中考解密专项之-状语从句

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中考解密专项之——状语从句
状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年中考题中常见的一个重要试点。中考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后中考热点，学生们应该充分准备已引起重视。
在复合句中，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫做状语从句，
状语从句可置主语之前，也可置主语之后。前置时，从句后用逗号与主句分开；后置时，与主句之间无标点符号。
状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、 比较、地点、让步、方式等九类。
（一）时间状语从句
(1)表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time,等连词引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
While I was watching TV, the bell rang.
As soon as she came in the classroom, the bell rang.
(2)主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代替。?
e.g. Whenever we’re in trouble, he’ll help us.
（二）原因状语从句
(1)引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等
e.g. I couldn’t stay longer, because I don’t have enough money.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Since he moved to the town, he didn’t came back.
其中要注意：对because 原因状语提问用“why”
because, since，as, for的区别：
because 从句所表示的是对方不知道的直接的原因，因此在回答以why引导的特殊疑问句时只可用because,而as, since 引导的从句却不可；as，since从句所表示的往往是对方已知的原因；for往往用于附加理由证明。
??e.g. As the bus was late, we took taxi to school.
（三）条件状语从句
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, so (as) far as。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。
e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
I won’t get good grades unless I work hard.
So far as I know（据我所知）, he will go abroad.
注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。
主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代替。(可归纳为主将从现)
e.g. If he has much money, he will buy a big house.?
(四）目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句最常用引导词是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。
e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may hear the speaker better.
She has bought the MP3 in order that she could sing the song well.
（五）结果状语从句
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。
e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t go to school.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone likes her.
请注意1 so与such的区别
①so+形+a/an+名
such+a/an+形+名
②so+many/much/few/little+形+名
③such+形+不可数名词/可数名词复数
2 so...that与too...to和...enough to间转换?
e.g. He is so old that he can go to school.
He is too young to go to school.
He is old enough to go to school.
（六）比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。
e.g. He runs faster than Tom does.
He is as heavy as my father.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
其中注意：as...as,not as (so)...as中间用形容词或副词的原形
e.g. Watching TV is not as(so) interesting as playing computer games.
（七）让步状语从句
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。
e.g. Though the bike was broken, he got school on time..
Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, I’ll never believe.
Even though she is very old, she can cook for herself.
注意：1 as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
2 though不能与but连用。
（八）地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
e.g. Have a vacation wherever you like to go.
Give me a call where you arrived.
（九）方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), rather than等引导。
e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you.
He acted as if nothing had happened.
真题再现
( ) 1.（2009·湖北武汉）
—What should I do here？
—Just put all the things they were.
A. where B. when C. whose D. which
【答案】 A
( ) 2.（2009·山东烟台）
______ well you drive, you must drive carefully.
A. No matter where B. In order that
C. No matter how D. As soon as
【答案】 C
( ) 3.（2009·山东烟台）
Don’t laugh at her. She is ______ any of the students in your class.
A. as clever a student as B. as a clever student as
C. so clever a student as D. so a clever student like
【答案】 A
( ) 1.（2009·湖北孝感）
Tommy, do you know if Frank ______ to the zoo this Sunday if it _______
— Sorry, I have no idea.
A. will go; is fine B. goes; is fine
C. will go; is going to be fine D. goes; will be fine
【答案】 A
( ) 2.（2009·河南）
It’s quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers _ people
get off the bus.
A. after B. since C. until D. when
【答案】 D
( ) 3.（2009·湖北孝感）
_____ Switzerland is very small, _____ it is the land of watch and it is very rich.
A. Though; but B. Because; so C. Because; / D. Though; /
【答案】 D
( ) 4.（2009·陕西绥德）
I will call you as soon as I ______ the ticket to the football match.
A. will get B. get C. got D. am getting
【答案】 B
( ) 5.（2009.北京）
If I find his phone number, I ______ you.
A. tell B. told C. will tell D. have told
【答案】 C
( ) 1.（2009·吉林通化）
I bet Mrs. Black will come to help us with the celebration if she ______ too busy
tomorrow.
A. is B. will be C. won’t be D. isn’t
【答案】 D
( ) 2.（2009·深圳）
---It’s raining, Daisy．Please________ an umbrella with you.
---Thanks. I’ll return it to you when I______ next week．
A. take, come B. take, will come C. bring，come D. bring, will come
【答案】 A
( ) 3.（2009·深圳）
—David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it．
—But it_______ off already！The music is from the radio．
A. so that , has been turned B. when, has turned
C. if, has been turned D. because, has turned
【答案】 C
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