高中英语人教版必修5 Unit 5 First Aid单元综合复习

本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
必修5
Unit
5
First
Aid
I.
单元基础知识
1.
核心单词
(1)
liquid
n．_________
(2)
tissue
n．_________
(3)
sleeve
n．_________　　　　
(4)
cupboard
n．__________
(5)
damp
adj．__________
(6) squeeze
vt．_________
(7)
organ
n．__________
(8)
complex
adj．___________
(9)
barrier
n．__________
(10)
vital
adj．__________
(11)
_________
n．勇敢；勇气
(12)
_________
n．款待；招待
(13)
_________
n．典礼；仪式
(14)
_________
adj．暂时的，临时的
(15)
_________
adj．（动作）稳定有力的；坚定的
n．公司
(16)
________
v．隆起 ；（使）膨胀
→________
adj.肿胀的
(17)
________
adj．温和的 →________
adv.
温和地
(18)
________
adj．难以忍受的 →_________
adj．可忍受的→______
vt．承受n．熊
(19)
________
n．毒药
vt.
使中毒;毒害 →_________
adj.有毒的；恶毒的
(20)
________
n．多样化；种类 →_________
adj．多方面的，各种各样的
→________
vi．变化
2.
高频短语
(1)
_________
生病
(2)
_________
在适当的位置
(3)
_________
有影响；起（重要）作用
(4)
_________
各种各样的
(5)
_________
脱下;成名
(6)
knock
over
_________
(7)
stick
to
_________
(8)
act
as
_________
(9)
get
injured
/
burnt
/
infected
___________
(10)
put
one’s
hands
on
__________
3.
重点句型
(1)
So
as
you
can
imagine,
if
your
skin
gets
burned
it
__________________.
因此你可以想象的到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。
(2)
If
burns
are
on
arms
or
legs,
keep
them
higher
than
the
heart,
___________.
如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。
(3)
John
_________
in
his
room
________
he
heard
screaming.www.21-cn-jy.com
约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。
(4)
____________
John’s
quick
thinking
and
the
first
aid
skills
he
learned
at
school
saved
Ms.
Slade’s
life.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(5)
____________________
and
knowledge
of
first
aid_____
saved
Ms.
Slade’s
life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。
II.
考点精析及演练
1.
injury
n.伤口；伤害；损害
injure
v.伤害；损害
injured
adj.受伤的
[易混辨析]
injure，hurt，harm，wound
injure
“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。
hurt
“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，伴有强烈痛感；也可以指精神上的伤害，常与deeply，very
much，rather连用。
harm
“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。
wound
“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害。
[用法检测]用上述动词的适当形式填空。
(1)
It
______me
to
think
that
he
would
lie
to
me.
(2)
Two
women
have
been
badly______
in
the
accident.21教育名师原创作品
(3)
Luckily
no
one
got______
in
the
battle.
(4)
Don’t
______your
eyes
by
reading
in
poor
light.
2.
essential
adj.必不可少的；最重要的；本质的；基本的；n.必需品；要素；实质
[同义表达]　essential，important，vital
[常见用法]
be
essential
to/for对……来说是重要的It’s
essential
to
do/that...……是必要的(that从句的谓语用“should＋do”，should通常省略）
[用法检测]
(1)
It
is
essential
__________(你赢得)
the
voters’
hearts.
(2)
Sun
and
water
__________(对……必不可少)
the
growth
of
crops.
3.
variety
n．[C，U]变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
[词性拓展]
various＝a
variety
of
(varieties
of)＋n.(pl.)
各种各样的，不同种类的the
variety
of
……的种类vary
vt.
/
vi.
使不同；变更；变化；呈多样化vary
with…
随......变化vary
from...to...=
vary
between…and…从......到......不等；
在......到......之间变化
[拓展延伸]“许多”表达
只修饰可数名词
只修饰不可数名词
既修饰可数名词，又修饰不可数名词
a
large/
great/
number
ofa
great/
good
manyquite
a
fewmany
a…+
V（单）
more
than
one…+V（单）
a
great/
good
deal
ofa
large/
great
amount
of(large)
amounts
of
a
lot
of/
lots
ofplenty
ofa
large/
great
quantity
of(large)
quantities
ofa
variety
of/varieties
of
4.
vital
adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的
[常见用法]
be
of
vital
importance……是至关重要的be
vital
to/for
对……很重要It
is
vital
to
do
sth.做……是很重要的It
is
vital
that...……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气，即should＋do，should可以省略)
[用法检测]
你的支持对我的计划是否成功关系重大。
Your
support___________
the
success
of
my
plan.
5.
treat
n.招待；款待；v.以……态度对待；把……看作；治疗；招待；请客
[常见用法]
treat
sb.as...把某人看作……treat
sb.to
sth.招待某人吃……treat
sb.with
respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人My
treat.我请客。
[用法检测]
If
he
was
treated
in
a
proper
way，he
was
likely
to
be
saved.21教育网
①________________________________________________.
(改为省略句)
②__________________________________________.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)21·cn·jy·com
6.
apply
vt.
&
vi.涂；应用；适用；申请
[常见用法]
application
n.申请(书)；用途applicant
n.申请人apply
to适合apply
(to
sb.)
for
sth.(向某人)申请某物apply
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.＝be
applied
to
(doing)
sth.致力于/集中精力于……
[用法检测]
If
you
apply
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand，you’ll
soon
finish
it.2·1·c·n·j·y
①______________________________________.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)21
cnjy
com
②_____________________________________.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
7.
make
a
difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
[常见用法]
make
no/little
difference
to对……没有/几乎没有影响make
much
difference
to对……有很大影响tell
the
difference
between...and...说出……和……的不同be
of
no/little/much/great
difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用
[用法检测]
(1)
_________________________whether
he
comes
here
or
not.
他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。
(2)
Can
you
__________________________
the
two
words 【出处：21教育名师】
你能区别这两个单词吗？
8.
be
doing…when
正在做……这时……
[课本原句]John
was
studying
in
his
room
when
he
heard
screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。
[常见表达]
be
doing...when...正在做……这时……be
about
to
do...when...正要做……此时……be
on
the
point
of
doing...when...正要做……这时……had
just
done...when...刚做了……这时……
[用法检测]
(1)
We
were
swimming
in
the
lake
_______
suddenly
the
storm
started.
(2)
She_______
just
______
(finish)
her
homework
when
her
mother
asked
her
to
practice
playing
the
piano
yesterday.
9.
强调句型
It
is(was)+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
[课本原句]It
was
John’s
quick
action
and
knowledge
of
first
aid
that
saved
Ms.
Slade’s
life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。
[用法解析]
(1)在强调句型中，将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构（it
is/was…that/who）划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。
(2)几种强调句型变式：
一般疑问式：Is/
Was
it
+被强调部分+
that…？
特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is/was
it
that…？
反义疑问式：It
is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t
/
wasn’t
it？
not
...
until
...
的强调句型：It
is/was
not
until
+
被强调部分
+
that...
[用法检测]
Not
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
did
I
realize
she
was
a
famous
film
star.
____________________________________________________________________.
(改为强调句)
(2)
Was
it
in
1969
____
the
American
astronauts
succeeded
___
landing
on
the
moon
A.
when;
on
B.
that;
on
C.
when;
in
D.
that;
in【版权所有：21教育】
III.
语法：省略
[品句归纳]
仔细观察下列句子中的省略的用法。
①This
woman
works
well,
but
that
one
doesn’t
(work
well).
21世纪教育网版权所有
这位女士工作很出色,但是那位却不行。
②When
(they
are)
ripe,
these
apples
are
sweet.
成熟的时候,这些苹果非常甜。
③That
is
the
naughty
boy
(whom
/
that)
we
talked
about
last
week.
那就是我们上周谈到的淘气男孩。
④Had
Thomas
Edison
(=
If
Thomas
Edison
had)
saved
his
money,
he
would
have
died
a
wealthy
man.
如果托马斯·爱迪生把钱省下来,他死时将是一个富人。
⑤It
was
suggested
that
the
meeting
(should)
be
put
off
until
the
next
week.
有人建议会议推迟到下周。
以上句子为了言简意赅而省略了一些成分。根据句子的结构以及上下文,我们可知:第1句省略了(1)
________
;第2句省略了时间状语从句中的(2)
_______
;第3句省略了(3)
________;第4句省略了(4)
________,而且句子还部分倒装;第5句省略了情态动词(5)
_________。
[具体用法]
(1)简单句中的省略
根据表达的需要,简单句中常省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语和表语等,有时甚至同时省略若干成分。
(You
come)
This
way
please.
请这边走。
—Are
you
feeling
better
now
你现在好些了吗
—
(I
am
feeling)
Much
better
(now).
好多了。
(2)并列句中的省略
在并列句中,后面的分句可以省略与前面的分句中相同的成分。
Tom
must
have
been
playing
basketball,
while
Mary
(must
have
been)
doing
her
homework.
汤姆一定是一直在打篮球,而玛丽一定是一直在做作业。
(3)状语从句中的省略
在以when,
while,
if,
as
if,
though
(although),
as,
whether,
once等连词引导的状语从句中,常常省略与主句相同的主语和be动词。
When
(it
is)
completed,
the
museum
will
be
open
to
the
public
next
year.
竣工后,这座博物馆将会在明年向公众开放。
(4)动词不定式中的省略
在同一句话或联系紧密的对话里,常把不定式to后的内容中相同的部分省略,只保留to。
—I
will
be
away
on
a
business
trip.
Would
you
mind
looking
after
my
cat
我将会出差。请帮助照看我的猫,好吗
—Not
at
all.
I
would
be
happy
to.
没关系,我非常乐意。
(5)虚拟条件句中的省略
在虚拟条件句中,如含有had,
were,
should,等时,if可省略,句子倒装。
Should
it
rain
tomorrow,
you
would
have
to
put
off
your
tour.
21·世纪
教育网
万一明天下雨,你只好推迟行程。
(6)宾语从句中的省略
在宾语从句中,连词that一般可以省略。但如果是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。
He
told
me
he
was
ill
and
that
he
couldn’t
go
to
work
the
next
day.
他告诉我他病了,第二天无法上班。
[用法检测]完成句子(用省略形式)
(1)
In
our
country,
people
usually
shake
hands
when
____________________________.在我们国家,当被相互介绍时,人们通常会握手。
(2)
____________________________________,
I
heard
her
singing
an
English
song.当我路过她的房间时,听到她在唱一首英文歌。 【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
(3)
They
wanted
to
go
boating
in
the
lake,
but
I_______________________________.他们想到湖上划船,但是我警告他们不要去。 2-1-c-n-j-y
(4)
I
won’t
attend
her
birthday
party
________________________________.
除非受到邀请,否则我不会去参加她的生日聚会。
(5)
When
you
do
this
exercise,
make
changes
in
the
sentence
structure______________.做这个练习时,如有必要可以改动句子结构。
IV.
单元话题作文
不久前，为零售商提供数据的美国服务机构SumAll对网上购物的优惠情况进行了调查。调查发现，一周内优惠最多的并不是人们普遍认为的周末。下面的图表显示了每天的优惠率(百分比)。请根据图表写一篇100词左右的英语短文。短文应该包含以下要点：
1．分析图表内容；
2．发表你的观点和看法。
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参考答案
I.
单元基础知识
1.
核心单词
(1)
液体　(2)
(生物)组织;纸巾 　(3)
袖子(4)
橱柜；衣柜　(5)
潮湿的 　(6)
压榨；挤　(7)
器官　(8)
复杂的　(9)
屏障;障碍(物)　(10)
至关重要的，生死攸关的　(11)
bravery
(12)
treat　(13)
ceremony 　(14)
temporary　(15)
firm　(16)
swell;
swollen
(17)
mild;
mildly
(18)
unbearable;
bearable;
bear　(19)
poison;
poisonous
(20)
variety;
various;
vary
2.
高频短语
(1)
fall
ill　(2)
in
place　(3)
make
a
difference　(4)
a
variety
of
(5)
take
off　(6)
撞翻　(7)
坚持
(8)
担任；充当
(9)
被伤着/烫着/感染　(10)
找到
www-2-1-cnjy-com
3.
重点句型
(1)
can
be
very
serious
(2)
if
possible
(3)
was
studying;
when
(4)
There
is
no
doubt
that
(5)
It
was
John’s
quick
action;
that
II.
考点精析及演练
1.
(1)
hurt
(2)
injured
(3)
wounded
(4)
harm
2.
(1)
that
you
(should)
win
(2)
are
essential
to/for
4.
is
vital
to/for
5.
①If
treated
in
a
proper
way,
he
was
likely
to
be
saved
②Treated
in
a
proper
way,
he
was
likely
to
be
saved
6.
①Applying
yourself
to
the
job
in
hand，you’ll
soon
finish
it
②Applied
to
the
job
in
hand，you’ll
soon
finish
it21cnjy.com
7.
(1)
It
makes
no
difference
to
me
(2)
tell
the
difference
between
8.
(1)
when
（2）had;
finished
9.
(1)
It
was
not
until
she
took
off
her
dark
glasses
that
I
realized
she
was
a
famous
film
star
(2)
比较It
was
in
1969
that
the
American
astronauts
succeeded
in
landing
on
the
moon
我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。
III.
语法
[品句归纳]
(1)相同部分
(2)主语和be动词　(3)作宾语的关系代词　(4)if
(5)should
[用法检测]
(1)
introduced
to
each
other　(2)
When
passing
by
her
room(3)
warned
them
not
to
(4)
unless
invited
to
(5)
when/if
necessary21
cnjy
com
IV.
单元话题作文
If
you
think
that
shopping
online
on
weekends
can
get
you
the
best
deals,
then
think
again.
According
to
a
survey
of
online
shopping,
Tuesday
is
actually
the
best
day
of
a
week
if
you
want
to
grab
a
bargain.
The
best
day
of
a
week
is
Tuesday
when
savings
are
4.81
percent,
followed
by
Thursday
at
4.80
percent.
In
the
third
place
is
Friday
at
4.65
percent,
then
Monday
at
4.30
percent
and
Wednesday
at
4.13
percent.
It’s
not
advisable
to
shop
on
Saturday
when
you
only
save
3.84
percent
and
Sunday
is
the
worst
with
3.37
percent.
Shopping
online
has
become
something
of
a
science.
So,
if
you
do
not
want
to
spend
more
than
you
should,
do
it
on
the
right
day.
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