定语从句高考考点分析
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定语从句考点分析
考点一、引导词
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
分类项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 考点分析
三要素 先行词，引导词，从 句 先行词，引导词，从 句 引导词始终是高考必考的焦点。
做主语的引导词 that, which, who, as which, who ，as that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
做宾语的引导词 that，whom/who,which whom/who,which 在限制性定语从句中，引导词作宾语时可以省略，但其前面被介词修饰时不可以。从句中的介词提到引导词前时，指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。which可代替主句一句话所说的内容，引导非限制性定语从句表示主句造成的结果，
as as 在限制性定语从句中，先行词被such, as, so, the same 修饰时，用as引导；在非限制性定语从句中，as意为“正如”，只有as代替主句一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句可放置主句句首。
作定语的引导词 whose, whose, 做前置定语
of which/whom of which/whom 做后置定语
做时间状语的引导词 when when 当先行词为表示时间的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
做原因状语的引导词 why why 当先行词为表示原因的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
做地点状语的引导词 where where 当先行词为表示地点的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
经典定语从句背诵：
1. Yesterday she sold her car, which she bought a month ago.
2. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.
3. The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
4. They will fly to Washington, where they plan to stay for two or three days.
5.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expected.
6. As is well known, paper was first invented by the Chinese.
Allen came late to the class again, which made the teacher angry.
7. Is this the school where you studied 3 years ago
Is this school the one you visited 3 days ago
8. We will never forget the days (that) we spent together.
We will never forget the days when we worked together.
9. Occasions are quite rare, when I have time to spend a day with my kids.
10. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above which appeared a rainbow soon.
11. We are having our English class in the classroom whose doors face north.
We are having our English class in the classroom the doors of which face north.
12. His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.
13. We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
14. The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
15. That is the most exciting moment, one (that) I will never forget.（使用定语从句，必须有先行词，本句中虽然有先行词，但that不可以引导非限制性定语从句，所以that前加one做moment的同位语）
考点二、介词与关系代词连用
作介词与关系代词连用的习题时，要看两点：一看先行词前需要什么介词，二看定语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。最简单的方式就是将定语从句还原成一个独立的句子，结果就一目了然。如：
1、The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （定语从句还原就是：The bridge is supposed to be built at the place. 这样就可以判断引导词需要介词at。也可以看先行词the place前需要介词at进行判断。）
2、I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction from which she had come.（从句还原就是：She had come from the direction，所以定语从句用from which 引导。）
3、There was a single person in the street to whom she turned for help.(从定语从句的谓语动词turn可构成词组turn to sb. for help就可以判断应该填to whom。)
4、The man about whom I talked just now is from Beijing University.(根据定语从句的谓语动词talk判断后需要of或about，因此此处需要about/of whom)
考点三、从句中的主谓一致
当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词必须与先行词保持一致，这时引导词与谓语动词的数无关。如：
1. Tom is the only one of the workers in our company who has won a nation-wide fame.(汤姆是我们公司唯一一个赢得国家荣誉的工人。先行词为the only one。)
2. Tom is one of the workers in our company who have won nation-wide fames.(汤姆是我们公司赢得国家荣誉的工人之一。先行词为the workers。)
3. I, who am your friend for ever, will never turn against you. (我，你永远的朋友，永远也不会背叛你。先行词为I。)
考点四、几种特殊的定语从句
1、 the way 和the time的定语从句的引导词一般用that引导，可以省略。如：
(1).I think the way (that) he told me is the best.我认为他告诉我的方法是最好的。
(2).It is time that we began to work hard.到了我们开始努力工作的时间了。
2、 定语从句中含有插入语时，做题时可将插入语直接去掉，题目就简单明了。如：
We feed the children who we think are hungry.我们喂了那些我们认为饥饿的孩子。
This is the man who I believe is very honest.这就是那个我认为很诚实的人。
说明： 常用于插入语的动词有：believe, think, suppose, guess, say 等等。
考点五、分隔式定语从句。
定语从句有时不直接跟在先行词的后面，中间由一个定语、状语、谓语隔开。如：
(1).The days are gone when the Chinese people were looked down upon.
(2). Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace from you （你记得我来到贵府借一个钻石项链10年前的一天下午吗？）
(3). There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.我不能理解他眼中所表达的东西。
六、09高考与定语从句
1. Whenever I met her, ___ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.(山东卷，24)
A. who B. which C. when D. that
2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ___ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan fro one night.(江苏卷，23)
A. if B. when C. which D. since
3. She brought with her three friends, none of ___ I had ever met before.（海南、宁夏卷，全国卷I）
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
4. I have reached a pointed in my life ___ I’m supposed to make decisions of my own.（浙江卷，14）
A. which B. where C. how D. why
5. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can see themselves differently.（福建卷，24）
A. that B. when C. which D. where
6. Many children, _____ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.（安徽卷，30）
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
7. A person ___ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.（天津卷，5）
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
8. I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.（天津卷，14）
A. as B. which C. when D. though
9. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have good argued for a long time.（陕西卷，11）
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
10. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ____ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.（湖南卷，26）
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
11. ---What do you think of teaching, Bob
---I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.（北京卷，26）
A. where B. which C. when D. that
七、命题特点：
1、 定语从句引导词与代词的用法混淆考查。
2、 定语从句引导词与状语从句的连接词混淆考查，特别是where和when。
3、 as和which引导非限制性定语从句的考查。
4、 连接词that/which/what的辨析。
5、 引导词whose/where/that和介词+关系代词的考查。
6、 where引导的定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句的辨析。
7、 定语从句和强调句型的辨析。
八、答案分析：
1.B．which可以引导非限制性定语从句，指主句一句话所说的内容，在从句中作主语。
2. B。先行词在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，所以用when。
3. C。根据句中的标点符号指导，本句后一部分是一个非限制性定语从句。故排除不能引导定语从句的A和D。又因关系代词在从句中代指人，作介词of的宾语，故选C。
4. B。 句意：我已经达到了一个关键地步，我应该作出自己的决定。where在此处引导定语从句，修饰point。
5. D。 a situation后面的从句起修饰作用，应为定语从句。而从句中不缺少主语或宾语，所以不能用which，that。却表示地点的副词作状语，用where正确。
6. B。whose做定语，修饰parents。
7. C。 whose作从句中的定语，修饰前面的person。
8. A。as正如，引导非限制性定语从句。
9. C。从句中的argue with sb about/over sth. ,根据这个结构就可以判断答案。
10. D。句意为：我出生在新奥尔良，一想到他的名字，我的脑海就会浮现出一幅草绿树美的画面。whose在从句中作定语修饰name。
11. A。句意：---鲍勃，你认为教学怎么样？---有趣又富有挑战性。它是一份严肃又有趣的工作。where引导定语从句说明a job是一种什么样的工作。
强 调 句 型
对句子中的主语、宾语、状语进行强调的句型就是强调句型。
一、强调句型结构表
强调成分 句子结构 例句
主语 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who +…。 It is I who am your closest friend.
宾语 It was the factory that you visited last year.
状语 It is because he is ill that we shall pay a visit him .
疑问词 Where/When…+is/was + it + that/who +… When is it that the traffic accident happened
一 般疑问句 Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who +…。 Is it in this way that we can solve the problem
否定句 It is/ wasn’t + 被强调部分 + that/who+…。 It wasn’t last Saturday that I met Mr. Scott.
not …until…的强调结构 It is/was not until …that…. (1).It was not until his father finished his work that he went to sleep.(2). It is not until tomorrow that we can see the torch go through our hometown.
二、其他表示强调的方式：
1. 在祈使句句首加do表示强调。如：
Do be more careful next time.下次务必更加细心。
2. 在一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中加do，does，did 或否定句中do/does/did +not(不缩写)表示强调。如：
(1). Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give regards to films from other countries.
许多电影来自美国，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。
(2). He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.上周日，他确实来过，你不在。
(3). The boy does not know the truth of the accident.那孩子确实不知道事实的真相。
三、高考中的强调句型：
1. It was ____ he came back from Africa that year ___ he met the girl he would like to marry.(09江西卷，27)
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
2. It was along the Mississippi River ____ Mark Twin spent much of his childhood.(08天津卷，8)
A. how B. which C. that D. where
3. It was in New Zealand ____ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.(08全国卷II，20)
A. that B. how C. which D. when
Answers: CCA
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考点一、引导词
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
分类项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 考点分析
三要素 先行词，引导词，从 句 先行词，引导词，从 句 引导词始终是高考必考的焦点。
做主语的引导词 that, which, who, as which, who ，as that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
做宾语的引导词 that，whom/who,which whom/who,which 在限制性定语从句中，引导词作宾语时可以省略，但其前面被介词修饰时不可以。从句中的介词提到引导词前时，指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。which可代替主句一句话所说的内容，引导非限制性定语从句表示主句造成的结果，
as as 在限制性定语从句中，先行词被such, as, so, the same 修饰时，用as引导；在非限制性定语从句中，as意为“正如”，只有as代替主句一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句可放置主句句首。
作定语的引导词 whose, whose, 做前置定语
of which/whom of which/whom 做后置定语
做时间状语的引导词 when when 当先行词为表示时间的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
做原因状语的引导词 why why 当先行词为表示原因的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
做地点状语的引导词 where where 当先行词为表示地点的名词，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
经典定语从句背诵：
1. Yesterday she sold her car, which she bought a month ago.
2. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.
3. The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
4. They will fly to Washington, where they plan to stay for two or three days.
5.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expected.
6. As is well known, paper was first invented by the Chinese.
Allen came late to the class again, which made the teacher angry.
7. Is this the school where you studied 3 years ago
Is this school the one you visited 3 days ago
8. We will never forget the days (that) we spent together.
We will never forget the days when we worked together.
9. Occasions are quite rare, when I have time to spend a day with my kids.
10. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above which appeared a rainbow soon.
11. We are having our English class in the classroom whose doors face north.
We are having our English class in the classroom the doors of which face north.
12. His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.
13. We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
14. The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
15. That is the most exciting moment, one (that) I will never forget.（使用定语从句，必须有先行词，本句中虽然有先行词，但that不可以引导非限制性定语从句，所以that前加one做moment的同位语）
考点二、介词与关系代词连用
作介词与关系代词连用的习题时，要看两点：一看先行词前需要什么介词，二看定语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。最简单的方式就是将定语从句还原成一个独立的句子，结果就一目了然。如：
1、The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （定语从句还原就是：The bridge is supposed to be built at the place. 这样就可以判断引导词需要介词at。也可以看先行词the place前需要介词at进行判断。）
2、I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction from which she had come.（从句还原就是：She had come from the direction，所以定语从句用from which 引导。）
3、There was a single person in the street to whom she turned for help.(从定语从句的谓语动词turn可构成词组turn to sb. for help就可以判断应该填to whom。)
4、The man about whom I talked just now is from Beijing University.(根据定语从句的谓语动词talk判断后需要of或about，因此此处需要about/of whom)
考点三、从句中的主谓一致
当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词必须与先行词保持一致，这时引导词与谓语动词的数无关。如：
1. Tom is the only one of the workers in our company who has won a nation-wide fame.(汤姆是我们公司唯一一个赢得国家荣誉的工人。先行词为the only one。)
2. Tom is one of the workers in our company who have won nation-wide fames.(汤姆是我们公司赢得国家荣誉的工人之一。先行词为the workers。)
3. I, who am your friend for ever, will never turn against you. (我，你永远的朋友，永远也不会背叛你。先行词为I。)
考点四、几种特殊的定语从句
1、 the way 和the time的定语从句的引导词一般用that引导，可以省略。如：
(1).I think the way (that) he told me is the best.我认为他告诉我的方法是最好的。
(2).It is time that we began to work hard.到了我们开始努力工作的时间了。
2、 定语从句中含有插入语时，做题时可将插入语直接去掉，题目就简单明了。如：
We feed the children who we think are hungry.我们喂了那些我们认为饥饿的孩子。
This is the man who I believe is very honest.这就是那个我认为很诚实的人。
说明： 常用于插入语的动词有：believe, think, suppose, guess, say 等等。
考点五、分隔式定语从句。
定语从句有时不直接跟在先行词的后面，中间由一个定语、状语、谓语隔开。如：
(1).The days are gone when the Chinese people were looked down upon.
(2). Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace from you （你记得我来到贵府借一个钻石项链10年前的一天下午吗？）
(3). There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.我不能理解他眼中所表达的东西。
六、09高考与定语从句
1. Whenever I met her, ___ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.(山东卷，24)
A. who B. which C. when D. that
2. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ___ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan fro one night.(江苏卷，23)
A. if B. when C. which D. since
3. She brought with her three friends, none of ___ I had ever met before.（海南、宁夏卷，全国卷I）
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
4. I have reached a pointed in my life ___ I’m supposed to make decisions of my own.（浙江卷，14）
A. which B. where C. how D. why
5. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can see themselves differently.（福建卷，24）
A. that B. when C. which D. where
6. Many children, _____ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.（安徽卷，30）
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
7. A person ___ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.（天津卷，5）
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
8. I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.（天津卷，14）
A. as B. which C. when D. though
9. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have good argued for a long time.（陕西卷，11）
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
10. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ____ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.（湖南卷，26）
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
11. ---What do you think of teaching, Bob
---I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.（北京卷，26）
A. where B. which C. when D. that
七、命题特点：
1、 定语从句引导词与代词的用法混淆考查。
2、 定语从句引导词与状语从句的连接词混淆考查，特别是where和when。
3、 as和which引导非限制性定语从句的考查。
4、 连接词that/which/what的辨析。
5、 引导词whose/where/that和介词+关系代词的考查。
6、 where引导的定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句的辨析。
7、 定语从句和强调句型的辨析。
八、答案分析：
1.B．which可以引导非限制性定语从句，指主句一句话所说的内容，在从句中作主语。
2. B。先行词在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，所以用when。
3. C。根据句中的标点符号指导，本句后一部分是一个非限制性定语从句。故排除不能引导定语从句的A和D。又因关系代词在从句中代指人，作介词of的宾语，故选C。
4. B。 句意：我已经达到了一个关键地步，我应该作出自己的决定。where在此处引导定语从句，修饰point。
5. D。 a situation后面的从句起修饰作用，应为定语从句。而从句中不缺少主语或宾语，所以不能用which，that。却表示地点的副词作状语，用where正确。
6. B。whose做定语，修饰parents。
7. C。 whose作从句中的定语，修饰前面的person。
8. A。as正如，引导非限制性定语从句。
9. C。从句中的argue with sb about/over sth. ,根据这个结构就可以判断答案。
10. D。句意为：我出生在新奥尔良，一想到他的名字，我的脑海就会浮现出一幅草绿树美的画面。whose在从句中作定语修饰name。
11. A。句意：---鲍勃，你认为教学怎么样？---有趣又富有挑战性。它是一份严肃又有趣的工作。where引导定语从句说明a job是一种什么样的工作。
强 调 句 型
对句子中的主语、宾语、状语进行强调的句型就是强调句型。
一、强调句型结构表
强调成分 句子结构 例句
主语 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who +…。 It is I who am your closest friend.
宾语 It was the factory that you visited last year.
状语 It is because he is ill that we shall pay a visit him .
疑问词 Where/When…+is/was + it + that/who +… When is it that the traffic accident happened
一 般疑问句 Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who +…。 Is it in this way that we can solve the problem
否定句 It is/ wasn’t + 被强调部分 + that/who+…。 It wasn’t last Saturday that I met Mr. Scott.
not …until…的强调结构 It is/was not until …that…. (1).It was not until his father finished his work that he went to sleep.(2). It is not until tomorrow that we can see the torch go through our hometown.
二、其他表示强调的方式：
1. 在祈使句句首加do表示强调。如：
Do be more careful next time.下次务必更加细心。
2. 在一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中加do，does，did 或否定句中do/does/did +not(不缩写)表示强调。如：
(1). Many of the films are from the USA, but we do give regards to films from other countries.
许多电影来自美国，但我们的确也给其他国家的影片颁奖。
(2). He did come to see you last Sunday, but you were out.上周日，他确实来过，你不在。
(3). The boy does not know the truth of the accident.那孩子确实不知道事实的真相。
三、高考中的强调句型：
1. It was ____ he came back from Africa that year ___ he met the girl he would like to marry.(09江西卷，27)
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
2. It was along the Mississippi River ____ Mark Twin spent much of his childhood.(08天津卷，8)
A. how B. which C. that D. where
3. It was in New Zealand ____ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.(08全国卷II，20)
A. that B. how C. which D. when
Answers: CCA
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