“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的解题秘笈
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| 名称 | “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的解题秘笈 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 14.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2009-12-07 17:23:00 | ||
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“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句解题秘笈
孙爱华
地址：山东莘县明天中学 邮编：252400
很多同学对介词和关系代词连用所引导的定语从句迷惑不解，其实这类定语从句只要抓住两个搭配，问题就迎刃而解。
1、 一看介宾搭配，也就是看先行词前需要什么介词。如：
This is the house in which the famous scientist once lived. 这就是那个著名的科学家住过的房子。（关系代词which前用in就是因为in the house这种介词搭配。引导词就是代替先行词在从句中做成分。）
2、 再看动介搭配，也就是定从中谓语动词后需要什么介词。如：
Do you know the man to whom our professor spoke just now？你认识我们教授刚才和他谈话的那个人吗？（关系代词whom介词to，就是因为定语从句中的动介词搭配speak to。）
三、再将定语从句还原，也就是将引导词换成先行词，定语从句还原就可以判断使用什么介词和关系代词了。如：
He mentioned a book, of which the title I can’t remember.他提到一本书，我想不起来那本书的名字了。（将定语从句还原就是： I can’t remember the title of a book.将a book换成引导词which与of一起提到定语从句句首。）
四、特殊情况：
1. the way, the time的定语从句的引导词常常可以省略。如：
Is this the way you learn foreign languages well.(引导词为in which或that，省略。)
I don’t know the time the crops are harvested every year.(引导词为at which，省略。)
2. whose引导定语从句时可以与“n + of + which/whom”互换。如：
We study in the room whose doors face south.(whose doors =the doors of which)
3. some, any, many, all, both等代词后可跟of which/whom引导非限制性定语从句。如：
Her sons, both of whom work abroad, rang her up this morning.她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早晨给她来了电话。
The buses, many of which had been full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.多数公共汽车上都上满了人，周围是愤怒的群众。
4. 在介词+关系代词这个结构中，which可以代表主句一句话的内容。如：
I was doing my homework at nine, after which I sat reading the evening paper.我在9点钟做作业，在那以后我坐下看晚报了。
5. 当定语从句的先行词是前面的介词短语时，定语从句也可以用“介词+关系副词”来引导。如：The teache stood near the window, from where he could see his students playing outside.老师站在窗户附近，从哪里他可以看到他的学生正在外边玩耍。（near the window是先行词）
解这类题目的方法总结起来就是：
介词和关系代词引定从，
题目解来看似难。
只要你来细分辨，
解答此类试题不难办。
一看先行词前介宾配，
再看定从动介配；
两个搭配不好解，
还原定从是法宝。
请根据上述方法解答下列有关定语从句的练习题。
1.I met a man _____ my grandfather worked 30 years ago.
A. on whom B. with whom C. whom D. with who
2.LiuZige broke the world record of the women 200-meter swimming, ______ we are proud.
A.of whom B. in whom C. of which D. in which
3. It is the country silk was first invented in.
A.which B.where C. what D. as
4.Su Song was an eleventh century monk _____ very little is known.
A.about who B.on whom C.to whom D.about whom
5.The machine _____ you are looking has broken down.
A. at which B. for which C.into which D. of which
6. His house,___ he paid ￡10000， is worth 50000 now.
A.to which B.of which C for which D.at which
7.I met the fruit-pickers, ______ are university students.
A. several of them B. several of whom C. many of them D.many of who
8.Mr. Green, ____ I was working, is very generous.
A. of whom B. for who C. at whom D. for whom
9.They arrived at a farmhouse, and in front of ___ sat a small boy.
A.it B. which C. what D. where
10.I found my lost wallet ____ I left it.
A. at which B. where C.in which D. at the place
11. Ashdown forest, ____ we are driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. through which B. across which C.by which D. in where
12. He was educated at the local school, ____ he went on to Beijing University.
A.in which B. after which C. in that D. after that
13.The way ____ he worked out the difficult problem puzzled us.
A.which B. / C. how D. what
14.Barara went to the United States a couple of days, by ___ time she had learned dance and act in comedies.
A.that B. what C. which D. when
15. They went up to the roof, from_____ they could have a good view of the procession.
A.that B.that place C. which D.where
16. That was in 1949, ______ things have been better.
A. in which B. since which C.since when D.from when
17.Gun control is a subject ____ the American argued for a long time.
A. with which B. of which C. into which D. about which
18. The man pulled out a gold watch, _____ were made of diamonds.
A. the hands of which B. the hands of whom
C. which the hands of D. whom the hands of
19. She was educated at Beijing University, _____ she went on to receive further education abroad.
A. for which B. after which C. During which D. in which
20. By 5 o’clock pm, the climbers got to the top of the maountain, _______ appeared a rare rainbow afterwards.
A. from which B. over which C.above which D. on which
21. This is an amazing area of study,____ new discoveries are made every day.
A. by which B. in which C. during which D. at which
22. Good advertisement often uses words ____ people attach positive meaning.
A. to which B. of which C. on which D. at which
23. H has got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. which B. when C. in which D. at which
24. The house I grew up ____ has been talen down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. at which C. in which D. in
25. A person ____ the e-mail account is full cannot send and receive messages.
A. whose B. of whom C. who D.whom
26.What surprised me most was not what he said, but the way____ he said it.
A./ B. what C. in that D. which
27. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea and other Ashian countries.
A. where B. from where C. which D. from which
28. Mrs Lee will move into the new house next Monday, ____ it will be conpletely finished.
A. by which time B. by that time C. by this time D. by the time
29. Luckily ,we’d bought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
30. The shoe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ____ are sold abroad.
A. of whom B. of them C. of it D. of which
1.B. 解答本题看定语从句的谓语动词，work with sb. 和某人一切工作。
2.C. 解答本题要先找先行词，先行词就是主语一句话的内容，“刘子歌再次打破女子200游泳的世界纪录”这件事，是我们大家值得骄傲的事情。定语从句的搭配是形容词词组be proud of，所以选of which。
3. A. 定语从句中的有介词in，从句中缺少in的宾语，先行词为the country，所以填which。
4.D.看从句中的谓语动词know后应跟about/of, 介词提前时，指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。
5.A.定语从句中的谓语动词look后跟介词at，look for，look into都不符合题意。题意为：你正在看的那台机器坏了。
6.C.看定语从句中的谓语动词pay后跟for。
7.B.如果选A或C，空前应该有并列连词。
8.D.从定语从句中的work for
9.A.in front of前有and连接，所以整句是并列句，只能填it。
10.B. A和C只能引导定语从句，但题干中没有先行词，所以用where引导地点状语从句。
11.A.“穿越森林”through the forest。
12.B.which代表主句一句话的内容。题意为：他在当地学校受过教育后，就去上北京大学了。
13.B. the way, the time, the reason的定语从句用that引导，that不做任何成分，可以省略。
14.C.by wich time“到那时为止”。
15.D.先行词为“up the roof”，定语从句用where引导。
16.C. since when从那时候起。
17. D. 根据定语从句中的谓语动词词组argue about就可以判断。
18. A. 先行词是表示物的，所以定语从句要用which来引导，将定语从句还原成the hands of the watch were made of diamonds.就可以判断。
19. B. which代表主句所表示的“她在北大受教育”这件事，在那之后她去国外进修了。所以填B。
20. C. 在山顶之上应用above，定语从句的结构是介词短语放置句首，句子倒装。
21. B.看先行词area前需要介词in，所以填in which。
22. A. 定语从句中的谓语动词词组为： attach to，所以应选A。
23. C. 看先行词，in the situation，所以选in which。
24. D. 空后是主句的谓语动词，定语从句中的引导词做介词in的宾语省略了，所以只选in。
25. B. 空后有the，本空不可以填whose，the e-mail account of a person，所以填of whom。
26. A. the way的定语从句要用in which或that引导，that可以省略。
27.B. 定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，将定语从句还原即可。
28.A. 两个分句中间没有并列连词，说明后一个分句是前一分句的定语从句。
29.C. without在引导词之前，两分句之间没有并列连词，所以填which。
30.D.将定语从句还原就可以看出答案。
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“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句解题秘笈
孙爱华
地址：山东莘县明天中学 邮编：252400
很多同学对介词和关系代词连用所引导的定语从句迷惑不解，其实这类定语从句只要抓住两个搭配，问题就迎刃而解。
1、 一看介宾搭配，也就是看先行词前需要什么介词。如：
This is the house in which the famous scientist once lived. 这就是那个著名的科学家住过的房子。（关系代词which前用in就是因为in the house这种介词搭配。引导词就是代替先行词在从句中做成分。）
2、 再看动介搭配，也就是定从中谓语动词后需要什么介词。如：
Do you know the man to whom our professor spoke just now？你认识我们教授刚才和他谈话的那个人吗？（关系代词whom介词to，就是因为定语从句中的动介词搭配speak to。）
三、再将定语从句还原，也就是将引导词换成先行词，定语从句还原就可以判断使用什么介词和关系代词了。如：
He mentioned a book, of which the title I can’t remember.他提到一本书，我想不起来那本书的名字了。（将定语从句还原就是： I can’t remember the title of a book.将a book换成引导词which与of一起提到定语从句句首。）
四、特殊情况：
1. the way, the time的定语从句的引导词常常可以省略。如：
Is this the way you learn foreign languages well.(引导词为in which或that，省略。)
I don’t know the time the crops are harvested every year.(引导词为at which，省略。)
2. whose引导定语从句时可以与“n + of + which/whom”互换。如：
We study in the room whose doors face south.(whose doors =the doors of which)
3. some, any, many, all, both等代词后可跟of which/whom引导非限制性定语从句。如：
Her sons, both of whom work abroad, rang her up this morning.她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早晨给她来了电话。
The buses, many of which had been full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.多数公共汽车上都上满了人，周围是愤怒的群众。
4. 在介词+关系代词这个结构中，which可以代表主句一句话的内容。如：
I was doing my homework at nine, after which I sat reading the evening paper.我在9点钟做作业，在那以后我坐下看晚报了。
5. 当定语从句的先行词是前面的介词短语时，定语从句也可以用“介词+关系副词”来引导。如：The teache stood near the window, from where he could see his students playing outside.老师站在窗户附近，从哪里他可以看到他的学生正在外边玩耍。（near the window是先行词）
解这类题目的方法总结起来就是：
介词和关系代词引定从，
题目解来看似难。
只要你来细分辨，
解答此类试题不难办。
一看先行词前介宾配，
再看定从动介配；
两个搭配不好解，
还原定从是法宝。
请根据上述方法解答下列有关定语从句的练习题。
1.I met a man _____ my grandfather worked 30 years ago.
A. on whom B. with whom C. whom D. with who
2.LiuZige broke the world record of the women 200-meter swimming, ______ we are proud.
A.of whom B. in whom C. of which D. in which
3. It is the country silk was first invented in.
A.which B.where C. what D. as
4.Su Song was an eleventh century monk _____ very little is known.
A.about who B.on whom C.to whom D.about whom
5.The machine _____ you are looking has broken down.
A. at which B. for which C.into which D. of which
6. His house,___ he paid ￡10000， is worth 50000 now.
A.to which B.of which C for which D.at which
7.I met the fruit-pickers, ______ are university students.
A. several of them B. several of whom C. many of them D.many of who
8.Mr. Green, ____ I was working, is very generous.
A. of whom B. for who C. at whom D. for whom
9.They arrived at a farmhouse, and in front of ___ sat a small boy.
A.it B. which C. what D. where
10.I found my lost wallet ____ I left it.
A. at which B. where C.in which D. at the place
11. Ashdown forest, ____ we are driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. through which B. across which C.by which D. in where
12. He was educated at the local school, ____ he went on to Beijing University.
A.in which B. after which C. in that D. after that
13.The way ____ he worked out the difficult problem puzzled us.
A.which B. / C. how D. what
14.Barara went to the United States a couple of days, by ___ time she had learned dance and act in comedies.
A.that B. what C. which D. when
15. They went up to the roof, from_____ they could have a good view of the procession.
A.that B.that place C. which D.where
16. That was in 1949, ______ things have been better.
A. in which B. since which C.since when D.from when
17.Gun control is a subject ____ the American argued for a long time.
A. with which B. of which C. into which D. about which
18. The man pulled out a gold watch, _____ were made of diamonds.
A. the hands of which B. the hands of whom
C. which the hands of D. whom the hands of
19. She was educated at Beijing University, _____ she went on to receive further education abroad.
A. for which B. after which C. During which D. in which
20. By 5 o’clock pm, the climbers got to the top of the maountain, _______ appeared a rare rainbow afterwards.
A. from which B. over which C.above which D. on which
21. This is an amazing area of study,____ new discoveries are made every day.
A. by which B. in which C. during which D. at which
22. Good advertisement often uses words ____ people attach positive meaning.
A. to which B. of which C. on which D. at which
23. H has got himself into a dangerous situation ______ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. which B. when C. in which D. at which
24. The house I grew up ____ has been talen down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. at which C. in which D. in
25. A person ____ the e-mail account is full cannot send and receive messages.
A. whose B. of whom C. who D.whom
26.What surprised me most was not what he said, but the way____ he said it.
A./ B. what C. in that D. which
27. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea and other Ashian countries.
A. where B. from where C. which D. from which
28. Mrs Lee will move into the new house next Monday, ____ it will be conpletely finished.
A. by which time B. by that time C. by this time D. by the time
29. Luckily ,we’d bought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
30. The shoe factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ____ are sold abroad.
A. of whom B. of them C. of it D. of which
1.B. 解答本题看定语从句的谓语动词，work with sb. 和某人一切工作。
2.C. 解答本题要先找先行词，先行词就是主语一句话的内容，“刘子歌再次打破女子200游泳的世界纪录”这件事，是我们大家值得骄傲的事情。定语从句的搭配是形容词词组be proud of，所以选of which。
3. A. 定语从句中的有介词in，从句中缺少in的宾语，先行词为the country，所以填which。
4.D.看从句中的谓语动词know后应跟about/of, 介词提前时，指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。
5.A.定语从句中的谓语动词look后跟介词at，look for，look into都不符合题意。题意为：你正在看的那台机器坏了。
6.C.看定语从句中的谓语动词pay后跟for。
7.B.如果选A或C，空前应该有并列连词。
8.D.从定语从句中的work for
9.A.in front of前有and连接，所以整句是并列句，只能填it。
10.B. A和C只能引导定语从句，但题干中没有先行词，所以用where引导地点状语从句。
11.A.“穿越森林”through the forest。
12.B.which代表主句一句话的内容。题意为：他在当地学校受过教育后，就去上北京大学了。
13.B. the way, the time, the reason的定语从句用that引导，that不做任何成分，可以省略。
14.C.by wich time“到那时为止”。
15.D.先行词为“up the roof”，定语从句用where引导。
16.C. since when从那时候起。
17. D. 根据定语从句中的谓语动词词组argue about就可以判断。
18. A. 先行词是表示物的，所以定语从句要用which来引导，将定语从句还原成the hands of the watch were made of diamonds.就可以判断。
19. B. which代表主句所表示的“她在北大受教育”这件事，在那之后她去国外进修了。所以填B。
20. C. 在山顶之上应用above，定语从句的结构是介词短语放置句首，句子倒装。
21. B.看先行词area前需要介词in，所以填in which。
22. A. 定语从句中的谓语动词词组为： attach to，所以应选A。
23. C. 看先行词，in the situation，所以选in which。
24. D. 空后是主句的谓语动词，定语从句中的引导词做介词in的宾语省略了，所以只选in。
25. B. 空后有the，本空不可以填whose，the e-mail account of a person，所以填of whom。
26. A. the way的定语从句要用in which或that引导，that可以省略。
27.B. 定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，将定语从句还原即可。
28.A. 两个分句中间没有并列连词，说明后一个分句是前一分句的定语从句。
29.C. without在引导词之前，两分句之间没有并列连词，所以填which。
30.D.将定语从句还原就可以看出答案。
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