人教新课标高二选修7 Unit 2 Robots单元复习课件（78张）

课件78张PPT。Unit 2
Robots知识归纳知识清单1. ____________ n. 天才; 特殊能力; 才干
2. ____________ vt. 细看; 仔细检查; 粗略地
看; 浏览; 扫描
3. ____________ n. 超重的; 体重超常的
4. ____________ n. 渴望; 欲望; 渴求
vt. 希望得到; 想要
5. ____________ adj. 优雅的; 高雅的; 讲究
的
6. ____________ n. 额外津贴; 奖金; 红利 talentscanoverweightdesireelegantbonus(一) 基本单词7. ____________ adj. 较年幼的; 资历较浅
的; 地位较低的
n. 年少者; 晚辈; 等级较
低者
8. ____________ adj. 兼职的
9. ____________ vt. 陪伴, 伴奏
10. ___________ adj. 极坏的; 极讨厌的; 可
怕的; (口语)糟透的
11. ___________ n. 事务; 事情; 暧昧关系
12. ___________ n. 围裙junior part-timeaccompanyawfulaffairapron13. ___________ vt. 宣布; 声明; 表明; 宣称
14. ___________ vt. 忌妒; 羡慕
15. ___________ adj. 理论(上)的; 假设的
16. ___________ n. 全体员工; 手杖
17. ___________ n. (由他人撰写的)传纪;
传记文学
18. ___________ n. 思想; 思考
19. ___________ n. (书中的)章; 篇; 回
20. ___________ n. 离婚; 断绝关系
vt. 与……离婚; 与……脱离declareenvytheoreticalstaffbiographythinkingchapterdivorce21. ____________ n. 喜爱; 爱; 感情
22. ____________ n. 小说; 虚构或想象出来
的事
23. ____________ n. 喜爱; 恩惠
vt. 喜爱; 偏袒
24. ____________ n. 堆; 摞; 叠
vi. 堆起; 堆积
vt. 把……堆起; 积聚
25. ____________ adj. 荒谬的; 可笑的
26. ____________ n. (坐、跪时用的)软
垫; 靠垫; 垫子affectionfictionfavourpileabsurdcushion27. ____________ n. 烹饪(风味); 菜肴
28. ____________ adj. 数字的; 数码的; 手
指的; 脚趾的
29. ____________ adv. 在一边; 向一边
30. ____________ adj. 大的; 豪华的; 雄伟的
31. ____________ adj. 一定的; 密切相关的
32. ____________ adj. 神的; 上帝的; 圣洁的
33. ____________ n. 生物化学
34. ____________ n. 评价; 评定cuisinedigitalasidegrandboundholybiochemistryassessment35. ___________ vt. 使警觉; 使惊恐; 惊动
n. 警报; 惊恐
→____________ adj. 担心的; 害怕的
36. ___________ vt. & vi. 服从; 顺从
→____________ vt. & vi. 不服从; 违抗
37. ___________ n. 满意; 满足; 令人满意的
事物
→____________ adj. 感到满意的
→____________ adj. 令人满意的
→____________ adj. 令人满意的; 够好
→____________ v. 使满足; 使满意alarmalarmedobeydisobeysatisfaction satisfysatisfiedsatisfyingsatisfactory(二) 派生单词38. ____________ n. 同情(心); 支持; 赞
同
→_____________ adj. 同情的; 出于
同情的
→_____________ v. 同情; 赞同; 支持sympathysympatheticsympathize1. _____________ 考验出; 检验完
2. _____________ 给……打电话
3. _____________ 转身; 翻转
4. _____________ 不管; 别惹; 让……一个
人待着; 和……单独在一起
5. _____________ 将……放在一边; 为……节
省或保留(钱或时间)
6. _____________ 一共; 总计
7. _____________ 一定做……test outring upturn aroundleave… aloneset asidein allbe bound to(三) 短 语She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn’t want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. 结构分析: 句中cried out和heard是主句中的并列谓语。that... and that... 是两个并列的从句, 作declare的宾语。(四) 句式核心要点1. desire n. 渴望; 欲望; 渴求
vt. 希望得到; 想要
Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires? （课文原句）
你认为一个机器人可能会有它自己的需要和渴望吗？单词 【归纳】
desire作名词, 后常接介词短语、动词不定式或that从句(谓语常用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略)。
desire作动词, 后常接名词、代词、动词不定式、复合结构或that从句(谓语常用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略)。【运用】用适当的介词填空，
(1) They seem to have lost their desire ____ life.
(2) I had a strong desire ___ help and care for people.
(3) Tom desired ___ return to his homeland. fortoto2. favour/favor n. 喜爱; 恩惠
vt. 喜爱; 偏袒
As a favor Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant. （课文原句）
托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得漂亮，使她的家变得高雅大方。【归纳】
in favor of=in support of 赞成; 支持
do sb. a favor 给某人以恩惠; 帮某人一个忙
ask sb. a favour
=ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
in sb.’s favour 对某人有利
favor A over B=prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B【拓展】
favorable ?adj.
赞成的, 同意的, 令人高兴的, 肯定的
倾向于支持(某人/物)的, 有帮助的, 合适的【运用】
1) 请你帮我拿一下行李好吗？
Could you please ______________ to take the baggage?
2) 就我个人来说, 我赞成前面一种看法。
Personally, I am __________ the former view.
3) 中国的父母们历来重男轻女。
Chinese parents traditionally ___________
_________.
4) 我想请你帮个忙。
I want to ask a favour ___ you.do me a favorin favor ofover girlsoffavor boys3. accompany vt. 陪伴; 伴奏
As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her. （课文原句）
因为不允许托尼陪克莱尔去商店，所以托尼就给她写了一份购物清单。【归纳】
accompany sb. (at/on sth.)
(尤指用钢琴)为……伴凑
【运用】
⑴ 她头一次出门, 我想送她一程。
It is her first time to go on a long journey;
_______________________ a short distance.
⑵ 这位歌手由她的姐姐为她钢琴伴奏。
The singer was _______________ the piano
by her sister.I’d like to accompany heraccompanied on4. declare vt. 宣布; 声明; 表明; 宣称
She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn’t want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. （课文原句）
她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。【归纳】
declare that
公布; 宣告; 表明; 宣称
declare against sb./ sth.
声明反对; 表示不赞成
declare for sb./ sth.
声明支持; 表示赞成【运用】
⑴ 他声称自己是无罪的(innocent)。
He declared ___________________.
⑵ 人民声明反对这场战争。
The people declare _______________.
⑶ Honored guests, now I __________ _______________ (我宣布会议开始). that he was innocentconference openagainst the wardeclare the5. junior adj. 较年幼的; 资历较浅的; 地位
较低的
n. 年少者; 晚辈; 等级较低者
In 1942 he joined the staff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for three years. （课文原句）
1942年，他在费城海军造船厂里担任初级化学师，干了三年。【归纳】
be junior to sb.
比某人年少, 职位较……低
be…years sb.’s junior/ be sb.’s junior
(by…)
小某人……岁; 比某人小……岁6. talent n. 天才; 特殊能力; 才干
It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious. （课文原句）
早在阿西莫夫11岁的时候，他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。【归纳】
have a talent/gift for...
有……才能/天赋
【拓展】
talented adj. 有才能的; 天才的
talented players/artists/youngsters
天才运动员/艺术家/神童【运用】根据汉语意思, 完成英语句子。
⑴ 王老师是一个才华横溢的人。
Mr. Wang is a man _______________.
⑵ 那个女孩有音乐天赋。
The girl ______________ music. has a talent forof many talents7. divorce n. 离婚; 断绝关系
vt. 与……离婚; 与……脱离
Soon after his divorce in 1973, Asimov married again but he had no children with his second wife. （课文原句）
1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了。但是他与第二任妻子没有生育儿女。 【注】
正如表示“和某人结婚”, 不用marry with
sb.一样, 表示“与某人离婚”, 也不说
divorce with sb.。因为marry和divorce本
身作及物动词, 本身就含“和……结婚/离
婚”之意。【运用】根据汉语意思, 完成英语句子。
⑴ 两年前她同丈夫离婚了。
She __________________________ her husband two years ago.
⑵ 他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。
They believed that art should be
_____________ politics. divorced/got a divorce fromdivorced from8. obey vi. & vt. 服从; 顺从
A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings. （课文原句）
机器人必须服从由人类给予的指令。 【拓展】
disobey v. 不服从, 不顺从【运用】根据汉语意思, 完成英语句子。
⑴ 任何学生都必须遵守校规。
Any student should ______________
_____.
⑵ 他别无选择, 只有服从。
He had no choice ___________. but to obeyobey the schoolrules1. test out 考验出; 检验完
It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. （课文原句）
这项实验将有拉里的夫人克莱尔来尝试。短语 【拓展】
work out 设计出; 计算出
take out 拿出; 取出
wear out 穿破; 耗尽; 使厌烦
come out 出来; 显露
set out 动身; 开始【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
⑴ 昨晚我叫他过来测试我的新电脑。
I asked him to _______________________
___________.
⑵ 科学家靠实验检验理论。
Scientists ______________ by experiment.test out my new computertest out theorieslast night2. turn around 转身; 回转; 使(业务)好转
As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. （课文原句）
她刚一转过去，就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那儿。【归纳】
turn in 归还; 上交; 去睡觉
turn up 调大(声音, 热度)
turn down 调低(声音, 热度); 拒绝
turn on 开(电灯, 电视); 启动(汽车)
turn off 关(自来水, 电灯)
turn out 结果是; 成为
turn to 求助于; 翻到(书中某页)【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
⑴ 我转过身去发现父亲站在那儿。
I _____________ and saw my father standing there.
⑵ 在近三年里她已使公司的业务好转起来。
In the last 3 years she __________ the company ________.aroundturned aroundhas turnedTom?had?to______?the?invitation?to?the?party?lastweekend?because?he?was?too?busy.?(2015，天津)
A.?turn?in???????? B.?turn?down????
C.?turn?over???????????D.?turn?to?
【解析】?上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。A.?turn?in?上交；B.?turn?down拒绝；?C.?turn?over?移交；D.?turn?to求助。3. leave ... alone 不管; 别惹; 让……一个
人待着; 和……单独在一起
She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed. （课文原句）
她高声嚷着：“让我自己呆一会！”就跑上床。 【归纳】
leave aside 搁置
leave behind 留下(不带走), 遗忘(没拿)
leave for ... 动身到……, 出发去……
leave off 停止
leave out 漏掉, 遗漏【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. __________________, or you’ll be bitten by it.
别惹那只狗, 不然你会被它咬伤。
2. _________________________.
我不想一个人待着。
3. She always tried to avoid being ________ with Miss Anderson.
她总是试图避免与安德森小姐独处。Leave that dog aloneI don’t want to be left aloneleft alone4. set aside 把……放在一边; 留出, 拨出
(金钱或时间)
He felt happy when his boss stated that he could set aside some time for exercise.
（课文原句）
当他的老板宣布他可以给训练留出时间时，他很高兴。 【归纳】
set about (doing) sth. 开始, 着手
set down 记下, 写下
set off 开始, 动身; (使)爆炸
set out (to do) 出发, 开始
set up 建立; 竖立, 升起【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
⑴ 那辆旧车已被搁置一旁不再使用了。
The old car ________________ and is
out of use.
⑵ 争取每天至少抽出一个小时来学习新词
汇。
Try to ______________________ each
day for learning new vocabulary. has been set asideset aside at least an hour5. be bound to
有……的义务, 一定……
Who said that making a robot so much like a man was bound to cause trouble?
（课文原句）
谁说制作出一个和人类很相像的机器人就一定会引起麻烦？ 【运用】根据据汉语意思完成英语句子。
⑴ 大家应当遵守法律。
All _________________________.
⑵ You’ve done so much work —
___________________________ (你一定
能及格).are bound to obey the lawsyou’re bound to pass the examI. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
She obtained great ___________ (satisfy) from helping other people.
2. A(n) ________ (receive) was appointed by the court to handle the company’s affairs.receiversatisfaction ?3. If you continue to ________ (obey) the rules, you will be punished.
4. The tests are supposed to provide a basis for the __________ (assess) of children.assessmentdisobey ?II. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. The Ferrari team wanted to test their new car _____ on the racetrack.
2. The teacher has absolutely no sympathy _____ students who get caught cheating in exams.
3. Why don’t you ring ____ Simon and ask him to the party?upoutfor ?4. The company turned ________ from losses of ￡1.4 million last year to profits of ￡26,800.
5. Try to set ______ some time each day for exercise.
6. The author has a great affection ____ his hometown.
7. Mozart’s talent _____ music showed at an early age.foraroundasidefor语法?????? 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态（一）常用的几种时态的被动语态及含有情态动词的被动语态的构成形式：动词不定式的被动语态：1. 当动词不定式与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式有两种：①一般式的被动式：to be done；②完成式的被动式：to have been done。
2. 动词不定式的被动式在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语及主语补足语。e.g.
1. It’s an honor to be invited to the ceremony.
2. This book is to be published next year.
3. Jennifer begged to be forgiven.
4. The airport to be completed next month will help promote tourism in this city.
5. David was sent there to be trained for the space flight.
6. The woman doesn’t want her son to be taken away.
7. The book was said to have been published before he passed away.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
?????? I, who have a physical disability, have something to say. I dislike 1. ____________ (call) disabled. I have learned to live with my body and have adjusted my way of life. I know people are trying to help me, but I hope I can 2. _________ (treat) as a normal person. I would like 3. ____________ (accept) for who I am. While I may not be able to walk, a lot ofto be acceptedbeing calledbe treatedgreat things remain 4. __________ (do) in my life. My dream is 5. ____________ (admit) to a top university. I love reading about young disabled people who have overcome great difficulties. One of the most encouraging articles 6. ___________ (write) by a blind girl. She was said 7. _________________ (give) an award for young scientists.
?????? The circumstances of my life put me in a wheelchair, but I believe my potential will 8. ____________ (develop) and lead to success. be developedto be doneto be admittedwas writtento have been given?--Did?you?enjoy?the?party??
--Yes, we ___ by?our?hosts.? (2015，北京)
A. were?treated??? B. would?be?treated.???
C. treated?? ?D. had?treated?
【解析】—你喜欢这个聚会吗？—是的，我们的主人很好的招待了我们。根据did可知用一般过去时；且we和treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。注意结合上下文语境，找出相关提示词来判断时态；并且分析出主语和动词是主谓关系还是动宾关系。Despite?the?previous?rounds?of?talks,?no?
agreement ____?so?far?by?the?two?sides.?
(2015, 天津)
A.?has?been?reached?????? B.?was?reached??
C.?will?reach?????? D.?will?have?reached?
【解析】尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so?far“到目前为止”可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系。To?my?delight,?I?from?hundreds?of?applicants?to?attend?the?opening?ceremony.? (2015, 福建)
A.?was?chosen? B.?was?being?chosen?
C.?would?choose? D.?had?chosen?
【解析】让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的参加者中被选中参加开幕式。是被动语态，又因为被选中是过去发生的事情，对过去发生的事情的一般描述，故用一般过去式。?写作【写作任务】
假设你是某国际中学的学生，学校正在举办家用机器人(household robot)设计大赛活动，请你展开合理想象，用英语写一篇文章，介绍你理想中未来的家用机器人，并发表到你校英语论坛上。
?????注意：词数120左右。如何写想象类作文【写作指导】
?????? 这是一篇想象类作文。想象类作文是一种创造性的写作，是开放式作文的一种。此类写作要注意以下几点：
?????? 一、想象既要新颖，有创造性，又要合情合理，符合生活的客观现实；
?????? 二、写作目的要明确，段落叙述始终围绕主题展开；
?????? 三、合理使用连接词，使文章衔接连贯。
?????? 针对这篇习作的主题，可以把全文分为三段：
?????? 第一段：开门见山，提出想象的话题——未来的家用机器人；
?????? 第二段：描写未来家用机器人的特征及功能；
?????? 第三段：进行简要总结。【常用表达】
What will ... be like?
Here is what I think about ...
It is different from ...
It is like ...
Its size / shape is ...???
It has some unique characteristics/practical
functions ...
I think it will be helpful / beneficial ...
It will make people’s life ...【参考范文】
What will the household robot in the future be like? Here is what I think about it.
It will be no longer like a cold machine but like a human being with warm skin and changeable expressions. Its shape will be flexible. It has lots of practical functions. For instance, it can assist the owner in doing housework, such as cleaning the room, washing clothes or plates and cooking dinners. It can also work as a tutor or play with children. What’s more, it can sense the owner’s feelings. When the owner is upset, it can give him comfort and advice. When the owner is lonely, it can keep him company.
In a word, the future household robot will make people’s life easier, happier and more colorful.巩固练习I. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
Slowly but surely the coastline of Britain 1. ______________ (wear) away by an advancing sea. The country which once “ruled the waves” now 2. _____________ (rule) by them, with huge forces threatening to destroy vast areas of human and wildlife habitat. Already some of Britain’s vast wild and natural areas 3. _________________ __________________(disappear), andare disappearing/is being wornis being ruledhave disappearedexperts 4. _____ (fear) that this is just the beginning. It 5. ___________________________ (estimate) that there will be a 38-55cm rise in average sea levels by the year 2100. According to the Department of Environment, during the next 50 years at least 10,000 hectares of farmland 6. ____________ (turn) into mud flats and salt marshes (沼泽) by the increases in sea levels. Rather than trying to prevent the erosion,will be turnedfearis estimated/has been estimatederosion, the government 7. _________________ (use) a method of “managed retreat” by creating new defences further inland and allowing low-lying coastal farmland 8. _______ __________ (abandon) to the sea. However, many of the country’s major cities could also 9. _________ (affect). London, Bristol and Cardiff all expect severe flooding as their sea defences 10. ______________________________ (destroy) by the rising tides.are destroyed/are being destroyedis using/has usedabandonedbe affectedto beII. 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Types of Robots in Space
Today, there are two types of devices 1. ___________ can be considered space robots. One is the ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) and the other is the RMS (Remote Manipulator System).
Typically, ROVs are used in nuclearwhich/that facilities 2. _____ inspection and repair in areas too dangerous for humans, and by police bomb squads (警方拆弹队) for removal of potentially dangerous materials. Space researchers are 3. __________ (especial) interested in this type of robot for terrain (地形) 4. ___________ (explore) in space.
The most common type of existing robotic device is the crane-like RMS, or robot arm, exploration for ?especiallymost often used in industry and manufacturing. This mechanical arm recreates many of the movements of the human arm, 5. ________ (have) not only side-to-side and up-and-down motion, 6. ________ a full 360-degree circular motion at the wrist. Robot arms are of two types. One is computer-operated and programmed for 7. _____ specific fun_ction. The other requires a human 8. __________to control ? havingbut (also)a ?(control) the strength and movement of the arm to perform the task. So far, a robot arm 9. _____________ (perform) a number of tasks on several NASA space missions — serving astronauts 10. ________ (work) in space. workinghas performed