2017届牛津译林版英语高考二轮训练题：语法专练4 定语从句（题组训练）

语法专练四　定语从句
一、单句填空
1.(2015福建,34)China
Today
attracts
a
worldwide
readership,　　　shows
that
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
want
to
learn
about
China.
2.(2014天津,12)English
is
a
language
shared
by
several
diverse
cultures,each
of　　　
uses
it
differently.
3.(2014山东,10)A
company　　　profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad.
4.(2014重庆,9)We’ll
reach
the
sales
targets
in
a
month　　　we
set
at
the
beginning
of
the
year.
5.(2014北京,26)I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,　　　my
classmates
recommended
to
me.
6.(2014浙江,5)I
didn’t
become
a
serious
climber
until
the
fifth
grade,　　　I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree.
7.(2014福建,31)Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities　　　they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
8.(2014安徽,22)The
exact
year　　　Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
was
2008.
9.(2014湖南,31)I
am
looking
forward
to
the
day　　　my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her.
10.(2014江西,28)Among
the
many
dangers　　　
sailors
have
to
face,probably
the
greatest
of
all
is
fog.
11.(2013辽宁,34)He
may
win
the
competition,in
　　　
case
he
is
likely
to
get
into
the
national
team.
12.(2013课标Ⅱ,4)When
I
arrived,Bryan
took
me
to
see
the
house　　　I
would
be
staying.
13.(2013北京,27)Many
countries
are
now
setting
up
national
parks　　　animals
and
plants
can
be
protected.
14.(2013重庆,24)John
invited
about
40
people
to
his
wedding,most
of　　　are
family
members.
15.(2013福建,27)The
book
tells
stories
of
the
earthquake
through
the
eyes
of
those　　　lives
were
affected.
16.(2013湖南,21)Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those　　　are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
17.(2013江西,33)He
wrote
a
letter　　　he
explained
what
had
happened
in
the
accident.
二、语法填空
　　阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There
was
a
time　1　I
was
tired
of
learning
English
and
disliked
to
speak
English.And
this
was
the
reason　2　my
father
forced
me
to
join
in
a
30-day
training
in
an
English
club
before
I
went
to
senior
high
school.When
I
first
came
to
the
club,　3　I
met
many
strangers,I
missed
my
parents
very
much.So
I
packed
up
my
things
and
wanted
to
go
home.Fortunately,my
guide,　4　is
my
teacher
Yu
Minhong,communicated
with
me
face
to
face,from　5　I
gained
some
useful
instructions.He
also
showed
me
a
good
partner,and
we
got
along
well
with
each
other.Gradually
I
adapted
to
the
life
there.Every
day
I
would
like
to
talk
to
other
teenagers
and
set
down
a
series
of
activities　6　we
did.I
should
be
grateful
to
my
father
and
the
guide,　7　encouraged
me
to
fall
in
love
with
English.Now
I
feel
it
interesting
to
learn
English,into　8　I
put
my
entire
energy.Every
day
I
read
my
words
and
passages
aloud.In
class
I
join
in
English
discussions.Before
I
go
to
sleep,I
recall
the
passages,through　9　I
can
memorize
a
large
number
of
new
words.　10　our
English
teacher
says,“As
long
as
you
form
the
habit
of
learning
English
every
day
and
have
perseverance,you
will
conquer
English
sooner
or
later.”
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　
三、短文改错
　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear
Mary,
Our
city
had
changed
a
lot
in
the
past
5
years.Firstly,more
high
buildings
have
appeared,that
are
modern
and
beautiful.Many
overpasses
have
set
up,so
it
has
become
very
convenient
for
people
to
travel.However,many
families
have
got
car
of
their
own.The
people’s
life
here
has
become
rich
or
colorful.People
can
enjoy
themselves
travelling
on
the
holiday.To
my
delighted,I
can
taste
delicious
food
of
different
countries.And
now
it
is
easy
for
me
to
keep
touch
with
you
than
before,for
I
can
email
you
in
my
office.
Yours,
Christine
答案全解全析
一、单句填空
1.which
　句意:《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为设空处前的一句话,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故答案为which。
2.which　句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。设空处前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故后面部分应为定语从句,又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,所以填which。
3.whose　句意:从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可以去国外寻找机会。本题考查定语从句。先行词为company,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The
company’s
profits
from
home
markets
are
declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。
4.which/that　句意:一个月以后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。在本句中,先行词是the
sales
targets,关系代词在定语从句中作set的宾语,所以填关系代词which/that。
5.
which　句意:我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》这本书,这是我的同学推荐给我的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为the
book
Sherlock
Holmes,从句中recommended后缺少宾语,故填关系代词which。
6.when　句意:我直到五年级才成为一个真正攀登者,那时,我爬到树上去拿一个被挂在树枝上的风筝。在本句中,先行词为the
fifth
grade,设空处在定语从句中作时间状语,故填when。
7.
where　句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词community
activities代入定语从句后为:They
can
gain
experience
for
growth
from
the
community
activities.由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
8.
which/that　句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是2008年。在本句中,先行词是the
exact
year,关系词在定语从句中作spent
的宾语,故填which/that。
9.
when　句意:我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。在本句中,先行词为the
day,关系词在从句中充当时间状语,故填when。
10.which/that　句意:在海员们不得不面对的许多危险中,最大的危险很可能是雾。在本句中,先行词为dangers,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Sailors
have
to
face
the
dangers.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作face的宾语,且指“物”,故填which/that。
11.which　句意:他有可能赢得这次比赛,假使那样的话,他有希望进入国家队。句子可改为:He
may
win
the
competition,and
in
that
case
he
is
likely
to
get
into
the
national
team.去掉并列连词and,用which替换that后变为一个非限制性定语从句。
12.where　句意:在我到达后,Bryan带我去看了我将要住的房子。先行词the
house表示地点,还原到定语从句中为:I
would
be
staying
in
the
house.故应使用关系副词where引导定语从句。
13.where　句意:很多国家现在都在建立国家公园,在那里动植物能够受到保护。先行词为national
parks,代入定语从句后为:In
the
national
parks
animals
and
plants
can
be
protected.故使用表示地点的关系副词where引导定语从句。
14.whom　句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前,且先行词指人时,从句中关系代词只能使用whom。
15.whose　句意:这本书从生活遭受地震影响的人们的视角来讲述地震的故事。将先行词those代入定语从句后为:The
lives
of
those
were
affected.由此可知先行词在从句中和lives是所属关系,从句中缺少定语,故填whose。
16.who　句意:幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.由此可见,先行词在定语从句中作主语,且表示“人”,故用who。本题易误填that。当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等时,用who不用that。
17.where　句意:他写了一封信,信中他解释了事故中发生了什么。将先行词letter代入定语从句后为:He
explained
what
had
happened
in
the
accident
in
the
letter.由此可知从句中缺少状语,应该用关系副词where。
二、语法填空
[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,叙述了作者参加英语俱乐部的难忘经历。在那里作者遇到了一位好老师,那位老师使作者对英语学习产生了兴趣。作者还养成了学习英语的好习惯。
1.when　句意:有一段时间,我厌倦了学英语并且不喜欢说英语。There
was
a
time
when...有一段时间……。
2.why　This
is/was
the
reason
why这就是……的原因。
3.where　先行词是the
club,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
4.who　先行词为my
guide,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,故用who引导。
5.whom　先行词为my
guide;关系词在定语从句中作from的宾语,故填whom。
6.that/which　先行词是activities,将先行词代入定语从句后为:We
did
the
activities.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语,故用that或which引导。
7.who　先行词为my
father
and
the
guide,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“人”,所以用who引导。
8.which　先行词为English,关系词在定语从句中作介词into的宾语,且介词into已被提前,故填which。
9.which　句意:每天入睡前我总是回忆所学的文章,通过这种方法,我能记住大量的生词。关系词在定语从句中作介词through的宾语,且介词已被提前,故用which引导。
10.As　句意:正如我们英语老师所说的:“只要你们养成每天学英语的习惯并且坚持不懈,你们迟早会征服英语。”非限制性定语从句置于句首,后面引号内直接引语的内容为先行词,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,故需用as引导。
三、短文改错
1.第一句:had→has　根据时间状语in
the
past
5
years可知此处应该用现在完成时。
2.第二句:that→which　关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句,应该用which引导。
3.第三句:have后加been　主语与谓语动词之间应该是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。
4.第四句:However→Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/Additionally　根据语境可知前后两句之间不是转折关系,而是并列或递进关系。
5.第四句:car→cars或car前加a　根据语境可知此处的可数名词car应该用复数形式或在前面加不定冠词a。
6.第五句:or→and　此处两个并列形容词应该用and连接,意为:既富裕又丰富多彩。
7.第六句:去掉定冠词the　固定搭配on
holiday。
8.第七句:delighted→delight　固定搭配to
my
delight“令我高兴的是”。
9.第八句:easy→easier　根据题干中的than
before可知此处应该用形容词easy的比较级形式。
10.第八句:keep后加in　固定搭配keep
in
touch
with
sb.与某人保持联系。