课件11张PPT。Grammar
The Usage of “IT”Unit 3Discovering “It”It is a beautiful day here.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 ______
2. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.
“it”用作_________，指代 ___________,
句型_______________
3. It’s my birthday in two weeks time.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________非人称代词天气形式主语主语that从句非人称代词时间It seems/seemed +adj.+that clause4. Your mother tells me that you started
smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.
“it”用作____________ ，指代 _______________,
句型______________________________
5. I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.
“it”用作__________，指代 _________________,
句型______________________________
6. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________形式宾语主语+谓语+形宾it+宾语补足语＋真正的宾语主语to begin smoking,to stopIt is/was +adj.+ to do sth.人称代词your body宾语to give it up形式主语7. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do
it automatically.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
8. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit.
“it”用作______ ，指代 ______________,
句型______________________________人称代词the same thing形式主语主语to quitIt is/was +adj.+ to do sth.9. When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking. I didn’t know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.
1/“it”用作_______ ，指代 _________
2/“it”用作________ ，
指代 _________________________,
句型_____________________________人称代词the harmful effects of smoking 形式主语主语to become pregnantIt is/was +adj.+for sb.+ to do sth.10. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
“it”用作________ ，指代 ________________,
句型______________________________
11. I am sending you some advice I found on the internet. It might help you to
stop and strengthen your resolve.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 ___________ 形式主语主语to quit smokingIt is/was + time (+for sb.)+ to do sth.
It is/was + time for sth.人称代词some adviceHomework 1. The students revise the usage of “it”.
2. The students rewrite sentences, using “it”.
3. Put some sentences into English or Chinese.Rewrite the sentences using an “it” structure.Giving up smoking is difficult.
Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
Most people believe smoking causes cancer.
Don’t try to quit on a stressful day.
China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes.It is difficult to give up smoking.It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.It is believed that smoking causes cancer.It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country.
My father ahs quit smoking at last.
The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey.
You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
You have to take pills to control your blood pressure.It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking at last.It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey.It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.It is necessary for you to take pills to control your blood pressure.1.It’s time to live a healthy life.
2.It is our duty to tell people around us about the harmful effects of smoking.
3.It is James who is addicted to smoking.
4.She found it tough to accustom herself to getting up early.
5.It was disappointing that he refused my invitation.2. Put the following sentences into English or Chinese. 到了过健康生活的时候了。吸烟上瘾的是詹姆斯。向人们宣讲吸烟的危害，我们责无旁贷。她觉得很难习惯早起。失望的是，他拒绝了我的邀请。6. 吸烟容易戒烟难。
7. 到了开会的时候了。
8. 吸烟有害健康。它会导致肺癌。
9. 我认为吸毒是不健康的生活习惯。（take drugs）
10. 帮助詹姆斯改掉了吸烟恶习的是爷爷。It’s time for the meeting.It’s easy to start smoking but tough to quit.Smoking cigarettes is harmful to health. It can cause lung cancer.I believe it an unhealthy habit to take drugs.It was Grandad who/that helped James get rid of the bad habit of smoking.Period 3 Grammar
The Use of “IT”
Teaching aims:
1.The students will be able to sum the usage of “it”.
2.The students will be able to make sentences with “it” sentence structure.
Teaching important:
The students get to know the usage of it through guided discussion by teacher.
Teaching difficult points:
The students make sentences with “it” sentence structure.
Teaching aids: computer, blackboard, textbook, worksheet
Teaching procedures:
Step1 Lead in
The teacher greets the students.
The teacher gets the students to do some everyday English practice.
Questions: ( in students’ worksheet)
1/ What’s the weather like today? fine/cloudy
2/ What’s the time now? nine thirty
3/ What day is it today? Monday
4/ What’s the date today? November 23, 2009
5/ How far is our school from your house? 5 kilometers
6/ What do you think of English lessons? interesting/boring
The teacher writes the answers on the blackboard.
The students find out “it” structure and the teacher introduces today’s focus.
What do these sentences have in common?
Step2 Discovering the usage of “it”
1. The students read the sentences in the worksheet and sum the usage of ”it” in pairs.
2. The teacher checks the answers with the whole class.
3. The students read the explanations in appendix at Page87.
Step3 Practice
The students choose three “it” sentence structures and make sentences in groups of 4.
Step4 Self-assessment
Do some exercises.
Step 5 Homework
1. The students revise the usage of “it”.
2. The students rewrite sentences, using “it”.
3. Put some sentences into English or Chinese.
Students’ Worksheet
Grammar: The Usage of “IT”
I. Ask and answer the following questions in pairs.
1. What’s the weather like today? fine/cloudy
2. What’s the time now? nine thirty
3. What day is it today? Monday
4. What’s the date today? November 23, 2009
5. How far is our school from your house? 5 kilometers
6. What do you think of English lessons? interesting/boring
II. Read the following sentences and tell the usage of “it”.
1. It is a beautiful day here. “it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
2. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. “it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
3. It’s my birthday in two weeks time. “it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
4. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________, 句型______________________________
5. I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________, 句型______________________________
6. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. “it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
7. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. “it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
8. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________, 句型______________________________
9. When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking. I didn’t know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.
1/“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
2/“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________, 句型_____________________________
10. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
“it”用作__________ ，指代 _________, 句型______________________________
11. I am sending you some advice I found on the internet. It might help you to
stop and strengthen your resolve. “it”用作__________ ，指代 _________
III. Practice: Make at least three sentences using the following “it” sentence structure.
1. It be adj.（for sb.）to do sth.代作主语的动词不定式
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…?
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
2. It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
3. It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worth one's while doing/to do…
It's（well）worth while doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
4. It is clear ( obvious，true，possible，certain....) that..... 作形式主语替代主语从句
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
It is strange that it hasn’t been noticed before.真奇怪，它以前没有引起注意。
5. It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do
It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is + noun +从句
It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/...) that...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
7.it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。 I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。
8. It is/was? + 被强调部分 + that/who ... 用于强调句型
It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到……才……”，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。
It was she who ／that had been wrong．是她错了。（主语）
It was the girl whom ／that I met just now．我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。（宾语）
It was Tom to whom the teacher had talked.老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。（介词宾语）
It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。（状语）
IV．Choose the best answers.
1. ________seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter college or university.
A. It B. Which C. What D. That
2．Many students in this school make ________ a rule to come to the evening classes even on Saturdays.
A. this B. that C. it D. them
3. I hate ________ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
4. (MET'91)Does ________ matter if he can't finish the job on time?
A. this B. that C. he D. it
5. (MET'89)Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
6. (MET'90) I don't think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
7. (NMET'92) It was not ________she took off her glasses ________I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
8. (NMET'93)Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but________didn't help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
9. (NMET'93)I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ________to be much better.
A. that B. this C. one D. it
10. (NMET'95)________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
11. (NMET'97)It was about 600 years ago ________ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. until C. before D. when
12. (NMET'98) I hate ________ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
13. (NMET2001)The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
Homework
I. Rewrite the sentences using an “it” structure.
Giving up smoking is difficult. (It is…)
Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.(It seems…)
Most people believe smoking causes cancer. （It is believed…）
Don’t try to quit on a stressful day. (It’s no use…)
China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes. (It is astonishing…)
You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country. (It is illegal…)
My father has quit smoking at last. (It is wonderful…)
The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey. (It was a…)
You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. (It is likely…)
You have to take pills to control your blood pressure. (It is necessary…)
2. Put the following sentences into English or Chinese.
It’s time to take actions to live a healthy life.
It is our duty to tell people around us about the harmful effects of smoking.
It is James who is addicted to smoking.
She found it tough to accustom herself to getting up early.
It was disappointing that he refused my invitation.
吸烟容易戒烟难。
到了开会的时候了。
吸烟有害健康。它会导致肺癌。
我认为吸毒是不健康的生活习惯。（take drugs）
10. 是爷爷帮助詹姆斯改掉了吸烟的恶习。
It is a beautiful day here. “it”用作非人称代词 ，指代天气
2. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. “it”用作形式主语 ，指代主语that从句 ，句型It seems/seemed +adj.+that clause
3. It’s my birthday in two weeks time. “it”用作非人称代词 ，指代时间
4. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. “it”用作形式宾语 ，指代宾语to give it up, 句型主语+谓语+形宾it+宾语补足语＋真正的宾语
5. I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.“it”用作形式主语 ，指代主语to begin smoking,to stop , 句型It is/was +adj.+ to do sth.
6. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
“it”用作人称代词 ，指代your body
7. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. “it”用作人称代词 ，指代the same thing
8. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit.
“it”用作形式主语 ，指代主语to quit, 句型It is/was +adj.+ to do sth.
9. When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful effects of smoking. I didn’t know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.
1/“it”用作人称代词 ，指代the harmful effects of smoking
2/“it”用作 形式主语 ，指代主语to become pregnant , 句型It is/was +adj.+for sb.+ to do sth.
10. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking. “it”用作 形式主语 ，指代主语to quit smoking,
句型It is/was + time (+for sb.)+ to do sth. It is/was + time for sth.
11. I am sending you some advice I found on the internet. It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. “it”用作人称代词 ，指代some advice
Rewrite the sentences using “it” structure.
Giving up smoking is difficult. (It is…)
It is difficult to give up smoking.
Some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.(It seems…)
It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
Most people believe smoking causes cancer. （It is believed…）
It is believed that smoking causes cancer.
Don’t try to quit on a stressful day. (It’s no use…)
It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.
China produces one third of the world’s cigarettes. (It is astonishing…)
It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.
You are not allowed to advertise cigarettes in this country. (It is illegal…)
It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.
My father has quit smoking at last. (It is wonderful…)
It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking at last.
The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey. (It was a…)
It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey.
You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. (It is likely…)
It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
You have to take pills to control your blood pressure. (It is necessary…)
It is necessary for you to take pills to control your blood pressure.
2. Put the following sentences into English or Chinese.
It’s time to take actions to live a healthy life.
到了过健康生活的时候了。
It is our duty to tell people around us about the harmful effects of smoking.
向人们宣讲吸烟的危害，我们责无旁贷。
It is James who is addicted to smoking.
吸烟上瘾的是詹姆斯。
She found it tough to accustom herself to getting up early.
她觉得很难习惯早起。
It was disappointing that he refused my invitation.
失望的是，他拒绝了我的邀请
吸烟容易戒烟难。
It’s easy to start smoking but tough to quit.
到了开会的时候了。
It’s time for the meeting.
吸烟有害健康。它会导致肺癌。
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to health. It can cause lung cancer.
我认为吸毒是不健康的生活习惯。（take drugs）
I believe it an unhealthy habit to take drugs.
帮助詹姆斯改掉了吸烟恶习的是爷爷。
It was Grandad who/that helped James get rid of the bad habit of smoking.
