高考考点分析：名词
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课件52张PPT。By Keren 名词与主谓一致
语法专题讲座中学英语语法结构图语法词法句法Ten parts of speechNoun ( n. )Pronoun ( pron.)实词虚词Adjective( adj.) Verb ( v.)Adverb( adv.)Numeral( num.)Article( art.)Preposition (prep.)Conjunction (conj.)Interjection (int.)Members of the sentence按结构分按说话人的目的分按句子排列顺序分简单句(simple sentences)并列句( compound sentences)复合句 (Complex sentences)陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句一般句倒装句省略句强调句型一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句All clauses名从形从副从名词,冠词,代词 与主谓一致名词常见问题及高考考点分析 专有名词
普通名词
个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词可数名词不可数名词
名词词义辨析名词的单复数名词所有格名词前的冠词主谓一致名词做定语 高考考点分析名词的单复数二十条牛
两位过客
四个成年人
他的女婿们
三个女歌星twenty head of cattletwo passers-bythree women singersfour grown-upshis sons-in-lawthree Lady/girl /female singers 问题1--- How many does a cow have? --- Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach
C．stomachs D．stomachies
以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。
另外，以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时，需将 y 变成 i，再加 -es；以元音字母 +y 结尾的则直接加 -s。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的专有名词变复数时，也直接加 -s。以0结尾的名词大多数+s,个别+es: heroes, negroes, tomatoes and potatoes …?问题2： The ______ of the building are covered with lots of ______.
A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs
C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs
以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加 s，如:belief---beliefs (briefs griefs chiefs )
roof---roofs proof-proofs cliff-cliffs
safe-safes serf --serfs gulf- gulfs
b. 去 f, fe 加 ves，如：half---halves knife---knives
leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives
life---lives thief---thieves； c. 均可, 如：handkerchief ---
handkerchiefs / handkerchieves ?问题3：
When the farmer returned home he found three ______ missing.
A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies
当sheep; deer; fish表示数量时，单复数同形；如果表示不同种类，则需加 –s 或 –es。 单复数同形的名词有：
deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese, Swiss
works(工厂,工事等) , means (方式,手段), head?问题4：
Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday.
A．German B．Germen
C．Germans D．Germens
国家人的名词需要记住三种情况：
1、单复数同形：Chinese; Japanese; Swiss
2、需要变形：English - Englishman
3、加 –s 或 -es：German – Germans
详见下表。?1.6 不同国家的人的单复数
名称 总称(谓语用复数） 一个人 两个人 中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss 澳大利亚人the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians 意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians 希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese 美国人 the Americans an American two Americans 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes 问题5：
_______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. (1993 上海)
A. The Evens B. The Evens’
C. The Evenses D. The Evenses’
专有名词的复数与定冠词连用，常用来表示“一家人”或一家之中的两个或几个重要的人。如：
--- Who did you spend last weekend with?
--- _____. (98上海)
A Palmer’s B The Palmers’
C The Palmers D The Palmer’s??问题6：
Mr Smith has two ______, both of whom are teachers in a school.
A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws
C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law
以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 –s。如：grown-ups。?名词的可数与不可数1.夏天去游泳多么有趣。2 你能否就如何学好英语给我一些忠告呢？3 请收集尽可能多的有关奥运的信息。4 你认为电脑是一件办公设备还是一件家具？What fun it is to go swimming in summer.Would you please give me some advice on how to learn English well.Please collect as much information about the Olympic Games as possible.Do you think a computer is a piece of office equipment or a piece of furniture?Pay attention to the following phrases:
keep(break) one’s word
leave word
in a word
in other words
have words with sb.
have a few words(a word) with sb.
守（失）信留言简言之换句话说与某人吵嘴与某人说几句话 Word came that the meeting will be held on Friday.**传来消息会议于星期五召开。** He left _____with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep his _______.
A.words; his words
B.word; word C. words; word
D.the word; his wordB问题1：
He gained his _____ by printing _____ of famous writers. (NMET95)
A. wealth; work B. wealths; works
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
抽象名词和物质名词被称为不可数名词。本题中 wealth 为不可数名词， Works “工厂” ，属单复数同形的可数名词.works 作“作品”解,可数.?问题2：
Can you give us some ______ about the writer?
A．informations B．information
C．piece of informations D．pieces information
大多数不可数名词都不可能转化为可数名词，常见的有：information, news, word; advice; progress; fun, furniture, weather, damage, equipment, wealth, health, 如：
This is not a match. We’re playing chess for _____.
A habit B hobby C fun D game (2001上海春季)??问题3： Many people agree that ____of English is a must in international trade today. (NMET96)
A. a knowledge B. knowledges
C. knowledge D. the knowledge
(02) One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ___good knowledge of basic word formation.
A. / B. the ?C. a D. one
有些抽象名词和物质名词也可转化为可数名词，用来表示某种特定的意义。a knowledge of …表示“对……有所了解“。又如：
This meeting is a great success.
请看下面的可数与不可数名词的转化：??1.抽象名词的具体化——英语中有一类名词通常不可数，但当赋予它们具体含义后，可以和a/an连用,用作可数名词。
honor光荣—an honor带来荣誉的人或事物 pity遗憾 — a pity一件让人觉得可惜的事 surprise—a surprise一件让人吃惊的事 joy- a great joy,
delight-a great delight/satisfaction,
还有success /failure / pleasure / worry / danger/ service/ youth/ wonder/ a must/ a trade( 一桩生意,some trades几门手艺)等。 2.当物质名词可表示一次,一种, 一阵, 一场,一份…可数。 Our country is famous for tea. Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。two ice creams ,a black tea, an old wine,
a great noise, a heavy rain, a cold wind , an advanced culture, a population of …,an art, an ill effect , a good knowledge of …
The car raised a dust .
A good sweat will cure a cold.
Take a rest/ look/ great interest
have a fever/ a bad cold/ a practice in music
have a good sleep / a high opinion of
die a … death/ live a… life
make an apology 3.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。 This factory produces steel. (U) We need various steels. (C)
share sorrows and joys
4.抽象名词有时也可数。 four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations 四个现代化
many interests 许多兴趣名词作定语问题1
The ______ is just around the corner and you won’t miss it. (01北京春季)
A. bicycle’s shop B. bicycle shop
C. bicycles shop D. bicycles’ shop
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷?问题2
It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ________ journey. （05北京春季）
A. three-hour B. a three hour
C. a three-hour D. three hours
“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如： a ten-mile walk； a five-year plan 但是如果不用连字符，就需用复数的所有格。
The village is far away from here indeed. It’s _____ walk. （04上海春季）
A. a four hour B. a four hour's
C. a four-hours D. a four hours'??问题3：
There are only twelve _____ in the hospital.
A．woman doctors B．women doctors
C．women doctor D．woman doctor
man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如：a man worker → men workers
a woman teacher → women teachers a gentleman official → gentlemen officials ?名词的所有格例： (NMET 2001春) If this dictionary is not yours, ______ can it be?
A、what else B、who else
C、which else’s D、who else’s
D解析：本题考查所有格问题。首先明确“这部字典不是你的”，那么它一定是别人（who else）的，根据前后句一致原则，前面用了“你的字典”，后面也应该用who else’s。所以答案应该是D(`83) Miss Smith is a friend of _____.
Mary’s mother B. Mary’s mother’s
C.Mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother’sB双重所有格：当限定词(this)与所有格名词(Li Ming’s)、或名词性物主代词( yours )修饰同一名词时， 就用双重所有格。例如：我爸爸的那些朋友
黎明的几个朋友
你的那本书
我的一个老朋友 those friends of my father’sa few friends of Li Ming’sthat book of yoursan old friend of mine名词的搭配问题1
We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi. (N 19993)
A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
可以将“ have no choice but to do … ”视为一个结构，现在考查这类搭配的题有很多，如：
I am sure David will be able to find the library — he has a pretty good _______ of direction.（05浙江卷）
A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense
类似的题还有：??(NMET 97)If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a _______. A、message
B、letter C、sentence D、notice
A解析：本题考查四个名词的词义。leave a message为固定搭配，意思是“留口信”。因此答案为A。
1. Here’s my card. Let’s keep in __________. (N 1994) (A)
A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship
2. You can take as many as you like because they are free of
_______. (1998 上海) (B)
A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay
3. The manager has got a good business _______ so the
company is doing well. （03北京春季）（B）
A．idea B．sense C．thought D．Thinking
4. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s
______. （04天津）(A)
A reach B hand C hold D place????问题2
A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain. （05上海卷）
A. three times the size as
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size of
注意名词用来表示比较的特殊用法。它的结构为“倍数+the +名词+ of + 对象”。常用在该结构中的名词为：the size of; the weight of; the length of …….?名词词语辨析
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______. （05天津卷） (C)
A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind
高考试卷中考查名词词义辨析的题目越来越多了，这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中注意同类词的比较和辨析，同时尽可能从阅读过程中汲取更多的知识。本题的意思是参加体育锻炼的目的是增强体质和力气。? (NMET 98) You’ll find this map of great ______ in helping you to get round London.
A. price B. cost C. value D、 usefulness
C解析：本题考查名词词义的辨析。本句要表达的意思是“你会发现这张地图对你周游伦敦有很大价值。”，所以正确答案应该是C。
名词及其相关练习11.It’s good to your___to change another___every two weeks.
A. tooth; tooth-brush B. teeth; teeth-brush
C .tooth, teeth-brush D. teeth; tooth-brush
2.Which do you prefer, __ or ___?
A. potatos; tomatos B, potatos; tomatoes
C. potatoes; tomatoes
3.He said that two ____ would come to our school the next day.
A. women scientist B. women scientists
C. woman scientists D .women scientist
4.The_______of the cottages were covered with yellow ____.
A. roofs, leafs B. roofs, leaves
C .rooves , leafs D .rooves, leaves
5.His two _____ often help these children.
A. brother-in-laws B. brothers-in-law
C. brother-ins-law D. brother-in-law
6.There are many__ in big___.
A. Ladys driver; citys B . lady drivers; cities
C. Ladies drivers ; cities D. ladies driver; citiesD C B B B B7.There were twenty____on the farm.
A . head of cattles B. heads of cattle
C. head of cattle D. heads of cattles
8.The astronauts were busy making ______ for the historic flight to the moon.
A. preparing B. a preparation
C preparations D. Preparation
9.Before we moved into the new house, we bought many_____.
A. furnitures B. furniture
C. pieces of furniture D. furniture pieces
10.With the address to help him, he had no _______ in finding the old man’s house.
A. difficulties B. difficulty C. troubles D. mistakes
11.I have come to know that_____ comes only from_____.
A. knowledge; practice B. knowledges; practices
C. knowledge; practices D. knowledges; practice
CCCBA
12.Mother bought a lot of_____.
A. fruit and vegetable B , fruits and vegetable
C. fruit and vegetables D. fruits and vegetables
13.-----Oh,you look very pretty
-----Thank you, but I have_____.
A. a little white hair B. some white hairs
C. much white hair D. quite a few white hair
14.You should do more ______. Don’t always sit at the desk doing your______.
A. exercise; exercises B. exercises; exercises
C. exercises; exercise D. exercise; exercise
15.He left ______ with my secretary that he would call again
in the afternoon, He said he would keep_____.
A. words; his words B. word; his word
C. word; word D. the word ; his word
CBAB16.The two beds are______.
A. John’s and Kate’s B. John’s and Kate
C. John and Kate’s D. John and Kate
17.Pass me ______ newspapers on the table.
A. Today B. of today C. today’s D. todays’
18.There are a lot of ______ officers.
A. Woman police B. women police’s
C. Women police D. women’s police
19.Although he talked half an hour, he couldn’t give us a good ____ of the reason why he did it.
A. Idea B. sense C. explanation D. Understanding
20.-----Why didn’t you buy that dress?
-----I don’t like the_______. Besides, the color doesn’t fit me.
A. shape B. size C. model D. pattern
ACCBD21.It surprised us all that he had made____.
A. Such a great progress B. such great progress
C. Such great progresses D. so great progress
22.Many scientists have believed that there may be a _____of life on the Mars.
A. sign B. mark C. grade D. meaning
23.They can’t take _____of that house if we fail to reach an agreement with them.
A. notice B . hold C. care D. possession
24.He was an older tennis player, so he had the ______of the rich experience.
A. interest B. benefit C. advantage D. use
B A D CC D A C
25.I have no ______ why Mike is late for class.
A. Sense B. mind C. idea D. need
26.The earthquake has done much ______to the village.
A. ruin B. ruins
C. harm D. damage
27.The problem is very hard for us. Can you make _____ of it?
A. sense B. knowledge C. idea D. understanding
28.This is an invention of_____.
A. Tom’s father B. her
C. Tom’s father’s D. my
29.They are _____ in name ,but they are no longer in practice.
A. Woman doctors B. women doctors
C. lady doctors D .Ladies doctors
30.______ is more useful than gold.
A. Irons B. Iron C. An iron D. the iron
31._____ it is to listen to music!
A. How fun B. How a fun C. What a fun D. What fun
32. —What can I do for you?
—I’d like to have a _____ of China Daily.
A. Piece B. sheet C. lot D. copy
33.Many people agree that _____ knowledge of English is a must in ____ international trade today.
A. a;/ B. the; an C. the; the D. /;the
34.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his__ __.
A. Ability B. force C. strength D. mind
35. I am sure David will be able to find the library —he has a pretty good ___ of direction.
A . Idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
36. Sorry, sir. But all goods ____ to be checked at the _____.
A. is; customs B. are, custom
C .Are; customs D. is ;custom
37. Quite a few ____ work in the motor _____.
A. Japanese; works B. Japaneses ; work
C. Japanese; works D. Japanese; work
38.—Are you going hunting this year?
. —I don’t know. There are ____ deer in this area.
A. so few B. so little C .so many D. a lot of
39. When she finished ___ , she began working for ____.
A . school ;newspaper B. the school; the newspaper
C. school ; a newspaper; D. school ;newspaper
40.It will take me ____ to get to Shanghai .
A. Two days time B. two day’s time
C. Two day time D. two days’ time
41.We have missed the bus. I’m afraid we have no ___ but to take a taxi .
A.Way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
42. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ____.
A. Fact B. reality C. practice D. deed
43. A library with 5000 books ____ to the nation as a gift.
A. Is offered B. Has offered
C . are offered D. have offered
44.Mary and her ____ have set up their ____ in the bright __.
A. family, home, house B. room, family, home
C. Home ,room , family D. house, room, family
45. My father’s ____ is grey, but my mother has a few grey ___.
A. hair, hair B. hairs, hairs
C. hairs, hair D. hair, hairs
46. The population of the earth ___ increasing fast.
A. Is B. are C. were D. Have been
47. ---- how far away is it from here to your school?
---- it’s about ____.
A. half an hour’s drive B. half hours drive C. half an hour drives D. half an hour drive
48. Last week I called at my ___.
A. aunt B. aunts’ C. aunt’s D. aunts
49. The beach is a ___ throw.
A. stone B. stone’s C. stones D. stones’
50.Some famous singers live on the __ from their record sales..
A.Salary B. wage
C. bill D. income
51.He spends a lot of money on ___.
A. Photoes B. radioes
C. pianoes D. toys
52.What __! where did you get them ?
A. a big fish B. big fish
C. a piece of fish D. a piece of big fish
53.----Is this bridge made of ____? ----Yes, it is made of 100,000 huge ____. A. stone , stone B. stones, stones C. stone, stones D. stones, stone
语法专题讲座中学英语语法结构图语法词法句法Ten parts of speechNoun ( n. )Pronoun ( pron.)实词虚词Adjective( adj.) Verb ( v.)Adverb( adv.)Numeral( num.)Article( art.)Preposition (prep.)Conjunction (conj.)Interjection (int.)Members of the sentence按结构分按说话人的目的分按句子排列顺序分简单句(simple sentences)并列句( compound sentences)复合句 (Complex sentences)陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句一般句倒装句省略句强调句型一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句All clauses名从形从副从名词,冠词,代词 与主谓一致名词常见问题及高考考点分析 专有名词
普通名词
个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词可数名词不可数名词
名词词义辨析名词的单复数名词所有格名词前的冠词主谓一致名词做定语 高考考点分析名词的单复数二十条牛
两位过客
四个成年人
他的女婿们
三个女歌星twenty head of cattletwo passers-bythree women singersfour grown-upshis sons-in-lawthree Lady/girl /female singers 问题1--- How many does a cow have? --- Four.
A．stomaches B．stomach
C．stomachs D．stomachies
以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾的名词变复数时加 –es；但如果以 –ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 –s。
另外，以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时，需将 y 变成 i，再加 -es；以元音字母 +y 结尾的则直接加 -s。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的专有名词变复数时，也直接加 -s。以0结尾的名词大多数+s,个别+es: heroes, negroes, tomatoes and potatoes …?问题2： The ______ of the building are covered with lots of ______.
A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs
C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs
以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加 s，如:belief---beliefs (briefs griefs chiefs )
roof---roofs proof-proofs cliff-cliffs
safe-safes serf --serfs gulf- gulfs
b. 去 f, fe 加 ves，如：half---halves knife---knives
leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives
life---lives thief---thieves； c. 均可, 如：handkerchief ---
handkerchiefs / handkerchieves ?问题3：
When the farmer returned home he found three ______ missing.
A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies
当sheep; deer; fish表示数量时，单复数同形；如果表示不同种类，则需加 –s 或 –es。 单复数同形的名词有：
deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese, Swiss
works(工厂,工事等) , means (方式,手段), head?问题4：
Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday.
A．German B．Germen
C．Germans D．Germens
国家人的名词需要记住三种情况：
1、单复数同形：Chinese; Japanese; Swiss
2、需要变形：English - Englishman
3、加 –s 或 -es：German – Germans
详见下表。?1.6 不同国家的人的单复数
名称 总称(谓语用复数） 一个人 两个人 中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss 澳大利亚人the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians 意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians 希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese 美国人 the Americans an American two Americans 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes 问题5：
_______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas. (1993 上海)
A. The Evens B. The Evens’
C. The Evenses D. The Evenses’
专有名词的复数与定冠词连用，常用来表示“一家人”或一家之中的两个或几个重要的人。如：
--- Who did you spend last weekend with?
--- _____. (98上海)
A Palmer’s B The Palmers’
C The Palmers D The Palmer’s??问题6：
Mr Smith has two ______, both of whom are teachers in a school.
A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws
C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law
以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 –s。如：grown-ups。?名词的可数与不可数1.夏天去游泳多么有趣。2 你能否就如何学好英语给我一些忠告呢？3 请收集尽可能多的有关奥运的信息。4 你认为电脑是一件办公设备还是一件家具？What fun it is to go swimming in summer.Would you please give me some advice on how to learn English well.Please collect as much information about the Olympic Games as possible.Do you think a computer is a piece of office equipment or a piece of furniture?Pay attention to the following phrases:
keep(break) one’s word
leave word
in a word
in other words
have words with sb.
have a few words(a word) with sb.
守（失）信留言简言之换句话说与某人吵嘴与某人说几句话 Word came that the meeting will be held on Friday.**传来消息会议于星期五召开。** He left _____with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep his _______.
A.words; his words
B.word; word C. words; word
D.the word; his wordB问题1：
He gained his _____ by printing _____ of famous writers. (NMET95)
A. wealth; work B. wealths; works
C. wealths; work D. wealth; works
抽象名词和物质名词被称为不可数名词。本题中 wealth 为不可数名词， Works “工厂” ，属单复数同形的可数名词.works 作“作品”解,可数.?问题2：
Can you give us some ______ about the writer?
A．informations B．information
C．piece of informations D．pieces information
大多数不可数名词都不可能转化为可数名词，常见的有：information, news, word; advice; progress; fun, furniture, weather, damage, equipment, wealth, health, 如：
This is not a match. We’re playing chess for _____.
A habit B hobby C fun D game (2001上海春季)??问题3： Many people agree that ____of English is a must in international trade today. (NMET96)
A. a knowledge B. knowledges
C. knowledge D. the knowledge
(02) One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ___good knowledge of basic word formation.
A. / B. the ?C. a D. one
有些抽象名词和物质名词也可转化为可数名词，用来表示某种特定的意义。a knowledge of …表示“对……有所了解“。又如：
This meeting is a great success.
请看下面的可数与不可数名词的转化：??1.抽象名词的具体化——英语中有一类名词通常不可数，但当赋予它们具体含义后，可以和a/an连用,用作可数名词。
honor光荣—an honor带来荣誉的人或事物 pity遗憾 — a pity一件让人觉得可惜的事 surprise—a surprise一件让人吃惊的事 joy- a great joy,
delight-a great delight/satisfaction,
还有success /failure / pleasure / worry / danger/ service/ youth/ wonder/ a must/ a trade( 一桩生意,some trades几门手艺)等。 2.当物质名词可表示一次,一种, 一阵, 一场,一份…可数。 Our country is famous for tea. Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。two ice creams ,a black tea, an old wine,
a great noise, a heavy rain, a cold wind , an advanced culture, a population of …,an art, an ill effect , a good knowledge of …
The car raised a dust .
A good sweat will cure a cold.
Take a rest/ look/ great interest
have a fever/ a bad cold/ a practice in music
have a good sleep / a high opinion of
die a … death/ live a… life
make an apology 3.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，名词可数。 This factory produces steel. (U) We need various steels. (C)
share sorrows and joys
4.抽象名词有时也可数。 four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations 四个现代化
many interests 许多兴趣名词作定语问题1
The ______ is just around the corner and you won’t miss it. (01北京春季)
A. bicycle’s shop B. bicycle shop
C. bicycles shop D. bicycles’ shop
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系 2) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷?问题2
It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ________ journey. （05北京春季）
A. three-hour B. a three hour
C. a three-hour D. three hours
“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如： a ten-mile walk； a five-year plan 但是如果不用连字符，就需用复数的所有格。
The village is far away from here indeed. It’s _____ walk. （04上海春季）
A. a four hour B. a four hour's
C. a four-hours D. a four hours'??问题3：
There are only twelve _____ in the hospital.
A．woman doctors B．women doctors
C．women doctor D．woman doctor
man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如：a man worker → men workers
a woman teacher → women teachers a gentleman official → gentlemen officials ?名词的所有格例： (NMET 2001春) If this dictionary is not yours, ______ can it be?
A、what else B、who else
C、which else’s D、who else’s
D解析：本题考查所有格问题。首先明确“这部字典不是你的”，那么它一定是别人（who else）的，根据前后句一致原则，前面用了“你的字典”，后面也应该用who else’s。所以答案应该是D(`83) Miss Smith is a friend of _____.
Mary’s mother B. Mary’s mother’s
C.Mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother’sB双重所有格：当限定词(this)与所有格名词(Li Ming’s)、或名词性物主代词( yours )修饰同一名词时， 就用双重所有格。例如：我爸爸的那些朋友
黎明的几个朋友
你的那本书
我的一个老朋友 those friends of my father’sa few friends of Li Ming’sthat book of yoursan old friend of mine名词的搭配问题1
We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ______ but to take a taxi. (N 19993)
A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
可以将“ have no choice but to do … ”视为一个结构，现在考查这类搭配的题有很多，如：
I am sure David will be able to find the library — he has a pretty good _______ of direction.（05浙江卷）
A．idea B．feeling C．experience D．sense
类似的题还有：??(NMET 97)If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a _______. A、message
B、letter C、sentence D、notice
A解析：本题考查四个名词的词义。leave a message为固定搭配，意思是“留口信”。因此答案为A。
1. Here’s my card. Let’s keep in __________. (N 1994) (A)
A. touch B. relation C. connection D. friendship
2. You can take as many as you like because they are free of
_______. (1998 上海) (B)
A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay
3. The manager has got a good business _______ so the
company is doing well. （03北京春季）（B）
A．idea B．sense C．thought D．Thinking
4. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s
______. （04天津）(A)
A reach B hand C hold D place????问题2
A rough estimate, Nigeria is__________ Great Britain. （05上海卷）
A. three times the size as
B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of
D. three times the size of
注意名词用来表示比较的特殊用法。它的结构为“倍数+the +名词+ of + 对象”。常用在该结构中的名词为：the size of; the weight of; the length of …….?名词词语辨析
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_______. （05天津卷） (C)
A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind
高考试卷中考查名词词义辨析的题目越来越多了，这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中注意同类词的比较和辨析，同时尽可能从阅读过程中汲取更多的知识。本题的意思是参加体育锻炼的目的是增强体质和力气。? (NMET 98) You’ll find this map of great ______ in helping you to get round London.
A. price B. cost C. value D、 usefulness
C解析：本题考查名词词义的辨析。本句要表达的意思是“你会发现这张地图对你周游伦敦有很大价值。”，所以正确答案应该是C。
名词及其相关练习11.It’s good to your___to change another___every two weeks.
A. tooth; tooth-brush B. teeth; teeth-brush
C .tooth, teeth-brush D. teeth; tooth-brush
2.Which do you prefer, __ or ___?
A. potatos; tomatos B, potatos; tomatoes
C. potatoes; tomatoes
3.He said that two ____ would come to our school the next day.
A. women scientist B. women scientists
C. woman scientists D .women scientist
4.The_______of the cottages were covered with yellow ____.
A. roofs, leafs B. roofs, leaves
C .rooves , leafs D .rooves, leaves
5.His two _____ often help these children.
A. brother-in-laws B. brothers-in-law
C. brother-ins-law D. brother-in-law
6.There are many__ in big___.
A. Ladys driver; citys B . lady drivers; cities
C. Ladies drivers ; cities D. ladies driver; citiesD C B B B B7.There were twenty____on the farm.
A . head of cattles B. heads of cattle
C. head of cattle D. heads of cattles
8.The astronauts were busy making ______ for the historic flight to the moon.
A. preparing B. a preparation
C preparations D. Preparation
9.Before we moved into the new house, we bought many_____.
A. furnitures B. furniture
C. pieces of furniture D. furniture pieces
10.With the address to help him, he had no _______ in finding the old man’s house.
A. difficulties B. difficulty C. troubles D. mistakes
11.I have come to know that_____ comes only from_____.
A. knowledge; practice B. knowledges; practices
C. knowledge; practices D. knowledges; practice
CCCBA
12.Mother bought a lot of_____.
A. fruit and vegetable B , fruits and vegetable
C. fruit and vegetables D. fruits and vegetables
13.-----Oh,you look very pretty
-----Thank you, but I have_____.
A. a little white hair B. some white hairs
C. much white hair D. quite a few white hair
14.You should do more ______. Don’t always sit at the desk doing your______.
A. exercise; exercises B. exercises; exercises
C. exercises; exercise D. exercise; exercise
15.He left ______ with my secretary that he would call again
in the afternoon, He said he would keep_____.
A. words; his words B. word; his word
C. word; word D. the word ; his word
CBAB16.The two beds are______.
A. John’s and Kate’s B. John’s and Kate
C. John and Kate’s D. John and Kate
17.Pass me ______ newspapers on the table.
A. Today B. of today C. today’s D. todays’
18.There are a lot of ______ officers.
A. Woman police B. women police’s
C. Women police D. women’s police
19.Although he talked half an hour, he couldn’t give us a good ____ of the reason why he did it.
A. Idea B. sense C. explanation D. Understanding
20.-----Why didn’t you buy that dress?
-----I don’t like the_______. Besides, the color doesn’t fit me.
A. shape B. size C. model D. pattern
ACCBD21.It surprised us all that he had made____.
A. Such a great progress B. such great progress
C. Such great progresses D. so great progress
22.Many scientists have believed that there may be a _____of life on the Mars.
A. sign B. mark C. grade D. meaning
23.They can’t take _____of that house if we fail to reach an agreement with them.
A. notice B . hold C. care D. possession
24.He was an older tennis player, so he had the ______of the rich experience.
A. interest B. benefit C. advantage D. use
B A D CC D A C
25.I have no ______ why Mike is late for class.
A. Sense B. mind C. idea D. need
26.The earthquake has done much ______to the village.
A. ruin B. ruins
C. harm D. damage
27.The problem is very hard for us. Can you make _____ of it?
A. sense B. knowledge C. idea D. understanding
28.This is an invention of_____.
A. Tom’s father B. her
C. Tom’s father’s D. my
29.They are _____ in name ,but they are no longer in practice.
A. Woman doctors B. women doctors
C. lady doctors D .Ladies doctors
30.______ is more useful than gold.
A. Irons B. Iron C. An iron D. the iron
31._____ it is to listen to music!
A. How fun B. How a fun C. What a fun D. What fun
32. —What can I do for you?
—I’d like to have a _____ of China Daily.
A. Piece B. sheet C. lot D. copy
33.Many people agree that _____ knowledge of English is a must in ____ international trade today.
A. a;/ B. the; an C. the; the D. /;the
34.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his__ __.
A. Ability B. force C. strength D. mind
35. I am sure David will be able to find the library —he has a pretty good ___ of direction.
A . Idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
36. Sorry, sir. But all goods ____ to be checked at the _____.
A. is; customs B. are, custom
C .Are; customs D. is ;custom
37. Quite a few ____ work in the motor _____.
A. Japanese; works B. Japaneses ; work
C. Japanese; works D. Japanese; work
38.—Are you going hunting this year?
. —I don’t know. There are ____ deer in this area.
A. so few B. so little C .so many D. a lot of
39. When she finished ___ , she began working for ____.
A . school ;newspaper B. the school; the newspaper
C. school ; a newspaper; D. school ;newspaper
40.It will take me ____ to get to Shanghai .
A. Two days time B. two day’s time
C. Two day time D. two days’ time
41.We have missed the bus. I’m afraid we have no ___ but to take a taxi .
A.Way B. choice C. possibility D. selection
42. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ____.
A. Fact B. reality C. practice D. deed
43. A library with 5000 books ____ to the nation as a gift.
A. Is offered B. Has offered
C . are offered D. have offered
44.Mary and her ____ have set up their ____ in the bright __.
A. family, home, house B. room, family, home
C. Home ,room , family D. house, room, family
45. My father’s ____ is grey, but my mother has a few grey ___.
A. hair, hair B. hairs, hairs
C. hairs, hair D. hair, hairs
46. The population of the earth ___ increasing fast.
A. Is B. are C. were D. Have been
47. ---- how far away is it from here to your school?
---- it’s about ____.
A. half an hour’s drive B. half hours drive C. half an hour drives D. half an hour drive
48. Last week I called at my ___.
A. aunt B. aunts’ C. aunt’s D. aunts
49. The beach is a ___ throw.
A. stone B. stone’s C. stones D. stones’
50.Some famous singers live on the __ from their record sales..
A.Salary B. wage
C. bill D. income
51.He spends a lot of money on ___.
A. Photoes B. radioes
C. pianoes D. toys
52.What __! where did you get them ?
A. a big fish B. big fish
C. a piece of fish D. a piece of big fish
53.----Is this bridge made of ____? ----Yes, it is made of 100,000 huge ____. A. stone , stone B. stones, stones C. stone, stones D. stones, stone