人教新课标高一必修2 Unit 3 Computers单元复习课件（79张）

课件79张PPT。Unit 3
Computers知识清单(一) 基本单词
1. _________ adv. 无论如何; 即使如此
2. ________ n.目标; 目的; 球门; (进球)得分
3. _________ vi. & vt. 发信号 n. 信号
4. _________ vi. 出现; 发生
5. _________ n. 性格; 特点
6. _________ vt. 解决; 解答anyhowgoalsignalarisecharactersolve单词(二) 派生单词
7. _________ n. 操作员; 接线员
→___________ v. 操作; 经营
→ __________ n. 操作; 经营
8. ____________ n.工艺; 科技; 技术
→____________ adj. 科技的
9. ______________ n.智力; 聪明; 智能
→____________ adj.智能的; 聪明的operatoroperateoperationtechnologytechnologicalintelligenceintelligent10. __________ adj. 总的; 整个的
n. 总数; 合计
vt. 共计; 总计; 加起来
→_________ adv. 完全地; 整个地
11. __________ adj. 私人的; 个人的;
亲自的
→__________ adv. 就个人而言; 亲自
→__________ n. 个性; 人格; 名人totaltotallypersonalpersonallypersonality12. ____________ n. 应用; 用途; 申请
→___________ v. 应用; 申请
→____________ n. 申请人; 求职者
13. _____________ n. 金融; 财经
→____________ adj. 财政的; 金融的
14. _____________ vt.& vi. 探索; 探测
→____________ n. 探险家; 勘探者
→____________ n. 探索
15. ______________ n. 外观; 外貌; 出现
→_____________ vi. 出现applicationapplyapplicantappearanceappearexploreexplorerexplorationfinancefinancial1. ________________ 从……时起
2. ________________ 结果
3. ________________ 人类
4. ________________ 在某种程度上
5. ________________ 在……的帮助下
6. ________________ 处理; 安排; 对付
7. ________________ 看守; 监视from...onas a resulthuman racein a waywith the help ofdeal with watch over短语8. _____________ 弥补; 编造; 打扮;构成
9. _________________毕竟; 终究
10. ________________有……共同之处
make upafter allhave...in common1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
It took+段时间+before从句
“过了后……才”句式2. As time went by, I was made smaller.
as是连词,引导时间状语从句, “一边……一边……; 随着……”
3. And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
so＋adj./adv.＋that... “如此……以致于……”, 引导结果状语从句4. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.
while watching...“连词＋分词短语”作时间状语 核心要点1. solve vt. 解决; 解答
Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem. （课文原句）
艾伦·图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。单词【归纳】
solve a difficulty 解决困难
solve a problem in maths 解答数学问题
a solution to the problem
问题的解决方案共同意思是“解决问题(纷争)”。
当宾语是argument, dispute, affair, matter等名词时多使用settle;
当宾语是equation, problem, puzzle等名词时, 多使用solve。solve, settle【即时应用】 完成句子。
1) He is trying to _______________
______________________ (解决一个数学难题)．
2) The internal affairs of each country _______________ (应该解决) by its own people. solve a mathematical problemshould be settled2. total adj. 总的; 整个的
n. 总数; 合计
v. 总数为
As a result I totally changed my shape.
（课文原句）
因此我已经完全改变了我的形状。【归纳】
a total of 总共……
in total 加起来
total＝add up to＝come to＝amount to
(数字总计) 达到……
【拓展】 totally adv. 完全地; 整个地3. anyhow adv. (也作anyway)无论如何;
即使如此
Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. （课文原句）
不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。①“无论如何,不管怎样”。anyhow和anyway一样, 都用作让步状语, 一般置于句中(其前常有连词but)或句末。②“况且, 更何况, 再说, 至少”。可用来作状语, 对前面的话作补充, 给出一个令人信服的理由, 此时anyhow常出现在句首或最后的分句之首, 而不出现在句末。
③ “胡乱地, 随意地”。anyhow不可与anyway互换。【提示】　
somehow“以某种方式; 不知怎么地”, 与anyhow的意义不同。如：
Somehow, I don’t feel I can trust him.
不知怎么地, 我觉得不能信任他。【即时应用】
用anyhow/anyway/somehow填空。
1) There is little chance that we will win the game. ________________, we are still in very high spirits.
2) He could have finished the task on time, but _________ he fell behind this time.Anyway/AnyhowsomehowI?think?Mrs.?Stark?could?be?______?between?50and?60?years?of?age.? （2014全国大纲卷）
A.?anywhere B.?anybody?
C.?anyhow? D.?anything?
【解析】考查代词。我认为Mrs.?Stark可能介于50岁至60岁之间。anywhere “在(限定范围内的)任何一点”； anybody “任何人”； anyhow “无论如何，不管怎么样”； anything “任何事”。 goal n. 目标, 目的; 球门; (进球)得分
【归纳】
achieve one’s goal 实现某人的目标
long-term goal 长期目标
short-term goal 短期目标
get/ make/ score/ take/ win a goal
得一分
keep goal 守球门achieve/gain/attain/obtain/reach one‘s goal
达到目标
carry out/realize the goal 实现目标
fight for a goal 为目标而奋斗
have a goal 有目标,有目的
set oneself a goal of doing sth.
为自己确定做某事的目标4. signal vi. & vt. 发信号
n. 信号
For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal. （课文原句）
例如，当我前面没人防守有机会射一个好球的时候，我已经学会了用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我。【归纳】
signal (to) sb.to do sth.
发信号要某人做某事
signal to sb.that...用信号通知某人……
signal for help发出求救信号
traffic signals 交通信号
by signal 以信号symbol 符号, 象征, 标志等。
signal 信号, 暗号或警告等。
sign 表“记号/符号”时, 同symbol; 表“告示/标牌”时, 侧重指用图画/文字表达的告示/图示, 还可以理解为“迹象/征兆”。
mark普通用词, 含义广泛。可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记, 可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。symbol/signal/sign/mark用symbol/sign/signal/mark的适当形式填空。
1) Look out for a _____ to the motorway.
2) Who makes these dirty _______ on my new book?
3) She made a _______ with her arm for a left turn.
4) The dove is a _______ of peace.signmarkssignalsymbolIn?order?not?to?be?heard,?she?pointed?her?finger upwards?to?____?that?someone?was?moving?
about?upstairs.? （2015湖北）
A. whisper??????? B. signal???????
C. declare????????? D. complain?
【解析】为了能够被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。whisper “低声说，私语”；signal “发信号，（用手势）示意”；declare “（正式）宣称”；complain “抱怨”。?5. arise vi. 出现; 发生; 起身; 起床
Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises. （课文原句）
然后她把我在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。“呈现; 出现; 发生”之意时, 主语多为抽象名词argument/problem/quarrel/question/ movement等。
arise from/out of
由……而引起, 由……而产生; 从……中产生arise/arouse/rise/raise用arise/arouse/rise/raise的适当形式填空。
1) I thought it would be easy, but a lot of problems have ______.
2) We were watching the children ________ the national flag, and saw it ______ slowly in the wind, which ________ our patriotic (爱国的) minds.arisenraisingrisingaroused1. as a result 结果
As a result I totally changed my shape.
（课文原句）
因此我已经完全改变了我的形状。 短语【拓展】
as a result of 由于; 作为……的结果
without result 毫无结果地
result from... 由……产生
result in... 导致; 结果; 以……为结局as a consequence 与as a result
as a consequence 结果
as a consequence of 由于; 作为……的结果
as a consequence 与as a result 是同义语,可以通用, 并没有区别2. in a way 从某一角度看; 在某种程度上
In a way our programmer is like our coach.
（课文原句）
从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。【拓展】
all the way 一路上; 一直; 完全
by the way 顺便说
in the way 妨碍; 挡路
in this way 以这种方法
in no way 决不; 无论如何都不
on the way 在途中
on one’s way to...
在某人去……的途中; 即将成为…… break down old way 破除旧习
fight one’s way forward
奋勇前进, 闯出前进的道路
find a way out 找到出路, 发现出路
lead the way 带路, 引路, 示范
lose one’s way 迷路
open the way 开辟道路3. deal with 处理; 安排; 对付; 论述
This means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. （课文原句）
这就是说，它能打扫家，拖地，做饭，并且可以处理电话。 deal with 在句中和how连用, 表示怎样处理; 如果后面没有接宾语, 就只能与what连用, 表示处理什么事。
do with 多和what连用, “处理, 安排”。
【拓展】
have a great deal/much to do with
和…… 有很大些关系... …
make a deal with 做交易4. watch over 看守; 监视; 照顾
It should also watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house very often.
（课文原句）
它也可以照看我淘气的侄女，她经常到我家。 【拓展】
watch out (for) 当心; 注意
be on the watch for 留神; 注意……
keep watch 值班; 放哨
keep (a) watch on... 监视……1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我发展很慢, 差不多到了两百年之后, 查尔斯·巴比奇才将我制成了一台分析机。句式It＋be＋时间段＋before... “过一段时间后才/就……”; 若主语为将来时态, 从句则用一般现在时态; 其主句是一般过去时态或过去完成时态, 从句用一般过去时。【提示】
before在引导时间状语从句时, 除了译成“在……之前/……之后”之外, 在不同的语境中还可译成“还没来得及……就……”或 “趁着……还没有……就……”。翻译下列句子。
过不了多久这样的事还会发生。
It won’t be long before such things happen again.
过了几天才找到这三位失踪的游客。
It had been/was several days before the three missing tourists were found.2. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant,I never forget anything I have been told! (P18)
随着时间的推移, 我的记忆能力发展得如此之快, 就像一头大象一样, 我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何东西!
so/such...that 引导结果状语从句, “如此……以至于”。e.g.
So fast did the teacher speak that I couldn’t follow him.
那个老师说得太快, 我听不懂。
He was so excited that he could not speak.
他兴奋地连话都说不出来了。so...that...句型的常见形式:
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that...
so＋many/few/much/little...＋n.＋that...
such...that...句型的基本结构:
such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that...
such+adj.+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that...【提示】
so.../such...that句型中, so或such放在句首, 主句应部分倒装。
so that以便于 (引导目的状语从句); 结果 (引导结果状语从句)。【归纳】现在完成时的被动语态构成：
肯定式：have/ has + been + 及物动词的过去分词。如：
The results of their experiments have already been published.
The party has been planned since the new year.语法现在完成时的被动语态否定式：have/ has + not + been +及物动词的过去分词。如：
They haven’t been told about it yet.
一般疑问句形式：Have/ Has +主语+ been +及物动词的过去分词。如：
—Have his books been sold out?
—Yes. So you can’t buy one now.
特殊疑问句形式：疑问词 + have / has + been +及物动词的过去分词。如：
How many experiments have been done by the students this month?现在完成时的被动语态有以下两种情况：
1) 表过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常连用的时间状语有：for+段时间，since +时间状语（从句），these days, so far, up to now, in the last/ past few years等。 如：
This class have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years.
His Chinese has been improved a lot since he came to China.
JK Rowling’s novels have been translated into many foreign languages so far.2) 表某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。 如：
The bike has not been repaired yet.
I have already been introduced to Mr. Smith.【即学即练】
I. 用所给（短语）动词的正确形式填空。
1. The children _____________ (tell) many times not to go near the river.
2. In the last few years thousands of films _________________ (produce) all over the world.?
3. Jenny _________ (make) rapid progress recently and is always being praised by the teachers.
4. This topic ___________________ (talk about) for two hours.have been toldhave been producedhas madehas been talked aboutII. 用现在完成时的被动语态重组下列句子。
1. a new hospital for women and children, build, in Beijing
????__________________________________
__________________________________?????
2. more and more trees, cut down, by farmers
__________________________________
__________________________________A new hospital for women and children
has been built in?Beijing. More and more trees have been cut
down by farmers. 3. about 300 buildings and houses, destroy, in the earthquake
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
4. a lot of money, spend, protect the old temple
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
5. the price, bring down, in the past year
_____________________________________
_____________________________________About 300 buildings and houses have been
destroyed in the earthquake. A lot of money has been spent protecting
the old temple. The price has been brought down in the
past year. Shakespeare’s?play?Hamlet ______ into?at?least?ten?different?films?over?the past?years. (2013 北京)??
A. had?been?made?? B. was?made?
C. has?been?made?? D. would?be?made?
【解析】莎士比亚的作品《哈姆雷特》在过去的几年中被拍成了至少十部不同的电影。“over?the?past+时间段”通常与现在完成时连用。写作描写自己理想中的未来机器人【写作指导】
描述理想中的未来机器人属于想象类作文，属于开放式作文的一种。一般没有内容要点的限制，只给出总体的写作要求，留给作者很大自由发挥的空间。我们需要展开想象的翅膀，对理想中的未来机器人的形态、构造、性质、功能等进行大胆的设想，并进行科学的描述。写作时，可采用不同的说明方法，从不同角度对机器人给我们的生活带来的好处进行描述。为避免单纯描写带来的枯燥性，可适当运用修辞手法，如拟人、比喻等，使文章显得更加生动。【写作任务】
某英文报以“My ideal robot in the future”为题进行征文活动。请你写一篇英语短文介绍你理想中的未来机器人。
注意：词数120左右。
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________【参考表达】
1. Robots are supposed to do boring and difficult jobs that humans cannot do or don’t want to do.
2. Robots may be dangerous ...
3. It does all the work around the house.
4. It is very patient and never complains.
5. A robot is a very human-like servant and it cares for us.6. It is quite possible that robots will turn out to be quite smart.
7. Robots in the future can provide ...
8. We can imagine a future in which robots will care for our children and develop friendships with us.【参考范文】
My ideal robot in the future
My ideal robot in the future is called Toby. He is 1.6 meters tall and looks exactly like a normal man. The main difference is that in Toby’s hair are tiny panels that use light to charge his power pack to make sure all his computer programs keep running. Toby helps me both in my house and in my car. He does all the work around my house for me. Toby cooks my food, cleans the house and does all the washing and ironing. He is very patient and never complains. As a result, I have more time to do whatever I like. Toby is also my driver. He has a program in his brain for directions so I never get lost.巩固练习I. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Frank escaped from ________ (real) by going to the pub every afternoon.
2. He tried to ________ (simple) the story for the younger audience.
3. If you think you’re going to lose from the start, then defeat is the ________ (logic) outcome.
4. ____________ (technology) advances in computing and telecommunications will reduce the need for many people to travel to work.realitysimplifylogicalTechnological5. Jim was highly __________ (intelligence), but disliked studying.
6. My neighbors come from ________ (total) different cultures.
7. Regular __________ (apply) of the cream should reduce swelling within 24 hours.
8. We wish them every __________ (happy) in their new life.
9. She will be making a public ___________ (appear), signing copies of her latest novel.intelligent?totallyapplicationhappinessappearanceII. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. A lot of measures ______________ (take) to protect wildlife here in the past three years.
2. The topic ______________ (talk) about for a long time.
3. Since the end of the war over five thousand prisoners ________________ (release).have been takenhas been talkedhave been released4. So far this week 8 reports about the incident __________________ (publish) on the Internet.
5. The victims’ relatives _________________ (tell) about the bad news yet.haven’t been toldhave been publishedIII. 阅读材料，在空白处填入适当的内容。
Do you know what’s the 1. _________ (differ) between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
The Internet has been around a long time. It was started in 2. ____ 1960s by the US military (军方) and later used at universities and laboratories. Later on it began to spread to 3. ________ (person) computers, or PCs, as well. Basically, it’s just a big collection of millions of computers and cables (电缆) connected together like roads and highways.differencethepersonalIn 1989, a British computer scientist, Tim Berners-Lee, 4. _______ (work) at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Switzerland, wanted to be able to access files on different computers there. At that time screens were just full of text. It was good for exchanging information, but looked boring. This problem 5. _________ (solve) by using something called HTML, with which pictures and sound could be displayed and exchanged. Also, a URL, 6. ______ is like an address, allowed you to find files on different computers. workingwas solvedwhichTim Berners-Lee, 7. _____ the help of a Belgian computer scientist, Robert Cailliau, brought all these things together and the World Wide Web was born. The World Wide Web is a big collection of HTML pages on the Internet; free software called browsers (浏览器) allows you to jump from one web page to any 8. ______. Now, there are about 65 billion web pages or sites published on the World Wide Web for you 9. ________ (explore), each with its own URL. 10. _______ in a way it’s like a huge system running on the Internet.withotherto exploreSo/Thus