高中英语人教版必修1Unit4 Earthquake单元综合复习

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必修1
Unit4
Earthquake
I
单元基础知识
一
核心单词
1．________
n．&
vt.
援救；营救
2．________
vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭
3．________
n．标题；头衔；资格
4．________
n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
5．________
vt.
使陷入困境
n.
陷阱；困境
6．________
n.
废墟；毁灭
vt.
毁灭；使破产
7．________
vi.爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂；爆发
8．________
n.
要点；大纲；轮廓
vt.概述；略述
9．________
n.
记者
10．________
adj.极度的
11．______
vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
12．______________
n．祝贺；贺词
13．________
n．污垢；泥土
14．________
adv.
真诚地；真挚地
15．________
n．灾难；灾祸
16．________
n．裁判员；法官
vt.断定；判断
17．________
vt.损害；伤害
18．________
vt.使惊吓；吓唬
19．________
n．民族；国家；国民
20．________
v．(使)震惊；震动
n.
休克；打击；震惊
二．
高频短语
1．结束；终结
________
2．刮走；吹走
________
3．代替……
________
4．掘出；发现
________
5．许多；大量
________
6．倒塌
________
7．立刻；马上
________
8．毁坏；成为废墟
________
9．陷入……/陷在……下面
________
10．带来；引进
________
11．以……而自豪
________
12．因为/作为……出名
________
13．像往常一样
________
14．好像
________
15．突然大笑/大哭
________
16．祝贺/恭喜……
_______
17．轻视；不重视
________
18．睡醒；醒来
________
19．因为……感到自豪
________
20．……之后不久
________
三．重点句型（填空）
1．But
the
one
million
people
of
the
city,
________
thought
little
of
these
events,
were
asleep
________
________
that
night.21·cn·jy·com
但是唐山市的100万居民几乎没有把这些情况当回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
2．Everywhere
they
looked
nearly
everything
________(destroy)．
人们无论朝哪里看，一切都几乎被毁坏了。
3．People
began
to
wonder
how
long
the
disaster
________(last)．
人们开始纳闷儿，这场灾难还会持续多久。
4．It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
________
________
________.
似乎世界末日来临了。
5．________
hope
was
not
lost.
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
6．I
asked
a
man
________(stand)next
to
me
________
________.
我问站在我旁边的一个人出了什么事。
II.
考点精析及演练
1.burst
v.
爆裂；突发
归纳拓展
burst
in
闯进来；突然插嘴
burst
into
突然爆发；闯入
burst
out/forth
doing
sth.
突然开始做某事
burst
into
laughter＝burst
out
laughing
放声大笑
burst
into
tears＝burst
out
crying
放声大哭
burst
out
冒出
a
burst
of
laughter/anger
一阵大笑/大怒
即时应用：完成句子。
①Pumped
into
too
much
air,
the
tyre
of
the
bicycle
________
________.
被打入了太多的空气，车胎突然爆开了。
②All
the
viewers
________
________
________
with
excitement
as
the
Chinese
team
won
the
game.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
中国队赢了，所有的观众激动地放声尖叫。
③My
English
teacher's
humor
was
such
as
to
make
every
student
________
________
________.2-1-c-n-j-y
我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以至于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。
2．injure
vt.
伤害；使受伤；损害
归纳拓展
(1)injure
sb.
伤害某人
词汇
含义
injure
多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害
wound
指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤
hurt
多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛
harm
指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于”。常用短语do
harm
to
“对……有害”
injure
sb.'s
leg/arm/eye
伤害某人的腿/胳膊/眼睛
injure
sb.'s
reputation/figure/feelings,
etc.
损害某人的名誉/形象/伤害某人的感情等www.21-cn-jy.com
be/get
seriously/slightly
injured
受重/轻伤
(2)the
injured
伤员
injury
to
对……的伤害
即时应用
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子或用所给词的适当形式填空。
①He
________
________
________
________
________(伤了他的手和膝盖)
last
week.21教育名师原创作品
②Though
________(injure)
in
the
leg,
the
soldier
fought
to
the
end.
③He
suffered
serious
________(injure)
to
the
arms
and
shoulders.
④The
________(injure)
were
successfully
rescued
from
the
ruins.
3．rescue
n.
营救，救援；救援行动　vt.
营救；救援
归纳拓展
(1)rescue
...
from
...
从……中抢救或营救……
(2)rescue
work/workers
救援工作/救援人员
go/come
to
one's
rescue
援救或帮助某人
4．judge
n.
裁判员；法官　vt.
断定；判决；判断
归纳拓展
(1)judge
sb./sth.
by/from
以……判断
judging
from/by
从……判断
(常作插入语使用)
judge
sb./sth.
(to
be)
good/bad/fair,
etc.
认定某人(某事)好/坏/公平等
as
far
as
sb.
can
judge
据某人判断
(2)judgment
n．判断
温馨提示：judging
from/by...置于句首作状语。v. ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally
speaking一般来说；frankly
speaking坦白地说；considering...考虑到……2·1·c·n·j·y
即时应用
完成句子。
①________
________
________
________，
we
know
that
he
is
from
Sichuan.21
cnjy
com
从他的口音判断，我们知道他来自四川。
②As
the
famous
saying
goes,
________
________
________
________
________
________
________.
正如谚语所言，不要以貌取人．
③________
________
________
________
________
________，
I'm
afraid
you
are
quite
wrong.
据我判断，你完全错了。
5．ruin
n.
&
vt.
毁灭，破坏
归纳拓展
(1)in
ruins
严重破坏；破败不堪
fall
into
ruins
成为废墟
bring
sth./sb.
to
ruin
使毁灭；使落空；使某人破产
bring
ruin
to
oneself
自取灭亡
(2)ruin
one's
health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉
6．bury
vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入
归纳拓展
(1)be
buried
in
埋头于；专心于
be
buried/lost
in
thought
沉思
(2)bury
oneself
in
study埋头研究；专心学习
bury
one's
face
in
one's
hands
双手掩面
即时应用：完成句子。
①The
paper
________
________
under
a
pile
of
books.
那份文件被埋在书堆里了。
②He
has
learned
to
________
________
________.
他学会了掩饰内心的情感。
7．shelter
n．[U]掩蔽；遮蔽；庇护；栖身地　vi.躲避　vt.提供庇护所
归纳拓展
take
shelter
from躲避……
under
the
shelter
of在……的庇护下；受……的保护
a
bus
shelter公共汽车亭
give
sb.
shelter庇护某人
shelter
sb./sth.
from...庇护某人/某物免受……
8.think
little
of
轻视；不重视
归纳拓展
(1)think
highly/well/much
of
...
对……评价高/印象好
think
nothing
of
...
觉得……不怎么样，没什么了不起
think
badly/poorly/ill
of
...
对……评价低
(2)speak
highly/well
of...高度赞扬……
speak
ill
of...说……的坏话
sing
high
praise
for...高度赞扬……
即时应用
完成句子。
①He
________
________
________
his
future
during
his
childhood.
儿时，他很少思考自己的未来。
②We
should
________
________
________him,
because
he
always
puts
others'
interest
first.www-2-1-cnjy-com
我们应该高度赞扬他，因为他总把别人的利益放在首位。
9．at
an
end
终了；结束
归纳拓展
bring
...
to
an
end
使……终止
come
to
an
end
结束
put
an
end
to
使终止
end
up
(with)
以……结束/告终
make
both
ends
meet
量入为出
at
the
end
of
在……末端，在……结束时
by
the
end
of
到……末为止
since
the
end
of
自从……末以来
in
the
end
最后，最终
There
is
no
end
to
...
……没有止境/尽头
10．a
great
number
of
许多；大量
归纳拓展
修饰可数名词的短语：
a
large/great
number
of
a
good/great
many
修饰不可数名词的短语：
a
large
amount
of
a
good/great
deal
of
修饰可数或不可数名词的短语：
a
lot
of/lots
of
a
quantity
of/quantities
of
plenty
of
[温馨提示](1)“a
large
number
of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，“the
number
of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；
(2)“large
quantities/amounts
of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。21教育网
即时应用
（1）根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
①________
________
________
________(许多)
people
lost
their
precious
lives
in
the
terrible
disaster.21cnjy.com
②Based
on
the
statistics,
________
________
________
________
________(交通事故的数量)
this
year
reduces
by
20%.21
cnjy
com
③With
more
and
more
forests
being
destroyed,
large
quantities
of
good
soil
________
________
________
________(流失)
every
year.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
(2)单句语法填空。
The
number
of
people
invited
to
the
party
________
(be)
100,
but
a
number
of
them
________(be)
absent
for
different
reasons.【出处：21教育名师】
III.单元语法
定语从句(Ⅰ)
1．
Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
________
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.【版权所有：21教育】
2．Nowadays
almost
everyone
prefers
to
use
a
smart
mobile
phone
________
functions
are
more
practical.
3．“God，please
don't
let
anything
happen
today
________
I
can't
handle.
”This
was
my
daily
prayer
during
my
first
year
of
teaching.
4．—What
does
the
notice
say
—All
the
storytellers
should
meet
at
the
same
hall
________
won
the
first
three
prizes.
5．The
Great
Wall
is
the
place
________
almost
all
tourists
would
like
to
visit
when
they
come
to
Beijing.
Ⅳ.单元话题作文
1．2014年8月3日，云南省昭通市鲁甸县突然发生了强烈地震，全国震惊。(strike,
shocked)
2．地震现场令人恐惧。整个城镇一片废墟；大量房屋倒塌；一条条巨大的裂缝穿过房屋、道路和水道；山体崩塌，道路被掩埋；水、电被切断；数千人被困在废墟下。放眼望去，几乎一切都被毁了。(lie
in
ruins,
a
great
number
of,
cut
across,
be
trapped)
3．地震后，全国人民立刻行动起来帮助当地人渡过难关。(right
away,
disaster)
4．我真心地希望鲁甸在全国人民的帮助下尽快恢复正常。(with
the
aid
of,
return
to
normal)
必修1
Unit4
Earthquake参考答案
I
单元基础知识
一
核心单词
1.rescue
2.
destroy
3.
title
4.
shelter
5.
trap
6.
ruin
7.
burst
8.outline
9.reporter
10.
extreme
11.
bury
12.
congratulation
13.
dirt
14.
sincerely
15.
disaster
16.
judge
17.
injure18.
frighten
19.
nation
20.
shock
21·世纪
教育网
二.高频短语
1.at
an
end
2.blow
away
3.instead
of...
4.dig
out
5.a
great
number
of
6.fall
down
7.right
away(＝at
once/in
no
time/immediately)
8.in
ruins
9.be
trapped
in
10.bring
in
11.take
pride
in
12.be
known
for/as(＝be
famous/noted
for/as)
13.as
usual
14.as
if
15.burst
into
laughter/tears或burst
out
laughing/crying
16.congratulations
on
sth.(注意与on搭配)
17.think
little
of(表“重视”的短语有think
highly
of/pay
much
attention
to/attach
great
importance
to等)
18.wake
up
19.be
proud
of...
20.not
long
after...(＝soon/shortly
after
...)
三．重点句型（填空）
1.who;
as
usual
2.was
destroyed
3.would
last
4.at
an
end
5.All
6.standing;
what
happened
II.
考点精析及演练
1.①suddenly
burst　②burst
out
screaming　③burst
into
laughter/burst
out
laughing
2.①injured
his
hands
and
knees②injured③injuries④injured21世纪教育网版权所有
4.①Judging
from/by
his
accent②don't/never
judge
a
book
by
its
cover③As
far
as
I
can
judge
6.
①was
buried
②bury
his
feelings
8.
①thought
little
of　②think
highly/well/much
of
10.（1）①A
large
number
of②the
number
of
car
accidents③are
being
washed
away
(2)is/was;
are/were
III.单元语法
1．who
句意：快乐和成功经常会眷顾那些善于欣赏自己优点的人。分析句子成分可知，“________
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths”是定语从句，修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。
2．whose
考查定语从句。先行词a
smart
mobile
phone与从句中functions构成所属关系，故用关系代词whose。
3．that
考查定语从句。句意：上帝，今天请不要发生任何我无法处理的事情，这是我第一年教学时每天要祈祷的。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词为不定代词anything。故用that不用which。
4．who/that
根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“________
won
the
first
three
prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All
the
storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。
5．which/that
分析句子结构可知，“________almost
all
tourists
would
like
to
visit”为定语从句，修饰先行词the
place，关系代词在从句中充当visit的宾语，故填which或that。
Ⅳ.话题写作
On
August
3rd,
2014,
a
powerful
earthquake
struck
Ludian
in
Yunnan
Province.
The
whole
nation
was
shocked
at
the
news.
What
frightening
scenes!
The
whole
town
lay
in
ruins.
A
great
number
of
houses
fell.
Huge
cracks
cut
across
houses,
roads
and
canals.
Mountains
collapsed.
Roads
were
buried
by
stones
and
bricks.
Water
and
electricity
were
cut
off.
Thousands
of
people
were
trapped
under
the
ruins!
In
a
word,
everywhere
I
looked,
nearly
everything
was
destroyed.
But
fortunately,
after
the
earthquake,
all
the
people,
including
farmers,
workers
and
volunteers,
took
action
right
away.
Everyone
did
their
bit
to
help
them
out
of
the
disaster.
I
sincerely
hope
Ludian
will
return
to
normal
with
the
aid
of
all
the
people
as
soon
as
possible!
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