课件32张PPT。2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)课件22张PPT。2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)2017年中考英语命题研究(贵阳专版)专题一 名词
贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势
编者按:系统分析贵阳近5年试题,重点是单项选择、完形填空、词语运用题,逐命题点统计考查频次,表格直观呈现,并在各命题后批注考情,便于快速把握重点,逐一攻克。
考纲要求
1.可数名词及其单复数 2.不可数名词 3.专有名词 4.名词所有格
考查点
年份
题号
选项设置
分值
名词词
义辨析
2016
40
sister's/sister/sisters'
1分
62
food/money/wallet
1分
67
danger/safety/energy
1分
69
activities/groups/persons
1分
70
health/ocean/industry
1分
2015
56
the beautiful places/their__hometowns/the big cities
1分
57
much__time/much money/much food
1分
59
tall buildings/new__schools/big factories
1分
45
pictures
1分
2014
31
oranges/potato/tomatoes
1分
57
door/wall/window
1分
62
my__key/the ladder/the door bell
1分
65
monkey/man/horse
1分
66
friends/monkeys/changes
1分
68
himself/the__stick/the teacher
1分
2013
31
students/doctors/workers
1分
38
two weeks/three hours/four__miles
1分
60
pictures/stores/prices
1分
63
ideas/news/keys
1分
69
work/fun/money
1分
70
time/advice/stress
1分
2012
34
oranges/tomatoes/broccoli
1分
56
coffee/water/tea
1分
66
friend/driver/dentist
1分
67
invitation/gift/idea
1分
33
five minute's/five__minutes'/five minutes
1分
名词
单复数
2016
86
time→times
1分
2015
88
river→rivers picture→pictures
1分
90
information→information
1分
2014
91
ear→ears
1分
2013
81
foot→feet
1分
分析贵阳近5年中考真题可以看出,名词为单项选择题的必考点,且近两年偏向名词词义在语境中的辨析,句子设置的语境贴近学生生活实际。对名词单复数的考查会和词义辨析结合,注重对语境的考查。对名词所有格的考查也会和单复数结合,侧重于不规则变化的名词复数。设题形式均为简单句,以两个单句为主,一个句子提供语境,另一个句子设题,词数在9~12个。另外,完形填空和词语运用中也会涉及对名词的考查,完形填空侧重考查名词的词义辨析,而词语运用则侧重对名词单复数的所有格以及名词与其他同类的辨析的考查。
预测2017年贵阳中考的单项选择仍会考查名词词义辨析题,且与语境紧密结合。完形填空也会涉及2~3道名词词义辨析题,且与上下文语境相结合。词语运用中考查名词变复数的可能性较大。
贵阳中考重难点突破
名词名词的
分类专有名词
普通名词可数名词个体名词
集体名词
不可数名词物质名词
抽象名词
名词
的数可数名词单数
复数规则变化
不规则变化
不可数名词
名词的所有格's所有格的构成及用法
of所有格的构成及用法
双重所有格
名词的句法作用名词作主语、宾语、表语
名词作定语、同位语、补语、
状语
名词辨析
【满分点拨】
分析贵阳中考近几年单选和完形对名词辨析的考查,主要以语境辨析和近义词辨析为主。
1.语境辨析
分析贵阳中考近几年单选和完形,名词辨析侧重于对语境辨析的考查,同时较少涉及单复数、固定搭配。学生在做题时,首先应读懂句意,抓住题干中关键信息,并分析各个选项的意思,结合日常生活的常识及语境,即可选出正确答案。
2.近义词辨析
近义名词在贵阳中考中没有涉及,老师可根据以下所列常见近义名词适当补充。
1.family,home,house与room
2.noise,sound与voice
3.question与problem
4.work与job
5.message,information与news
6.village,city与countryside
7.clothes,cloth与clothing
8.photo,picture与drawing
9.population与people
10.road,street,path与way
11.exercise,exercises与practice
12.class与lesson
13.country,nation,state与land
14.police与policeman
15.trip,journey,travel与tour
【考点抢测】
( C )1.If Peter comes to us by any chance,please ask him to leave a ________.
A.letter B.sentence C.message
( C )2.If you go to visit London,don't forget to bring your ________. Because it rains a lot.
A.passport B.money C.umbrella
( A )3.It's your ________ as a teacher to protect your students.
A.duty B.hobby C.habit
( B )4.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ________.
A.knowledge B.energy
C.change
( A )5.It's a good ________ to have breakfast every morning.
A.habit B.job C.menu
( C )6.I want to write for international ________ to become a writer.
A.chairs B.computers C.magazines
( C )7.The Internet is very useful. We can get a lot of ________ from it.
A.things B.questions
C.information
( B )8.Lin Shuhao is one of the best basketball ________ in NBA.
A.actors B.players C.writers
( B )9.Please pick me up at the ________. My plane arrives at 8:00 a.m..
A.hotel B.airport C.museum
( B )10.With the help of his friends,he changed a lot. Maybe that's the ________ of friendship.
A.station B.power C.decision
( B )11.I will stay at ________ when the summer holiday comes.
A.house B.home C.family
( A )12.It's kind of you to offer your ________ to the old in the bus.
A.seat B.space C.place
( C )13.—I'm sorry I went out for a smoke.I was so tired.
—There's no ________ for this while you are at work.
A.cause B.reason C.excuse
( C )14.Now there are more and more new drivers,but they haven't got a correct ________ of direction.
A.idea B.feeling C.sense
( B )15.The environment is getting worse and worse,so we have to face this ________ right now.
A.question B.problem
C.issue
名词的数
【满分点拨】
1.名词的分类
类别
意义
例词
专有名词
表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词
Alice,Canada,the Great Wall
普通名词
可
数
名
词
个体名词
表示个体的人或事物的词
book,desk,table,bike,plane
集体名词
表示一群人或一些事物的词
family,class,police,team,group
不
可
数
名
词
物质名词
表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词
glass,water,air,paper,wood
抽象名词
表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概念的词
danger,health,love,success,interest
2.可数名词单复数变化规律
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
加-s
cap→caps;dog→dogs;bike→bikes;driver→drivers
以字母s,sh,ch,x等结尾
加-es
bus→buses;wish→wishes;watch→watches;box→boxes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i,再加-es
lady→ladies;century→centuries;family→families;story→stories
续表
情况
构成方法
例词
以f或fe结尾
一般变f,fe为v,再加-es
leaf→leaves;life→lives;half→halves;knife→knives
以o结尾
o前为辅音音素时加-es,o前为元音音素时加-s
tomato→tomatoes;hero→heroes;potato→potatoes;radio→radios;zoo→zoos;例外,photo→photos;piano→pianos
复合名词
将后一个词变为复数
tooth-brush→tooth-brushes;film-goer→film-goers
两部分都变复数
man doctor→men doctors;woman teacher→women teachers
特殊名词
改变内部元音字母
foot→feet;tooth→teeth;man→men;mouse→mice
词尾加-ren
child→children
单复数同形
Chinese→Chinese;sheep→sheep;deer→deer
注意:(1)由man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是把-man改成-men。但German不是合成词,故其复数形式为直接加-s。
(2)man和woman作定语时,其本身的单复数形式与被修饰词的单复数一致。如:
a man teacher→men teachers(男老师)
a woman cook→women cooks(女厨师)
3.常见不可数名词归纳及用法
(1)常见的不可数名词
物质
名词
食物
bread面包 meat肉 cheese奶酪
液体
milk牛奶 water水 wine酒 oil油
自然物体
soil土壤 sand沙子 wood木头
抽象
名词
情感
joy高兴 friendship友情 peace和平
学科
math数学 geography地理
physics物理 chemistry化学
概念
population人口 knowledge知识
(2)不可数名词量化的表示
不可数名词的多少可用以下词组来表示:
a block of一块 a bottle of一瓶
a group of一群 a pair of一组,一双,一对
a piece of一片(张,块) a pile of一堆
短语a pair(piece)of+复数名词作主语时,中心词是pair(piece),故谓语动词用单数;若短语是two pairs(pieces)of+复数名词作主语,则中心词是two pairs(pieces),谓语动词用复数。
(3)可数与不可数易混归纳
exercise(锻炼)→some exercises(练习,训练)
work(工作)→works(著作)
glass(玻璃)→a glass(玻璃杯)
paper(纸)→a paper(报纸,证件,试卷)
wood(木头,木材)→a wood(小树林)
room(空间)→a room(房间)
life(生活)→seven lives(七条生命)
【考点抢测】
一、词语运用。
woman,foot,apple,sheep,glass
1.The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many __sheep____ there.
2.All the __women__ teachers in our school enjoyed themselves on March 8th because it was their own holiday.
3.I'm going to the supermarket to buy some milk and __apples__ this afternoon.
4.Is that pair of __glasses__ a little cheaper?
5.These shoes are too big for my __feet__.
二、单项选择。
( B )6.Hurry up,we just get a few ________ to prepare for the presentation.
A.minute B.minutes C.chance
( A )7.I gave a bunch(束) of ________ to my mom on Mother's Day.
A.flowers B.flower C.flour
( A )8.—Mom,I've heard that we can't eat ________ these days. Is it true?
—Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.
A.chicken B.chickens C.a chicken
( B )9.—Are there any ________ in your school?
—Yes,there are.
A.Germen B.Germans C.German
( C )10.—Do you have any ________?
—Yes,I like chess and drama best.
A.jobs B.hobby C.hobbies
名词所有格
【满分点拨】
含有and的所有格
用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示两人共同拥有某物,这时只在最后一个名词后加's,用A and B's表示。如:
Mrs.King is Lucy and Lily's mother.金女士是露西和莉莉的母亲。
用and连接两个并列名词,表示分别拥有各自的物品时,两个名词都在词尾加's,用A's and B's表示。如:
There are Tom's and Mary's bags.这些是汤姆和玛丽的包。
双重所有格两种形式
of+名词所有格。如:
He is a friend of my brother's.他是我哥哥的一个朋友。
of+名词性物主代词。如:
Is she a daughter of yours?她是你的一个女儿吗?
【考点抢测】
1.One of my __classmates'__ (classmate)homework wasn't handed in today.
2.—When is __Children's__ Day?
—It's on June 1st,Dave.(child)
( B )3.—How far is your home from school?
—It's about two ________ walk.
A.hours B.hours'
C.hour's
( A )4.On the weekend,________ is so crowded that I can not find my friend.
A.the center of the city
B.city's center
C.city's and center's
( B )5.Mary is ________,so please treat her as yours.
A.a friend of me B.a friend of mine
C.a friend of you
专题一 名词
( C )1.(2016天津中考)Every year many foreign friends come to see the ________of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River.
A.plays B.cartoons C.sights
( A )2.(2016重庆中考)—It's hot today. Have some ________, please.
—No, thanks.I'm not thirsty at all.
A.water B.potatoes C.bread
( B )3.(2016河南中考)—Are you going out with Jade tonight?
—That's my ________. Mind your own!
A.offer B.business
C.question
( B )4.(2016河北中考)Your ________is very helpful. I guess I'll take it.
A.secret B.advice
C.promise
( A )5.(2016南通中考)—What do you think of our hotel?
—Good!I'm especially satisfied with the high________of your service.
A.level B.speed C.praise
( A )6.(2016广东中考)The broken ________ may cut into your hand if you touch it. You should be careful.
A.glass B.glasses C.candle
( C )7.(2016 南宁中考)These ________ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.
A.man B.woman
C.women
( B )8.(2016宜宾中考)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ________ in Sichuan.
A.city B.cities C.citys
( A )9.(2016铜仁中考)—What would you like to eat?
—Some ________,please.
A.bread B.cake C.coffee
( B )10.(2015兰州中考)You paid ¥10 for ________this morning.
A.4 bottle milks
B.4 bottles of milk
C.4 bottles of milks
( A )11.(2015苏州中考)None of them talked.They finished their meal in________.
A.silence B.order C.place
( C )12.(2015黄冈中考)—What's your favorite,Jim?
—My favorite is ________.I often listen to it on MP3.
A.sports B.dance C.music
( B )13.(2015河南中考)—Is this photo taken in Tibet?
—Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountain in the ________ photo.
A.form B.background
C.shape
( B )14.(2015黔西南中考)Nowadays schools should care for the full ________ of a student's talents.
A.satisfaction B.development
C.communication
( B )15.(2015济南中考)I'm a little hungry now.I only drank some ________ before I came to school.
A.bread B.milk
C.banana
( B )16.(2015宁夏中考)—Listen! Who is singing?
—It's Betty.She has a sweet ________.
A.sound B.voice
C.noise
( C )17.(2015石家庄20中中考模拟)There are fifty ________ in our school.They are all friendly to us.
A.woman teachers
B.women teacher
C.women teachers
( C )18.(2015张家口10中中考模拟)—You look so young! How old are you?
—Aha! It's a________.
A.suggestion B.reason
C.secret
( C )19.(2015保定中考模拟)The customers are pleased with the________ of the restaurant.
A.balance B.experience
C.service
( A )20.(2017中考预测)Knowledge can help open up the ________ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.
A.students' B.student's
C.students
( B )21.(2017中考预测)—What are you going to do when you grow up?
—My ________ is to become an astronaut.
A.hobby B.dream
C.job
( A )22.(2015武威中考)He has a collection of________.He can not only enjoy them but also use them to mail letters.
A.stamps B.novels
C.instruments
( B )23.—Are all the students from________in your class?
—No,there are only 3________in our class.The others are from other countries.
A.Germany;Germen
B.Germany;Germans
C.German;Germans