2017黑龙江中考试题研究英语（人教版）名师ppt完形填空解题技巧

课件30张PPT。Skills of Cloze Tests 完形填空解题技巧一、中考英语完形填空的命题特点中考英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。
完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。实词中偏重于对动词和名词的考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词以及其它词类的考查。试题以情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零。 广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。命题揭密完型填空的特点：
(1)首句不设空：因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，
(2)选项特点：同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。
(3)设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。
①句子层面：在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。
②句组层面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。
③语篇层面：必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章，才可选出正确答案。
轻语法，重逻辑How to get high scores？ 1. 正确的答题步骤

2. 必要的答题技巧

3. 适量的实践训练
1. 注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。
a. 应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.
b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.
2. 注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答案。
a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.
b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.
3. 通读全文,检查核对.确保最佳。解题步骤与策略hospital nightno / littleWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致1.Mr Black is a doctor, he works in the _______ .
2.A nurse not only works in the day, but also works during the_______.
3.He is rather busy, so he has _______ time to have lunch at home.4.We have an English test this term, it's very easy, most students can _______this test.
5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were very tired ________happy.
pass butWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致有没有什么技巧呢?Skill 1：context（上下文、语境） In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his ?1 . His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual. 1. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sax√violinviolinSkill 1：context（上下文、语境） Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?” …. as big as the pool, there is one basket of water…2. A. fish B. flowers C. water D. applesbasket of waterwater√baskets of When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little __3__ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. 3. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later√fiftySkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）forty-fiveSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理） My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My 4 ，Mommy．”
She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聋的）…4. A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head√sounddeaf When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking…5. A. for B. of C. with D. to√pays attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）pay attention to …注意…Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great 6 to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences. 6. A. additions B. sacrifices
C. changes D. contributions√made great tomake contributions to对…做出贡献Skill 4：words analysis（词义辨析）7. But by using literary texts (文学文本 ) alongside other texts, teachers can 7 students improve their reading skills. √7.A. want B. help C. get D. askSkill 5：background knowledge（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面的） But we run so fast that, afterwards, we had trouble 8 .
8. A. speaking B. moving
C. sleeping D. breathing√run so fastLiumei is among the __9__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship --- HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.
9. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent 同义重现Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __10__ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.
Having similar friends has many advantages. …
10. A. true B. right C. same D. similar原词重现反义同现逻辑关系：转折1、context（上下文、语境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）Skills of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题技巧)4、 words analysis（词义辨析）5、background knowledge（背景知识）1. Martin Luther King was an important 1 of black people in American. He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr King
led a march in Washington D.C. A lot of Americans went there to take part in the 2 . They wanted the government to 3 the laws that were unfair to black people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace and not force. When he was killed in 1968, the United States 4 a great leader.
1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D. teacher
2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. march
3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change
4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died leadermarchthat were unfair towas killed2. Every American knows the Mayflower. The Mayflower
was the name of the famous _1__ that__2__ from England
to the new world in 1620. There were 102 pilgrims（十六
世纪英国移民） on board. It was a dangerous trip for one
small ship to make, and it __3__ more than 66 days .
The pilgrims were very _4__ when they finally saw land.
In this New World , there were no homes or towns. They
had to build their own __5___. This became Known as
Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1) A. flower B. ship C. film D. place
2) A. flew B. sailed C. planted D. grew
3) A. made B. took C. spent D. cost
4) A. painful B. fearful C. powerful D. thankful
5) A. ship B. house C. fields D. cityPlymouth, Massachusettsshipwhen they finally saw landHave a try! Tess was eight years old when her parents talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very costly 1 could save him now and no one wanted to 2 them the money. She heard Daddy say to her Mother 3 , “Only a miracle (奇迹) can save him now.”
Tess got all the change she had and 4 her way to the drug store.A. surgeon B. companion C. protection D. operation
2. A. borrow B. lend C. make D. leave
3. A. happily B. proudly C. angrily D. sadly
4. A. made B. took C. sailed D. passed√√√√make one’s way to…朝…走去 5. A. doubtful B. bad C. puzzling D. unlucky6. A. buy B. purchase C. sell D. share7. A. looked B. ran C. came D. rolled “What do you want?” the clerk asked.
“A miracle. ” Tess answered. “My little brother has something 5 growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.”
“We don’t 6 miracles here, little girl.” The clerk said.
The clerk’s brother was a well-dressed man. He 7 over and asked the little girl, “What kind of miracle does your brother need?”
√√√come over走近，走过来 look over仔细检查
run over撞倒 ，跑过去 roll over翻滚；翻身 8. A. replied B. allowed C. accepted D. expected9. A. tired B. deaf C. nervous D. sick10. A. wait B. beg C. pay D. apply11. A. high B. low C. loud D. excited “I don’t know,” Tess 8 with tears in her eyes. “I just know he’s really 9 , but my dad can’t 10 for a miracle, so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”. Tess answered in a 11 voice.
√√√√12. A. exact B. same C. proper D. reasonable13. A. spending B. waste C. charge D. tip14. A. achievement B. success C. medicine D. miracle15. A. devotion B. faith C. trust D. patience “A dollar and eleven cents –- the 12 price of a miracle for a little brother.” smiled the man. That well-dressed man was Dr. Carlton Armstrong, a surgeon. The operation was completed without 13 and it wasn’t long before Andrew was home again and doing well. That surgery is a real 14 . It costs one dollar and eleven cents, plus the 15 of a little child.√√√√Summary （总结 ） 2 _______the answers according to the passage is a good way to do a cloze.Guessing1 You should _________ the passage, then you may find the answer is just in the passage.read through3:Chose the best answers.Steps of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题步骤)1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破Tips to Close Test: 1．注重首、尾句。
2．克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。
3．切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答
案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4．先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
5．如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从
语篇(前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。 Close tests are interesting and challenging, though difficult.Bye!