Unit 4 Helping people around the world reading
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Helping people around the world reading |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2009-12-28 16:59:00 | ||
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课件41张PPT。Helping people around the world Unit FourearthquakeflooddroughtwarpovertyDiscussion:
2.Who do you think can help solve those
problems? 1.What do you feel after seeing these pictures?The United Nations.Sorrowful, sympathetic, upset,
unbelievable… —bringing everyone closer together The UNSecretary-General (2008)
Ban Ki-Moon A General Assembly meeting The UN peace-keepers The UN headquarter (New York)The UN logoListening and DecidingSoldiers representing the UN wear green berets.
The UN was set up in 1954 by 57 countries.
The UN has a charter with four main purposes.
Tang Ning gets paid for her work as a UN Goodwill Ambassador.
UNIFEM is a group that helps women.
The UN has a website.
TFFTFTFast-reading:
1.Who is Tang Ning?2.How many countries belong to the UN?3. Which countries has Tang Ning visited?A successful businesswoman and a Goodwill Ambassador.191 countries.Countries in Africa. Scanning1. What is the UN?2. How does Tang Ling feel about being a Goodwill Ambassador?3. Where do the UN soldiers come from?4. Which countries does Tang Ling visit?An international group made up of countries that want to increase peace.Honored and happyThey come from different countries that belong to the UN.She mainly visits countries where the UN has programmes to help people.5. What do the group of women in South Africa make? And why?Baskets. They sell them at the market.6. Apart from wars and conflicts, what other problems does the UN help with?Lack of education, lack of money, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.7. What are two of the UN’s development goals that they want to meet by 2015?Access to fresh drinking water for everyone and primary education for all children.Careful Reading
Read paragraph1-2-5 , then fill in the form.After the Second World War in________(originally) _____countries(recently) _____countries1. to keep international______
2. to develop friendly______________
among nations
3. to cooperate in solving international _________and in promoting respect for _____________
4. to be a _______for organizing the actions or work of different nations October 194551191peacerelationships problemshuman rightscenter1. Helps end_______
2. assists the ______of wars and disasters;
3. Protects____________
4. Improves_____________
5. helps with other problems such as lack of ________, lack of food,______, ________and disease_____goals, one of which is to ensure that _________________is available to everyone and another is that all children_______________________
conflictsvictimshuman rightsinternational lawseducationpovertydisastersfresh drinking watercomplete primary educationeightRetelling The UN was actually ______just after the second war ____________by ________. Today, nearly every nation in the world belongs to the UN--___________ altogether. The UN is based on a charter that has___________:
to keep_________________;
to develop_________________ among nations; to co-operate in __________________________and in __________________________; and
to be_______ for organizing the actions or work of different nations. set upIn October 194551countries191countries four purposesInternational peacefriendly relationships Solving international problems Promoting respect for human rightsa centreThe UN is involved in peacekeeping operations to help__________________________________. It also ______ the victims of wars and disasters. In addition, the UN helps __________________ and works to ______________________. At a UN meeting in 2000, all members agreed to _______________________________by the year 2015.
try and meet eight development goalsProtect the human rightsend some of the world’s most horrible conflictsassistsImproving international laws Nelson Mandela
Jackie Chan
Lang Lang
David Beckham Careful ReadingRead paragraph 3-4, then answer the following questions:
What position does Tang Ning take up
in the UK?2. How much money does she earn by doing
the job?3. What project or projects has she been
involved in?4. What do the group of women in South Africa
make? And why?She is a Goodwill Ambassador in the UK. She visits countries where the UN has
programmes to help people.Baskets. They sell them at the market.Her job with the UN is not paid.What qualities should a Goodwill Ambassador have? Discussion:famoussuccessfulhealthywealthyoptimistickindenthusiasticsympathetichonest……After the Second World War in October 1945(originally) 51 countries(recently) 191 countriesHelps end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts; assists the victims of wars and disasters; protects human rights; improves international laws; helps with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and diseaseto keep international peace
to develop friendly relationships among nations
to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights
to be a center for organizing the actions or work of different nations Eight goals, one of which is to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone and another is that all children complete primary education Brief introduction of the UNPart1 (1-2)Further ReadingWhat Tang did as a UN Goodwill Ambassador Part2 (3-4)Part3 (5)The problems the UN helps solve and the goals by the year 2015. Heal the World 拯救世界
There's a place in your heart 在你心中有个地方，
And I know that it is love 我知道那里充满了爱。
And this place could be 这个地方会比明天更灿烂。
Much brighter than tomorrow
And if you really try 如果你真的努力过，
You‘ll find there’s no need to cry 你会发觉不必哭泣。
In this place you'll feel 在这个地方，
There‘s no hurt or sorrow 你感觉不到伤痛或烦忧。
… …
Language pointsrefer to ① 把……称作
That’s why Marxists refer to their type of movement as
scientific socialism.
那就是马克思主义者把这种运动称作科学社会主义的原因。
② 查阅
A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of
words.
为了查找单词的意思的人们需要查字典。
③ 得到，谈到
The speaker referred to his past experience.
演讲者谈到了他过去的经历。
④ 描述，涉及
His new book referred to air pollution.
他的新书涉及到了空气污染问题。2. operate v. ① 操作；控制
What skills need are needed to operate this machine.
操作这种机器需要什么技能？
② 动手术
We will have to operate on him.
我们得给他做手术。
③ （被）使用；（使）运转
The airline operates flight to 25 countries.
这家航空公司经营飞往25个国家的航班。
单词积累：
operation n. 手术 operator n. 接线员
operational adj. 操作的，运转的3. honor vt. 敬重. 尊敬; 给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
I feel highly honoured by the kind things you say about me.
你赞扬的话使我感到十分荣幸。
He has been honoured with a knighthood for his scientific
work. 他因科研成就而被授予爵士头衔。
n. 尊敬，敬重；荣幸；引起尊敬的人或事物
All of us should show honour to our parents.
我们都应该尊敬父母。
Will you do me the honour of dining with me this evening?
今晚我请你吃饭，肯赏光吗？
She is an honour to the profession.
她是这一行的光荣。
单词积累：
honoured adj. 受尊敬的
honourable adj. 可敬的；值得钦佩的拓展：
do sb an honour 赏光； 给……带来荣誉
have the honour of sth/ doing sth 有幸做某事
in honour of sb 向某人表示敬意
be/ feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
May I have the honour of next dance?
能赏光和我跳下一只舞吗？
A party was held in honour of her.
为欢迎她而举办了一次宴会。4. set up 建立，摆放，竖起（某物）
They want to set up a state of their own.
他们想建立自己的国家。
链接：
set about 着手做 set fire to 点燃；生火
set forth 出发，动身 set an example 树立榜样
set in (疾病、不好的天气) 到来；开始
set off 出发，动身 set aside 留出，不顾
set on 攻击 set back 推迟
set out 着手，打算 set beside 把……放在……旁边
set down 放下 set free 释放
set apart 留出，拨出
Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ____ his own
work and translated into German.
A. gave off B. turn down C. work over D. set aside D5. involve vt. 牵涉，牵连；参加，加入
The serious incident involved a group of youths.
那起严重的事故牵涉到了一群年轻人。
Parents should involve themselves in their children’s
education. 父母应当参加孩子的教育。
单词积累：
involved adj. 有关联的 involvement n. 参与
拓展：
involve sb in 把某人牵涉到某事里 be involved in 涉及
You have involved me in a great deal of extra work.
你害得我添了一大堆工作。
How many cars were involved in the crash.
这次撞车事故涉及到多少辆汽车？worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的
He is a very worthy man, but a little dull.
他是一个值得尊敬的人，但是有点呆板。
I think your proposal is worthy of consideration.
我认为你的提议值得考虑。
链接：
be worthy of being done/ to be done 值得做……
be worth sth 值得…… be worth doing 值得做……
be worthwhile to do/ doing sth 值得做某事
These old churches are worthy of being visited/to be visited.
= These old churches are worth visiting.
这些古老的教堂值得参观。
The city is worth a second visit. 这座城市值得再次参观。
It is worthwhile to see the film. 这部电影很值得一看。
注意：be worth doing 用主动形式表被动含义。7. protect vt. 保护, 防护, (制定法律)保护;
投保, 为……买保险
常见搭配:
protect …against/ from … 保护……使免受……
protect sb/ sth against sth 为某人或某物买某种保险
Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.
部队已被派出以保护援助工人免遭袭击。
They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.
他们挤在一起，免受风吹。
This is a protected area.
这是受保护地区。
Many policies do not protect you against personal injury.
许多保单都列明不保障人身伤害。press n. (常写作the press)杂志，报刊，印刷媒体；
记者，新闻工作者，新闻界；报道，评论
I’d like to read the local press. 我喜欢看地方报纸。
The press was/ were not allowed to attend the trial.
庭审谢绝新闻采访。
vt. (被)压，推，挤，施加压力；按，压(使启动)
She pressed her face against the window.
她把脸贴在窗子上。
将……塞进；把……按入
搭配：press sth into sth
He pressed a coin into her hand and move on.
他把一枚硬币塞进她手里，然后继续前进。
拓展： press sth on sb 强迫某人吃/喝；勉强某人接受
press conference 记者招待会 press office 新闻办公室
press secretary 新闻秘书 press gallery 记者席9. draw vt. 吸引, 使感兴趣；引起；托, 拉；得出, 推断出
The movie is drawing a large audience.
这部影片吸引着大批观众。
The plan has drawn a lot of criticism.
这个计划引来许多批评。
I tried to draw him aside. 我试图把他拉到一边。
What conclusion did you draw from the report?
你从这个报告中得出什么结论？
拓展： draw one’s attention 引起某人的注意
draw back 后退 draw sb into sth 使卷入；使参与
draw sth from sth 从某物中活的某物
Her new hair style drew our attention.
她的新发型引起了我们的注意。
She drew her inspiration from her childhood experience.
她从儿时的经历中获得灵感。10. add v. add… to … 把……加到……里
常见搭配： add to 增加
add up to 总计
add up 加起来
Add a little sugar to the soup. 在汤里加少许糖。
The bad weather added to our difficulty.
恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。
The numbers add up to exactly 100.
这些数字加起来恰好使100.
Add up all the money I owe you.把我欠你的钱全部加起来。
单词积累：
addition n. 加；加起来 additional adj. 附加的
There have been several new events _____ to the program
For the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add C. adding D. addedD11. apart from 除了……还有；此外
It’s a good story apart from several spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误以外，这倒是个不错的故事。
链接： set apart 储备，留作（某一特殊用途等）
set apart 流出 take apart 拆开, 撕开 tell apart 分辨出
We had to take the engine apart. 我们不得不拆开发动机。
I can’t tell the twins apart. 我分辨不出这对双胞胎。
It’s necessary to set some money apart for old age.
储备一些钱留作养老是有必要的。
辨析： apart from, except for 与but for
apart from：具有肯定含义，意为“除了(……之外还有)”，
即包括所述内容，用来表示并列关系。
He had no interest, apart from his work.
除了工作以外他别无爱好。except for : 具有否定含义，意为“除了……外其他都”，即
不包括所述内容，表示部分与全部的关系
（整体的一部分）。
Except for smoking and drinking, he is a thrifty man.
除了抽烟、喝酒，他是个生活节俭的人。
but for : 是一个介词短语，意为“加入某事没有发生或不
存在就……”。
But for the storm, I would have been home before 8 o’clock.
要不是这场风暴，我八点前就回来了。12. close adj. 靠近的，接近的；亲密的，彻底的，谨慎的
The church is close to the shop.
教堂离商店很近。
He is my close friend.
他是我的密友。
They kept a close watch on the prisoners.
他们严密地看守囚犯。
adv. 接近地，紧密地
The boy sat close to his mother.
那个男孩紧挨着他的母亲坐下。
v. 关闭
He left after closing the windows.
关上窗子后他离开了。辨析：close 与closely
close: 作副词用时，意为“在附近”“靠近地”，多用来修
饰由介词引起的短语，表示具体概念。
Someone followed close behind me.
有人紧跟着我。
closely: 作副词时，意为“密切地”，多用来修饰动词或
过去分词，有抽象含义。
This problem is closely connected with that one.
这个问题与那个问题有密切的联系。
2.Who do you think can help solve those
problems? 1.What do you feel after seeing these pictures?The United Nations.Sorrowful, sympathetic, upset,
unbelievable… —bringing everyone closer together The UNSecretary-General (2008)
Ban Ki-Moon A General Assembly meeting The UN peace-keepers The UN headquarter (New York)The UN logoListening and DecidingSoldiers representing the UN wear green berets.
The UN was set up in 1954 by 57 countries.
The UN has a charter with four main purposes.
Tang Ning gets paid for her work as a UN Goodwill Ambassador.
UNIFEM is a group that helps women.
The UN has a website.
TFFTFTFast-reading:
1.Who is Tang Ning?2.How many countries belong to the UN?3. Which countries has Tang Ning visited?A successful businesswoman and a Goodwill Ambassador.191 countries.Countries in Africa. Scanning1. What is the UN?2. How does Tang Ling feel about being a Goodwill Ambassador?3. Where do the UN soldiers come from?4. Which countries does Tang Ling visit?An international group made up of countries that want to increase peace.Honored and happyThey come from different countries that belong to the UN.She mainly visits countries where the UN has programmes to help people.5. What do the group of women in South Africa make? And why?Baskets. They sell them at the market.6. Apart from wars and conflicts, what other problems does the UN help with?Lack of education, lack of money, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.7. What are two of the UN’s development goals that they want to meet by 2015?Access to fresh drinking water for everyone and primary education for all children.Careful Reading
Read paragraph1-2-5 , then fill in the form.After the Second World War in________(originally) _____countries(recently) _____countries1. to keep international______
2. to develop friendly______________
among nations
3. to cooperate in solving international _________and in promoting respect for _____________
4. to be a _______for organizing the actions or work of different nations October 194551191peacerelationships problemshuman rightscenter1. Helps end_______
2. assists the ______of wars and disasters;
3. Protects____________
4. Improves_____________
5. helps with other problems such as lack of ________, lack of food,______, ________and disease_____goals, one of which is to ensure that _________________is available to everyone and another is that all children_______________________
conflictsvictimshuman rightsinternational lawseducationpovertydisastersfresh drinking watercomplete primary educationeightRetelling The UN was actually ______just after the second war ____________by ________. Today, nearly every nation in the world belongs to the UN--___________ altogether. The UN is based on a charter that has___________:
to keep_________________;
to develop_________________ among nations; to co-operate in __________________________and in __________________________; and
to be_______ for organizing the actions or work of different nations. set upIn October 194551countries191countries four purposesInternational peacefriendly relationships Solving international problems Promoting respect for human rightsa centreThe UN is involved in peacekeeping operations to help__________________________________. It also ______ the victims of wars and disasters. In addition, the UN helps __________________ and works to ______________________. At a UN meeting in 2000, all members agreed to _______________________________by the year 2015.
try and meet eight development goalsProtect the human rightsend some of the world’s most horrible conflictsassistsImproving international laws Nelson Mandela
Jackie Chan
Lang Lang
David Beckham Careful ReadingRead paragraph 3-4, then answer the following questions:
What position does Tang Ning take up
in the UK?2. How much money does she earn by doing
the job?3. What project or projects has she been
involved in?4. What do the group of women in South Africa
make? And why?She is a Goodwill Ambassador in the UK. She visits countries where the UN has
programmes to help people.Baskets. They sell them at the market.Her job with the UN is not paid.What qualities should a Goodwill Ambassador have? Discussion:famoussuccessfulhealthywealthyoptimistickindenthusiasticsympathetichonest……After the Second World War in October 1945(originally) 51 countries(recently) 191 countriesHelps end some of the world’s most horrible conflicts; assists the victims of wars and disasters; protects human rights; improves international laws; helps with other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and diseaseto keep international peace
to develop friendly relationships among nations
to cooperate in solving international problems and in promoting respect for human rights
to be a center for organizing the actions or work of different nations Eight goals, one of which is to ensure that fresh drinking water is available to everyone and another is that all children complete primary education Brief introduction of the UNPart1 (1-2)Further ReadingWhat Tang did as a UN Goodwill Ambassador Part2 (3-4)Part3 (5)The problems the UN helps solve and the goals by the year 2015. Heal the World 拯救世界
There's a place in your heart 在你心中有个地方，
And I know that it is love 我知道那里充满了爱。
And this place could be 这个地方会比明天更灿烂。
Much brighter than tomorrow
And if you really try 如果你真的努力过，
You‘ll find there’s no need to cry 你会发觉不必哭泣。
In this place you'll feel 在这个地方，
There‘s no hurt or sorrow 你感觉不到伤痛或烦忧。
… …
Language pointsrefer to ① 把……称作
That’s why Marxists refer to their type of movement as
scientific socialism.
那就是马克思主义者把这种运动称作科学社会主义的原因。
② 查阅
A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of
words.
为了查找单词的意思的人们需要查字典。
③ 得到，谈到
The speaker referred to his past experience.
演讲者谈到了他过去的经历。
④ 描述，涉及
His new book referred to air pollution.
他的新书涉及到了空气污染问题。2. operate v. ① 操作；控制
What skills need are needed to operate this machine.
操作这种机器需要什么技能？
② 动手术
We will have to operate on him.
我们得给他做手术。
③ （被）使用；（使）运转
The airline operates flight to 25 countries.
这家航空公司经营飞往25个国家的航班。
单词积累：
operation n. 手术 operator n. 接线员
operational adj. 操作的，运转的3. honor vt. 敬重. 尊敬; 给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
I feel highly honoured by the kind things you say about me.
你赞扬的话使我感到十分荣幸。
He has been honoured with a knighthood for his scientific
work. 他因科研成就而被授予爵士头衔。
n. 尊敬，敬重；荣幸；引起尊敬的人或事物
All of us should show honour to our parents.
我们都应该尊敬父母。
Will you do me the honour of dining with me this evening?
今晚我请你吃饭，肯赏光吗？
She is an honour to the profession.
她是这一行的光荣。
单词积累：
honoured adj. 受尊敬的
honourable adj. 可敬的；值得钦佩的拓展：
do sb an honour 赏光； 给……带来荣誉
have the honour of sth/ doing sth 有幸做某事
in honour of sb 向某人表示敬意
be/ feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
May I have the honour of next dance?
能赏光和我跳下一只舞吗？
A party was held in honour of her.
为欢迎她而举办了一次宴会。4. set up 建立，摆放，竖起（某物）
They want to set up a state of their own.
他们想建立自己的国家。
链接：
set about 着手做 set fire to 点燃；生火
set forth 出发，动身 set an example 树立榜样
set in (疾病、不好的天气) 到来；开始
set off 出发，动身 set aside 留出，不顾
set on 攻击 set back 推迟
set out 着手，打算 set beside 把……放在……旁边
set down 放下 set free 释放
set apart 留出，拨出
Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ____ his own
work and translated into German.
A. gave off B. turn down C. work over D. set aside D5. involve vt. 牵涉，牵连；参加，加入
The serious incident involved a group of youths.
那起严重的事故牵涉到了一群年轻人。
Parents should involve themselves in their children’s
education. 父母应当参加孩子的教育。
单词积累：
involved adj. 有关联的 involvement n. 参与
拓展：
involve sb in 把某人牵涉到某事里 be involved in 涉及
You have involved me in a great deal of extra work.
你害得我添了一大堆工作。
How many cars were involved in the crash.
这次撞车事故涉及到多少辆汽车？worthy adj. 令人敬重的；值得的
He is a very worthy man, but a little dull.
他是一个值得尊敬的人，但是有点呆板。
I think your proposal is worthy of consideration.
我认为你的提议值得考虑。
链接：
be worthy of being done/ to be done 值得做……
be worth sth 值得…… be worth doing 值得做……
be worthwhile to do/ doing sth 值得做某事
These old churches are worthy of being visited/to be visited.
= These old churches are worth visiting.
这些古老的教堂值得参观。
The city is worth a second visit. 这座城市值得再次参观。
It is worthwhile to see the film. 这部电影很值得一看。
注意：be worth doing 用主动形式表被动含义。7. protect vt. 保护, 防护, (制定法律)保护;
投保, 为……买保险
常见搭配:
protect …against/ from … 保护……使免受……
protect sb/ sth against sth 为某人或某物买某种保险
Troops have been sent to protect aid workers against attack.
部队已被派出以保护援助工人免遭袭击。
They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.
他们挤在一起，免受风吹。
This is a protected area.
这是受保护地区。
Many policies do not protect you against personal injury.
许多保单都列明不保障人身伤害。press n. (常写作the press)杂志，报刊，印刷媒体；
记者，新闻工作者，新闻界；报道，评论
I’d like to read the local press. 我喜欢看地方报纸。
The press was/ were not allowed to attend the trial.
庭审谢绝新闻采访。
vt. (被)压，推，挤，施加压力；按，压(使启动)
She pressed her face against the window.
她把脸贴在窗子上。
将……塞进；把……按入
搭配：press sth into sth
He pressed a coin into her hand and move on.
他把一枚硬币塞进她手里，然后继续前进。
拓展： press sth on sb 强迫某人吃/喝；勉强某人接受
press conference 记者招待会 press office 新闻办公室
press secretary 新闻秘书 press gallery 记者席9. draw vt. 吸引, 使感兴趣；引起；托, 拉；得出, 推断出
The movie is drawing a large audience.
这部影片吸引着大批观众。
The plan has drawn a lot of criticism.
这个计划引来许多批评。
I tried to draw him aside. 我试图把他拉到一边。
What conclusion did you draw from the report?
你从这个报告中得出什么结论？
拓展： draw one’s attention 引起某人的注意
draw back 后退 draw sb into sth 使卷入；使参与
draw sth from sth 从某物中活的某物
Her new hair style drew our attention.
她的新发型引起了我们的注意。
She drew her inspiration from her childhood experience.
她从儿时的经历中获得灵感。10. add v. add… to … 把……加到……里
常见搭配： add to 增加
add up to 总计
add up 加起来
Add a little sugar to the soup. 在汤里加少许糖。
The bad weather added to our difficulty.
恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。
The numbers add up to exactly 100.
这些数字加起来恰好使100.
Add up all the money I owe you.把我欠你的钱全部加起来。
单词积累：
addition n. 加；加起来 additional adj. 附加的
There have been several new events _____ to the program
For the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add C. adding D. addedD11. apart from 除了……还有；此外
It’s a good story apart from several spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误以外，这倒是个不错的故事。
链接： set apart 储备，留作（某一特殊用途等）
set apart 流出 take apart 拆开, 撕开 tell apart 分辨出
We had to take the engine apart. 我们不得不拆开发动机。
I can’t tell the twins apart. 我分辨不出这对双胞胎。
It’s necessary to set some money apart for old age.
储备一些钱留作养老是有必要的。
辨析： apart from, except for 与but for
apart from：具有肯定含义，意为“除了(……之外还有)”，
即包括所述内容，用来表示并列关系。
He had no interest, apart from his work.
除了工作以外他别无爱好。except for : 具有否定含义，意为“除了……外其他都”，即
不包括所述内容，表示部分与全部的关系
（整体的一部分）。
Except for smoking and drinking, he is a thrifty man.
除了抽烟、喝酒，他是个生活节俭的人。
but for : 是一个介词短语，意为“加入某事没有发生或不
存在就……”。
But for the storm, I would have been home before 8 o’clock.
要不是这场风暴，我八点前就回来了。12. close adj. 靠近的，接近的；亲密的，彻底的，谨慎的
The church is close to the shop.
教堂离商店很近。
He is my close friend.
他是我的密友。
They kept a close watch on the prisoners.
他们严密地看守囚犯。
adv. 接近地，紧密地
The boy sat close to his mother.
那个男孩紧挨着他的母亲坐下。
v. 关闭
He left after closing the windows.
关上窗子后他离开了。辨析：close 与closely
close: 作副词用时，意为“在附近”“靠近地”，多用来修
饰由介词引起的短语，表示具体概念。
Someone followed close behind me.
有人紧跟着我。
closely: 作副词时，意为“密切地”，多用来修饰动词或
过去分词，有抽象含义。
This problem is closely connected with that one.
这个问题与那个问题有密切的联系。