2017广东中考英语课件(第二部分语法专题研究专题九_非谓语动词)（1份打包）

课件62张PPT。第二部分 语法专题研究 专题九 非谓语动词
（必考：每年1~2道，1~2分；单选、短文填空） 中考试练 省卷6年真题(2011~2016)
1.　（2016省卷36题）Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ____ an Oscar and finally he made it.
to win B. winning
C. not to win D. not winningA 一【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥， 一个美国著名的演员，总是期望________奥斯卡金奖，最后他做到了。 expect (not) to do 期望(不)做某事。根据语境应该是期望获得奥斯卡金奖。故选A。 2. (2015省卷39题）We advise parents ____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
not leave B. not to leave
C. leave D. to leaveB 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们建议父母为了让孩子们远离危险，________他们的孩子单独在家。根据句意可知，是不要留下他们的孩子单独在家。advise sb. not to do sth.意为“建议某人不要做某事”。故选B。3. (2014省卷43题）In order ____ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
not to be late B. not being late
C. to be late D. being lateA 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了开会________，我妹妹强迫自己今天早晨早点起床。根据固定词组in order to及语境可知，应用动词不定式的否定形式in order not to do。故选A。4. (2013省卷41题）—I didn’t hear you come in just now.
—That ’ s good. We tried _____ any noise, for you were sleeping.
not make B. not to make
C. to make D. makingB 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意“刚才我没有听到你们进来。”“那就好，我们尽量________任何噪音，因为你正在睡觉。”try to do 尽力做某事；try doing 尝试做某事。根据句意可知此处要用try to do，且为否定，not在不定式前。故选B。 5. (2012省卷44题）It took me two weeks _____reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
finish B. to finish
C. finishes D. finishingB 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：读完郭敬明的小说花了我两周时间。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”。故选B。 6. (2011省卷41题）Try to sing more English songs, you will find it interesting ____ a foreign language.
A. learning B. learns C. learn D. to learnD【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尝试去唱更多的英文歌曲，你会发现学习一门外语很有趣。find it＋adj.＋to do sth.发现做某事怎么样。故选D。 创新猜押
8. My parents always tell me _____ more vegetables and fruit.
A. eat B. eating C. eats D. to eatD 二【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的父母总是告诉我________更多的蔬菜和水果。tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故选D。 9. —Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child?
—Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret ____ that silly thing to my mum.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. didC 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意“当你是个小孩子的时候，你和你母亲顶嘴吗？”“是的，但是现在我知道我错了。我真的后悔对母亲________那样愚蠢的事情。”regret doing sth.后悔做过某事，为固定用法。故选C。 10. Martin was so busy ____ the old that he gave up his part-time job.
A. helping B. helped C. to help D. helpA 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：马丁如此忙碌地________ 老人以至于他放弃了兼职工作。be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，为固定用法。故选A。 11. My parents didn’t allow me ____ to the party. It annoyed me.
A. go B. to go C. goes D. wentB 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的父母不允许我聚会。这让我很生气。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”为固定用法。故选B。 12. In this school， students are asked ____mobile phones.
not to use B. not using
C. not use D. to not useA 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这所学校里，学生们________手机。ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事，其否定形式为ask sb. not to do sth.，主语与谓语动词是动宾关系，用被动语态。形式为sb. be asked not to do sth.。故选A。 13. Sandy went to the shopping mall ___ some clothes and school things.
A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buyingC 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：桑迪去了那家大型购物中心________衣服和学习用品。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 14. Sarah, you’d better drink more water after ____ for such a long time.
A. run B. runs C. to run D. runningD 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：莎拉，在________了这么长时间后，你最好多喝水。after在此为介词，介词后面接动名词。故选D。 15. If all of us pull together, there must be something we can do _____ the environment.
improve B. to improve
C. improving D. improved B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我们所有人都齐心协力，我们一定能为改善环境做点什么。动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 16. I was tired out, so I stopped the car ____ a short rest.
A. have B. having C. to have D. hadC 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我太累了，所以停下车_____ 短暂休息。stop to do sth.停下来正在做的事去做另一件事，为固定搭配。故选C。 18. Don’t forget _____ it to me when you finish reading the book.
to bring B. bringing
C. Bring D. broughtA 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在读完这本书时不要忘记 给我。forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”， forget doing sth.意为“忘记曾经做过某事”，由句意可知，不要忘记读完书后把书带给我。故选A。 19. I will try my best to stop my son from ____ the same mistake.
A. make B. made C. makes D. makingD 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我将尽我最大的努力阻止我儿子同样的错误。stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，故选D。 20. People around the world can hardly avoid ____ products made in China.
not buying B. not to buy
C. to buy D. buyingD 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为：世界各地的人们几乎都避免不了________中国制造的产品。”avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”，为固定搭配，排除B、C项，根据句意可知，人们应该是避免不了购买中国制造的产品，前面有hardly，表示否定，双重否定表肯定，排除A。故选D。21. The joke was so funny that it made him ____again and again.
laugh B. to laugh
C. laughed D. laughsA 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个笑话如此有趣，逗得他不停地________。make是使役动词，make sb.＋动词原形“使得某人……”，故选A。 23. It’s very nice of you ____ my parents your best wishes.
A. to send B. sending C. send D. sendA 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你________我父母最好的祝福，真是太好了。It is ＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.某人做某事怎么了。故选A。 满分突破 广东近6年中考对非谓语动词的考查主要在单项填空中进行，以考查动词不定式作宾语为主，偶尔考查动词不定式作宾补、目的状语和主语的用法。当涉及的四个选项为同一词，且属于以下两种设置的任何一种时，我们可以判定考查非谓语：①四个选项两两形式一致，但意思相反（如：to win; winning；not to win; not winning），②同一词的不同形式（如：finish; to finish; finishes; finishing）。然后根据语境和固定用法选择正确的非谓语形式。◆动词不定式
1. 做主语（2012.44）：不定式作主语，相当于名词或代词的作用，往往用形式主语it代替，而将不定式后置。
如：To learn a foreign language is not easy.=It is not easy to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语并不容易。it代替不定式作形式主语的句型
It+be+形容词+不定式:It’s hard to say which one is better.很难说哪一个更好。
It+be+名词+不定式:It was great fun to have a picnic there.在那里野餐很有意思。
It+动词+名词/副词+不定式:It took me two hours to finish my homework.完成作业花了我两个小时的时间。 2. 做宾语（2016.36,2013.41,2011.41）：不定式一般用在及物动词后作宾语。其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置。
如：I hope to see her soon.我希望很快见到她。
She wants to go to university some day.她想有朝一日去上大学。 We found it difficult to cross the river.我们发现过河有困难。
（it是形式宾语，不定式to cross the river是真正的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语）常接不定式作宾语的动词
expect期望（2016.36）try尽力（2013.41）agree同意ask要求choose选择dare敢decide决定help帮助plan计划hope希望offer提供arrange安排need需要promise许诺refuse拒绝manage成功prepare准备want想wish希望afford承担起fail失败hope希望prefer更喜欢 3. 作补足语:在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中，不定式作宾语补足语。变为被动语态时，宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语。
如：They asked him to sing a pop song at the party.他们请他在晚会上唱一首流行歌曲。
She wants her brother to go to university.她想要她弟弟去上大学。 He invited his classmates to take part in his party.他邀请他的同学参加他的聚会。
常接不定式作宾补的动词
advise建议（2015.39）allow允许ask要求force强迫help帮助invite邀请persuade说服teach教want想要wish希望tell告诉 4. 作状语（2014.43）：不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的和结果等。
如：I’m sorry to hear you were ill.听说你病了，我很难过。
To arrive on time, he got up very early.为了按时到达，他很早就起床了。
She is old enough to travel all by herself.她已经到了可以独自去旅行的年龄了。动词不定式常见句型
① too...to...“太……而不能……”。如：
The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小而不能照顾他自己。
② enough to...“足够……”如：He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大可以上学了。③ Why don’t you + do？=Why not +do？“为什么不做……呢？”如：
Why don’t you buy her a photo album? =Why not buy her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？
④ had better + (not) + do“最好（不）做某事”如：You’d better not stay there today. 你今天最好别待在那儿。
⑤ Would you please + do?“你能做……吗？”如：Would you please close the door? 你能把门关上吗？
⑥ prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如：
She prefers to receive a small and meaningful gift rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。◆动名词（广东近6年中考，没有涉及动名词的考点，但学生依然需要掌握一些固定搭配）stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try to do sth. 设法或努力去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘了做过某事（已做）
forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（未做）remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做）
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（未做） regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔（已做）
regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事