课件42张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceansThe Predicate 谓语用来说明主语的动作或状态, 由动词或动词词组担任。及物动词
不及物动词
连系动词
情态动词动词可分为:需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词, 及物动词后可跟一个宾语、直接宾语和间接宾语或一个宾语和宾语补足语。例如：及物动词 直接宾语
Children seek independence.
The trial raised a number of questions.
He made the shortest speech I have
ever heard. A couple were having a drink at
a table by the window.
He took photographs of Vita in
her summer house.直接宾语和间接宾语。例如：
They gave us a wonderfully warm welcome.
Mr. Schell wrote a letter the other day to the New York Times.
(… wrote the New York Times a letter.) I took out the black box and handed it to her. (… handed her the box.)
I had lent my apartment to a friend for the weekend.
He left the note for her on the table.一个宾语带宾语补足语。例如：
Willis’s jokes made her uneasy.
Last year they made him captain of the team.
The people named the place “Turbo Kutu”.
I thought it right to go there without delay.
Have you found it difficult to speak?不需要跟宾语的动词叫不及物动词。例如：
Her whole body ached.
Donald was lying on the bed.
Bob coughed all night.
All the leaves have fallen and winter is coming. 有几个不及物动词后可以跟有与之同形的名词, 这叫同源宾语。例如：
They are living a peaceful life.
= They are living peacefully.
He died a heroic death.
= He died heroically. The girl laughed a merry laugh.
= The girl laughed merrily.
He sighed a deep sigh.
= He sighed deeply.许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词。例如：
Gus asked me whether I’d like to have dinner with him. I accepted. (vi.)
I accepted the invitation. (vt.)
He painted every day. (vi.)
He painted vivid portraits of friends and acquaintances. (vt.)He ran as fast as he could. (vi.)
She ran a hotel in the centre of the city. (vt.)
Father never smoked or drank all his life. (vi.)
He drank a good deal of coffee. (vt.)At last she thanked them and left. (vi.)
All I know is that Michael and I never left the house. (vt.)连系动词虽具有词汇意义, 但需要带有表语才能构成动词谓语。例如：
The station seems a very small one.
They have remained loyal to the government.
Their hall was larger than his whole flat.The task of inspecting it proved to be exciting and interesting.
It sounds unnatural to us.
My memories of a London childhood are happy ones.
His body was the color of bronze.动词词组或称短语动词, 可以扩展或改变动词的意义, 它们的构成是：· 动词 + 副词
Mary went away for a few days.· 动词 + 介词
The other day I came across a letter from Brunei written in the last year of his life.
· 动词 + 副词 + 介词
You may have come up against unexpected difficulties.情态动词与动词连用构成的谓语。 例如：
I must leave very soon.
The rich ought to pay tuition fees for their children.
You may have heard of him.
You should not have done so.下面我们通过近年来的高考题共同复习一下谓语的常考点。1. 单个动词作谓语
【考例1】The reports went missing in
2012 and nobody _____ them since.
(2014大纲全国卷单项填空)
A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen【考例2】
If nothing _____, the oceans will turn into fish deserts. (2013湖南卷单项填空)
A. does B. had been done
C. will do D. is done【考例3】
—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the
moment.
—All right. I _____ him later.
(2015北京卷单项填空)
A. will call B. have called
C. call D. will be calling【考点透视】简单谓语有人称和数的变化, 有各种时态、语态和语气, 故高考题中对简单谓语的考查主要体现为对各种时态、语态和语气的考查。考例1中, 根据句末的since可知, 此处要用现在完成时。考例2中, nothing 与do之间是被动关系, 且由will turn into可知, do表示将来发生的动作。因为条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表将来, 故用一般现在时的被动语态。考例3中, 由“现在不在办公室”可知, 答话者会晚些时候再打电话过来, 故call表示将来发生的动作, 故用一般将来时。2. 短语动词作谓语
【考例1】
Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses
will _____ sooner or later.
(2015湖北卷单项填空)
A. stand out B. break up
C. get out D. turn up 【考例2】
Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she _____ it with hard work.
(2014大纲全国卷单项填空)
A. goes back on B. takes away from
C. makes up for D. catches up with【考点透视】
高考对短语动词作谓语的考查主要体现在词义辨析方面。考例1中, 由Don't worry 和I'm sure 可知, 眼镜迟早会出现（turn up）。考例2中, 由doesn't have a gift for music 及并列连词but 可知, 她是在用努力来弥补（makes up for）。3.“系动词+表语”构成的复合谓语
【考例1】
Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others _____ essential to their development.
(2013江苏卷单项填空)
A. is B. are C. was D. were【考例2】
Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _____ on Friday.
(2012辽宁卷单项填空)
A. get paid B. got paid
C. have paid D. had been paid【考点透视】系动词有一定的词义, 但不能单独作谓语, 要与作表语的名词、形容词、介词短语、过去分词等连用。常见的系动词有be, look, appear, keep, taste, feel, stay, become, get, remain, go, turn, grow等。考例1中, 句子的主语是students' inner motivation, 故系动词用单数形式, 又因为描述的是通常的情况, 故用一般现在时。考例2中, 从句中用一般现在时表示将来, 且I与pay 之间是被动关系, 故选get paid。4. “动词+不定式”构成的复合谓语
【考例】
The engine just won't start. Something seems _____ wrong with it.
(2013重庆卷单项填空)
A. to go B. to have gone
C. going D. having gone【考点透视】用于本结构的动词本身具有一定的词义, 但不能单独表达一个完整的意义, 必须同不定式结合起来才能使意义完整, 所以这类动词又被称为半助动词。常见的这类动词有appear, come, fail, get, happen, seem 等。高考题中对此类谓语的考查主要是考查不定式。要注意不定式根据不同的语境有不同的形式：一般式、进行式和完成式。在该考例中, 发动机出问题是“发动不起来”之前发生的事, 且因为seem后接不定式, 故在此用不定式的完成式。5. “be +形容词+不定式”构成的复合谓语
【考例1】
What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're _____ to be asleep.
(2011辽宁卷单项填空)
A. supposed B. known
C. thought D. considered【考例2】
Studies show that people are more _____ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
(2010陕西卷单项填空)
A. likely B. possible
C. probable D. sure【考点透视】
这部分的“be +形容词”结构也是半助动词, 本身虽有词义, 但不能独立作谓语, 要与不定式一起构成复合谓语。常见的这类结构有be able to, be anxious to, be bound to, be certain to, be determined to, be eager to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to等。6. “情态动词+实义动词”构成的复合谓语
【考例1】
I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
(2015天津卷单项填空)
A. mightn't B. mustn't
C. needn't D. couldn't【考例2】
Life is unpredictable; even the poorest _____ become the richest.
(2014江西卷单项填空)
A. shall B. must
C. need D. might【考点透视】
“情态动词+实义动词”构成的复合谓语, 在高考题中主要体现为对情态动词的考查。考例1中, 由“这里的同学们对我非常友好”可知, 我来新学校之前没必要(needn't)担心。考例2中, 由Life is unpredictable 可知, 应选might。题意为：生活是不可预料的, 甚至最贫穷的可能会变成最富有的。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _____ (keep) rising these days.
2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______________ (repair) at the garage.
3. What we used to think ____ (be) impossible does seem possible now. keepsis being repairedwas4. The moment the 30th Olympic Games ____________ (declare) open, the whole world cheered. was declared5. The use of credit cards in place of cash ____________ (increase) in recent years.
6. Newton _____________ (explain) the movements of the moon from the attraction of the earth.has increasedhas explained课件69张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceans We may well wonder how seamen
explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ship’s position on a map. 在经纬度未能绘出航船在地图上的位置之前，我们很想知道航海员是怎样在海上探险的。 Page 12【考点 1】
it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。
【考例】
The fact that she was foreign made ______ difficult for her to get a job in that country.
A. so B. much
C. that D. it 【点拨】
选 D。句意为“她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。” 句中的to get a job in that country 是动词不定式短语，作made的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，此处it作形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。【考点 2】
position 作名词，意为“位置，职位”。
【考例】
From their ______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A. stage B. position
C. condition D. situation【点拨】
选 B。句意为“从电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到城市的景色。” position 位置，符合句意。stage 舞台； condition 条件，环境； situation 形势，处境。2. The voyages of travelers before the 17th
century show that they were not at the
mercy of the sea even though they did
not have modern navigational aids.
17世纪以前的航海记录显示，即使没有
现代航海技术的帮助，他们也没有任凭
海洋摆布。【点拨】 此句是一个复合句。主句为：The voyages of travellers before the 17th century show；从句为 that 引导的 _____从句： that they were not ... modern navigational aids，作 _____ 的宾语。在此从句中，包含一个由 ___________ 引导的 _________ 从句：even though they did not have modern navigational aids。让步状语宾语showeven though(1) voyage n./ vi. 航海, 航行
e.g. The voyage from England to India used to take six months.
过去从英国航行到印度要六个月。
go on / make / take a sea voyage
去航海旅行
voyager n. 航行者, 航海者They have got everything ready to
make a _____ across the Atlantic.
A. trip B. travel
C. voyage D. tour(2) at the mercy of
【双语释义】
not able to stop sb. / sth. harming you because they have power or control over you 受……支配；对……无能为力；任由……摆布e.g. They were absolutely at the mercy of the king.
他们完全任国王处置。
We are at the mercy of the weather.
我们拿天气毫无办法。
I wouldn’t like to be at the mercy of such a cruel man.
我可不愿受如此残酷的人的摆布。 【小试】 根据所给提示完成下列句子。
They _______________ (对……毫不怜
悯) to the enemies.
2. ___________ (幸运的是) she wasn’t seriously hurt.
3. The old man was treated ____________ (无情地).showed no mercyIt is a mercywithout mercy4. The young man is not going to put
himself ______________________ (任
由银行摆布).at the mercy of the bank(3) even though 用作连词，意为“尽管，
即使”，引导让步状语从句。There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ______ she was an only child.
A. ever since B. now that
C. even though D. even aseven though “尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。 ever since “自从……以来”，常和完成时态连用；now that “既然，由于”；even as “正当，恰恰在……的时候”。【拓展】
even though 和 even so 的区别：even though = even if 用作连词，引导让步状语从句；even so 用作副词，意思是“尽管这样/那样，即便如此”。
Your uncle seems to be a good driver; _____, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car.
A. even so B. even though
C. therefore D. so3. This seems to have been the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk.
minimum (min) adj. 最小的, 最低的
n. 最小值, 最小化
其反义词为: maximum (max)
adj. 最高的, 最多的, 最大极限的
n. 最大量, 最大限度, 极大e.g.
The minimum requirements for the job are a degree and two years’ experience.
该工作的最低要求是要有学位和两年
的工作经验。
You must get a minimum of 40
questions right to pass the examination.
你最少必须答对40道题才能通过考试。 keep / reduce sth. to a minimum
将某物保持在/降低到最低限度
e.g. The school manages to keep bullying to a minimum. 学校设法最低限度得减少 恃强凌弱的行为。
The maximum number of students in each class is 58.
每个班学生人数的最高限额是58名。4. Seabirds could be used to show the way
to land when it was nowhere to be seen.
【考点】 when在高考中常考的用法有：
1) 作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。2) 作连接副词，引导名词性从句或不定式，意为“什么时候”。从句使用陈述句语序，时态根据实际情况而定。3) 作关系副词，引导定语从句。4) 意为“这时”，构成句型： ... was / were about to do ... when ...； ... was / were doing ... when ...； ... was / were going to do ... when ...； ... was / were on the point of doing ... when ...； ... had done ... when ...。【考例】 Tom was about to close the window _____ his attention was caught by a bird.
A. when B. if
C. and D. till
【点拨】 选A。句意为“汤姆正要关窗，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引了。” be about to do sth. when ... 是一个固定句式，表示“某人正要做……这时……”。nowhere adv. 无处, 到处都无
该词用于句首时，要用倒装语序。
e.g. I have no job and nowhere to live.
我没工作，也没地方住。
Nowhere could I see him.
我哪儿也看不到他。 Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ______ such a beautiful palace.
A. can you find B. you could find
C. you can find D. could you findnowhere else 是否定词，以否定词开头的句子要进行倒装。根据上一个句子的谓语动词可确定用一般现在时。
注：nowhere 置于句首时，句子要用倒装的语序。5. So seamen could follow the birds to land
even if they were offshore and in the
open sea.
offshore adj./adv. 向海面吹的, 离岸的, 海
面上的, 海上/下作业的
offshore workers 海上作业的工人
offshore bank/company/investment
境外银行/公司/投资offshore wind/current etc.
从陆地吹向海面的风/离岸的潮流
e.g. The storm moved offshore.
风暴离岸移动。
A boat moored offshore.
船在近海下锚。6. They could accelerate the speed, but
they could also be dangerous.
accelerate vi./vt.
= to (cause to) move faster 加速, 促进
e.g. She accelerated her car and passed the bus in front.
她加快车速超过了前面的公共汽车。
The car suddenly accelerated.
那辆车突然开始加速。 There was no secure method of
measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem.
secure
adj. 安全的, 可靠的, 放心的, 无虑的
v. 保护, 使安全
e.g. Our house is secure from flood.
我们的房子没有被淹的危险。Page 13security n.安全，保安，保护
e.g. Security was tight during the
President’s visit.
总统来访期间, 保安工作十分严密。
For security reasons the visitors
were searched. 为了安全起见, 来宾受到了检查。Some measures are needed to secure the bank from a flood. 这道堤防需要采取一些措施, 免得被洪水冲坏。2. The compass has a special magnetic
pointer which always indicates the
North Pole.
magnetic adj. 磁的, 有磁性的, 有吸引
力的
magnet n. 磁体, 磁铁
a magnetic recorder 磁录音机 e.g. a magnetic compass bearing
可分辨磁极方向的罗盘
a magnetic person
有魅力的人
The iron has lost its magnetic force.
这铁已失去磁力。 3. Then he could tell if he was sailing on his correct rather than a random course.
random n. 随意, 任意
adj. 任意的, 随便的, 胡乱的
make a random choice 任意选择
at random = aimlessly; without any
plan 随机，随便e.g. The travelers at the airport were searched at random.
(搜查人员对)机场上的旅客随便选 几个人加以搜查。
Soiled dishes were piled at random.
脏碟子乱七八糟地堆着。4. It was awkward to use as one of the
points of reference was the moving ship
itself.
awkward adj. 难使用的, 笨拙的, 尴尬的;
棘手的, 难处理的An awkward situation arose during the peace talks.
在和平谈判中出现了棘手的情况。e.g. There was an awkward silence, when no one knew what to say.
当谁都不知道说什么时，出现了令人尴
尬的沉默。5. This was a more precise and simplified version of the astrolabe.
precise adj. 精确的, 准确的
precision n. 精确(性), 精密(度)
e.g. A lawyer needs a precise mind. 律师需要一丝不苟的精神。
A camera is an instrument of precision. 照相机是一种精密仪器。 【拓展】
precisely adv. 准确地；恰好地
to be (more) precise
确切地说，准确地说
e.g. The shelf is about a meter long —
well, 98 cm, to be precise.
架子长约1米。嗯，准确地说，是98
厘米。【小试】 用 precise 的适当形式填空。
I can be reasonably _______ about the
time of the incident.
2. The children are _________ the ones who will suffer if they get divorced.precisepreciselysimplify vt. 单一化, 简单化
simple adj. 简单的
e.g. The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand. 这个故事里的英语被简写以便更容易理解。
His father lived a simple life in the country.
他父亲在农村过着简朴的生活。6. It was easier to handle because it was
more portable.
【考点 1】
handle的意义和用法。句中的handle 是及物动词, 表示“操作, 操纵”。此外, handle还有“拿；指挥；管理, 处理； 经营”等含义。【考例】
As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to ________ the problem.
A. handle B. raise
C. face D. present【点拨】
本题考查动词辨析。句意为：因为这儿没有人知道机器到底出了什么毛病，所以我们必须派人去请一位工程师来处理这个问题。由句意可知，handle 符合语境。raise 举起，提高，提出；face 面对，朝；present 赠送，呈交。【考点 2】
句型“主语 + 系动词 + 形容词 + to do”的用法。在此结构中, 如动词不定式表示的动作与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且形容词表示主语的特征或性质，则用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如果动词不定式的动词是不及物动词, 则要后接相应的介词。【考例】
I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe
C. breathing D. being breathed
【点拨】第二个句子结构为 “be + 形容词 + to do”，用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。portable adj. 轻便的, 手提(式)的, 便携
式的
a portable typewriter 提式打字机
a portable generator 便携式发电机7. Its shortcoming was that it still used
the moving ship as one of the fixed
points of reference.reference n. 提及, 涉及, 参考, 参考书目,
证明书(人), 介绍信(人)
e.g. At the meeting the teacher made
references to his heroic deeds.
在会上老师提到了他的英雄事迹。
These are reference books for teachers.
这些是教师参考书。refer v. 提到, 涉及, 查阅, 咨询
e.g. Her pupils often refer to this dictionary.
她的学生经常查这本字典。
Don’t refer to it again. 别再提那件事。shortcoming n. 缺点, 短处(常用复数)
e.g. In spite of all her shortcomings, she is still the best teacher the school has.
她尽管有些缺点，但仍然是该校最好的教师。8. The sextant was the updated version of
the astrolabe and quadrant which
reduced the tendency to make mistakes.
update v. 使现代化, 修正, 校正, 更新
n. 现代化, 更新
updated adj. 最新的, 现代化的, 适时的
an updated and revised edition
最新修订本tendency n. 趋向, 倾向
e.g. We’ve noticed a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
我们注意到一种趋势，越来越多的人在家里工作而不在办公室里上班。have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事, 往往会做某事
e.g. Jean’s nice but she has a tendency
to talk too much.
简人倒不错，就是往往太唠叨。9. It proved to be the most accurate and
reliable of these early navigational
instruments.
reliable adj. 可靠的, 可信赖的
rely v. 依赖, 依靠, 信赖, 信任, 依赖于
reliability n.可靠性
e.g. She may forget to come --- she is not
very reliable.
她可能忘来了，她太不可靠。课文长句难句剖析
The compass has a special magnetic pointer which always indicates the North Pole, so it is used to help find the direction that the ship needs to go. 译文：指南针有一个特殊的磁针，始终指着北极。因此人们用它来帮助找出船只所要去的方向。剖析: pointer 是先行词, which 是引导词, 在从句中作主语, 引导后面定语从句always indicates the North Pole; so 引导后面的是结果状语从句; it 作形式主语, 真正的主语是 to help find the direction; the direction 作为先行词, that 是引导词, 引导定语从句 the ship needs to go。I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。
1. The v______ from England to India used to take 6 months.
2. A senior Chinese official said that China would actively plan its deep space ___________ (探险) over the next five years.voyageexploration3. Suddenly, the sun rose above the h______, and it looked just like a golden disk giving its dazzling sunshine.
4. ________ (海草), which can be very tiny, or quite large, growing up to 30 metres long, are a fascinating and diverse group of organisms living
in the earth’s oceans.horizonSeaweeds5. As the t____ receded we were able to look for shells.
6. She s________ the instructions so that the children could understand them easily.
7. His book on history contains many __________ (提到) to George Washington. tidesimplifiedreferences8. He ________ (存) a sum of money in the bank each month.
9. The railway t________ shows the time when the trains arrive and depart.
10. The __________ (最低的) wage is 4.25 dollars an hour.timetableminimumdepositsII. 用适当的介词填空。
1. I have nothing to say ____ relation to that matter.
2. The refugees were ____ sea for forty days before reaching land.
3. What will you do when you’re ____ the mercy of the weather?
4. We were caught ____ the storm and got drenched.inatatin5. Many of the tourists _____ board had begun bargaining with the tradesman.
6. They set out ____ sunrise.
7. _____ addition to an album, I gave him a pen and a pencil.
8. He is ____ his journey to Canada.onatInonIII. 用方框内所给词组的适当形式完成下
列句子(其中有两个词组是多余的)。cope with, at the mercy of, work out, set loose, close to, take ... off, to one’s astonishment, attach ... to, take over, compare ... with, in addition to, aim to1. ______________ giving a general introduction to computer, the course also provides practical experience.
2. He used to tell me that he ________
be a writer but it turned out
that he became a doctor.In addition toaimed to3. It was a reasonable assessment and probably pretty ________ the truth.
4. The workers find themselves absolutely ________________ the capitalists．
5. Inexperienced as he was, he could __________ the difficulties wonderfully well.close toat the mercy ofcope with6. He kept his men alive by keeping them busy so as to ____ their minds ___ their stomachs and their thirst.
7. She _________ great value ___ being financially independent.attaches totake off8. I spotted a shooting star which, ______ ____________, was bright green in color.
9. When she fell ill, her daughter ________ the business from her.
10. There will be a full investigation to ________ what caused the accident.astonishmenttook overwork outto my课件27张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceansLearning about Language1. Replace the words underlined by ones of similar meaning from the reading passage.1) Seeing the dark clouds above him, George hurried for home.
2) Sailing a boat alone far away from the shore made Flora’s parents worry about her safety.overhead offshore 3) Clare, would you please put your bicycle next to the others in the shed?
4) “Why don’t you plot a more simple route with the smallest number of stops?” asked Mary.
5) Setting out on a long journey by sea with unskilled sailors would be dangerous especially if there were no modern navigational instruments. alongside simplified minimum voyage seamen 2. Find the words from the reading passage that are the opposite of these compound words. _________ anywhere _________ upload
_________ inward _______ unreliable
_________ land flower
____________ strong pointnowhere download outward reliable seaweed shortcoming 3. Write down the words you know, which
are related to navigation and sea.4. Complete the following paragraph with the words below.Samuel the sailor was extremely good at plotting his course using the stars as a _________. One day he was determined to set out on a _______ across an unknown sea to an unknown continent. He set out with his instruments so he would not be at the ______ of the sea. He found on his ________ journey a rocky island. It seemed to be covered in nests. reference voyage mercy outward Suddenly, as Samuel looked, an enormous bird swooped down and picked him up as if he were a/ an _________ parcel. It __________ its speed and rose straight up into the air so as to reach the ______ place on the rocks where its nest lay. Once there, it shook itself and threw Samuel in the ____________ direction of the nest. awkward accelerated precise approximate There seemed to be ________ to hide but then he noticed lots of ________ on his left and quickly hid under it. The bird landed nearby and pecked _________ at the rocks. Samuel rolled over swiftly and found himself at the edge of the cliff. He looked down slowly with a beating heart. Below him was his boat lying _________ the shore! nowhere seaweed randomly alongside “How lucky I am!” Samuel thought to himself. He then gave a mighty leap and landed in it. Once inside he could safely sail away.Read the information below and learn more about Captain Cook. Then underline the predicates in
the sentences.1. James Cook was a great English navigator and Pacific Ocean expedition leader.
2. He had not only an outstanding ability in navigation and exploration, but also a real concern for sailors’ health. He carried out compulsory dietary reforms that were copied by many other ship captains.3. He had led three great Pacific voyages during his life.
4. In his first Pacific voyage in 1769, James Cook rounded Cape Horn, then spent six months charting New Zealand, and finally explored and claimed possession of eastern Australia.5. In 1772, Captain Cook set sail to look for a “theorized great southern continent”. Although they could not manage to reach the Antarctic owing to the ice, he predicted that if it did exist, it would have to be a wasteland. 6. In 1776, Captain cook started his third Pacific voyage, searching for the Northwest Passage from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean. Unfortunately, he was killed in a dispute with Hawaiian nativesand his men’s attempt at the Northwest Passage was unsuccessful. However, this voyage is still recognized as especially significant in the history of the discovery of the west coast of North America.2. Complete the following dialogue, using verbs in heir proper forms. Remember to read the conversation before and after each blank before you fill it in.Susan: Do you think you’ll be going to that pop concert next week?
Clare: No. Let’s forget about that as it’ll soon be time for our exams.Susan: ______________________________
Clare: I don’t really think I need to do more revision. I’ve done enough but it’ll help me forget the concert you’ll be enjoying.
Susan: ______________________________ ______________________________
Clare: Actually there is a reason. I don’t think I’m going to have enoughDo you need to do more revision?Is there another reason why you don’t want to come to the concert? money even though I’ve been saving especially for this occasion.
Susan: _____________________________ _____________________________ ____________________________ _________________________
Clare: Well, thank you for offering to help me. I’ll happily clean your father’s car if he’ll pay me too.Perhaps I can help you. I always earn extra money by cleaning cars. My father always pays me when I clean his.Susan: _____________________________ ____________________________
Clare: I hope you’ll thank him for me. I’d never be allowed to clean my father’s car. He is so proud of it he won’t let anyone touch it.
Susan: ______________________________ ______________________________I’m sure he will. He’s always been kind to my friends.Oh this is my father’s fourth car so the excitement has worn off a little.Clare: His fourth car? My goodness. He must have been earning a lot of money to have owned so many.
Susan: ______________________________ __________________________
Clare: Oh I see! That explains things. Please would you phone him now and ask him when it would be I suppose so. He has his own business so he needs a car for his work. convenient for me to clean it?
Susan: _____________________________
Clare: That’s so kind of you. Now while I’m doing the cleaning perhaps you can order our tickets for the concert. I’ll go and get ready to begin work. See you soon. Thanks and goodbye.Of course I’ll do that right away. Finish Using Words and Expressions and Using Structures on page 61-62.课件12张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceansListening and speaking1. Read these words and then listen to the tape. Circle those aids that early sailors used to find their way.2. Listen to the tape again and fill in the chart.Norway Pacific Studied the waves of the ocean Watched birds to find land 3. These are some Viking sailing directions from Norway to Greenland. Sail west but keep to the north of the Shetland Islands so you can hardly see them in good weather.
Stay far enough south of the Faroes so that their steep mountains are just halfway up the horizon.Keep south of Iceland so that you cannot see land but just coastal birds.
Follow this route and you should reach Greenland.Use the information from the listening to explain these sailing strategies.Vikings used to prefer to sail following the coastline so they could check that they were on the correct route.
Vikings used birds, and natural features like mountains, to direct their ships. 4. Polynesian seamen had traditional sayings to help them with their sailing. Can you explain what they mean?
“If you can read the ocean, you will never be lost.”Study the waves so that you can read what will happen in the weather or when land is close.2. “Watch for when the sun grows.”
3. “The stars are the eyes of Heaven.”The position of the morning sun on the horizon can help you check your course.The stars can give you information about your position and can help you “see” where you are.4. “When the bird flies out to sea, the sea will grow calm.” Birds do not fly out to sea if a storm is coming so a bird flying away from the shore means good weather.课件58张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceansIndian OceanPacific OceanAtlantic OceanArctic OceanQuestion: How many oceans are there in
the world?Warming upWhat is a navigator?A navigator explores new routes across the sea.What is the difference between a navigator and an explorer?Navigatorseanautical instrumentsfind new islands or continentsA navigator explores the sea.Explorerlanduse compass and landmarksfind new places within an already identified island or continent An explorer discovers new places on land. Zheng HeMarco PoloJames CookLook at these famous people. Are they navigators or explorers? What do you know about them?Zheng He
1371-1433He led a large fleet to explore
Southeast Asia, India and the
Middle East in the Ming Dynasty. Altogether he made 7 voyages in the 15th century. He travelled more than 50,000 km and visited 30 countries new to China and developed many trade links. He is considered one of the earliest
naval explorers in Chinese history.Marco Polo
1254--1324He is the most famous westerner
to travel the Silk Road and the only person to provide information about China to the outside world. In 1271 he set out to reach the Mongol Empire and then China. In 1295, he arrived back in Europe. Three years later he was imprisoned by the Genoese. While in prison, he told the storyof his travels to a fellow prisoner who wrote his adventures down. When his book was published it became a best-seller.The Map of Marco Polo’s voyageJames Cook1728-1779James Cook was the greatest Britain navigator. Cook joined in the Royal Navy in 1755. In 1768 he was promoted and sent to the Pacific where he surveyed Tahiti, New Zealand, and Australia. On his famous second expedition (1772-1775) he explored Antarctica. In 1776 he undertook his third and finalvoyage in which he explored the West Coast of North America and tried to locate a passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
On this voyage he discovered the Hawaiian Islands, and sailed up the coast of North America through the Bering Straits to the Arctic Ocean. On his return he was killed by Hawaiian islanders.
He is regarded as one of the world’s greatest explores and navigators.The four basic instruments for navigation: compass, astrolabe, sextant and nautical chart.compassastrolabesextantnautical chartAnswer the questions.1. How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented?Kept close to the shore, used nature such as the sun, wind, birds, tide, etc, to help them, and used some of the instruments including a compass, astrolabe, etc.2. Which do you think was easier to work out: latitude or longitude?Latitude, because it was used to measure how far you had traveled from land on a straight line. It was discovered a long time before longitude.3. Can you identify these early navigational instruments seamen used and explain how they are used?1) compass (in ancient China)
2) astrolabe
3) sextant
4) sea / nautical / marine chart4. Which ones do you think are still used
today?Sea charts are still used today.Sailing the oceansRead about what navigation was like before modern instruments were used. How did seamen explore the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ship’s position?Using nature Keeping alongside the coastline
Using celestial bodies
Using wildlife
Using the weather
Using the seaUsing celestial bodiesto plot the positionsto work out the latitudea special cloud formation which indicates there is land close byNorth StarSunCloudsUsing wildlifeIf seaweed was fresh and smelled strongly, the ship was close to land.Seabirds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen.SeaweedBirdsUsing the weatherTo help identify the position of a stream or river when …To direct their sailingWindsUse the information to analyze the navigational skills and write the answers in your own words.To find the ship’s position at sea a sailor used _______________________.
A sailor knew that land was nearby if he saw ______________________________ _________________________________.
Sailors used ______________________ ______ to increase their speed.the North Star and the sunsea currents or tides andwindsUsing nature clouds, fresh seaweed, nesting birds returning home in the evening or fog What skills did sailors use to explore the seas and discover new lands?Using navigational instruments 1. Finding longitude 2. Finding latitudethe compass the bearing circle (方位圆) the astrolabe (星盘) the quadrant (象限仪, 四分仪) the sextant (六分仪)Read again and fill in the blanks.There were two methods to find longitude: 1. __________________________
2. __________________________
______________________measuring time and speedcompass and complicatedmathematical tablesUsing instruments Write down the working principles of the following instruments.
Bearing circle:
Astrolabe: to compare the height of the sun now with the position of the sun at midday. to compare the position of the ship in relation to some stars or the sun. Quadrant:a more precise form of the astrolabe, to measure how high stars are above the horizon, and compare that measurement with previous measurements (using the ship as one of the fixed points to find its position) Sextant:an updated version of the quadrant and so it was more accurate, to measure the angle between two fixed points outside the ship (using two mirrors to find the ship’s position). horizonSun heightA Bearing CircleBearing the sun --- height and azimuth (The marks were used to measure the shadow of the sun and its height and position in the sky.)(方位)Read the passage and answer the following questions. What is the use of a bearing circle, astrolabe, quadrant or sextant? ( ) What is the use of a compass? ( ) A. to set the course of the ship B. to measure the position of the ship C. to measure the speed of the ship
D. to tell the timeBAUsing instruments Skim the text and fill in the blanks.plotlatitudeWildlifewayidentifytides and currentscompasssextant1. Read the passage carefully and then answer the questions.1) Why are speed and time important in working out the longitude of a ship?
Speed and time are important in finding out the longitude of a ship because the earth moves fifteen degrees westwards every hour. If you know your direction, speed and time, you can work out the approximate longitude or change in your position in relation to the stars.2) Why is the position of the sun and
various stars useful for working out
latitude?
The position of the sun and stars are useful for working out latitude because they are fixed points in the sky and their movements in relation to the earth are already known. So they can be used to measure a ship’s position.2. Suppose you were a sea captain aiming to sail round Africa. Discuss in groups.
1) What skills would you seek in your sailors?
2) What problems would you anticipate for this journey?wait till the storm is over, and then find your new position and return to your original course3. Read the chart below and fill in your
plans of action to deal with them.use knots to find your speed and work out your approximate longitudeuse the compass and the astrolabe, quadrant or sextant to find out your position, return to your former course follow nesting birds to shore;
look for special cloud formations or fog over streams to find landuse a compassmeasure your position using the sun or stars; look for sea birds, cloud formations, fog or seaweed to show that land is nearby4. Imagine you are on a boat with twenty-nine other people. You have a small box for your personal things but it can only hole ten items. What would you need for a week’s journey across the North Sea to England?soapblanketcards, chessshirt, trousersknife, scissorssea-sick tablets, cold medicinenovels, essay collectionswaterproof boots1. Review this passage.
2. Preview Learning about language. Unit 2 Sailing the oceans
I. 单元教学目标
技能目标Goals
Talk about early navigation
Talk about discovery and exploration of an unknown land
Learn about some famous navigators and explorers
Learn to express the cause and effect
Learn to use the Predicate
Write a report about a navigator or an adventurous story
Ⅱ.目标语言
词
汇
voyage mercy encyclopedia alongside exploration minimum celestial pole equator horizon overhead seaweed nowhere offshore accelerate outward tide secure log knot nautical magnetic random awkward reference precise simplify portable shortcoming update tendency reliable swoop parcel peck cliff expedition compulsory survival incident departure crew deposit dilemma drawback dusk routine reckon reckoning starvation psychology psychologically tension gradual gradually foresee thirst tear hardship jaw background roar
at the mercy of nautical mile set loose jaws of death
功
能
句
式
Cause & effect
Why are you...? How could you ...?
Why did you...? Because of ....
It was because.... The reason is that ....
As he.... Since she ....
Now that.... Therefore, ...
He was due to.... It is ..., so I’m afraid ....
That's why.... He .... so he is ill with fever after the voyage.
语
法
复习谓语(The Predicate)
So how did they navigate so well?
As you can see from the map we kept to straight course pretty well.
The tension in the boat got worse as the supply of food and water gradually disappear
So accomplished navigators were able to use it to plot their position.
Captain Cook had led three great Pacific voyages during his life.
I’ll go and get ready to begin work.
重
点
句
子
You may well wonder…(p12)
… show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though…(p12)
Sea birds could be used to show the way to land when it was nowhere to be seen. (p12)
There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century when the British solved this theoretical problem. (p13)
Its shortcoming was that it still used the moving ship as one of the fixed points of reference. (p13)
I am proud to have sailed with Captain Bligh on his journey of…(p17)
You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what we looked like when arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in…(p17)
分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching Aims:
a. Key words and expressions
navigate, navigator, navigation, navigational; explore, explorer, exploration
b. Talk about sailing the oceans.
Teaching Methods:
Discussion to arouse the students’ interest in sailing and exploring the oceans.
Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
Step1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step2 Revision
Check the homework exercises.
Step 3 Presentation
Present the students a map of the world and tell them “Today we are going to learn a new unit “Sailing the oceans”. Then ask them to turn to page 11 and give them a few minutes to have a discussion.
Step 4 Discussion
In pairs discuss the questions on page11.This discussion is intended for students to explore the difference between a navigator and an explorer. This difference is important to establish because it encourages students to appreciate shades of meaning in the definitions f words and also because it establishes the idea of categories.
After a few minutes, ask some pairs to speak out their result of the discussion. Then sum up and check the answers.
A navigator explores new routes across the sea.
An explorer discovers new places on land.
A navigator is somebody who finds the position and plots the course of a ship, an aircraft, a car, etc, using maps and instruments. An explorer is somebody who travels into or through a place in order to learn about it. Very often navigators are also explorers.
In history there are four famous voyage explorers in the world, including Zheng He in China, James Cook in England, Christopher Columbus in Spain and Abel Tasman in Holland.
In this unit we’ll talk about Zheng He, James Cook and some other explorers like Marco Polo and Captain Bligh.
Step 5 Pre-speaking
Ask the students if they want to know some famous navigators and explorers. Then present them some pictures and some related information about them.
About Zheng He.
About Marco Polo
About James Cook
About Ferdinand Magellan
Step 6 Speaking
After showing the students the pictures and their background information, ask the students to think about the question: How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented? If time is limited, this can be left as their homework.
Step 7 Homework
1. Read the new words.
2. Preview Reading SAILING THE OCEANS on page 12.
The Second Period Reading
Teaching Aims:
a. Learn and master the key words and expressions
voyage mercy minimum nowhere pole overhead offshore accelerate outward longitude latitude precise simplify portable shortcoming updated tendency reliable
at the mercy of, even though, work out, be used to, in relation to, aim to , …
b. Train the students’ reading ability. Let the students have some knowledge of early navigational methods. Explain how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of navigational instruments were used to sailors before the 17th century when they were navigating the open seas without seeing the land.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to help the students understand the reading passage better.
How to improve the students’ reading ability.
Teaching Methods:
Scanning the text to get the general idea of it.
Carefully reading to finish the Comprehending exercises on page 14.
Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better.
Teaching Aids:
The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboard
Teaching procedures & ways
Step1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step2 Revision
Check the homework exercises.
Step3 Pre-reading
Show the students some pictures to see if they can identify the early navigational instruments seamen used and explain how they used.
Step 4 Discussion
Discuss the questions on page11.
Step 5 Listening and comprehending
After listening to the contents of the text do the comprehending exercises on page 14&15.
Step 6 Explanation
After comprehending, it is a good time to deal with the new words and language points in this part, esp. the following:
voyage mercy minimum nowhere pole overhead offshore accelerate outward longitude latitude precise simplify portable shortcoming updated tendency reliable
at the mercy of, even though, work out, be used to, in relation to, aim to ,
Step7 Discussion
Let’s the students have a discussion by working in pairs or in groups.
Topic: Imagine you are on a boat with twenty-nine other people. You have a small box for your personal things but it can only hole ten items. What would you need for a week’s journey across the North Sea to England?
Suggested Answer:
Category
Items
Category
Items
Clothes
shirt, trousers
Shoes
waterproof boots
Hygiene
soap
Tools
knife, scissors
Bedding
blanket
Medicines
sea-sick tablets, cold medicine
Games
cards, chess
Books
novels, essay collections
Step8 Summary
This reading explains how seamen explored the oceans and what kind of navigational instruments were used to sailors before the seventeenth century when they were navigating the open seas without seeing the land.
Step9 Homework
Finish the exercises about using words and expression on page61.
The Third Period Extensive Reading
Teaching Aims:
a. Learn and master the key words and expressions
incident departure crew deposit dilemma drawback dusk routine pretty starvation extreme psychologically tension gradually foresee thirst hardship
b. Train the students’ reading ability.
Teaching Difficult Points:
a. How to help the students understand the reading passage better.
b. How to improve the students’ reading ability.
Teaching Methods:
Scanning the text to get the general idea of it and do some other comprehending exercises.
Discussion after reading to make the students understand the text better.
Teaching Aids:
The multimedia; a tape recorder; the blackboard
Teaching procedures & ways
Step1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step2 Revision
Check the homework exercises.
Suggested answers to Exercise3:
I have gradually accepted the routine at school now that I am in the advanced class and make my own study plan.
The drawback of using that girl for the advertising was her square jaw which made her look unfriendly.
Mathematics is a subject which demands precise and accurate work.
In the park I saw a small boy holding the string of a kite overhead, which was rising and falling at the mercy of the wind.
That explorer wanted to secure his place in history by being the first man to reach the South Pole.
Step3 Reading
a. Listen to the passage and then let them do some true or false questions according to the text.
1. I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.
2. After the crew took over the ship “Boundy”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart, a compass and a quadrant.
3. It was very difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.
4. Captain Bligh used a system called “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position.
5. We completely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.
6. Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.
7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way.
8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.
Answers: (FFTFFTTF)
b. Give the students a few minutes to read the passage again and then get the general idea of the text.
This is the storey of Captain Bligh’s amazing journey across the Pacific Ocean in an open boat with his followers after another group of sailors under Fletcher Christian had taken over the ship. Later Captain Bligh and his men made for the island of Timor using a combination of navigational skill and “dead reckoning”, which is guessing the correct direction. The voyage lasted over 40 days and was one of the greatest examples of survival at sea.
c. Explain some difficult sentences, phrases and words.
Key phrases:
1. in addition 另外
There was an earthquake and, in addition, there were tsunamis.
除了地震之外，还有海啸。
比较：in addition, in addition to
in addition= as well, besides 相当于副词
in addition to=as well as 相当于介词
In addition, the owner of the land may charge an extra fee.
In addition to swimming, she likes tennis.
2. cope with 有效地或成功地对付或应付
A family and a full time job is a lot to cope with.
照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要花很多精力。
She is not a competent driver and can’t cope with driving in heavy traffic.
她不是一个称职的司机，在交通拥挤时就开不好车。
比较: deal with只是采取行动去对付某人或某事，并不考虑成功与否。
3. take one’s mind off 使某人的注意力离开
keep one’s mind on…专心于，把注意力集中于
put one’s mind into/to…专心于
4.set loose出发, 使爆炸, 引起, (使)开始(做某事)
Someone has set the tigers loose from their cage and they are terrorizing the town.
When we escape, shall we set the other prisoners loose?
5.the jaws of death / defeat= used to describe an unpleasant situation that almost happens鬼门关，失败的险境
The team snatched victory from the jaws of defeat.
这个队翻盘而险胜。
Step4 Discussion
Discuss these situations in fours and then hold a class discussion.
Would you have behaved like the person in the reading and joined Captain Bligh in the open boat or stayed on the “Bounty”? You should have reasons for your choice.
2. At the time that the nineteen men in the boat sailed for Timor they did not know if they would survive or not. What do you think were the most important things they would need to take with them? Who should decide these items? Remember that the boat was already very full with people and could not hold very much more.
3. Many men who wanted to go into the boat were unable to because of the lack of space. If they stayed on the “Bounty” and were caught by the British navy, they should be killed according to the law.
4. What would the students have done to avoid being caught and punished if they had been part of the group who took over the “Bounty”? Would they have gone back to Tahiti or looked for another place to live? Which place would be the safest?
5. After the discussion let students prepare for the speaking exercise and encourage them to make notes of their ideas. Follow this format: Discuss in pairs. Make a list of the ideas.
6. Swap ideas with another pair and resolve differences. Make a new list of the ideas.
7. One member of the group should give the ideas to the class in turn. Other groups can discuss these ideas and evaluate them.
One sample dialogue:
Li Pei (LP), Du Zhou (DZ), Wen Fuqing (WF) and Liu Yongfu (LY) are discussing the journey and Captain’s Bligh’s leadership qualities.
LP: Why are you convinced that this journey shows the greatest navigational skill? I’m sure there must have been others that were as good, if not better!
DZ: Do you know of many other sea voyages of this kind?
WF: Well, there’s that journey by Shackleton from Elephant Island in the Antarctic to get help from another island with a whaling station. He wanted to rescue his men. The weather was terrible and he was in an open boat, too.
LY: How can you think that journey was more difficult? It didn’t last very long. Captain’s Bligh’s journey lasted over forty days, was very hot and they had very little food and water. It was because Captain Bligh was a great leader that they survived.
DZ: Now that I’ve heard about it I am very impressed. All those men pushed together in a very small boat, it must have been terrible for them to stay friendly. Meanwhile they were being driven mad by lack of fresh water and there was all that salt water all around them. That’s the reason I think it was the greatest sea escape.
LP: When you put it that way I suppose it was a great achievement. Captain Bligh was certainly excellent in the way he kept the men occupied and tried to take their minds off their troubles. In addition he treated everyone the same when it came to food or water. So I think you are right and it was the greatest example of navigational skill against the odds! Do you agree?
DA, WF and LY (together): Yes. We do.
Step5 Homework
Finish exercises in workbook.
After class write a report to your letter explaining to him why you think Captain Bligh should or should not receive the medal.
Sample letter
Dear Sir，
I think Captain Bligh should certainly receive a special medal for his amazing voyage across the sea to Timor. This is a journey that could not have been completed without great navigational skill. In addition Captain Bligh did not lose one man.
First, he showed his leadership qualities by sharing the food and water fairly with the men in the boat. Everyone was treated equally and this made for good feeling between the members of the boat.
Second, he kept everyone in the boat cheerful by discussing what they would do when they arrived safely. No one was allowed to think about what might happen if they did not arrive!
Third, he kept them occupied by organizing the complicated mathematical calculations needed to find their position at sea. The crew who had taken over the “Bounty” had left Captain Bligh with only a quadrant and a compass. This meant that numerous calculations were needed to find their correct position. Captain Bligh regularly and each person was given a different activity was important because it stopped the men from thinking about how little food and water there was.
So I hope you will give Captain Bligh this medal. He has shown leadership, fairness and concern for his crew and helped them return to England safely.
Yours,
(your name)
The Fourth Period Practicing
Learning about Language
Teaching Aims:
Revise the language points learned in the last period.
Do the exercises in this part.
Teaching Important Points:
Discover useful words and expressions.
Revise useful structures.
Teaching Methods:
Discussion method.
Pair work or group work.
Teaching Aids:
1. a computer; 2. courseware
Teaching procedures
Step1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step2 Revision
Translate the following sentences into English:
我对杰夫真是搞不明白，他忽而对我友好，忽而对我视若路人。
I can’t work out Geoff out; one day he’s friendly, the next day he ignores me completely.
2. 他认为美与善是一致的。
He identifies beauty with goodness．
3. 到周末你很可能会发现你需要更多东西。
You might well find that you’ll need more by the weekend.
4. 他们在海上迷失的方向,任凭风和天气的摆布。
They were lost at sea, at the mercy of wind and weather.
5. 即便他能通过考试，以后找工作也成问题。
He will have problems in finding a job even if he can pass the exam.
6. 他把车沿着围墙停放。
He parked his car alongside the fence.
Step 3 Discussion
I. Pair work. Ask the students to do the exercises about Discovering useful words and expressions.
1 Replace the words underlined by ones of similar meaning from the reading passage.
1 Seeing the dark clouds above him, George hurried for home.
2 Sailing a boat alone far way from the shore made Flora’s parents worry about her safety.
3 Clare, would you please put your bicycle next to the others in the shed?
4 “Why don’t you plot a more simple route with the smallest number of stops?” asked Mary.
5 Setting out on a long journey by sea with unskilled sailors would be dangerous especially if there were no modern navigational instruments.
2 Find the words from the reading passage that are the opposite of these compound words.
anywhere upload inward unreliable land flower strong point
3 Write down the words you know, which are related to navigation and sea.
Navigation
Sea
4 Complete the following paragraph with the words below.
precise outward nowhere awkward reference seaweed
accelerate mercy randomly voyage alongside approximate
Samuel the sailor was extremely good at plotting his course using the stars as a . One day he was determined to set out on a across an unknown sea to an unknown continent. He set out with his instruments so he would not be at the of the sea. He found on his journey a rocky island. It seemed to be covered in nests. Suddenly, as Samuel looked, an enormous bird swooped down and picked him up as if he were a/ an parcel. It its speed and rose straight up into the air so as to reach the place on the rocks where its nest lay. Once there, it shook itself and threw Samuel in the direction of the nest. There seemed to be to hide but then he noticed lots of on his left and quickly hid under it. The bird landed nearby and pecked at the rocks. Samuel rolled over swiftly and found himself at the edge of the cliff. He looked down slowly with a beating heart. Below him was his boat lying the shore! “How lucky I am!” Samuel thought to himself. He then gave a mighty leap and landed in it. Once inside he could safely sail away.
Suggested answers:
Answer key for Exercise 1;
1 overhead 2 offshore 3 alongside
4 simplified; minimum 5 voyage; seamen
Answer key for Exercise 2:
nowhere — anywhere; download — upload;
outward — inward; reliable — unreliable;
seaweed — land flower; shortcoming — strong point
Answer key for Exercise 3:
Navigation
Sea
navigate, navigational (instruments: compass, bearing circle, astrolabe, quadrant, sextant), sail, sailor, voyage, latitude, longitude, equator, horizon, captain, sailor, land, island, set sail, nautical middles, explore, exploration , . . .
seaman, seaweed, seafood, shore, offshore, onshore, beach, beachball, seabed, sea-bird, seagull, sea shell, seaside, sea water, seasick, coast, coastline,coastal, tide, wave, current, . . .
Answer key for Exercise 4;
reference; voyage; mercy; outward; awkward; accelerated; precise; approximate; nowhere; seaweed; randomly; alongside
II. Ask the students to go over the usage of the predicate and do exercise 1 about Revising useful structures.
Suggested answers:
1. James Cook was a great English navigator and Pacific Ocean expedition leader.
2. He had not only an outstanding ability in navigation and exploration, but also a real concern for sailors' health. He carried out compulsory dietary reforms that were copied by many other ship captains.
3. He had led three great Pacific voyages during his life.
4. In his first Pacific voyage in 1769, James Cook rounded Cape Horn, then spent six months charting New Zealand, and finally explored and claimed possession of eastern Australia.
5. In 1772, Captain Cook set sail to look for a "theorized great southern continent". Although they could not manage to reach Antarctica owing to the ice, he predicted that if it did exist, it would have to be a wasteland.
6. In 1776, Captain cook started his third Pacific voyage, searching for the Northwest Passage from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean. Unfortunately, he was killed in a dispute with Hawaiian natives and his men's attempt at the Northwest Passage was unsuccessful. However, this voyage is still recognized as especially significant in the history of the discovery of the west coast of North America.
III. Ask the students to do exercise 2 about Revising useful structures. Then ask some pairs to act out the dialogue.
Suggested dialogue:
Susan: Do you think you'll be going to that pop concert next week?
Clare: No. Let's forget about that as it'll soon be time for our exams.
Susan: Do you need to do more revision?
Clare: I don't really think I need to do more revision. I've done enough but it'll help me forget the concert you'll be enjoying.
Susan: Is there another reason why you don’t want to come to the concert?
Clare: Actually there is a reason. I don't think I'm going to have enough money even though I've been saving especially for this occasion.
Susan: Perhaps I can help you. I always earn extra money by cleaning cars. My father always pays me when I clean his.
Clare: Well, thank you for offering to help me. Ill happily clean your father's car if he'll pay me too.
Susan: I’m sure he will. He’s always been kind to my friends.
Clare: I hope you'll thank him for me. I'd never be allowed to clean my father's car. He is so proud of it he won't let anyone touch it.
Susan: Oh this is my father’s fourth car so the excitement has worn off a little.
Clare: His fourth car? My goodness. He must have been earning a lot of money to have owned so many.
Susan: I suppose so. He has his own business so he needs a car for his work
Clare: Oh J see! That explains things Please would you phone him now and ask him when it would be convenient for me to clean it?
Susan: Of course I11 do that right aw a
Clare: That’s so kind of you. Now while I’m doing the cleaning perhaps you can order our tickets for the concert. I’ll go and get ready to begin work. See you soon. Thanks and goodbye.
Step 4 Homework
Preview using language.
The Fifth Period Listening
Listening and Speaking
Teaching Aims:
Review the words and structures in the last period.
Finish the listening exercises in this part and improve the students’ listening ability.
Talk about sailing.
Teaching Important Points:
Finish the listening exercises.
Teaching Methods:
Talking method to improve the students’ speaking ability.
Listening method to train the students’ listening ability.
Pair wok to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. a computer; 2. courseware
Teaching procedures
Step1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step2 Revision
Check the homework exercises.
Step3 Listening
Listen to the tape and ask the students to finish exercise 1—3 on page 19.
Suggested answers:
Answer key for Exercise 1:
maps; stars; clouds; waves; currents; birds
Answer key for Exercise 2;
Sailors from
Sea or Ocean
Skills
Phoenicia
Mediterranean
Used the sky to find their way
Norway
North
Watched birds to find land
Polynesia
Pacific
Studied the -waves of the ocean
Answer key for Exercise 3:
1 Vikings used to prefer to said following the coast line so they could check that they were on the correct route.
2 Vikings used birds, and natural features like mountains, to direct their ships.
Step 4 Speaking
Ask the students to discuss the sayings in exercise 4 and get their ideas together.
Step 5 Homework
Finish the exercises in the student’s workbook.
The Sixth Period Grammar
The Predicate and Agreement
Teaching Aims:
Revise one of the sentence elements ---the Predicate and do plenty of exercises to consolidate what we have revise.
Study Agreement to improve the students’ ability to use the English language.
Teaching Important Points:
How to choose the proper form of the Predicative in order to express what we want to say.
Help the students to make a summary of the usage of agreement.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to choose a proper predicate according to its subject.
Teaching Methods:
Discussion method to let the students have a clear understanding.
Pair work or group work to make every student engaged in all the activities in class.
Teaching Aids:
1. a computer; 2. courseware
Teaching procedures
Step1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step2 Revision
Check the homework exercises.
Step3 Grammar: the Predicate
A. Show the students some sentences and ask them to discuss and tell what member of the sentence each underlined part is.
① What nationality is he?
② That’s something we have always to keep in mind.
③ John is the second to learn about it.
④ Diamonds are precious.
⑤ The play we saw last Saturday is moving and we were all moved.
⑥ All we can do is to go and meet him.
⑦ He has been away for 3 years.
⑧ She is not what she used to be.
B. Something about the predicate:
谓语
谓语用来说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词词组担任。有四个要点，举例归纳如下：
1. 动词可分为及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词。
1) 需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词，及物动词后可跟一个宾语、直接宾语和间接宾语或一个宾语带宾语补足语。例如：
直接宾语
Children seek independence.
The trial raised a number of questions.
He has always liked Mr. Philips.
He made the shortest speech I have ever heard.
A couple were having a drink at a table by the window
He took photographs of Vita in her summer house
直接宾语和间接宾语
They gave us a wonderfully warm welcome.
Mr Schell wrote a letter the other day to the New York Times.(… wrote the New York Times a letter.)
I took out the black box and handed it to her. (… handed her the box.)
l had lent my apartment to a friend for the weekend.
He left the note for he r on the table.
一个宾语带宾语补足语
Willis’s jokes made her uneasy.
Last year they made him captain of the Team
The people named the place “Turbo Kutu”.
I thought it right to go there without delay.
Have you found it difficult to speak?
2) 不需要跟有宾语的动词叫不及物动词。例如：
Her whole body ached.
Donald was lying on the bed.
Bob coughed all night.
All the leaves have fallen and winter is coming.
I will travel south this summer and won’t come back to my office until the end of August.
有几个不及物动词后可以跟有与之同形的名词，这叫同源宾语。例如：
They are living a peaceful life. (= They are living peacefully.)
He died a heroic death. (=He died heroically.)
The girl laughed a merry laugh. (=The girl laughed merrily.)
He sighed a deep sigh. (=He sighed deeply.)
许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词。例如：
Gus asked me whether I’d like to have dinner with him. I accepted. (vi.)
I accepted the invitation. (vt.)
He painted every day. (vi.)
He paints vivid portraits of friends and acquaintances. (vt.)
He ran as fast as he could. (vi.)
She ran a hotel in the centre of the city. (vt.)
Father never smoked or drank all his life. (vi.)
He drank a good deal of coffee. (vt.)
At last she thanked them and left. (vi.)
A11 I know is that Michael and I never left the house. (vt.)
3 ) 连系动词虽具有词汇意义，但需要带有表语才能构成动词谓语。例如：
The station seems a very small one.
They haven’t remained loyal to the government.
Their hall was larger than his whole flat.
The task of inspecting it proved to be exciting and interesting.
It sounds unnatural to us.
My memories of a London childhood are happy ones.
His body was the color of bronze.
2动词词组或称短语动词，可以扩展或改变动词的意义，它们的构成是：
· 动词+副词
Mary went away for a few days.
· 动词+介词
The other day I came across a letter from Brunei written in the last year of his life.
· 动词+副词+介词
You may have come up against unexpected difficulties.
3情态动词与动词连用构成的谓语。例如：
I must leave very soon.
The rich ought to pay tuition fees for their children.
You may have heard of him.
You should not have done so.
Step 4 Practice
Choose the best answers.
1. ---You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
---I'm sorry I _____anything about it sooner. I certainly think it's pretty on you.
A .wasn't saying B. don't say
C. won't say D. didn't say
2. --- Is John coming by train?
---He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can
C. need D. may
3. I wonder why Jenny _____us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn't written B. doesn't write
C .won’t write D. hadn't written
4. The evening news comes on at seven o'clock and _____only thirty minutes.
A. keeps B. completes
C. finishes D. lasts
5. ---Has Sam finished his homework today?
---I have no idea. He_____ it this morning.
A. did B. has done
C. was doing D. had done
6. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _____ completely
A. turned down B. put out
C. put away D. had done
7. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power__ increased enormously ever since.
A. is B. was
C. has D. had been
8. 1 don't _____ rock’ n’ roll. It's much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with
C. go into D. go in for
9. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _____visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A .was B. were
C. had been D. would be
10. --- Who is the girl standing over there?
---Well, if you _____know, her name is Mary.
A. may B. can
C. must D. shall.
11. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale.
A. got B. changes
C. went D. appears
12. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much_____ she was getting.
A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest
13. Happy birthday. Alice! So you have_____ twenty-one already.
A. gone B. turned C. grown D. passed 14. The flowers______ sweet in the botanic garden, which attracted the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelled C. smelling D. are smelled
15. Having a trip abroad is certainly nice for old couples, but it remains _____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to be seen B. to see C. seeing D. seen
1-5 DDADC 6-10 BCDAC 11-15 CABBA
Step 5 Grammar: Agreement
Show the students something about agreement:
主谓一致
并列结构作主语谓语用复数
主谓一致中的就近原则
谓语动词与前面的主语一致
谓语需用单数
指代意义决定谓语的单复数
与后接名词或代词保持一致
Step 6 Practice
1. More than one person _______ killed in the accident. (be)
More questions than one ______ been asked. (have)
Part of part of the meat _______spoilt. (be)
Most of the books _________ missing. (be)
5. The number of errors ______ surprising.
6. Jane and Mary ______ alike.
7. The crowd ______running for their lives.
8. The iron works _____ hidden behind the trees.
9. Either your students or Mr. Wang ______ this.
10. His family ____ going to have a long journey.
11. The whole family_____ watching TV.
12. The population of China ____ very large, and eighty percent of the population in China _____ farmers.
13. The police _____ searching for him.
14. A sheep ____ over there.
15. Some sheep _____ over there.
16. The doctor’s _____ on the side of the street.
17. My uncle’s _____ not far from here.
18. Richardson’s _____ a lot of imported goods to sell.
Ask the students to finish the exercises.
Suggested answers:
1. was 2. have 3. was 4. were 5. was 6. look 7. were 8. was
9. knows 10. is 11. are 12. is , are 13. are 14. is 15 are 16. is
17. is 18. are
Step 7 Summary and Homework
Do what we learn today.
Do the exercise about Using Structures on page 62.
课件57张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceansUsing LanguageTrue or false.1. I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.
2. After the crew took over the ship “Bounty”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart, a compass and a quadrant.FF3. It was very difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.
4. Captain Bligh used a system called “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position. TF5. We completely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopefully about what we would do when we got back to England.
6. Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.FT7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way.
8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.TFWhen Captain Bligh returned home he was treated as a hero. It was discussed whether he should receive a special medal or not. Get into groups of four and discuss these questions. Then role-play the dialogue.1. Why do you think this writer describes his journey as one of the greatest in navigational history? Do you agree? Give your reasons.
2. What kind of leadership qualities do you think Captain Bligh showed? Are these the only qualities needed for a good captain? Make a list of the qualities you think are important. Give your reasons. Our outward voyage in the “Bounty” to
Tahiti had been filled with the kind of
incidents that I thought would be my
stories when I returned home.
剖析: in the “Bounty” to Tahiti是介词短
语作定语，修饰voyage；be filled with解
作：充满……”；incidents 是先行词，Explanationthat引导后面定语从句，在从句中作主语；I thought作为插入语； when引导后面是时间状语从句。
译文：我们乘坐“邦蒂号”出发到塔希提岛这段航程中充满了各种事件。我以为回国后可以讲这些故事。incident n. 事件, 事变
e.g. He could remember every incident in great detail.
他能把每件小事的细节都记得清楚。
incident 附带的小事件，事端，政变
accident 意外事故
event 重大事件e.g. How did the accident happen?
这起事故是怎么发生的？
July 7th Incident 七七事变
What were the chief events of last year?
去年主要的大事是什么？2. On our departure from Tahiti, some of
the crew took over the ship.
departure n. 启程, 出发, 离开
a departure lounge 候车室
departure date 动身日期
depart vi. 离开, 起程, 逝世crew n. 全体人员, (工作)队
e.g. The plane had seventy passengers and a crew of ten.
飞机上有70名乘客和10名机务人员。
注意: 做主语时, 如看作整体, 谓语用单
数; 如看作成员, 谓语用复数。
e.g. The crew on board the plane was small.
The crew were busy preparing.3. They deposited the captain into small boat to let him find his own way home.
deposit v. 放置, 放下放置, 安置；
托付, 寄存; 存钱
e.g. She deposited her money in the bank.
她把钱存到银行里。4. Those of us on board the “Bounty” were caught in a dilemma.
dilemma n. 进退两难的局面, 困难的选择 (可加不定冠词)
e.g. You place me in something of a dilemma.
Jill was in a dilemma whether to go out
with Bill or Joe.
The doctor was in a dilemma whether to
tell the patient the truth about his
condition or not.5. Or should one stay on the “Bounty” with the crew and face certain death from the British Navy if caught?
[考点] “连词 + 过去分词”结构作状语的用法。状语从句中, 如果谓语部分含有 be 的某种形式, 而主语又与主句的主语一致或主语为 it 时, 常可以省略从句的主语和系动词, 构成“连词 + 动词-ing 形式/过去分词”结构。— Who should be responsible for the
accident?
— The boss, not the workers. They just
carried out the order __________.
A. as told B. as are told
C. as telling D. as they told
[点拨] as 引导的方式状语从句, 补充完整为as they are told。从句的主语和主句的主语一致, 省略从句的主语和系动词。6. The drawback of staying on the ship seemed to grow as I thought about how wrong it was to treat Captain Bligh in this way.
drawback n. 缺点, 毛病; 不利因素
e.g. One drawback of New York in the summer is the heat.
In spite of all its drawbacks, it was a place of quiet, peace.draw back
(1)退回, 往后退
e.g. The children drew back from the dog when it barked at them.
(2)不履行(诺言)
e.g. He will not draw back from what
he has promised.7. As dusk fell, we seemed to face an uncertain future.
dusk n. 薄暮, 黄昏, 暮色
e.g. By dusk we had reached a place called
Lion Forest.
At dusk the lights of the city come on.dawn n. 黎明, 拂晓, 破晓
e.g. The darkest hour is before the dawn.
And at dawn we rose and knocked at the gate of the city.8. Once we were at sea, our routine every day was the same.
routine n. 例行公事, 常规, 日常事务, 程序
e.g. Teachers in our school will have a routine medical examination on Teachers’ Day.
在教师节我们学校的教师要进行常规的身体检查。I arrive at nine o’clock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning routine. 我九点钟到，上课到十二点钟，然后吃饭；那是我上午的例行做法。9. As you can see from the map we kept
to a straight course pretty well.
pretty adj. 漂亮的, 优美的, 机灵的, 恰当的
adv. 相当，颇
a pretty garden/valley 美丽的花园/山谷
e.g. You speak English pretty well.
你的英语讲得相当好。
I feel pretty tired. 我感到相当疲劳了。10. In addition, the captain kept us all busy reading the tables to work out our position.
in addition 另外
e.g. There was an earthquake and, in addition, there were tsunamis.
除了地震之外，还有海啸。比较：in addition/in addition to
in addition = as well, besides 相当于副词
in addition to = as well as 相当于介词
e.g. In addition, the owner of the land
may charge an extra fee.
In addition to swimming, she likes
tennis.11. It was starvation quantities but the
extreme lack of water was the hardest
to copy with psychologically.
starvation n. 饥饿, 饿死
starve v. 饥饿, 饿死
e.g. Thousands and thousands of people there are on the point of starvation.
那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危 险。Thousands of people will starve if food doesn’t reach the stricken city.
如果食物不能运到那座受灾的城市，成千上万的人就要饿死。extreme
adj. 尽头的, 极端的, 偏激的, 最后的
n. 极端, 极端的事物
e.g. the extreme edge of the field
原野的尽头
extreme pleasure
极度高兴
resorted to extremes in the emergency
在紧急状态下诉诸非常手段cope with 有效地或成功地对付或应付
e.g. A family and a full time job are a lot to cope with. 照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要花很多精力。She is not a competent driver and can’t cope with driving in heavy traffic. 她不是一个称职的司机，在交通拥挤时就开不好车。
deal with 只是采取行动去对付某人或某事，并不考虑成功与否。 psychologically adv. 心理上地, 心理学地
psychological adj. 心理(上)的
psychology n. 心理学, 心理状态
psychological research 心理学研究
psychological warfare 心理战
the psychology of war 战争心理12. The tension in the boat got worse as the supply of food and water gradually disappeared.
tension n. 紧张(状态), 不安, 拉紧, 压力,
张力, 牵力, 电压
e.g. The tension of the Far East is building up again.
中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。strain 通常指过分吃力, 影响健康的紧张状态
tension 多指由于双方或各方面关系不好所
造成的紧张状态
e.g. Too much reading is a strain on one’s eyes.
The government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.strain & tensiongradually adv. 逐渐地
gradual adj. 逐渐的, 逐步的, 渐进的
e.g. The rock gradually wears away due to the action of the water.
由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。
Computerization has resulted in the gradual disappearance of many manual jobs.
计算机化导致了许多手工工作的逐渐消失。13. He kept us busy and tried to take our
minds off our stomachs and our thirst.
take one’s mind off
使某人的注意力离开
keep one’s mind on …
专心于，把注意力集中于
put one’s mind into/to …
专心于thirst n. 渴, 口渴, (～ for) 渴望, 热望
e.g. The soldiers died of thirst in the desert. 士兵们在沙漠中因长期干渴而死。
He has a great thirst for knowledge. 他有强烈的求知欲。
thirsty adj. 口渴的, 渴望的, 热望的
e.g. He is thirsty for news. 他渴望获得新闻。14. You could not imagine a more
disturbing sight than what we looked
like ...
[考点]
比较级表示最高级意义。在英语中，否定词 not, no, never, nothing 和比较级连用，有时可表示最高级的意义。若此时比较级修饰可数名词单数，其前要用不定冠词，即“a + 形容词比较级 + 名词”或“a + 形容词比较级 + one”，one 代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。e.g.
— Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
— Yes. I’ve never been to ______ one
before.
A. a more excited B. the most excited
C. a more exciting D. the most exciting[点拨]
晚会是“令人兴奋的”，应用 exciting, 排除A、B两项；结合语境可知“这晚会是我参加过的最令人兴奋的晚会”, 选C项。15. You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what we looked like when arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in our small boat.
set loose 出发, 开始
e.g. They set loose in a traveling boat.
他们在游船上出发了。16. We were the heroes who had escaped the jaws of death by completing the greatest navigational feat of all time!
the jaws of death / defeat
= used to describe an unpleasant situation that almost happens 鬼门关，失败的险境
e.g. The team snatched victory from the jaws of defeat. 这个队翻盘而险胜。17. Our daily food was shared equally
among us all: ...
【考点】
equally 副词，意为“平等地，同样地”
【考例】 The island is ______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
A. partly B. merely
C. nearly D. equally【点拨】
选 D。句意为“这个岛因为它令人愉悦的天气，在春天和秋天同样迷人。” partly 部分地； merely 仅仅，只是；nearly 几乎；equally 同等地，一样地。Now write a report to your leader explaining to him why you think Captain Bligh should or should not receive the medal. Follow these steps. Write down your ideas in the order as
they occur to you.
Number the ideas so that they are in a
logical order. Each paragraph should explain one of
the reasons why Captain Bligh should
get the medal or not.
Your last paragraph should emphasize
again the most important reasons why
you think Captain Bligh should or
should not get the medal.Sample letterDear Sir，
I think Captain Bligh should certainly receive a special medal for his amazing voyage across the sea to Timor. This is a journey that could not have been completed without great navigational skill. In addition Captain Bligh did not lose one man. First, he showed his leadership qualities by sharing the food and water fairly with the men in the boat. Everyone was treated equally and this made for good feeling between the members of the boat.
Second, he kept everyone in the boat cheerful by discussing what they would dowhen they arrived safely. No one was allowed to think about what might happen if they did not arrive!
Third, he kept them occupied by organizing the complicated mathematical calculations needed to find their position at sea. The crew who had taken over the“Bounty” had left Captain Bligh with only a quadrant and a compass. This meant that numerous calculations were needed to find their correct position. Captain Bligh encouraged the crew in the boat to take measurements regularly and each person was given a different responsibility for working out these measurements. This activity was important because it stopped the men from thinking about how little food and water there was. So I hope you will give Captain Bligh this medal.
He has shown leadership, fairness and concern for his crew and helped them return to England safely.
Yours,
(your name)HomeworkFinish exercises in the workbook.课件19张PPT。人教课标
高三 选修 9
Unit 2Unit 2 Sailing the oceansListening Zheng He sailed from
China to many places
throughout South Pacific,
Indian Ocean, Taiwan,
Persian Gulf and distant
Africa in seven epic voyages from 1405 to 1433, some 80 years before Columbus’s voyages. Listening on page 59 1. What places might he visit?
2. What did he bring back?
3. Why did he set off the voyages?
4. Why didn’t the Emperor continue
this policy?
5. Why is he so important in the history? Pre-listeningListen to the tape and tick those ports and islands mentioned in the text. Listen to the tape again and complete the chart.Exercise 3No reports of other navigators for this period have survived.It was written in documents.The writers mention it in the books.He made 7 voyages and visited more than 30 countries.Zheng He remarks how much the foreign kings liked porcelain and silk.1. He brought a giraffe for the Emperor from Africa. 2. He brought scarves of fine gold decorated with pearls and precious stones. Exercise 41. The Emperor wanted to demonstrate
Chinese power abroad so ____________
__________________________________
__________________________________
2. Zheng He wanted people to know the important voyages he made so ________
__________________________________ he sent Zheng He with a large fleet of ships to visit new places in neighbouring countries. he put up a pillar describing all his achievements.3. The writers wanted people to believe
that Zheng He’s ships were large so
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. The writers wanted people to believe
Zheng He was very important so ____
_________________________________that they would believe that he really had achieved great things and gone to many foreign countries. they described him as being eight feet tall.1. Listen to the tape and put these sentences in the correct order.( ) 1. Sindbad spent his money foolishly.
( ) 2. One day he landed on an island.
( ) 3. He sold his goods and returned home.
( ) 4. He decided to become a merchant.
( ) 5. The island was really a whale.Listening Task on page 63A
C
I
B
D( ) 6. He was captured.
( ) 7. He drifted to another island.
( ) 8. The king gave him a job.
( ) 9. He was thrown into the sea when the whale sank.G
F
H
E2. Listen to the tape again and answer these questions.
1. Do you think this story could be true? Why?The story could not be true because:
A whale would not remain still long enough for trees to grow on its back; Sea horses do not have the build or size of real horses; Sea horses cannot be used to produce stronger horses than real horses.2. Which part do you find is the most unlikely?The ideas of the students may vary. The most important thing is to make sure they have a reason for their ideas.3. Identify two aspects of animal behaviour that are not true. Why?These aspects of animal behaviour are not true. Whales have to keep returning to the surface of the sea to breathe but then they must return under the water to keep their skin wet. It would be impossible for a whale to remain on the water so long that soil accumulated and trees grew there.4. What is the coincidence in the story? Explain it.The coincidence was that Sindbad met some people from his home. He wanted to go home, and they were looking for him.3. Retell the story of Sindbad you have just heard in your own words.
