课件16张PPT。第34讲 非谓语动词广西专用外研版中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动词-ing形式和动词不定式作主语；
2．动词-ing和动词不定式作表语、宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作定语、状语；
5．固定短语搭配。高频考向一 动词不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。
2．功能：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
(1)作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
【注意】动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。①“It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：
It's kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。
②“It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。(2)作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
(3)作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。
(4)作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.当她出去的时候，她叫我接电话。(5)作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：
He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)
He has no friends to talk with.他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。(介宾)
【注意】①当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：
He had no place to live (in)．他没地方住。
②有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：
a chance to go to school上学的机会
no time to think about rest没时间考虑休息
a way to learn (of learning) English学习英语的一种方法(6)作状语
They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)
他们跑过来欢迎我们。
Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)
保罗激动得说不出话来。
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)
很抱歉打扰你。
【注意】有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：
①在let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时，省略的to要加上。如：
I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。②在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构或句型后，要用不带to的不定式。如：
Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？
You'd better go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。
3．特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how，who，when，where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
I don't know what to do.我不知道该做什么。
I don't know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做这事。
I don't know what to do about it.关于这件事，我不知道该做些什么。
The question is who to go.问题是谁去。【例1】 Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading.(2016，苏州)
A．to develop B．develop
C．to developing D．developing
解析：advise后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即advise sb. to do sth.，意为“建议某人做某事”。
答案：____
【例2】 My parents often tell me________too much junk food because it's bad for my health.(2016，柳州模拟)
A．not eating B．not to eat
C．eating D．to eat
解析：tell sb.(not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”，动词不定式作宾语；由原因状语从句的句意“因为它对我的健康不利”可知，此处应用动词不定式的否定形式。
答案：____AB【例3】The traffic signs warn people after drinking.
A．to drive B．not to drive
C．driving D．don't drive
解析：warn sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“警告某人做某事”，其否定形式为warn sb. not to do sth.。结合常识可知，交通标志应是“警告人们不要酒后驾驶”。
答案：____
【例4】 —Why is Linlin practising speaking English?
—________abroad for further study.
A．Go B．Gone C．To go D．Goes
解析：疑问词why用于提问原因，动词不定式结构可用来表示目的，回答原因。
答案：____BC【例5】 —I'll have a ten-day holiday.But I don't know ________.
—How about Paris？(2016，成都)
A．what do to B．where to go
C．when to go
解析：what to do“做什么”；where to do“去哪里”；when to go“何时去”。由第一句句意“我将有一个10天的假期”和答语句意“巴黎怎么样？”可推知，空格所在句意为“但我不知道去哪里。”
答案：____B高频考向二 动词-ing形式
动词-ing具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用。(主语)
My greatest pleasure is travelling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)
She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)
There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)
【注意】(1)初中阶段常见的接动词-ing的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practise(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，avoid(避免)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep...from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。【例6】 Isn't it strange that the cat is used to________(lie) beside the dog peacefully?
解析：be used to意为“习惯于”，后接动词-ing形式。
答案：________
【例7】 It is worth________(mention)that Nanjing has entered Top 10 Appealing Chinese Cities.
解析：be worth意为“值得”，后接动词-ing形式。
答案：____________
【例8】 Would you mind________(turn) down the music？The baby is sleeping.
解析：mind意为“介意”，后接动词-ing形式。
答案：__________
【例9】 Students in our class have finished________(read) the article.
解析：finish意为“完成”，后接动词-ing形式。
答案：_________lyingmentioningturningreading【例10】________ the meeting gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A．The president will attend
B．The president to attend
C．The president attend
D．The president's attending
解析：句意为“总统的参与(会议)给了他们极大的鼓励。”句子缺少主语，可用动词-ing形式作主语，也可用从句作主语。从句作主语时引导词不能省略。排除A、C两项；只有D项符合题意。
答案：____D考点跟踪突破34 非谓语动词
1．Peter wants __A__ some hamburgers because he is very hungry now.(2016，梧州)
A．to eat B．eat C．eats D．eating
2．They decided __D__ some cards for their teachers on Teachers' Day.(2016，钦州)
A．make B．made C．making D．to make
3．My father used to drive to work, but he is used to __A__ now.(2016，六盘水)
A．walking B．walked C．walks D．walk
4．I remember __D__ to Beijing when I was a child.(2016，黔东南州)
A．to take B．taking
C．to be taken D．being taken
5．Tina is busy __B__ at school.But she never forgets ________ her mother every day.(2016，巴中)
A．work；to call B．working；to call
C．working；calling
6．It's our duty __C__ our hometown clean and beautiful.We must do something for it.(2016，绥化)
A．keeping B．keeps C．to keep
7．The boss asked Tim to go and __A__out if there was anyone else absent.(2016，河南)
A．find B．finding C．to find D．found
8．We talked about __C__ new words.(2016，白银)
A．learn B．learned C．learning D．to learn
9．How time flies！We should show love for our parents and make them __D__ how much they mean to us.(2016，十堰)
A．to know B．knowing C．knew D．know
10．When you are tired，__A__ in the countryside is a wonderful experience.(2016，孝感)
A．relaxing B．relaxed C．relax D．relaxes
11．Two disabled men from Hebei Province (one is blind and the other has no arms) have spent over ten years __C__ trees together.(2016，十堰)
A．plant B．plants C．planting D．planted
12．Tai Ji is my favourite and I often play it __A__ healthy.(2016，重庆B)
A．to keep B．keeps C．keeping D．kept
13．We advise parents __A__ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. (2016，龙东)
A．not to leave B．not leave C．not leaving
14．These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits.They tell people __D__ shark fins in order to protect sharks.(2016，临沂)
A．eat B．to eat C．not eat D．not to eat
15．—Why did she shout just now?
—The traffic was too noisy and she had to make herself __C__ clearly.(2016，恩施)
A．hear B．hearing C．heard
16．My parents don't allow me __B__ late.(2016，南充)
A．stay up B．to stay up
C．stays up D．staying up
17．You should ask Bob __D__ his own clothes.He is ten years old now.(2016，重庆A)
A．wash B．washes C．washing D．to wash
18．How kind you are! You always do what you can __D__ others.(2016，绵阳)
A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help
19．These rules are made __C__ the disabled.(2016，兰州)
A．protect B．protected
C．to protect D．protecting
20．His uncle would rather __C__ in the countryside than ________ to the city.(2016，河北模拟)
A．stay；moving B．to stay；move
C．stay；move D．to stay；to move
21．—I wonder if you mind __A__ at my throat.
—Of course not.Sit here，please.(2017，百色预测)
A．looking B．look
C．looked D．to look
22．—Mr White bought his two-year-old daughter a new computer yesterday.
—But such a little girl doesn't know how __D__ it，I guess.(2016，重庆模拟)
A．using B．to using C．used D．to use
