课件15张PPT。第37讲 主谓一致广西专用外研版主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。因此，找出句子的真正主语是关键。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。
中考对主谓一致的考查主要包括以下三种情况：
1．学科名词作主语；表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语作主语；“the＋姓氏名词复数”作主语；一些以s结尾的不可数名词作主语，如news，maths；“不定代词＋名词”作主语，如both of，neither等。
2．主语后带有with，except，like，as well as等介词短语。
3．就近原则，如there be句型，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等。 高频考向一 语法一致原则
语法一致即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词就用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词就用复数形式。
①当and连接两个或多个名词，或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。
②不定代词either，neither，anybody，anyone，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，nobody，no one，nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Is there anything wrong with your bike？你的自行车有什么毛病吗？
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。③由each，each...and each...，every...and every...，every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。
④主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，no less than，more than，including，besides，like，except，but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如：
Mr.Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。
⑤“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
A number of trees are cut down.许多树木被砍倒了。
The number of students in our class is 32.我们班学生人数为32。⑥“a lot of(lots of，plenty of，a pile of，piles of，most of)＋名词”和“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Lots of people have been there.很多人去过那儿。
⑦由“a pair(a kind，a series...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)＋of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。
Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.每天能制作十五双鞋。⑧某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes，trousers，shorts，pants，shoes，gloves...)作主语时，谓词动词用复数形式。如：
My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。
⑨不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Reading is learning.读书就是学习。【例1】 Both Kate and I ________ ready for the new high school life.(2016，孝感)
A．am B．is C．are D．be
解析：both...and连接两个并列的主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。
答案：____
【例2】 ________ that pair of ________ a little cheaper？(2017，桂林预测)
A．Is；glass B．Are；glass
C．Is；glasses D．Are；glasses
解析：a pair of后应接复数名词，其作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。
答案：____CC【例3】 There ________ a number of books in the library and the number of them ________ increasing.(2016，烟台)
A．has；is B．have；are
C．are；is D．is；are
解析：由第一个空前的单词there可知，前一分句为there be句型，be动词要与后面的名词在数上保持一致，其后a number of books为复数，所以第一个空选are；后一分句主语为the number of them，表示“它们的数量”，谓语动词应用单数形式，所以第二个空选is。
答案：____C高频考向二 意义一致原则
意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
①由and连接的两个名词，如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词)，则谓语动词用单数形式。如：
The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们作报告。
The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。
②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
Three years is a long time.三年是一段很长的时间。③集体名词如family，team，crowd，company，class，group，government...，如果表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
My family is a small one with three people.我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。
④people，police，cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The police are helping a girl find her mother.警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。
⑤算式中，表示加法和乘法时谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式，但表示减法和除法时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如：
What is/are three times three？3乘以3是多少？【例4】 —How much ________ the pair of shoes?
—Twenty dollars ________ enough.(2017，南宁预测)
A．is；is B．is；are
C．are；is D．are；are
解析：the pair of shoes的中心词是pair，则谓语动词用单数；把twenty dollars看成整体，则谓语动词也用单数。
答案：____A高频考向三 就近原则
有时谓语动词的形式与最靠近它的名词保持一致，这种原则叫做就近原则，又叫做邻近原则。
①由either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)．..，not...but...或or连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如：
Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.不但我父母而且我也盼望看到我叔叔。
Not only Jim but also his parents want to live in China.不仅吉姆而且他的父母也想居住在中国。
He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的钢笔。
②There be...和Here be...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如：
There is an apple and two bananas on the table.桌子上有一个苹果和两根香蕉。【例5】 There ________ forty-two students in our class last term.(2016，梧州)
A．is B．are C．was D．were
解析：forty-two students表示的是复数意义，则there be句型中的be动词应用复数，由句中时间状语last term可知应用be动词的过去式。
答案：____
【例6】 ________ Lily ________ Lucy is going with you because one of them must stay at home.(2016，柳州模拟)
A．Not only；but also B．Neither；nor
C．Both；and D．Either；or
解析：根据主谓一致原则可排除C项；由下文“他们中的一个必须待在家里”，可知“要么露西要么莉莉与你一起去”。
答案：____DD【例7】 There ________ some flowers on the teacher's desk just now，but now there ________ nothing on it.
A．have；has B．were；has
C．were；is D．has；has
解析：第一空应根据some flowers来确定谓语动词应用复数，just now表明是一般过去时；第二空根据nothing来判断谓语动词应用单数，now表明一般现在时。
答案：____C考点跟踪突破37 主谓一致
1．I__A__ a middle school student.(2016，桂林)
A．am B．is C．are
2．Lingling and her friends __D__ looking forward to visiting Disneyland in Shanghai.(2016，钦州)2-1-c-n-j-y
A．be B．is C．am D．are
3．Neither Li Hua nor I __A__ good at writing.(2016，永州)21世纪教育网版权所有
A．am B．is C．are
4．This pair of shoes __B__ me well，but the shoes ________ expensive.(2017，百色预测)
A．fit；are B．fits；are C．fits；is
5．Look！A woman with three children __A__ crossing the street.Let's help them.(2016，郴州)21教育网
A．is B．are C．was
6．Nowadays，__C__ of the old people in the area ________ used to dancing on the square after supper.(2016，恩施)21·世纪*教育网
A．two third; is B．two thirds; is
C．two thirds; are
7．Everybody except Mike and Linda __B__ there when the meeting began.(2016，巴中)
A．are B．was C．were
8．There __A__ a pencil and some pens in the box.(2016，绥化)【版权所有：21教育】
A．is B．are C．aren't
9．Both Kate and I __C__ ready for the new high school life.(2016，孝感)
A．am B．is C．are D．be
10．Alice prefers stories that __A__ short and funny.(2016，南充)【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A．are B．is C．was D．were
11．—What would you like to have for supper，Jack?
—Either noodles or rice __C__ OK.I don't mind.(2016，安顺)21教育名师原创作品
A．are B．were C．is D．was
12．The number of the volunteers in our city __B__ 2，000.And sixty percent of them ________ teachers and students.(2016，荆门)21*cnjy*com
A．is；is B．is；are C．are；is D．are；are
13．—Do you need more time to complete the task?
—Yes.Another ten days __A__ enough.(2017，南宁预测)
A．is B．was C．are D．were
14．Andy，you'd better not eat meat only.You should know milk and fruit __B__ good for you.21*cnjy*com
A．is B．are C．was D．were
15．Physics，as well as English，__A__ very important for us.(2017，百色预测)
A．is B．are C．was D．were
16．—What would you like，coffee or tea?
—Either __A__ OK.I don't mind.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
17．There __C__ still some apple juice in the fridge.It's not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.21·cn·jy·com
A．was B．were C．is D．are
18．—Maths __A__ my favorite subject.What about you?www.21-cn-jy.com
—Physics ________.I think it's very interesting.
A．is；is B．are；are C．are；is D．is；are
19．As the proverb says，early to bed and early to rise __B__ a man healthy，wealthy and wise.2·1·c·n·j·y
A．make B．makes
C．made D．is making
20．Neither Kate nor her cousins __A__ to America, but ________ of them have known the country very well.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A．have been; all B．have gone; both
C．has been; all
21．A lot of foreigners __C__ familiar with the famous places of interest in China.(2017，柳州预测)【出处：21教育名师】
A．am B．is C．are D．be
22．A number of tourists __A__ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.(2016，武汉模拟)21cnjy.com
A．have been to B．has been to
C．has gone to D．have gone to
23．—Do you know Jim well?
—No.I only know that he is one of the boys in our class who __D__ from England.
A．has come B．have come
C．comes D．come
24．—Bill's family __D__ having supper at seven this evening.www-2-1-cnjy-com
—Oh？How do you know that ？(2016，安徽模拟)
A．is B．was C．were D．are
