2017青海中考语法专题《动词的语态》课件（共18张PPT）

课件18张PPT。被动语态
Passive Voice一. 何时使用被动语态
1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要 Paper is made from wood. He was wounded in the fight.
2.需要强调动作的承受者时
Books and newspapers in the reading room
mustn't be taken away.
He was awarded first prize in that contest.
3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使
用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动
语态，使句子得以更好的安排。
The construction of the new lab must be
completed by the end of next month.
Electricity is used to run machines.
Discusion: the active voice 主动语态
& the passive voice被动语态什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？
主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？
3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？主语是动作的执行者就用主动语态
主语是动作的承受者就用被动语态We study English at school.
English is studied by us at school.我们用木头做家具。 那只老鼠被猫抓住了
相机是用来照相的。 Discusion 1: the active voice 主动语态
& the passive voice被动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态p.t.Discusion 2: the active voice 主动语态
& the passive voice被动语态We call the doctor.
People don’t play football here.
The truck was cleaned yesterday.Decide if these sentences are active or passive.Mr Chen teaches us English.
The classroom was cleaned.activeactivepassiveactivepassiveExercise ：1.The key ______for locking the classroom door.
A.uses B. is used C.is using D.use
2.A new school _______over there two years ago.
A. built B. was built C. build D. builds
3.The lost child ______ on October 7,1998.
A.was found B. is found
C. found D. find
4.A talk on Chinese history________in the school hall
yesterday.
A.is given B.give C.was given D. gave
BBACDisscusion 3: the active voice 主动语态
& the passive voice被动语态主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分
要变？怎么变？1. 把原句的宾语改为主语。2. 把原句的谓语动词改为被动语态结构( be + p.p.)。3. 把原句的主语改为by的宾语（用宾格）,可省略。e.g. She cleaned the room.The room was cleaned ( by her).1.The hunter killed the tiger.
The tiger ______ _______ by the hunter.was killed2. The naughty boy broke the window.
The window ______ _______ by the naughty boy.
3. People speak English all over the world.
English ______ _______ by people all over the world.Exercise ：将下列主动句改为被动句was brokenis spokenExercise ：translate the following sentences这些照片是上星期拍的 。
这本书是鲁迅写的。
史密斯一家被邀请参加了派对。
长江也叫扬子江。These photos were taken last week.This book was written by Lu Xun.The Smiths were invited to the party.The Changjiang River is also called theYangteze River..。Summary：什么时候用主动语态或被动语态？
主动语态和被动语态的动词结构是怎样的？
3. 主动语态句子变成被动语态句子哪三个部分要变？怎么变？1.I washed my clothes once a day.

My clothes was washed (by me) once a day.I was washed my clothes once a day.X√2.They took Jim to the hospital.3.Tom closed the shop just now.They was took Jim to the hospital.Jim was taken to the hospital by them.The shop closed Tom just now.The shop was closed (by Tom) just now.XX√√2 含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。 （1） 将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。 They call her XiaoLi. She is called XiaoLi.
（2）make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel,
notice. 此类动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不
加to,变为被动,必须加to .
My brother often made me do this and that
when I was young.
I was often made to do this and that by my
brother when I was young.
I heard her move about in her room upstairs
last night.
She was heard to move about in her room
uptairs last night.
Did you see Jack take away the magazine?
Was Jack seen to take away the magazine?
3. 情态动词的被动语态。是由情态V+be+
p.p.构成
They can not find him. He can not be found.
You must pay me for this.
I must be paid for this.
4. 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义.
The goods sells well. The door can't open.
5.有些词如want,need,require和 be worth后面
v-ing形式 为主动，意义为被动。
The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.
The book is worth reading.
6.主动语态中的宾语是从句，变成被动时使
用形式替代词it.
We know that Britain is an island country.
It's known that Britain is an island country.
7. 据说类动词： say, consider, think, report, know, believe,
suggest, understand, hope, etc.
如：It is said that… There is said to be…
Sth./Sb. is said to… 8.主动形式表被动
① 感官动词：sound,taste,smell,fell,look,
seem等主语是物时；
② 一些vi主动形式表被动含义
open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash,
clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh,
drink, pay, draw, etc.
③不定式to blame,to let（出租）作表语时，主动形式表被动含义
You are to blame.
The house is to let.
④表（sth）需要的need ,want, require等后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义
The house needs /wants/require repairing⑤be worth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义 The book is worth reading.