单项选择解题指导
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单项选择解题指导
一、消元简化法:
即去掉句子的修饰或插入成分，找出句子主干，从而简化句子结构。
1.The exciting moment (we looked forward to) at last.
A. coming B. came C. come D. comes
2. The writer，(whom I often refer to at the meetings, )_____ famous for those works．
A．is B．are C．am D．were
3. He often stands against the fence and talks (endlessly with my father)____gardening problems.
A．to B．too C．about D．off
二、还原再现法：
即通过转换句型还原句子本来面目，以便理解句意，从而降低难度。一般有以下6中情况。
1、将疑问句改成陈述句
如：1.Whom would you rather have ___with you
A. to go B. go C. gone D. going
还原为：you would rather have whom ______ with you.
分析：测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用动词原形表示将要发生的动作。have sb. do sth.
2、改被动句为主动句
1.Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well.
A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns
还原为：We should make good use of time ____our lesson well.
3、强调句型还原成简单句式
判断一个句子是不是强调句型的最佳办法 --去掉题干中的It is(was)...that(who)，如果句子仍然成立--表达完整的意思，则是强调句型；否则，则不是强调句型。
1. It was _____ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home．
A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．in repair
还原为：The old man spent the whole morning__the old clock at home．
注意比较下面例子：
2. It was 2009__C__you joined the football club．
It was in 2009 _B__ you joined the football club.
A．who B． that C． when D． which
分析：第一句运用还原法，去掉It was...(that)即可看出句意不完整(2009前需加in)，故此句不是强调句型，而是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。第二句则是强调句。
4、感叹句还原为陈述句
what little Tom said to his mother sounded!
A、what reasonable B、How a reasonable
C． How reasonable D． What a reasonable
原句转化为：What little Tom said to his mother sounded !很容易发现sound之后应接形容词作表语。
5、 固定短语还原
That was ＿＿＿we had in London 3 years ago!
A． wonderful time B．a wonderful time
C． wonderful D．wonderfully
可还原为：We had a wonderful time in London 3 years ago．。可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配 had a wonderful time（玩得愉快），定语从句中省略了关系代词that。
6、还原省略成分
1. -What made you so happy
- _______.(made me so happy)
A. Because of my passing the exam. B. I passed the exam.
C. Because I passed the exam. D. My passing the exam.
2. If the weather is fine, we'll go.
If _____, _____.（If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go）
A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not
If it is cheap, I'll buy it. If not, not.
If you study hard, you'll succeed.
If not, not.
3. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
=…once it is begun…
三、语境定义法
即根据实际语境，找到关键信息，从而准确答题。
1. ①（原题）-Which of the three ways shall I take to the village
- __C_ way as you please.
②（改编）--Which of the two ways shall I take to the village
-- _ D_ way as you please.
A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either
不同的语境传达不同的信息,注意比较:
2.① （原题）－ Has Sam finished his homework today
－I have no idea. He _C_ it this morning.
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
② （改编）－ Has Sam finished his homework today
－Yes. He _A_ it this morning.
四、标点提示法
即根据句子中的标点符号，如逗号，分号，破折号等，从而正确理解句子含义。
1.Tom has many friends; ___ can help him.
A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them
Tom has many friends，___ can help him.
A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them
五、克服思维定势法：
即解题时不能按照已有的思维模式，不受母语思维的干扰，而是要仔细分析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。
1.The country life he was used to greatly since 1992.
A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
[解析]易受sb be used to doing的影响而误选C。根据句意和结构可知, he was used to为定语从句，修饰先行词the country life。此空格应填谓语动词。
2. Mr. Smith is___a good teacher___ we all respect.
A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as
3.Mr. Smith is _A_ a good teacher___ we all respect him.
4. around后究竟用什么
Is there a shop around ___we can buy some toilet articles
A. that B. which C. where D. what
5. _____ smoking here will be fined.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever
6. _____ smokes here will be fined.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Whomever
六、依据习惯用法:
即根据英语语言的习惯用法，避免汉语式表达。
1.---It’s getting late.I’m afraid I must be going now.
---OK. _________
A. Take it easy. B. Go slowly. C. Stay longer. D. See you.
2. “如果你方便的话”说成英语是if you are convenient吗
I'll come to see you if _____.
A. you're convenient B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
3.“交通拥挤”的英语是crowded traffic吗
He wants to move house, because he hates the _____ here.
A. crowded traffic B. crowded traffics
C. busy traffic D. busy traffics
4. worth和asleep的修饰词
Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look,
he is now _____ asleep in class.
A. very, very B. much, very C. well, very D. well, fast
5. who he is还是who it is
Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
总结：
1、应注意全面审题,克服顾前不顾后或只顾结构和形式、不考虑语言意义和情景提示的思维习惯;
2、充分依据题中信息找出提示，或者全面考虑找出暗示;
3、特别注意主从句、插入语、时态、标点符号和一些复杂成分的干扰。
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网
单项选择解题指导
一、消元简化法:
即去掉句子的修饰或插入成分，找出句子主干，从而简化句子结构。
1.The exciting moment (we looked forward to) at last.
A. coming B. came C. come D. comes
2. The writer，(whom I often refer to at the meetings, )_____ famous for those works．
A．is B．are C．am D．were
3. He often stands against the fence and talks (endlessly with my father)____gardening problems.
A．to B．too C．about D．off
二、还原再现法：
即通过转换句型还原句子本来面目，以便理解句意，从而降低难度。一般有以下6中情况。
1、将疑问句改成陈述句
如：1.Whom would you rather have ___with you
A. to go B. go C. gone D. going
还原为：you would rather have whom ______ with you.
分析：测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用动词原形表示将要发生的动作。have sb. do sth.
2、改被动句为主动句
1.Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well.
A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns
还原为：We should make good use of time ____our lesson well.
3、强调句型还原成简单句式
判断一个句子是不是强调句型的最佳办法 --去掉题干中的It is(was)...that(who)，如果句子仍然成立--表达完整的意思，则是强调句型；否则，则不是强调句型。
1. It was _____ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home．
A．repair B．repairing C．to repair D．in repair
还原为：The old man spent the whole morning__the old clock at home．
注意比较下面例子：
2. It was 2009__C__you joined the football club．
It was in 2009 _B__ you joined the football club.
A．who B． that C． when D． which
分析：第一句运用还原法，去掉It was...(that)即可看出句意不完整(2009前需加in)，故此句不是强调句型，而是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。第二句则是强调句。
4、感叹句还原为陈述句
what little Tom said to his mother sounded!
A、what reasonable B、How a reasonable
C． How reasonable D． What a reasonable
原句转化为：What little Tom said to his mother sounded !很容易发现sound之后应接形容词作表语。
5、 固定短语还原
That was ＿＿＿we had in London 3 years ago!
A． wonderful time B．a wonderful time
C． wonderful D．wonderfully
可还原为：We had a wonderful time in London 3 years ago．。可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配 had a wonderful time（玩得愉快），定语从句中省略了关系代词that。
6、还原省略成分
1. -What made you so happy
- _______.(made me so happy)
A. Because of my passing the exam. B. I passed the exam.
C. Because I passed the exam. D. My passing the exam.
2. If the weather is fine, we'll go.
If _____, _____.（If the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go）
A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, not
If it is cheap, I'll buy it. If not, not.
If you study hard, you'll succeed.
If not, not.
3. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
=…once it is begun…
三、语境定义法
即根据实际语境，找到关键信息，从而准确答题。
1. ①（原题）-Which of the three ways shall I take to the village
- __C_ way as you please.
②（改编）--Which of the two ways shall I take to the village
-- _ D_ way as you please.
A. Each B. Every C. Any D. Either
不同的语境传达不同的信息,注意比较:
2.① （原题）－ Has Sam finished his homework today
－I have no idea. He _C_ it this morning.
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
② （改编）－ Has Sam finished his homework today
－Yes. He _A_ it this morning.
四、标点提示法
即根据句子中的标点符号，如逗号，分号，破折号等，从而正确理解句子含义。
1.Tom has many friends; ___ can help him.
A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them
Tom has many friends，___ can help him.
A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them
五、克服思维定势法：
即解题时不能按照已有的思维模式，不受母语思维的干扰，而是要仔细分析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。
1.The country life he was used to greatly since 1992.
A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
[解析]易受sb be used to doing的影响而误选C。根据句意和结构可知, he was used to为定语从句，修饰先行词the country life。此空格应填谓语动词。
2. Mr. Smith is___a good teacher___ we all respect.
A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as
3.Mr. Smith is _A_ a good teacher___ we all respect him.
4. around后究竟用什么
Is there a shop around ___we can buy some toilet articles
A. that B. which C. where D. what
5. _____ smoking here will be fined.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever
6. _____ smokes here will be fined.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Whomever
六、依据习惯用法:
即根据英语语言的习惯用法，避免汉语式表达。
1.---It’s getting late.I’m afraid I must be going now.
---OK. _________
A. Take it easy. B. Go slowly. C. Stay longer. D. See you.
2. “如果你方便的话”说成英语是if you are convenient吗
I'll come to see you if _____.
A. you're convenient B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
3.“交通拥挤”的英语是crowded traffic吗
He wants to move house, because he hates the _____ here.
A. crowded traffic B. crowded traffics
C. busy traffic D. busy traffics
4. worth和asleep的修饰词
Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look,
he is now _____ asleep in class.
A. very, very B. much, very C. well, very D. well, fast
5. who he is还是who it is
Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
总结：
1、应注意全面审题,克服顾前不顾后或只顾结构和形式、不考虑语言意义和情景提示的思维习惯;
2、充分依据题中信息找出提示，或者全面考虑找出暗示;
3、特别注意主从句、插入语、时态、标点符号和一些复杂成分的干扰。
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网