高考英语二轮语法专题复习-交际英语
图片预览
文档简介
课件41张PPT。 高考二轮复习 语法系统讲解 交际用语 主讲人 吴世民英语中常用的41条交际用语归纳和总结：
英语中的交际用语我们常见的一共有41条，
本节课我们就分别来讲解和体会一下，
我们记住一条，交际用语最关键的是我们
要真正的把握语言环境，换位思考，
不能受母语的干扰太多，因为我们使用的是
英语，要符合人家的语言习惯，不能按照我
们自己的想象和习惯。a. Good morning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi. How are you?
Fine,thank you,and you?
Very well,thank you.
b.Best wishes/regards to....
Please give my regards/best wishes
/love to....
Say hello to....
Please remember me to....1.问候 Greetings 2.介绍 Introductions a. This is Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/Comrade....
May I introduce you to...?
I’d like you to meet....
b. How do you do?
Nice/Glad/Pleased to see/meet you.
Nice meeting you,Mr/Mrs/Miss....
c. My name is....
I’m a(student/teacher,etc.).
d. I’m Chinese. 3.告别
Farewells a. I’m afraid I must be leaving now.
I think it’s time for us to leave now.
b. Good-bye!(Bye-bye! Bye!)
See you later/tomorrow.(See you.)
Good night.
4.感谢和应答
Thanks and responses a. Thank you (very much).
Thanks a lot. Many thanks.
Thanks for....
b. It’s very kind of you to....
Not at all. You’re welcome.
It’s/That’s all right.
5.祝愿、祝贺和应答
Good wishes,congratulations ＆ responses a. Good luck! Best wishes to you!
I wish you good luck/success!
Good journey(to you)! Have a good trip.
Have a nice/good time. Congratulations.
I’d like to congratulate you on....
b. Thank you. The same to you.
c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas!
Happy birthday to you.
6.道歉、遗憾和应答
Apologies, regrets, sympathies ＆ responses a. Sorry/Pardon. I’m sorry.
I’m sorry for/about....
I’m sorry to hear....
I’m sorry to...have＋V－ed/that....
b. Excuse me(for...). I’m afraid of....
What a pity/shame! It’s a pity that....
c. That’s all right. It doesn’t matter.
That’s nothing. 7.邀请和应答
Invitations and responses a. Will you come to...?
Would you like to....?
I’d like to invite you to....
b. Yes,I’d love to(...).
Yes,it’s very kind/nice of you.
c. I’d love to,but.... 8.提供(帮助等)和应答Offers and responses a. Can/Could/Shall I help you?
Would you like me to...?
Is there anything(else) I can do for you?
Do you want me to...? What can I do for you?
Let me do/carry/help...(for you).
Would you like some...?
b. Thanks. That would be nice/fine.
That’s very kind of you.
Thank you for your help.
Yes,please. Here,take this/my.... c.No,thanks/thank you.
No,thanks/thank you. I can manage it myself.
Thank you all the same. That’s very kind of you,but.. 9.约会 Making appointments a.Are you/Will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow?
How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening?
Shall we meet at 4:30 at...?
b.Yes,that’s all right.
Yes,I’ll be free then.
c.No,I won’t be free then. But I’ll be free....
d.All right. See you then. 10.意愿和希望Intentions and wishes a. I’m going to....
I intend/mean/plan to....
I will.... I’d like to... .
I feel like V-ing(going out for a walk).
I (do not) want/hope to....
I’m ready to....
I would rather not tell you.
b. I want/hope/wish to....
I wish that.... I would like to.... 11.请求、允许和应答
Asking for permission and responses a. May I...? Can/Could I...?
I wonder if I could....
Would/Do you mind if I open the window?
b. Yes/Sure/Certainly. Yes,(do) please.
Of course(you may). Go ahead,please.
That’s OK/all right. Not at all.
c. I’m sorry you can’t.
I’m sorry,but.... You’d better not. 12.同意和不同意
Agreement and disagreement a. Certainly/Sure/Of course.
No problem. Yes,please.
Yes,I think so. That’s true.
All right/OK. That’s a good idea....
It’s a good idea to/that....
I/We agree(with you).
I agree to.../that clause
b. No,I don’t think so. I’m afraid not.
I’m afraid I(really) can’t agree with you. 13.喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes a. I like/love...(very much).
I like/love to....
b. I don’t like(to).... I hate(to).... 14.决断和坚持
Determination, decision and insistence a. I will....
I have decided to/that...
I have decided wh-clause/wh-words to....
b. I insist on/that.... 15.判断和意见a. It certainly is.
It’s correct to do....
Well done/Good work!
b. In my opinion....
It seems....
So far as I know.... 16.职责 Obligation You must/have to/should/ought to....
It is necessary to/that.... 17.能力 Ability I can.... He is able to.... 18.偏爱 Preference I prefer...to... He’d prefer them not to....
He’d rather begin at once. 19.责备和抱怨 Blame and complaint a. He is to blame. She blamed him for....
He shouldn’t have done it.
b. I’m sorry to have said that,but....
Why can’t you do something about it? 20.肯定和不肯定a. I’m sure(of that). I’m sure(that)....
b. I’m not sure(of that). I doubt if....
I’m not sure whether/if....
c. Perhaps/Maybe. 21.可能和不可能a. He can/may....
It is possible that....
b. He may not.... It is likely that....
He is not likely to.... 22.禁止和警告
Prohibition and warnings a. You can’t/mustn’t....
If you...,you’ll....
You’d better not do it.
Don’t smoke! Don’t be late!
b. Look out! Take care!
Be careful!
23.预见、猜测和相信
Prediction,conjecture and belief a. He will....
b. I guess that....
He must have done....
It seems(that)....
It looks as if....
c. I believe that he is right. 24.请求 Requests a. Can/Will/Could/Would you...for me?
Will/Can/Could/Would you please...?
May I have...?
b. Please give/Pass me....
Please wait(here/a moment).
Please wait(for) your turn.
Please stand in line/line up.
Please hurry. Make sure that...please.
c. Don’t rush(hurry)/crowd. No noise,please.
No smoking,please. 25.劝告和建议
Advice and suggestions a. You’d better(not)....
You should/ought to....
You need(to)....
b. Shall we....?
Let’s....
What/How about...?
Why not...?
Why don’t you...? 26.许诺 Promises I promise....
You shall have...tomorrow.
I will give...to you. 27.提醒 Reminding Don’t forget to....
Don’t you remember the days when...?
Make sure that everything is OK now. 28.表示焦虑
Expressing anxiety What’s wrong?
What’s the matter(with you)?
Is there anything the matter?
I’m/He’s/She’s worried.
Oh,what shall I/we do?
We were all anxious about.... 29.表示惊奇 Expressing surprise Really?
Oh dear!
Is that so?
Good heavens! 30.表示喜悦 Expressing pleasure I’m glad/pleased/happy to....
That’s nice/wonderful/great.
Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine. 31.谈论天气
Talking about the weather a. What’s the weather like today?
How’s the weather in...?
b. It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy....
It’s getting cold/warm....
It’s rather warm/cold/hot...today, isn’t it?
It’s a beautiful day today. 32.购物 Shopping a. What can I do for you?
May/Can I help you?
b. I want/I’d like....
How much is it?
That’s too expensive,I’m afraid.
That’s fine. I’ll take it.
Let me have....
c. How many/much do you want?
What colour/size/kind do you want?
d. Do you have any other kind/size/colour,etc.? 33.问路和应答
Asking the way and responses a. Excuse me. Where’s the men’s/ladies’ room?
Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to...?
b. Go down this street.
Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.
It’s about...metres from here.
Go straight ahead till you see.... 34.问时间、日期和应答
Asking the time,date and responses a. What day is(it) today?
What’s the date today?
Excuse me. What time is it by your watch?
What’s the time,please?
b. It’s Monday/Tuesday....
It’s January 10th.
It’s five o’clock/five thirty(half past five)/
a quarter past (to) six.
It’s time for/to.... 35.就餐 Taking meals a. What would you like(to have)...?
Would you like something(to eat/drink)?
b. I’d like....
Cake/Two eggs...,please.
c. Would you like some more...?
Help yourself to some....
d. Thank you. I’ve had enough.
I’m full,thank you.
Just a little,please. 36.打电话 Making phone calls a. Hello! Is (Tom) in?
May/Could I speak to...?
Is that...(speaking)?
b. Hold on,please.
Hello,who is it?
He/She isn’t here right now.
Can I take a message for you?
c. Hello,this is...speaking.
I called to tell/ask you.... 37.传递信息 Passing on a message a. Will you please give this note/message to...?
b. ...asked me to give you this note.
c. Thanks for the message. 38.求救 Calling for help a. Help!
Thief!
b. What’s the matter?
39.看病 Seeing the doctor a. There’s something wrong with....
I’ve got a headache and a cough.
I feel terrible(bad).
I don’t feel well.
I’ve got a pain here.
This place hurts.
b. Take this medicine three times a day.
Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.
It’s nothing serious.
You’ll be all right/well soon. 40.语言困难
Language difficulties Pardon?
Please say that again/more slowly.
Would you please say that again/more slowly?
What do you mean by...?
I’m sorry I can’t follow you.
I’m sorry I know only a little English. 41.常见的标志和说明
Some common signs and instructions a. BUSINESS HOURS OFFICE HOURS MENU OPEN
CLOSED NO PARKING NO PHOTOS NO SMOKING
b. PULL PUSH EXIT ENTRANCE
c. INSTRUCTIONS
MADE IN CHINA/JAPAN/U.S.A.(USA)/U.K./HK(Hong Kong)
THIS SIDE UP ON OFF DANGER
d. PLAY STOP PAUSE
e. Insert here. Split here. 1. 注意中西文化及思维方式的差异
2. 注重礼貌和合作优先原则
3. 利用有效的语境因素
4. 注意语言的衔接
5. 注意言语含义
考点分析及解题策略１．中西文化及思维方式的差异
(1) — Can I speak to Mr Wang, please?
— . (2005全国卷 I )
A. Who are you B. I’m Wang C. Speaking D. Are you John?
(2) — It’s getting late. I’m afraid I must be going now.
— OK. . (2004全国卷)
A. Take it easy. B. Go slowly
C. Stay longer D. See you (1) —I’m sorry I broke your mirror — Oh, really? .(NMET,1986)
A. It’s OK with me B. It doesn’t matter C. Don’t be sorry. D. I don’t care
(2)—I’d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday. Mr Smith. — . A. Oh, no. Let’s not B. I’m very sorry, but I have other plans. C. I’d rather stay at home. D. Oh, no. That’ll be too much trouble
2、注重礼貌和合作优先原则( 1 ) — I’d like to take a week’s holiday. — , we’re too busy. （全国卷 III ） A. Don’t worry. B. Don’t mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me
( 2 ) — Can I look at the menu for a few minutes before I
decide?
— Of course . . (2004，四川卷) A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself
C. It doesn’t matter D. Take your time
３、利用有效的语境因素4、注意语言的衔接(１) —I think George doesn’t really care for TV plays. —Right, he still watches the program. (2004，重庆卷) A. and B. but C. or D. so
(２) No, I’m afraid he isn’t in. This is his secretary
speaking. Can I help you ?
— . (2004广东卷)
A. Oh, you will. B. Oh, that’s a pity .
C. I should think so .
D. Well. I look forward to hearing from you.
2) –I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.
-- ______. It was her fault.
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all 1） — Do you think our basketballers played very well
yesterday?
— _________.
A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young
C. They played naturally D. They couldn’t have done better５．言语含义
英语中的交际用语我们常见的一共有41条，
本节课我们就分别来讲解和体会一下，
我们记住一条，交际用语最关键的是我们
要真正的把握语言环境，换位思考，
不能受母语的干扰太多，因为我们使用的是
英语，要符合人家的语言习惯，不能按照我
们自己的想象和习惯。a. Good morning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi. How are you?
Fine,thank you,and you?
Very well,thank you.
b.Best wishes/regards to....
Please give my regards/best wishes
/love to....
Say hello to....
Please remember me to....1.问候 Greetings 2.介绍 Introductions a. This is Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/Comrade....
May I introduce you to...?
I’d like you to meet....
b. How do you do?
Nice/Glad/Pleased to see/meet you.
Nice meeting you,Mr/Mrs/Miss....
c. My name is....
I’m a(student/teacher,etc.).
d. I’m Chinese. 3.告别
Farewells a. I’m afraid I must be leaving now.
I think it’s time for us to leave now.
b. Good-bye!(Bye-bye! Bye!)
See you later/tomorrow.(See you.)
Good night.
4.感谢和应答
Thanks and responses a. Thank you (very much).
Thanks a lot. Many thanks.
Thanks for....
b. It’s very kind of you to....
Not at all. You’re welcome.
It’s/That’s all right.
5.祝愿、祝贺和应答
Good wishes,congratulations ＆ responses a. Good luck! Best wishes to you!
I wish you good luck/success!
Good journey(to you)! Have a good trip.
Have a nice/good time. Congratulations.
I’d like to congratulate you on....
b. Thank you. The same to you.
c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas!
Happy birthday to you.
6.道歉、遗憾和应答
Apologies, regrets, sympathies ＆ responses a. Sorry/Pardon. I’m sorry.
I’m sorry for/about....
I’m sorry to hear....
I’m sorry to...have＋V－ed/that....
b. Excuse me(for...). I’m afraid of....
What a pity/shame! It’s a pity that....
c. That’s all right. It doesn’t matter.
That’s nothing. 7.邀请和应答
Invitations and responses a. Will you come to...?
Would you like to....?
I’d like to invite you to....
b. Yes,I’d love to(...).
Yes,it’s very kind/nice of you.
c. I’d love to,but.... 8.提供(帮助等)和应答Offers and responses a. Can/Could/Shall I help you?
Would you like me to...?
Is there anything(else) I can do for you?
Do you want me to...? What can I do for you?
Let me do/carry/help...(for you).
Would you like some...?
b. Thanks. That would be nice/fine.
That’s very kind of you.
Thank you for your help.
Yes,please. Here,take this/my.... c.No,thanks/thank you.
No,thanks/thank you. I can manage it myself.
Thank you all the same. That’s very kind of you,but.. 9.约会 Making appointments a.Are you/Will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow?
How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening?
Shall we meet at 4:30 at...?
b.Yes,that’s all right.
Yes,I’ll be free then.
c.No,I won’t be free then. But I’ll be free....
d.All right. See you then. 10.意愿和希望Intentions and wishes a. I’m going to....
I intend/mean/plan to....
I will.... I’d like to... .
I feel like V-ing(going out for a walk).
I (do not) want/hope to....
I’m ready to....
I would rather not tell you.
b. I want/hope/wish to....
I wish that.... I would like to.... 11.请求、允许和应答
Asking for permission and responses a. May I...? Can/Could I...?
I wonder if I could....
Would/Do you mind if I open the window?
b. Yes/Sure/Certainly. Yes,(do) please.
Of course(you may). Go ahead,please.
That’s OK/all right. Not at all.
c. I’m sorry you can’t.
I’m sorry,but.... You’d better not. 12.同意和不同意
Agreement and disagreement a. Certainly/Sure/Of course.
No problem. Yes,please.
Yes,I think so. That’s true.
All right/OK. That’s a good idea....
It’s a good idea to/that....
I/We agree(with you).
I agree to.../that clause
b. No,I don’t think so. I’m afraid not.
I’m afraid I(really) can’t agree with you. 13.喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes a. I like/love...(very much).
I like/love to....
b. I don’t like(to).... I hate(to).... 14.决断和坚持
Determination, decision and insistence a. I will....
I have decided to/that...
I have decided wh-clause/wh-words to....
b. I insist on/that.... 15.判断和意见a. It certainly is.
It’s correct to do....
Well done/Good work!
b. In my opinion....
It seems....
So far as I know.... 16.职责 Obligation You must/have to/should/ought to....
It is necessary to/that.... 17.能力 Ability I can.... He is able to.... 18.偏爱 Preference I prefer...to... He’d prefer them not to....
He’d rather begin at once. 19.责备和抱怨 Blame and complaint a. He is to blame. She blamed him for....
He shouldn’t have done it.
b. I’m sorry to have said that,but....
Why can’t you do something about it? 20.肯定和不肯定a. I’m sure(of that). I’m sure(that)....
b. I’m not sure(of that). I doubt if....
I’m not sure whether/if....
c. Perhaps/Maybe. 21.可能和不可能a. He can/may....
It is possible that....
b. He may not.... It is likely that....
He is not likely to.... 22.禁止和警告
Prohibition and warnings a. You can’t/mustn’t....
If you...,you’ll....
You’d better not do it.
Don’t smoke! Don’t be late!
b. Look out! Take care!
Be careful!
23.预见、猜测和相信
Prediction,conjecture and belief a. He will....
b. I guess that....
He must have done....
It seems(that)....
It looks as if....
c. I believe that he is right. 24.请求 Requests a. Can/Will/Could/Would you...for me?
Will/Can/Could/Would you please...?
May I have...?
b. Please give/Pass me....
Please wait(here/a moment).
Please wait(for) your turn.
Please stand in line/line up.
Please hurry. Make sure that...please.
c. Don’t rush(hurry)/crowd. No noise,please.
No smoking,please. 25.劝告和建议
Advice and suggestions a. You’d better(not)....
You should/ought to....
You need(to)....
b. Shall we....?
Let’s....
What/How about...?
Why not...?
Why don’t you...? 26.许诺 Promises I promise....
You shall have...tomorrow.
I will give...to you. 27.提醒 Reminding Don’t forget to....
Don’t you remember the days when...?
Make sure that everything is OK now. 28.表示焦虑
Expressing anxiety What’s wrong?
What’s the matter(with you)?
Is there anything the matter?
I’m/He’s/She’s worried.
Oh,what shall I/we do?
We were all anxious about.... 29.表示惊奇 Expressing surprise Really?
Oh dear!
Is that so?
Good heavens! 30.表示喜悦 Expressing pleasure I’m glad/pleased/happy to....
That’s nice/wonderful/great.
Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine. 31.谈论天气
Talking about the weather a. What’s the weather like today?
How’s the weather in...?
b. It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy....
It’s getting cold/warm....
It’s rather warm/cold/hot...today, isn’t it?
It’s a beautiful day today. 32.购物 Shopping a. What can I do for you?
May/Can I help you?
b. I want/I’d like....
How much is it?
That’s too expensive,I’m afraid.
That’s fine. I’ll take it.
Let me have....
c. How many/much do you want?
What colour/size/kind do you want?
d. Do you have any other kind/size/colour,etc.? 33.问路和应答
Asking the way and responses a. Excuse me. Where’s the men’s/ladies’ room?
Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to...?
b. Go down this street.
Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.
It’s about...metres from here.
Go straight ahead till you see.... 34.问时间、日期和应答
Asking the time,date and responses a. What day is(it) today?
What’s the date today?
Excuse me. What time is it by your watch?
What’s the time,please?
b. It’s Monday/Tuesday....
It’s January 10th.
It’s five o’clock/five thirty(half past five)/
a quarter past (to) six.
It’s time for/to.... 35.就餐 Taking meals a. What would you like(to have)...?
Would you like something(to eat/drink)?
b. I’d like....
Cake/Two eggs...,please.
c. Would you like some more...?
Help yourself to some....
d. Thank you. I’ve had enough.
I’m full,thank you.
Just a little,please. 36.打电话 Making phone calls a. Hello! Is (Tom) in?
May/Could I speak to...?
Is that...(speaking)?
b. Hold on,please.
Hello,who is it?
He/She isn’t here right now.
Can I take a message for you?
c. Hello,this is...speaking.
I called to tell/ask you.... 37.传递信息 Passing on a message a. Will you please give this note/message to...?
b. ...asked me to give you this note.
c. Thanks for the message. 38.求救 Calling for help a. Help!
Thief!
b. What’s the matter?
39.看病 Seeing the doctor a. There’s something wrong with....
I’ve got a headache and a cough.
I feel terrible(bad).
I don’t feel well.
I’ve got a pain here.
This place hurts.
b. Take this medicine three times a day.
Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.
It’s nothing serious.
You’ll be all right/well soon. 40.语言困难
Language difficulties Pardon?
Please say that again/more slowly.
Would you please say that again/more slowly?
What do you mean by...?
I’m sorry I can’t follow you.
I’m sorry I know only a little English. 41.常见的标志和说明
Some common signs and instructions a. BUSINESS HOURS OFFICE HOURS MENU OPEN
CLOSED NO PARKING NO PHOTOS NO SMOKING
b. PULL PUSH EXIT ENTRANCE
c. INSTRUCTIONS
MADE IN CHINA/JAPAN/U.S.A.(USA)/U.K./HK(Hong Kong)
THIS SIDE UP ON OFF DANGER
d. PLAY STOP PAUSE
e. Insert here. Split here. 1. 注意中西文化及思维方式的差异
2. 注重礼貌和合作优先原则
3. 利用有效的语境因素
4. 注意语言的衔接
5. 注意言语含义
考点分析及解题策略１．中西文化及思维方式的差异
(1) — Can I speak to Mr Wang, please?
— . (2005全国卷 I )
A. Who are you B. I’m Wang C. Speaking D. Are you John?
(2) — It’s getting late. I’m afraid I must be going now.
— OK. . (2004全国卷)
A. Take it easy. B. Go slowly
C. Stay longer D. See you (1) —I’m sorry I broke your mirror — Oh, really? .(NMET,1986)
A. It’s OK with me B. It doesn’t matter C. Don’t be sorry. D. I don’t care
(2)—I’d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday. Mr Smith. — . A. Oh, no. Let’s not B. I’m very sorry, but I have other plans. C. I’d rather stay at home. D. Oh, no. That’ll be too much trouble
2、注重礼貌和合作优先原则( 1 ) — I’d like to take a week’s holiday. — , we’re too busy. （全国卷 III ） A. Don’t worry. B. Don’t mention it C. Forget it D. Pardon me
( 2 ) — Can I look at the menu for a few minutes before I
decide?
— Of course . . (2004，四川卷) A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself
C. It doesn’t matter D. Take your time
３、利用有效的语境因素4、注意语言的衔接(１) —I think George doesn’t really care for TV plays. —Right, he still watches the program. (2004，重庆卷) A. and B. but C. or D. so
(２) No, I’m afraid he isn’t in. This is his secretary
speaking. Can I help you ?
— . (2004广东卷)
A. Oh, you will. B. Oh, that’s a pity .
C. I should think so .
D. Well. I look forward to hearing from you.
2) –I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.
-- ______. It was her fault.
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all 1） — Do you think our basketballers played very well
yesterday?
— _________.
A. They were not nervous at all B. They were still young
C. They played naturally D. They couldn’t have done better５．言语含义