定语从句讲练
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课件46张PPT。The attributive clause
定语从句Grammar 定语的位置
1.名词作定语： a stone bridge women teachers
2.代词做定语： their classroom this boy
3.形容词作定语: an interesting film
a wonderful match
4.介词短语作定语：the book on the desk
the students in the classroom
5.词组作定 ： a village far away
a basket full of flowers
6.后置定语： good enough something important
a baby asleep 定语从句 先行词 关系代词 关系副词
The boy who is standing there is my son.
I will never forget the day when I first went to school.
先行词关系代词关系副词the boy
the day
who when关系代词在定语从句中的用法 代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 Who which that
宾语 Whom which that
定语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例：This is the detective who came from London.
The boy whom I am looking for has come back.
The book which I am reading is written by Tomas.
The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.1. The boy is my brother. He is reading a book under the tree.
The boy ______________________________is my brother.
2. The man is the film star. He is popular with the audience.
The man ___________________________ is a film star.
3. Everybody likes a person. The person has good manners.
Everybody likes a person __________________________
4. I like those girls. These girls are dressed well.
I like those girls _________________________________
5. Those boys will go to the movie. They are fond of films.
Those boys_______________________will go to the movie. who is reading a book under a treewho is popular with the audienceWho has good manners.
who are dressed well.who are fond of films 关系代词who 的用法 (在句中作主语)关系代词whom 的用法 (在句中作宾语)The man is a famous writer. We visited the man last week
The man ______________________________is a famous writer.
That is the man. I am going to marry him.
That is the man ________________________________
3. She is the woman. I saw her off at the station yesterday.
She is the woman ______________________________ ______________
4. He is a person. I trust him very much.
He is a person _________________________________whom we visited the man last week whom I am going to marry him. whom I saw her off at the station
yesterday.
whom I trust him very much 关系代词that 和which 的用法 (在句中作主语)The book is good. It tells us how to study English.
The book __________________________________ is good.
The factory brought in much money last year. It produces all kinds of recorders.
The factory _______________________________________ brought in much money last year.
I like the room. It is very clean and tidy.
I like the room __________________________________.
The bridge is beautiful. It was built last year.
The bridge ______________________ is beautiful. that / which tells us how to study English that / which produces all kinds of recordersthat / which is very clean and tidy.which was built last year关系代词that / which 的用法 (在句中作宾语)This is the book. She bought it yesterday.
This is the book that / which she bought yesterday.
The story is interesting. I will never forget it.
The story ____________________________is interesting.
3. The problems are difficult. We must solve them at once.
The problems ________________________________are difficult.
4. I like the postcards. He sent them to me on my birthday.
I like the postcards_______________________________
__________________which / that I will never forget which / that we must solve at once which / that he sent to me on my birthday. Who, that, which的区别
A. 先行词为人时, 用who或that，但有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物时先行词用that
1. The girl is speaking at the meeting is our monitor.
2. He always remembers the people and the things he met with in his school days.
B.当先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, much等，用that
1. All you said is right
2. Do you have anything I can do for you?
that that / whothatthatC.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，用that
1. The first book I read last term is an English book.
2. This is the best film I have ever seen.
D. 当先行词被the only, the very, any, all修饰时,用that
1. This is the only film I have seen this month.
2. Do you really like the very book you are reading?
E.当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句，用that
1. Who is the boy was here just now?
2. Which is the book you gave me yesterday?
3. Which of us knows something about physics?
thatthat that that thatthatthatF. 当关系代词在从句中作表语时,用 thatMary is no longer the girl she used to be.
China is no longer the country it used to be.
G. 非限制性定语从句用 which
1. Football, is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
2. Our English evening, was held on May 4, was a success.
3. He wrote a book, made him famous.
H 介词加关系代词用 which
1. The United States is a country in English is spoken.
2. The earth we live on is a big ball. =
The earth on we live is a big ball.
thatthatwhichwhich whichwhichwhich / thatwhich关系代词: as 的用法用于the same…as…, such…as…，so…as…中，
① I have the same book as you (have).
② He is of the same age as you (are).
③ I have never seen such a lazy man as you.
CF: Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.
Here is so big a stone that no man can lift it.
CF: He is reading the same book as I am reading now.
He is reading the same book that he read yesterday.
eg: This is so easy an exercise______ everyone can do.
He is going on telling the same story ______ he told yesterday. asthat关系代词whose 的用法1. She lives in a house . Its windows face south.
She lives in a house whose windows face south .=
She lives in a house the windows of which face south.=
She lives in a house of which the windows face south.
2. I want to talk to the boy. His book is on the desk.
I want to talk to the boy whose book is on the desk.=
I want to talk to the boy the book of whom is on the desk.=
I want to talk to the boy of whom the book is on the desk.
Eg: He is painting the door. The colur of the door is gray.
I like the boy. His father is a teacher.
He is painting the door. The color of the door is gray.
He is painting the door____________________ is gray.
He is painting the door____________________ is gray.
He is painting the door____________________ is gray.
I like the boy. His father is a teacher.
I like the boy ____________________ is a teacher.
I like the boy ____________________ is a teacher.
I like the boy ____________________ is a teacher.whose colour
the color of which
of which the colour whose father
the father of whom
of whom the father关系副词when ,where ,why 的用法（在句中作状语）1. I’ll never forget the day. I joined the army on that day.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.=
I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the army.
2. Please remember the year. In that year I came to see you.
Please remember the year________________________ =
Please remember the year________________________
3. The day was unforgettable. They married on that day.
The day ________________________ was unforgettable.
The day ________________________ was unforgettable.when I came to see you
in which I came to see you.when they married
on which they married4. I won’t forget the factory. My father worked in it .
I won’t forget the factory where my father worked. =
I won’t forget the factory in which my father worked.
5. This is the hospital. I was born in the hospital.
This is the hospital _________________________
This is the hospital _________________________
We came to a hill. We can see the whole city on it.
We came to a hill ___________________________
We came to a hill ___________________________
where I was born.
in which I was born.where we can see the whole city
on which we can see the whole city.7. This is the reason. For this reason he missed the train.
This is the reason why he missed the train.=
This is the reason for which he missed the train.
Do you know the reason ? He refused me for this reason
Do you know the reason__________________________
Do you know the reason__________________________
注：I don’t like the way ___________ he talks to me.
I don’t like the way ___________ he talks to me.
I don’t like the way ___________ he talks to me.why he refused me
for which he refused me that
in which
/CF:
The way _________ you treat your parents is wrong.
The way _________ you treat your parents is wrong.
The way _________ you treat your parents is wrong.
The way _________ leads to the forest is narrow.
The way _________ leads to the forest is narrow.
The way _______ he used to solve the problem is scientific.
The way _______ he used to solve the problem is scientific.
The way _______ he used to solve the problem is scientific. that
in which
/
that
which
that
which
/ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：
a. Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865.
b. He sent a special governor, a man named Gessler, who would rule with a firm hand.
c. He lives in another town, which is only about an hour’s ride from here.
d. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
e. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.
as 和which 引导的非限制性定语从句 关系代词as和which都能引导非限制性定语从句代表整个句子内容,as引导的定语从句可位于句首或句末,which引导的定语从句却不能位于句首。如：
__ we have seen, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.
___is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.
He was late for school, _____often happened.
AsAsas区别a1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which.
He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural.
She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is.
Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said
2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用as而不用which引导定语从句。如：
As we all know, his parents were killed in the war.
3. as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如…”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。如：
He won the match, as we had expected.
He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.
The police were looking for him, as he thought.
4. 如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的结果，或与主句意义相反，用which.
a. He cheated his friend of mach money, which was very disgraceful.
b. He came back late, which made his mother angry.
易混的从句:
1. Is this the book ____________you read every day?
Is this book ____________________you read every day?
2. He is one of the students who _______always late for school.
He is the only one of the students who ______always late for school.
3. This is the room ____________ I visited yesterday.
This is the room ______________________ I was born .
4. I will never forget the day ________________ we spent together in the country.
I will never forget the day _______________________ I joined the Party. that / which
the one / (that / which )
are
is
that / which
where ( in which )
that / which /
on which / when 5. The news ________________he told me is true.
The news __________ he will go abroad is true.
6. He is wearing the same shirt ________he wore yesterday.
He is wearing the same shirt ________I am .
7. It is known ________the moon travels round the earth.
________ is known, the moon travels round the earth.
8. There are many flowers and some of ________ are very beautiful.
There are many flowers , some of ____________are very beautiful.
9. It is in the room ____________he lives .
It is the room _____________ he lives. that / which
that
that
as
that
As
which
which
that
where练习题1、All______ is useful to us is good.A、which
B、what
C、that
D、whetherC2、Is this factory ____ we visited last
week.A、where
B、that
C、which
D、the oneD3、She will never forget the day_____
she spent in Beijing.A、when
B、what
C、which
D、whyC4、This is the school _______ my father
worked 20 years ago.A、that
B、when
C、which
D、whereD5、This is the factory_______we visited
last year.A、that
B、which
C、what
D、the oneA6、The text is one of the most interesting
stories_______learnt in the past
three days.A、that have
B、that have been
C、which has
D、which has beenB7、The college won’t take anyone _____
eyesight is weak.A、who
B、whose
C、of whom
D、whichB8、Let me think of a proper situation
_______ this sentence can be used.A、where
B、that
C、of whom
D、whichA9、The man _______ you are talking is
in the next room.A、to whom
B、about whom
C、about who
D、whomB10、This is the last factory ___ he used to
work at, many workers of _____ still
have a good relationship with him.A、that; it
B、which; whom
C、that; which
D、which; thatC11、Those _____ to take part in the game
write down your names.A、who
B、who want
C、what wants
D、wantB12、I，______ you good friend, will try
my best to help you out.A、who is
B、what is
C、what am
D、who am D13、His walking stick, ____ he can’t
walk, was lost yesterday.A、that
B、with which
C、which
D、without whichD14、They have decided to finish their
work, ______, I think is a wise choice.A、that
B、what
C、which
D、whetherC15、I don’t like the way _____ he
spoke to me.A、by that
B、what
C、by which
D、/D16、This is the only thing _____ I can
do now.A、what
B、which
C、that
D、allC17、There are three libraries in our
school, _______ were built five
years ago.A、all of them
B、either of them
C、all of which
D、both of thatC18、He told me the reason _____ he
didn’t come here.A、which
B、that
C、why
D、whatC19、This is the reason ______ he told me.A、that
B、why
C、on which
D、for thatA20、Which of the two cows ______ you
keep produces more milk?A、which
B、that
C、what
D、asBTHANK YOU!
定语从句Grammar 定语的位置
1.名词作定语： a stone bridge women teachers
2.代词做定语： their classroom this boy
3.形容词作定语: an interesting film
a wonderful match
4.介词短语作定语：the book on the desk
the students in the classroom
5.词组作定 ： a village far away
a basket full of flowers
6.后置定语： good enough something important
a baby asleep 定语从句 先行词 关系代词 关系副词
The boy who is standing there is my son.
I will never forget the day when I first went to school.
先行词关系代词关系副词the boy
the day
who when关系代词在定语从句中的用法 代替人 代替物 代替人或物
主语 Who which that
宾语 Whom which that
定语 Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例：This is the detective who came from London.
The boy whom I am looking for has come back.
The book which I am reading is written by Tomas.
The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.1. The boy is my brother. He is reading a book under the tree.
The boy ______________________________is my brother.
2. The man is the film star. He is popular with the audience.
The man ___________________________ is a film star.
3. Everybody likes a person. The person has good manners.
Everybody likes a person __________________________
4. I like those girls. These girls are dressed well.
I like those girls _________________________________
5. Those boys will go to the movie. They are fond of films.
Those boys_______________________will go to the movie. who is reading a book under a treewho is popular with the audienceWho has good manners.
who are dressed well.who are fond of films 关系代词who 的用法 (在句中作主语)关系代词whom 的用法 (在句中作宾语)The man is a famous writer. We visited the man last week
The man ______________________________is a famous writer.
That is the man. I am going to marry him.
That is the man ________________________________
3. She is the woman. I saw her off at the station yesterday.
She is the woman ______________________________ ______________
4. He is a person. I trust him very much.
He is a person _________________________________whom we visited the man last week whom I am going to marry him. whom I saw her off at the station
yesterday.
whom I trust him very much 关系代词that 和which 的用法 (在句中作主语)The book is good. It tells us how to study English.
The book __________________________________ is good.
The factory brought in much money last year. It produces all kinds of recorders.
The factory _______________________________________ brought in much money last year.
I like the room. It is very clean and tidy.
I like the room __________________________________.
The bridge is beautiful. It was built last year.
The bridge ______________________ is beautiful. that / which tells us how to study English that / which produces all kinds of recordersthat / which is very clean and tidy.which was built last year关系代词that / which 的用法 (在句中作宾语)This is the book. She bought it yesterday.
This is the book that / which she bought yesterday.
The story is interesting. I will never forget it.
The story ____________________________is interesting.
3. The problems are difficult. We must solve them at once.
The problems ________________________________are difficult.
4. I like the postcards. He sent them to me on my birthday.
I like the postcards_______________________________
__________________which / that I will never forget which / that we must solve at once which / that he sent to me on my birthday. Who, that, which的区别
A. 先行词为人时, 用who或that，但有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物时先行词用that
1. The girl is speaking at the meeting is our monitor.
2. He always remembers the people and the things he met with in his school days.
B.当先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, much等，用that
1. All you said is right
2. Do you have anything I can do for you?
that that / whothatthatC.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，用that
1. The first book I read last term is an English book.
2. This is the best film I have ever seen.
D. 当先行词被the only, the very, any, all修饰时,用that
1. This is the only film I have seen this month.
2. Do you really like the very book you are reading?
E.当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句，用that
1. Who is the boy was here just now?
2. Which is the book you gave me yesterday?
3. Which of us knows something about physics?
thatthat that that thatthatthatF. 当关系代词在从句中作表语时,用 thatMary is no longer the girl she used to be.
China is no longer the country it used to be.
G. 非限制性定语从句用 which
1. Football, is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
2. Our English evening, was held on May 4, was a success.
3. He wrote a book, made him famous.
H 介词加关系代词用 which
1. The United States is a country in English is spoken.
2. The earth we live on is a big ball. =
The earth on we live is a big ball.
thatthatwhichwhich whichwhichwhich / thatwhich关系代词: as 的用法用于the same…as…, such…as…，so…as…中，
① I have the same book as you (have).
② He is of the same age as you (are).
③ I have never seen such a lazy man as you.
CF: Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.
Here is so big a stone that no man can lift it.
CF: He is reading the same book as I am reading now.
He is reading the same book that he read yesterday.
eg: This is so easy an exercise______ everyone can do.
He is going on telling the same story ______ he told yesterday. asthat关系代词whose 的用法1. She lives in a house . Its windows face south.
She lives in a house whose windows face south .=
She lives in a house the windows of which face south.=
She lives in a house of which the windows face south.
2. I want to talk to the boy. His book is on the desk.
I want to talk to the boy whose book is on the desk.=
I want to talk to the boy the book of whom is on the desk.=
I want to talk to the boy of whom the book is on the desk.
Eg: He is painting the door. The colur of the door is gray.
I like the boy. His father is a teacher.
He is painting the door. The color of the door is gray.
He is painting the door____________________ is gray.
He is painting the door____________________ is gray.
He is painting the door____________________ is gray.
I like the boy. His father is a teacher.
I like the boy ____________________ is a teacher.
I like the boy ____________________ is a teacher.
I like the boy ____________________ is a teacher.whose colour
the color of which
of which the colour whose father
the father of whom
of whom the father关系副词when ,where ,why 的用法（在句中作状语）1. I’ll never forget the day. I joined the army on that day.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.=
I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the army.
2. Please remember the year. In that year I came to see you.
Please remember the year________________________ =
Please remember the year________________________
3. The day was unforgettable. They married on that day.
The day ________________________ was unforgettable.
The day ________________________ was unforgettable.when I came to see you
in which I came to see you.when they married
on which they married4. I won’t forget the factory. My father worked in it .
I won’t forget the factory where my father worked. =
I won’t forget the factory in which my father worked.
5. This is the hospital. I was born in the hospital.
This is the hospital _________________________
This is the hospital _________________________
We came to a hill. We can see the whole city on it.
We came to a hill ___________________________
We came to a hill ___________________________
where I was born.
in which I was born.where we can see the whole city
on which we can see the whole city.7. This is the reason. For this reason he missed the train.
This is the reason why he missed the train.=
This is the reason for which he missed the train.
Do you know the reason ? He refused me for this reason
Do you know the reason__________________________
Do you know the reason__________________________
注：I don’t like the way ___________ he talks to me.
I don’t like the way ___________ he talks to me.
I don’t like the way ___________ he talks to me.why he refused me
for which he refused me that
in which
/CF:
The way _________ you treat your parents is wrong.
The way _________ you treat your parents is wrong.
The way _________ you treat your parents is wrong.
The way _________ leads to the forest is narrow.
The way _________ leads to the forest is narrow.
The way _______ he used to solve the problem is scientific.
The way _______ he used to solve the problem is scientific.
The way _______ he used to solve the problem is scientific. that
in which
/
that
which
that
which
/ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：
a. Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865.
b. He sent a special governor, a man named Gessler, who would rule with a firm hand.
c. He lives in another town, which is only about an hour’s ride from here.
d. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
e. They set up a separate state of their own, where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.
as 和which 引导的非限制性定语从句 关系代词as和which都能引导非限制性定语从句代表整个句子内容,as引导的定语从句可位于句首或句末,which引导的定语从句却不能位于句首。如：
__ we have seen, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.
___is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.
He was late for school, _____often happened.
AsAsas区别a1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which.
He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural.
She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is.
Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said
2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用as而不用which引导定语从句。如：
As we all know, his parents were killed in the war.
3. as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如…”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。如：
He won the match, as we had expected.
He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.
The police were looking for him, as he thought.
4. 如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的结果，或与主句意义相反，用which.
a. He cheated his friend of mach money, which was very disgraceful.
b. He came back late, which made his mother angry.
易混的从句:
1. Is this the book ____________you read every day?
Is this book ____________________you read every day?
2. He is one of the students who _______always late for school.
He is the only one of the students who ______always late for school.
3. This is the room ____________ I visited yesterday.
This is the room ______________________ I was born .
4. I will never forget the day ________________ we spent together in the country.
I will never forget the day _______________________ I joined the Party. that / which
the one / (that / which )
are
is
that / which
where ( in which )
that / which /
on which / when 5. The news ________________he told me is true.
The news __________ he will go abroad is true.
6. He is wearing the same shirt ________he wore yesterday.
He is wearing the same shirt ________I am .
7. It is known ________the moon travels round the earth.
________ is known, the moon travels round the earth.
8. There are many flowers and some of ________ are very beautiful.
There are many flowers , some of ____________are very beautiful.
9. It is in the room ____________he lives .
It is the room _____________ he lives. that / which
that
that
as
that
As
which
which
that
where练习题1、All______ is useful to us is good.A、which
B、what
C、that
D、whetherC2、Is this factory ____ we visited last
week.A、where
B、that
C、which
D、the oneD3、She will never forget the day_____
she spent in Beijing.A、when
B、what
C、which
D、whyC4、This is the school _______ my father
worked 20 years ago.A、that
B、when
C、which
D、whereD5、This is the factory_______we visited
last year.A、that
B、which
C、what
D、the oneA6、The text is one of the most interesting
stories_______learnt in the past
three days.A、that have
B、that have been
C、which has
D、which has beenB7、The college won’t take anyone _____
eyesight is weak.A、who
B、whose
C、of whom
D、whichB8、Let me think of a proper situation
_______ this sentence can be used.A、where
B、that
C、of whom
D、whichA9、The man _______ you are talking is
in the next room.A、to whom
B、about whom
C、about who
D、whomB10、This is the last factory ___ he used to
work at, many workers of _____ still
have a good relationship with him.A、that; it
B、which; whom
C、that; which
D、which; thatC11、Those _____ to take part in the game
write down your names.A、who
B、who want
C、what wants
D、wantB12、I，______ you good friend, will try
my best to help you out.A、who is
B、what is
C、what am
D、who am D13、His walking stick, ____ he can’t
walk, was lost yesterday.A、that
B、with which
C、which
D、without whichD14、They have decided to finish their
work, ______, I think is a wise choice.A、that
B、what
C、which
D、whetherC15、I don’t like the way _____ he
spoke to me.A、by that
B、what
C、by which
D、/D16、This is the only thing _____ I can
do now.A、what
B、which
C、that
D、allC17、There are three libraries in our
school, _______ were built five
years ago.A、all of them
B、either of them
C、all of which
D、both of thatC18、He told me the reason _____ he
didn’t come here.A、which
B、that
C、why
D、whatC19、This is the reason ______ he told me.A、that
B、why
C、on which
D、for thatA20、Which of the two cows ______ you
keep produces more milk?A、which
B、that
C、what
D、asBTHANK YOU!