2017年高考英语从句专练（名词性、定语、状语从句）（学案）

2017年高考英语从句专练（学案）
一、名词性从句
做题指导：
1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。
2.连接词的特点：
that没有意义，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；
whether,
if
表“是否”，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；
what,
which,
how,
where,
when,
whatever等，有各自的意义，在从句中担任成分。
3.
that
引导主语、表语、同位语从句时不省略；有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略；引导的宾语从句中含有从句时，也不省略。
4.
介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语；某些动词enjoy,
hate,
have,
like,
love,
appreciate,
take也不能接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语。
如：You
may
rely
on
it
that
he
will
come
on
time.
5.
reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导。
6.doubt
在肯定句中其后的宾语从句常用whether,
if
引导；doubt在否定和疑问句中其后的宾语从句常用that引导。
如：There
is
some
doubt
___whether_______
he
will
come
tomorrow.
7.
与if相比较，whether
引导所有名词性从句，也可用于连接介词后的宾语从句，可以discuss,
decide
后引导宾语从句，还可与or
not
连用。
考题检验
1.
__________
Barbara
Jones
offers
to
her
fans
is
honesty
and
happiness.
2.
There
is
clear
evidence
________
the
most
difficult
feeling
of
all
to
interpret
is
bodily
pain.
3.
World
Aids
day
is
also
important
in
reminding
us
that
HIV
has
not
gone
away,
and
_______
there
are
many
things
still
to
be
done.
4.
News
came
from
the
school
office
_________
Wang
Lin
had
been
admitted
to
Beijing
University.
5.
I
was
close
to
being
killed
the
other
day.
A
car
passed
me
at
________
I
thought
was
a
dangerous
speed.
6.
There
is
no
doubt
_________
John
will
support
you.
7.
Could
I
speak
to
________
is
in
charge
of
International
Sales
please
8.
We
have
offered
her
the
job,
but
I
don’t
know
_________
she
will
accept
it.
9.
Twenty
students
want
to
attend
the
class
that
aims
to
teach
________
to
read
fast.
10.
I
am
afraid
he’s
more
of
a
talker
than
a
doer,
which
is
________
he
never
finish
anything.
11.
As
far
as
I
can
see,
there
is
no
possibility
________
he
will
win
the
tennis
match
this
time.
12.
American
scientists
have
discovered
that
walnut
trees
can
produce
more
than
walnuts.
The
scientists
say
walnut
trees
also
can
make
a
chemical
form
of
the
popular
pain-killing
medicine
aspirin.
The
trees
do
this
under
the
stress
of
disease
1_________
other
threats.
Scientists
say
the
chemical
may
help
the
trees
reduce
damage
from
dry
weather,
unseasonable
temperature
2_______
other
changes
in
the
environment.
The
results
are
important
3__________
presence
of
the
chemical
could
warn
growers
early
4_____
a
tree
is
in
danger.
Growers
could
recognize
a
problem
5________
leaves
on
walnut
trees
die
and
fall
off.
The
scientists
say
the
6________(find)
also
show
that
a
plant
can
communicate
with
other
plants
through
the
atmosphere.
For
example,
a
tree
could
communicate
7_______
it
is
under
attack
from
insects.
8_______
that
information,
a
grower
could
begin
corrective
treatment.
Researchers
9________(know)
for
a
long
time
that
laboratory
plants
may
produce
methyl
salicylate,
aspirin’s
chemical
form.
Aspirin
was
first
made
from
the
bark
covering
on
willow
trees.
10_______
the
researchers
had
never
before
found
methyl
salicylate
in
a
forest.
They
have
not
confirmed
that
trees
could
emit,
11_______
give
out,
large
amounts
of
the
chemical
into
the
atmosphere.
答案：1,what
2.
that
3.
that
4.
that
5.
what
6.that
7.
whoever
8.
whether/if
9.
how
10.
why
11.
that
12(1.
or
2.
and
3,
because/as/since
4.
that
5.
before
6.
findings
7.
when
8.
With
9.
have
known
10.
or
二、定语从句
做题指导
1.
正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。
2.
引导词的特点：
关系代词：which,
that,
who,
whom,
whose；
关系副词when,
where,
why
和that。（略）
that既指人又指物，先行词是everything,
all等或有
the
first,
the
most,
the
very
等修饰时都能用，所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险，但以下情况不能用，切记：
a.
在非限制性定语从句中（从句前面有逗号与主句隔开），用which或who,
whom;
b.
前面有介词时，用which
或whom;
c.
前面的先行词是anyone,
those
时，
用who；
as
和which
可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子（which有时也仅仅指代主句的一个词和一部分）。which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后，as
引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。另外，以下短语几乎成为固定搭配：as
is
often
the
case,
as
is
known
to
all,
as
is
hoped,
as
is
natural,
as
is
reported,
as
has
been
said,
as
we
know。
如：__As_____
is
announced
in
today’s
newspapers,
all
the
schools
will
reopen
on
Sept.
1st.
当先行词为case,
situation,
condition,
point
时，
且从句不缺少主要成分，用where引导；而出现occasion常用when;
关系副词where,
when
有时用作关系代词；
如：He
climbed
up
to
the
top
of
the
temple,
from
where
he
could
see
nothing
but
trees.
which
偶尔也指人，着重于该人的品质，地位，身份，而不是人本身。
如：Her
sister
has
become
a
lawyer,
which
she
wants
to
be.
比较：
a.
There
are
20
people
in
the
bus,
most
of
________
are
boys.
b.
There
are
20
people
in
the
bus,
most
of
________boys.
c.
There
are
20
people
in
the
bus
and
most
of
_______
are
boys.
key:
whom/
them/them
比较：
a.
______
is
known
to
us
all,
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
b.
______
is
known
to
us
all
is
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
c.
______
is
known
to
us
all
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
Key:
As/
What/It
比较：
a.
He
is
one
of
the
students
who
_____
(praise)
by
the
teacher.
b.
He
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
______(praise)
by
the
teacher.
Key:
were
praised/was
praised
比较：
a.
Rose
is
such
a
kind
girl
______
will
surely
give
others
help
if
possible.
b.
Rose
is
such
a
kind
girl
______
she
has
won
a
high
reputation
in
our
class.
Key:as/that
考题检验
1.
There
isn’t
a
moment
________
I’m
not
thinking
of
you.
2.
I
hate
the
way
_______
you
never
look
at
me
when
you
speak
to
me.
3.
Thousands
of
Haitians
cheered
as
the
Chinese
medical
team
arrived,
many
of
_____
even
cried
with
joy.
4.
She
showed
the
visitors
around
the
museum,
the
construction
of
______
had
taken
more
than
three
years.
5.
She
has
married
again,
_______
was
unexpected.
6.
The
Beatles,
_____
many
of
you
are
old
enough
to
remember,
came
from
Liverpool.
7.
It
is
such
a
good
place
______
everybody
wants
to
go
and
visit
______
it
is
well
known
all
over
the
world.
8.
The
book
was
written
in
1946,
_______(during
which/
since
when)
the
education
system
has
witnessed
great
change.
9.
One
of
the
boys
who
_______(be)
my
friends
________(be)
very
good
at
English.
10.
Occasions
are
very
rare
_______
I
have
the
time
to
spend
a
whole
day
with
my
kids.
11.
I
will
put
the
book
_______
you
placed
it
and
make
a
mark
at
the
place
_______
can
be
easily
seen.
12.
It
is
on
the
morning
of
May
first
_______
I
met
Liang
at
the
airport.
13.
Influenza,
or
flu,
is
1______
common
infection
of
the
nose
and
throat,
and
sometimes
the
lungs.
The
cause
is
a
virus
that
passes
from
one
person
to
another.
The
virus
spreads
through
the
air
2_______
an
infected
person
expels
air
suddenly.
Medical
experts
have
identified
three
major
kinds
of
influenza.
They
call
them
type
A,
B
and
C.
Type
C
is
3_______(little)
serious.
People
may
not
even
know
they
have
it.
But
researchers
study
the
4_______
two
kinds
very
closely.
Viruses
change
to
survive.
This
can
make
5______
difficult
for
the
body
to
recognize
and
fight
an
infection.
A
person
6______has
suffered
one
kind
of
flu
develops
the
same
kind
again.
The
body’s
defense
system
produces
antibodies.
These
substances
stay
in
the
blood
and
destroy
the
virus
7_______
it
appears
again.
8_______
the
body
may
not
recognize
a
flu
virus
9________
has
even
a
small
change.
Each
year,
researchers
develop
vaccines(疫苗)
to
prevent
the
spread
of
the
flu
virus.
The
WHO
holds
meetings
in
10_______
experts
discuss
11________
kinds
of
flu
viruses
to
include
in
the
next
vaccine.
Key:
1.
when
2.
that
3.
whom
4.
which
5.
which
6.
which
7.
as
;
that
8.
since
when
9.
are;is
10.
when
11.
where;where
12.
that
13.
(1.
a
2.
when
3.
least
4.
other
5.
it
6.
who
7.
when
8.
But
9.
which/that
10.
which
11.
what
三、状语从句和连词
做题指导
1.
熟悉状语从句的分类，熟悉每个连词的语义和语用特征，尤其是：as,
since的灵活运用；before,
until,
unless,
while,
as,
if,
in
case
这些难以区分的词。
2.
区分常用的含时间状语的句型，如
It’s/It
has
been
+
一段时间+
since…;
It
is/was
+具体时间+
when…;
It
will
be/was
+一段时间+before…;
It
is/was
+
时间状语+
that…
3.
before
sb.
knew
it
(不知不觉)
Before
I
could
say
a
word(还来不及说什么)
before
long(不久以后)
4.
be
on
the
point
of
doing…when…;
be
about
to
do
…when…;
be
doing
…
when…;
had
just
done…
when…;
5.
as
作连词可以表“因为”，“当…时候”，“照..那样”，“尽管”；
表“作为”时是一个介词。
6.
No
sooner…
than…;
Hardly
…
when…;
考题检验
1.
More
often,
it
would
be
better
________
we
don’t
pretend
we
feel
strong
_________
we
are
weak
or
pretend
______
we
are
brave
when
we
are
scared.
2.
______
all
of
them
are
strong
candidates,
only
one
will
be
chosen
for
the
post.
3.
I
usually
do
the
washing-up
and
leave
the
cooking
to
my
wife,
_______
she
is
a
better
cook
than
me.
4.
He
had
no
sooner
finished
his
speech
_______
the
students
started
cheering.
5.
One
Friday,
we
were
packing
to
leave
for
a
weekend
away
_______
my
daughter
heard
a
cry
for
help.
6.
________
football
is
her
main
focus,
she
is
also
great
at
basketball.
7.
Strange
______
it
sounded,
his
idea
was
accepted
by
all
the
people
at
the
meeting.
8.
How
long
do
you
think
it
will
be
________
the
computer
puts
forward
a
new
product
9.
They
notice
that
plants
don’t
grow
well
_________
is
much
shade.
10.
The
girl
sang
happily
_______
she
walked
along
the
lake.
11.
40-year-old
Scott
crossed
the
finishing
line
of
the
London
Marathon
yesterday
1.
_________
walking
for
128
hours
in
a
deep
sea
diver’s
suit
weighing
54
kilos.
He
did
it
2________(raise)
money
for
children
with
cancer.
Mr.
Scott
once
has
suffered
from
cancer
himself
and
has
been
living
under
its
shadow
3________
he
was
27.
4
________
he
was
moving
very
slowly
on
his
way,
his
helpers
were
busy
collecting
money
from
the
public.
Our
hero
spent
five
days
on
the
road
and
the
nights
in
the
camper
van.
When
he
got
to
5______
finish,
he
was
greeted
by
the
Paula
Radcliff,
6.______(win)
of
the
women’s
race
on
Sunday.
“7_____was
very
tiring
because
of
the
weight
of
the
suit,”
said
Mr.
Scott.
“I
often
felt
as
8_______
I
just
couldn’t
go
any
further.
But
I
was
determined
to
finish,
9________
hard
it
was.
And
I
am
pleased
that
I
have
raised
$100,000
for
children
with
cancer.”
But
Mr.
Scott
is
going
to
rest
there.
No
sooner
had
he
finished
the
Marathon
10______
he
was
talking
about
his
next
project
---
a
bike
ride
across
Australia.
Key:
1.
if;
when;that
2.
Though/Although/while
3.
because/as
4.
that
5.
when
6.
Though/While
7.
as/though
8.
before
9.
where
10.
while/as
11.
(1.
after
2.
to
raise
3.
until
4.
when
5.
the
6.
winner
7.
It
8.
if
9.
however
10.
than)
1
/
6