课件12张PPT。第33讲 动词的语态广西专用外研版中考对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。
动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。若主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。注意，动词中只有及物动词有被动语态。高频考向一 常见时态的被动语态
①一般现在时：am/is/are＋done。如：
It is made in China 它是中国制造的。
②一般过去时：was/were＋done。如：
The bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。
③一般将来时：will＋be＋done。如：
She will be trained by her father.她将受训于她爸爸。
④情态动词：情态动词＋be＋done。如：
Work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天之内完成。
⑤现在完成时：have/has＋been＋done。如：
The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。【例1】 Football ________ to our school subjects last year.(2017，百色预测)
A．is added B．adds
C．was added D．added
解析：句意为“去年足球被加入了我们的学校课程。”主语football是add这一动作的承受者，句子应用被动语态。被动语态的结构是“be＋动词的过去分词”。由关键词last year可知句子用一般过去时。
答案：____C【例2】 Our plan to clean the park ________ tomorrow.(2016，海南)
A．discusses B．will discuss
C．will be discussed
解析：由时间状语tomorrow(明天)可知，该句用一般将来时。句子的主语plan(计划)与谓语动词discuss(讨论)在逻辑上是被动关系，故用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态的构成为“will be＋及物动词的过去分词”。
答案：____C【例3】 —Why does the earth look blue in space?
—Because most of the earth's surface ________ by water.(2016，黄石)
A．covers B．is covered
C．cover D．are covered
解析：句意为“为什么在太空中，地球看上去是蓝色的？”“因为地球表面的大部分被水覆盖着。”句子的主语surface是谓语动词cover的承受者，句子用被动语态；surface是不可数名词，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
答案：____B【例4】 Children should ________ to be honest from a young age.(2016，青岛)
A．educate B．be educated
C．punish D．be punished
解析：educate“教育”；punish“惩罚”。由常识“我们应教育孩子诚实”可知，句意为“孩子们应当从小就被教育诚实”，且应用被动语态；含有情态动词should的被动语态的构成为“should be＋及物动词的过去分词”。
答案：____B高频考向二 语态用法的难点
①某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：
This dictionary sells well.这本字典很畅销。
The woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。
The car needs repairing.＝The car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。
The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。
②主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如：
He made the boy work for him.＝The boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。③动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如：
The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。
His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的计划遭到每个人的嘲笑。
④形容词cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式作状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如：
A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。
This question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。
⑤形容词worth后接动词-ing形式时，用主动形式表被动意义。如：
The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。【例5】 The books ________ well.(2017，南宁预测)
A．sell B．sells
C．is sold D．are sold
解析：本句中主语the books是复数，且sell本身含有被动意思。
答案：____
【例6】 This pair of shoes________hand，and it ________very comfortable.(2017，南宁预测)
A．is made with；is felt B．are made from；is felt
C．are made of；feels D．is made by；feels
解析：句意为“这双鞋是由手工制成的，感觉很舒服。”主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，用is made by；feel为半连系动词，句子结构应为“主系表”结构。
答案：____AD【例7】 If you see the cartoon film，you will________laugh.
A．be made B．be made to
C．made to D．make
解析：由句意“如果你看到这部动画电影，你将会被逗笑。”可以判断用被动语态。动词make在主动语态中，后面跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补，而变成被动语态时省略的to必须加上。
答案：____B考点跟踪突破33 动词的语态
1．—The children __D__ to follow the rules from a young age.2·1·c·n·j·y
—I agree.(2016，贵港)
A．educated B．educate
C．should educate D．should be educated
2．It is reported that UEFA Euro Cup 2016 __B__ in France on June 11th.And many Chinese fans went there to watch it.(2016，玉林)21·cn·jy·com
A．holds B．was held
C．held D．is held
3．Now smart phones __A__ in many ways in our daily life.(2016，长沙)
A．are used B．is used
C．are using
4．You are not supposed to go to a family party unless you __B__ to in the US.(2016，成都)
A．are not invited B．are invited
C．will be invited
5．I plan to build an unusual home.It __D__ out of old things.(2016，江西)
A．is built B．has built
C．was built D．will be built
6．—Wow！Your hat looks so beautiful.(2016，米泉)
—It __D__ by my Aunt.She is working in China.
A．has bought B．had bought
C．is bought D．was bought
7．—Mom，where is my model plane?
—Oh，it __C__ to Jenny yesterday.(2016，重庆B)
A．is lent B．lends C．was lent D．lent
8．Emily is glad that she __D__ for her honesty at that meeting.(2016，河北)
A．praises B．praised
C．is praised D．was praised
9．Now all Chinese families __C__ to have two children.(2016，临沂)
A．allow B．allowed
C．are allowed D．were allowed
10．He Jing __D__ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University.(2016，广东)21世纪教育网版权所有
A．invites B．invited
C．is invited D．was invited
11．—As China grows stronger and stronger，Chinese __C__ in more and more schools out of our country.(2016，鄂州)21教育网
—That's true.As a Chinese，I feel very proud.
A．teaches B．has taught
C．is taught D．was taught
12．—China's 23rd Beidou Satellite __D__ into space on June 12，2016.
—As Chinese，we are proud of it.(2016，咸宁)
A．has sent B．is sent
C．will send D．was sent
13．We are going to take the high-speed train to Xi'an tomorrow，so an early arrival at the station __B__．(2016，河南)21cnjy.com
A．advises B．is advised
C．is advising D．was advised
14．—What's the meaning of the activity “Let's Save”？www.21-cn-jy.com
—Paper shouldn't __C__ in everyday life.(2016，孝感)
A．waste B．wasted
C．be wasted D．is wasted
15．—Tell me one thing you're proud of your life in junior high school，Tony.
—I __D__ as captain of the school football team.
A．choose B．chose
C．am chosen D．was chosen
16．Attention，please！All the mobile phones __D__ during the meeting.
A．must keep off B．have kept off
C．are keeping off D．must be kept off
17．The song reminds me of my old school days as soon as it __A__．(2017，百色预测)
A．is played B．plays
C．will be played D．will play
18．In the old days，they __A__ in the factory from morning to evening.(2016，黄石模拟)
A．were made to work B．asked to work
C．made to work D．were asked for work
19．—At present，one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
—More chances __B__ to students to learn from each other.(2016，武汉模拟)
A．offer B．are offered
C．have offered D．are offering
20．—I want to borrow the book，but I don't know how long it may __D__．
—For two weeks.
A．keep B．be borrowed
C．borrow D．be kept
21．—Claudia，are you going to Jeff's birthday party on Saturday？(2017，南宁预测)
—Unless I __B__．
A．will be invited B．am invited
C．was inviting D．invited
