人教新课标高二选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity单元复习课件（84张）

课件84张PPT。Unit 1
A land of diversity知识清单1. _______ n. 海峡
2. _______ adj. 北极的；北极区的
3. _________ n. (政府的) 部；(全体)牧师；
牧师的职责
4. _________ adj. 天主教的 n. 天主教徒
5. _________ adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的
6. ______ n. 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条
7. ___________ n. 百分比；百分率straitArcticministryCatholicfederalrailpercentage(一) 基本单词单词8. _______ n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi. 处于
经济飞速发展时期
9. __________ n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机
10. ________ adj. 人种的；种族的
11. ___________ n. 横渡；横越；十字路口
12. ______ n. & adj. 代理；副职
13. _____ n. 地极；电极；磁极
14. _______ vi. 发生；出现
15. ________ n. 手段；方法boomaircraftracialcrossingvicepoleoccurmeans16. _______ vt. & vi. 刮；剃
17. ______ n. (有轨)电车
18. _______ n. 闸；刹车；制动器
vi. & vt. 刹(车)
19. __________ n. (公车)售票员；列车员
20. ____ vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑动；滑倒
21. ______ n. 渡船；渡口 vt. 摆渡；渡运
22. _______ n. 角；角度
23. _____ adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的shavetrambrakeconductorslipferryanglecivil24. ___________ n. 权威；权力
25. _________ vt. & vi. 改革；革新
n. 改革；改造
26. ______ vt. & n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会
27. __________ adj. 感激的；感谢的
28. ________ vt. 插入；嵌入
29. __________ n. 苦难；困苦
30. __________ n. & vt. 租用；雇用
31. __________ adv. 无处；到处都无
32. ________ vt. &vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛authorityreformgraspthankfulinserthardshiphirenowheremourn33. __________ adj. 清晰的；明确的→
___________ n. 差别；区分
34. ____________ vt. 选择或决定(做某事)；选举(某人)→__________ n. 选举
35. ___________ n. 侄子；外甥→__________ n. 外甥女
36. ___________ n. 社会主义者；社会党人
adj. 社会主义的→ __________ n. 社会主义
37. _____________ n. 处罚；惩罚→__________ vt.惩罚distinctdistinctionelectelectionnephewniecesocialistsocialismpunishmentpunish(二) 派生单词38. __________ n. 申请人→ ______ v. 申请；请求 → __________ n. 申请；申请书
39. ___________________ customs n. →customer n. ______________
40. ________ vt. 指出；表明；暗示→_______ n. 表明；象征
41. __________ adj. 显然的→___________ adv.显而易见地
42. __________ n. 大多数；大半→(反义词)
__________ applicantapplyapplication海关，关税顾客indicateindicationapparentapparentlymajorityminority1. ____________ 继续存在；继续生存
2. ____________ 用……的方法；借助……
3. ______________ 大多数的
4. ______________ 对……宣战
5. _____________习惯新的生活方式、工作等
6. __________ 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)
7. _________ 某事被提到；出现在头脑中 live onby means ofthe majority ofdeclare war onmake a lifekeep upoccur to短语8. _____________ 背靠背
9. _____________与……合作或一起工作
10. ____________ 标出……(界线)；画线
11. ____________ 申请；请示得到
12. ______________... 对……感到感激back to backteam up withmark outapply forbe thankful for1. That is why today over 40% of Californians
speak Spanish as a first or second language.
That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)句式2. It is believed that before long the mix of
nationalities will be so great that there will
be no distinct major racial or cultural
groups, but simply a mixture of many
races and cultures.
It is believed that... =People believe that…
人们认为核心要点1. means n. [C] 方法；手段 (单复数同形)
[课文原句]Scientists believe that these
settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the
Arctic to America by means of a land
bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时
期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令
海峡到达美洲。单词【归纳】
by means of... 用……办法，借助……
by all means 务必；不惜一切地
(用于交际英语表示同意)
当然可以，没问题
by no means 绝不，一点也不翻译下列句子。
他们依靠坚忍不拔而获得成功。
They succeeded by means of perseverance.
我们应该想方设法提高生产率。
We should by all means raise productivity.
这种游戏绝不会再发生了。
It is by no means certain that the game will take place. means, way, method, manner, approach
means指为达到一个目的或产生某种结果而采用的方法、手段。
way是最普通、最常用的词，可以指一切“方法、办法”。
method是指理论的或系统的方法，有时是针对某个具体问题而采用的特殊方法，常与with连用。manner指特殊的或怪异的方式、方法，与动作有关。
approach常与to搭配，指从事某事的特别方法、途径。[真题呈现](2011·浙江)
—Can I come and have a look at your new house?
—Yes, ________！
A. with pleasure B. I like it
C. I quite agree D. by all means2. majority n. 大半；大多数[课文原句] Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.
在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原居住人民传授天主教。【归纳】
a/ the majority of …大多数，大半
be in the/a majority 占大多数
have a majority over sb.
获得多于某人的……；战胜某人
【拓展】minority n. 少数
in the minority 占少数
major adj. 主要的　vi.专修；主攻
major in主修翻译下列句子。
他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。
He won the seat with a majority of 71 votes.
在英国，妇女占多数。
In Britain women are in the majority.
大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.majority, family, class, group, team, government, public, enemy, army, audience, committee等集体名词作主语时，若将其视作一个整体，则谓语动词用单数；若强调各个成员，则谓语动词用复数。温馨提示[真题呈现](2011·湖南)
One-third of the country ______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________ black people.
A. is; are B. is; is
C. are; are D. are; is 3. elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人[课文原句] By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal
State of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。【归纳】
“选举”时，常用结构：elect sb. to sth.；elect sb. to be / as（to be / as后跟表示职务或头衔的名词，to be / as可省略）；
“选择/决定”时，常用于elect to do sth.结构。
【拓展】election n. 选举，选择，抉择4. occur vi. 发生；出现
[课文原句] Yes. It didn’t occur to me that...是的，我没想到……【归纳】
sth. occurs to sb. 某事被某人想起
(come into one’s mind)
it occurs to sb. that... 某人想起
it occurs to sb. to do sth.
某人想起做某事【拓展】
occurrence n. 发生；出现；(偶然)事件表达“发生”之意时，occur与happen可以互换；另外occur, happen, take place, break out等表示“发生；爆发”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。occur 结构中主语不能是人，而是想到的事情或it作形式主语。温馨提示[真题呈现](2012·江西卷，25) It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.
A. whether B. where
C. which D. that5. indicate
[课文原句] Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.
试着用上面的表达表明你在认真听同伴的讲述。【归纳】v. ①表明，显示；②象征，暗示；③示意，间接提及；④指示，指出；⑤发出改变行车方向的信号。如：
Research indicates that over 91% of workers are satisfied with their pay.
Toby took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us.
What made us angry was that the driver indicated left but turned right.
【拓展】indication n. 象征，显示，标示6. hire vt. n. 租用，雇佣，租金
[课文原句] Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.
同饭店里的一对夫妻作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。【归纳】hire sth. out (to sb.) 把……租出去
on hire出租　for hire可供出租e.g. Let’s hire a car for the weekend.
我们租辆车过周末吧！
David used to hire out his car sometimes
when he didn’t need it himself.
大卫过去有时会在自己不用车的时候把
车租出去。
There are many boats for hire here.
这里有许多船出租 [即景活用]
用hire，employ和rent的适当形式填空
① Our house has been ________ by a
newly-married couple.
② It’s important to ________ proper words
in writing a poem.
③ We ________ a driver to take us on a
tour of the city.rentedemployhired7. reform vt. & vi. 改革；革新
n. 改革；改良；悔改
[课文原句] In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA.
1940年民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会定居美国。
【归纳】
reform oneself 改过自新，自我改造
the open and reform policy 改革开放政策1. live on 以……为食，靠（……钱）生
活，继续活着，继续存在；
[课文原句] The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home.
这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。短语【归纳】
live by 按照（某一套信念或原则行
事）， 靠……为生
live for 为……而活
live off 依靠……过活
live up to 达到（某标准、高度等），符
合，不辜负（他人的期望）2. by means of 用……办法，借助……
【拓展】
beyond/within one’s means
超过某人经济条件/在某人承受能力之内
by all means
尽一切办法，一定，当然可以
by any means 想一切办法，一定要
by some means (or other) 用某种办法
by no means / not by any means
决不，一点也不3. keep up 保持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)
[课文原句] In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.
1911年，丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。keep (on) doing sth. 继续、重复做某事
keep sth. up使某物保持在高水平
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep on 继续
keep to sth. 遵守，信守 [即景活用]
观察句子，写出划线部分的含义
① Many people keep up this old tradition.
(　　　)
② The wet weather will keep up for three days.
(　　　 )
③ The high cost of building materials keeps the
house price up. (　　　 )
④ The help of her friends kept her up.
(　　　 )沿袭天气持续不变保持在高水平使不倒下4. back to back adv. 背靠背地
back-to-back adj. 紧接的，背靠着背的
[课文原句] Sit back to back with your partner so you can’t see each other.
【拓展】
face to face adv. 面对面地
face-to-face adj. 面对面的5. team up with 与……合作或一起工作
[课文原句] Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.
【拓展】
catch up with 赶上
come up with（问题等）提出，想 出，赶上
end up with 以……告终fed up with 受够了，饱受，厌烦；
fill up with 用……装满；
keep up with 跟上，赶上；
meet up with 偶遇；
put up with 容忍，忍受。6. apply for 申请；请示得到
[课文原句] From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.
从1882年到1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，许多中国人在那申请美国居住权。
【拓展】apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某物
apply to适用于
apply...to...把……应用到……
apply oneself to (doing) sth.专注
于；专心做某事 【运用】填入适当的词。
⑴ I’ll apply _____ the job today.
⑵ What you said doesn’t apply ____ me. tofor 1. That is why today over 40% of Californians
speak Spanish as a first or second language.
why引导的为表语从句，注意句式区别：
That’s why...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
That’s because...那是因为……(because从句表示原因)句式The reason why...is/was that... ……的原因
是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用
because)。如：
That’s why he is fond of swimming.
那就是他喜欢游泳的原因。
Mark came late for the meeting. That was because his mother was ill.
迈克开会迟到了，那是因为他妈妈生病了。The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus often changes.
每年需要重新注射的原因是这种病毒经常变化。2. It is believed that before long the mix of
nationalities will be so great that there will
be no distinct major racial or cultural
groups, but simply a mixture of many
races and cultures.
It is believed that... =People believe that…
人们认为结构分析: 本句It is believed that...句型里that引导一个 ⑴ _______ 从句；该主语从句中又有so...that...句型, that引导 ⑵ ______ 状语从句；该状语从句的结构是：there will be no...or...but ...and ...(将没有……或……而是……)。结果主语同类句型：
It is thought that... 人们认为……
It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is hoped that...希望……
It is decided that...兹决定……
It is suggested that...有人建议……考点一：主语从句
1. _____ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.?? (2014陕西)
A. Why?? ???? B. When??? ?
C. That?????? ?? D. What
引导主语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故选When。 语法名词性从句高考考点点拨2. I think _____ impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.? (2014天津)
A. what?? ???? B. that????? C. which?????? ?? D. who
引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，且由表语the colors he uses可知，应选what。
3. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter _____ you have lived there for a short or a long time.? (2012湖南)
A. why?? ???? B. how???? ? C. whether?? ??? D. when
It是形式主语，真正主语是引导的主语从句，由for a short or a long time可知，应选whether。 4. _____we understand things has a lot to do
with what we feel. (2015北京)
A. Where? B. How? C. Why? D. When
How。设空处引导主语从句，且由题意（我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很
大关系）可知，设空处在从句中作方式状
语，故填How。 考点二：宾语从句
1. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate _____ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water. (2015浙江)
A. what????B. who??C. that??????D. whoever
what。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，且由Often there are rocks ... in the water可知，设空处指物，故填what。 2. —I wonder _______ Mary has kept
her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
A. where???B. how???C. why???? D. if?
(2015福建)
how。设空处引导宾语从句，且由By
working out every day可知，设空处表方式，故填how。 3. I truly believe ______ beauty comes from
within. ?(2015北京)
A. that? B. where?? C. what?? D. why
that。设空处引导宾语从句，且从句结构及
意义均完整，故填that。4. Experts believe _____ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. ?(2013北京)
A. why ? ????? ? B. where???????
C. that??????????? D. what
引导宾语从句，因从句不缺任何成分且意义完整，故选that。 考点三：表语从句
1. “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me. (2014浙江)
A. what ?? ?B. how????????????
C. that??????? D. whether
引导表语从句，且由tell sb. sth.可知，设空处在从句中作宾语，故选what。 2. The best moment for the football star was _____ he scored the winning goal.? (2014北京)
A. where ?? ? B. when????????
C. how?????? ???? D. why
引导表语从句，由The best moment可知，
设空处在从句中作时间状语，故选when。3. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not
______ ships aw built for. (2015安徽)
A. what????B. whom???????C. why??????D. when
what。设空处引导表语从句，且在从句中
作for的宾语，故填what。 【即学即练】用适当连接词完成下面短文。
?????? Research shows 1. _____ a baby’s early experiences influence his brain development. 2. _____ happens in the first three years of a baby’s life affects his emotional development. It is well known 3. _____ talking to babies increases their language ability and 4. _____ parents can do is reading to them to raise a good reader. Some parents even think 5. _____ it’s beneficial to play Mozart to babies and show them famous works of art. However, there is no scientific evidence to support this.that?Whatthat?whatthat?What is known, however, is 6. _____ babies whose parents rarely talk to them or hold them can be damaged for the rest of their lives.
???? Many parents don’t know 7. ____ important early childhood is to kids’ success in school. Educators are aware? 8. _____ children who get a high quality preschool education benefit from it greatly in later life.that?that?how?【写作指导】
????? 地方介绍类的文章属于说明文。可以围绕一个地方的地理概况、地貌特点、资源状况、面积、气候、人口、语言、工农业、历史文化、旅游、风俗民情等方面进行描述，也可以对比今昔发展情况。写作时不一定面面俱到，要重点描写该地方的主要特点，给读者留下深刻的印象。写作如何介绍一个地方【常用表达】
位置（Location）
... is located in...
... lies in / near/between ...
... stands at the foot of/on the top of...
面积（Area）
... has/covers an area of...
人口（Population）
... has a(n) ... population of...
... is a(n) ... country/city, with a population of... 历史和文化（History and culture）
... has a history of... years.
... is a leading cultural center with...
Built in ..., the building has witnessed many comings and goings in history.
... is a historical and cultural city with...
名胜（Places of interest）
... is one of the most well-known places of interest in the world.
Among many well-known places of interest are...
... has many tourist attractions, such as...交通（Transport）
It is convenient to get here by bus / train / ...
You can get here by bus / ...
【写作任务】
????? 假如你是李华。你的美国笔友Bob来信，希望了解你家乡西安的情况。请你根据表格信息，用英语写一封回信。
注意：
1. 120词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】
Dear Bob,
????? I’m pleased to have received your letter. Now I’m writing to tell you something about my hometown Xi’an.
Located in the central part of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an is one of the oldest cities in China. It covers an area of 10,108 square kilometers and has a population of about 8.58 million. There are many places of interest around Xi’an, such as the Bell Tower, the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Huaqing Pool, etc. Meanwhile, you can experience a slow pace of life and enjoy local special snacks there. It is convenient to get there by bus, train or plane. The climate is pleasant, neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. Therefore, it’s a perfect city for vacations and living.
Welcome to my hometown!
Yours,
Li Hua巩固练习I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. There’s a clear __________ (distinct) between the dialects spoken in the two regions.
2. The government should do more to promote ______ (race) equality.
3. He paused, __________ (apparent) lost in thought.
4. The ___________ (punish) should fit the crime.
5. Laws should be based on the principles of ______ (just).
6. We are so ________ (thank) for the support we received.distinctionracialapparentlypunishmentjusticethankfulII. 用方框内合适单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. The children living on the bank of the river need to be _______ to and from school every day.
People used to cross the river by ______, but now a new concrete bridge has been built here.
2. She is ready to ______ any opportunity to expand the business.
As she jumped forward, the ball slipped from her ______.ferry, hire, reform, graspferry ferriedgrasp grasp 3. I was ______ by the first company I applied to.
There’s a camping shop in town that has tents for _____ at $10 a week.
4. There are signs that he’s _________ day by day.
This is the most far-reaching _______ of the welfare system in over 30 years.hirehired reforming reform ferry, hire, reform, graspIII. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. He will die, but his fame will live ____ after him.
2. The girl tried to explain ____ means of sign language.
3. The cottage was so old that it was very difficult to keep ____.
4. Sam did it alone because he didn’t want to team up _____ anybody.onby?upwith5. A volleyball court had been marked ____ on the grass.
6. The study of physics takes ____ many different subjects.
7. Sally applied ____ a job with the local newspaper.outinfor阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although Papua New Guinea is only 462,840 square kilometers and has a population of less than eight million, over 800 languages 1. __________ (speak) there. Why so many? How did this occur?
Papua New Guinea is a land of steep mountains, thick forests, rivers and swamps. As a result villages are cut 2. ________ from their neighbors. off are spoken??And over the centuries these people 3. ______________ (develop) their own cultures, customs and languages. Each of these languages only has 4. ________ small number of speakers. Of these languages, the one spoken by the most people is Enga, 5. ________ is spoken by some 165,000 people of a nomadic tribe (游牧部落). So how do all these people with so many languages communicate with each other? There are three 6. ________ (office) languages in Papua New Guinea: Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu and English. have developedawhichofficialTok Pisin is an English 7. ________ (base) language and there are about 120,000 people for whom it is a first language in Papua New Guinea but 8. ________ least four million people are fluent in it. Hiri Motu is a(n) 9. ___________ (combine) of English, Motu, Tok Pisin and other regional languages but is spoken by far 10. ________ (few) people.basedatcombinationfewer