课件37张PPT。Unit 3Language in useModule 4 Rules and suggestions情态动词1. You ________ be careful of falling stones.
2. You ________ (not) walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you _______ fall and hurt yourselves.
3. You ________ always wear proper clothes.
4. Bears ________ think our rubbish is food.
5. — ______ we go rock climbing?
— No, you _______(not).
6. You ________ (not) go off on your own.mustmustn’tmightshouldmightCan can’tmustn’tgo
Ready?7. You ________ need some water.
8. We ________ hang the food in a tree tonight.
9. They _______ smell food from a long way away.
10. Bears ________ think our rubbish is food.
11.No one ________ run faster in the forest than a bear.
12. You ________ (not) make any sudden moves or make a sound. And above all, you _________ (not) run.mayshouldcanmightcan mustn’t mustn’tWhat do you think of their behaviors?What do you think of his behavior?情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能与其后的动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，用来表达建议、请求、可能或意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。常见的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, need, shall, will, should, would。情态动词Can you lift this heavy box? (体力)
Mary can speak three languages. (知识)
Can you skate? (技能) can, could此时可用be able to代替。can只有一般 现在时和一般过去式; 而be able to 则有 更多的时态。①表示能力(体力, 知识, 技能), 常用情态 动词can和could表达。如：I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. (一般将来时)
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时用be able to, 不能用can。如：—Can I go now?
—Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
—Could I come to see you tomorrow? —Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not.) 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，但could, might并不表示过去式，只是语气更委婉。它们不能用于肯定句和答语中。如：②表示请求和允许。如：They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.
This hall can hold 500 people at least. ③表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。如： Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
How can this be true? ④表示推测 (惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度) ，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。—Might / May I smoke in this room? —No, you mustn’t.
—May / Might I take this book out of the room? —Yes, you can. (No, you can’t /mustn’t. ) may, might用May I ...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和
客气，而用Can I ...？在口语中更常见。①表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。如： May you succeed!
He may / might be very busy now.
Your mother may / might not know
the truth. ②用于祈使句，表示祝愿。如：③表示推测、可能性 (不用于疑问句)。 might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。如： You must come in time.
—Must we hand in our exercise books
today? —Yes, you must. —No, you don’t have to / you needn’t. must, have to在回答引出的问句时, 如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t (禁止, 不准)，而用needn’t, don’t have to (不必)。①表示命令、禁止、不得不。如： His play isn’t interesting, I really must
go now.
I had to work when I was your age. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you now. ②must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式。如：③表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句)。如： You shall fail if you don’t work hard.
(警告) He shall have the book when I finish it. (允诺) He shall be punished. (威胁) shall, should②shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。① shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。如：What shall we do this evening?Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?
I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad.will, would②表示意志、愿望和决心。如：①表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。如: During the vacation, he would visit me
every other day.
The wound would not heal.
It would be about ten o’clock when she
left home. ③would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to 正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如：④表示估计和猜想。如： I should help her because she is in trouble.
You ought to take care of the baby. You should / ought to go to class right away.
Should I open the window? should, ought to①should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。②表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。③表示推测 should/ ought to 客观推测
must 主观推测 He must be home by now.
(断定他已到家)
He ought to/should be home by now.
(不太肯定)
This is where the oil must be. (直爽)
This is where the oil ought to/should be.
(含蓄)Summary1. 你必须马上回家。
You must go home now.
2. 他一定吃过什么东西了。
He must have eaten something.
3. 吃饭之前不能吃零食。
You mustn’t eat snacks before meals.Practice4. 我可以问你的名字吗？
May I ask your name?
5. 你能用英语说吗？
Can you speak in English?
6. 我们应该准时去上学。
We should go to school on time.
7. 你没有必要那么做。
You needn’t do that.Match the signs with the rules and warning.1P30abcdefpic1 No smoking.
2 No eating or drinking.
3 Children crossing.
4 Danger! Be careful of
falling rocks.
5 Children should be
taken care of by
parents.
6 Do not drink and drive.Read the list of rules and write sentences using must, mustn’t, should or shouldn’t.2P31Possible answers:
You must check in at the main gate when you come to the centre.
You should climb with someone/ wear the correct climbing shoes/ wear comfortable clothes.
You mustn’t climb without a rope.
You shouldn’t listen to personal music players while climbing.Work in pairs. Explain why the rules in Activity 2 are important.3P31— Why must you check in when you come to the centre?
— Because they want to know who is there.1 Why must you climb with someone?Because you can ask for help if you meet some problems.2 Why must you wear comfortable clothes?Because comfortable clothes can make you less tired.3 Why mustn’t you climb without a rope?Because it is dangerous for you.4 Why shouldn’t you listen to music while climbing?Because you can hear what is going on around you. People are very (1) _______ about the conditions of the ancient forests of Canada and want to save them. Many visitors to the forests use knives to cut their names into the trees, some of which are hundreds of years old. (2) ________ there are litter bins, people still throw rubbish into the (3) ________ and this causes plants and fish to die.
People from local villages have helped clean up the forests. We hope (4) _______ will play their part in (5) ________ Canada’s forests clean too! although keep stream tourist worryworriedAlthough streamtouristskeepingComplete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.4P31You should ___________________________.
You shouldn’t ________________________.
You must ___________________________.
You mustn’t _________________________.Now write possible rules for visitors to the forests.throw rubbish into the litter bins throw rubbish into the stream help save the ancient forests use knives to cut your names into the trees1. Come and visit me ________ you have time.
2. The wall is made of _______.
3. The path to the top is not very ________.
4. Remember to take a _______ with you to sleep in, because it might rain.
5. He lifted up the _______ and pointed it at the bear.
6. There was a ________ noise in the woods and we all stopped moving.
7. Birds use small _______ and leaves to make a home. gun smooth sticks stone sudden tent wheneverwheneverstonesmoothtent gunsuddensticksComplete the sentences with the words in the box.5P32Read the passage and answer the questions.6P321. What does Zhang Wenpeng try to say with his drawing?
2. What does Zhou Zhiyun try to say with his painting?He tries to say that people must wake up to the fact that pollution is causing damage to the progress we’ve made.He tries to say that people must not waste electricity.3. What does the school suggest the students should do?
4. How can a school become a “green school”？The school suggests that the students should pass on what they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours.A school must include education about the environment as part of the timetable to become a “green school”.Listen and complete the sentences.7P331. The first thing you have to do is to ____________ carefully.
2. Think about where ___________ and whether there are ____________.
3. You should only take marked _______________.
4. Make sure you know where _________ for lunch.
5. Don’t forget to tell people to ___________ for the people.
6. don’t walk when it is ___________ or in _________.
7. You must not try out a __________ with a group.单项选择。
1. Students in our school _______ know
shouting is not allowed in the library.
A. can B. may
C. must D. need
2. You ______ drive your car so fast. It’s very dangerous.
A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t
C. couldn’t D. mightn’t3. _______ I see your ID card, sir? We have to check your information.
A. May B. Must C. Should D. Need
4. — Where are you going this month?
— We _______ go to Xiamen, but we’re
not sure.
A. needn’t B. must C. might D. mustn’t
5. It’s rather hot in the room. You’d better
________ the windows or the door.
A. close B. not to close
C. don’t close D. not close 6. — Where’s Tim?
— I’m not sure. He _____ in the school library.
A. maybe B. must be
C. may be D. will be
7. You made the same mistakes again. You _____ be more careful next time.
A. can B. may C. will D. should 8. I have my own room in my house, so I _____ do what I want in it.
A. can B. have to
C. need to D. must
9. The man in the office _____ be Mr Black because he phoned me from London just now.
A. mustn’t B. can’t
C. may not D. needn’t 10. According to the air traffic rules, you _____ turn off your mobile phone before boarding.
A. could B. would
C. should D. might
11. — Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Dr Lee.
— Ah, good morning. You _____ be Mrs Jones. A. might B. must
C. would D. canHomework1. Finish the exercises in Learning English.
2. Preview the new words and expressions in Module 5.课件45张PPT。Module 4
Rules and suggestionsUnit 3
Language in useMust we obey the traffic rules?Must we obey the school rules?What do you think of their behaviors?What do you think of his behavior?Have you ever made such kind of paper by hand?Pay attention to the following sentences.
1. You must be careful of falling stones.
2. You mustn’t walk too close to the edge of the hill path because you might fall and hurt yourselves.
3. You should always wear proper clothes.
4. Bears might think our rubbish is food.
5. —Can we go rock climbing?
—No, you can’t.Language practice1. No smoking.
2. No eating or drinking.
3. Children crossing.
4. Danger! Be careful of falling rocs.
5. Children should be taken care of by parents.
6. Do not drink and drive.Match the signs with the rules and warnings.abcabc1. No smoking.
2. No eating or drinking.
3. Children crossing.
4. Danger! Be careful of falling rocks.
5. Children should be taken care of by parents.
6. Do not drink and drive.defedf1. 表示能力
表示一个人能做某事时，常用can或could表达。
e.g. As soon as Mike could read, he read
books about robots.
迈克刚能看懂书，就看关于机器人的书。
My five-year-old daughter can draw
a beautiful picture in five minutes.
我五岁的女儿能在五分钟之内画出一幅漂
亮的图画。情态动词2. 表示可能性
如果要表达“可能，可能性”，可以用may/ might或 can/ could.
e.g. Jane may be at home. 简可能在家。
I might talk to him.
我可能会跟他说说
You can go to Beijing by train.
你可以坐火车去北京。3. 表示许可或征求对方许可
如果表达允许某人做某事，或征求对方的许可，可以用can/could/may/might。
e.g. You can / may start your work now.
你现在可以开始工作了。
Could / May I come a little later
tomorrow? I don’t feel myself.
我明天可以晚到一会吗? 我觉得不太舒
服。4. 表示请求对方做某事
如果要请求对方做某事，可以用下列表达方式：
Will / Would / Could you (please) …?
Would you mind …?
e.g. Would you please help me with this
suitcase?
你可以帮我拿这个手提箱吗？
Would you mind turning down the
music?
你能把声音关小点儿声吗？5. 表示建议和邀请
表建议和邀请可用下列表达方式：
Would you like (to) …?
Shall we …?
e.g. Would you like to play basketball?
你想打篮球吗？
Shall we go? 我们走吧？6. 表示意愿
表示想做某事可以用would like/ love to …
e.g. I’d like to be a scientist.
我想成为科学家。
7. 表示应该、义务
表示应该、义务等时常用should, ought to, must.
e.g. You should talk to your parents.
你应该跟你父母谈谈。
I ought to train more to improve my
skill. 我应该多训练来提高技巧。8. 表示命令、禁止、不得不
表示这类含义时，一般用must, mustn’t, have to等。
e.g. You must study maths to be an
engineer.
要当工程师，你必须学数学。
You mustn’t tell it to anyone.
你不许把这件事告诉任何人。
You have to come early tomorrow.
你明天得早到。9. 表示没必要做某事
表示没必要做某事时，常用needn’t, don’t have to等。
e.g. You don’t have to worry about
money. I can lend you some in
time of need.
你不用担心钱，你需要的时候我
可以借给你。London Indoor Climbing Centre
Visitors please note:
Dos
Check in at the main gate when you come to the center.
Climb with someone.
Wear a hard hat at all times.
Wear the correct climbing shoes.
Wear comfortable clothes.Read the lists of rules and write sentences
using must, mustn't, should or shouldn't.Don’ts
Don’t climb without a rope.
Don’t eat or drink anywhere except in the restaurant.
Don’t listen to personal music players while climbing.
Don’t talk on a mobile phone while climbing.Answers:
You must check in at the main gate when you come to the center.
You must climb with someone.
You must wear a hard hat at all times.
You must wear the correct climbing shoes.
You should wear comfortable clothes. You mustn’t climb without a rope.
You mustn’t eat or drink anywhere except in the restaurant.
You shouldn’t listen to personal music players while climbing.
You mustn’t talk on a mobile phone while climbing.Work in pairs. Explain why the rules in Activity 2 are important.1. Why must you climb with someone?
2. Why must you wear comfortable clothes?
3. Why mustn’t you climb without a rope?
4. Why shouldn’t you listen to music while climbing?—Why must you check in when you come to the centre?
—Because they want to know who is there.Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.although keep stream tourist worry People are very (1) _______ about the conditions of the ancient forests of Canada and want to save them. Many visitors to the forests use knives to cut their names into the trees, some of which are hundreds of years old. worried(2) ________ there are litter bins, people still throw rubbish into the (3) ______ and this causes plants and fish to die.
People from local villages have helped clean up the forests. We hope (4) _______ will play their part in (5) _______ Canada’s forests clean too!touristskeepingalthough keep stream tourist worry AlthoughstreamNow write possible rules for visitors to the forests.1. You should _______________________.
2. You shouldn’t _____________________.
3. You must _________________________.
4. You mustn’t ______________________.Complete the sentences with the words in the box.gun smooth sticks stone sudden tent whenever 1. Come and visit me _________ you have time.
2. The wall is made of ______.
3. The path to the top is not very _______.
4. Remember to take a ____ with you to sleep in, because it might rain.wheneversticks smooth tent 5. He lifted up the _____ and pointed it at the bear.
6. There was a ______ noise in the woods and we all stopped moving.
7. Birds use small ______ and leaves to make a home.gunsudden stones gun, smooth, sticks, stone sudden, tent, whenever Listen to Part 6 and answer the questions.1. Is Zhang Wenpeng’s school a green one?
Yes, it is.
2. What should we do when we leave a room?
We should turn off the light.Read the passage and answer the questions.1. What does Zhang Wenpeng try say with his drawing?
People must wake up to the fact that pollution is causing damage to the progress we’ve made.
2. What does Zhou Zhiyun try to say with his painting?
People must not waste electricity.3. What does the school suggest the students should do?
The students should pass on what they have learnt in school to their parents and neighbours.
4. How can a school become a “green school”?
A school must include education about the environment as part of the timetable.Listen and complete the sentences.1. The first thing you have to do is to
______________ carefully.
2. Think about where ____________________
and whether there are ___________________.
3. You should only take marked ________.plan the workyou are going to workclearly marked pathspaths4. Make sure you know where ___________ for lunch.
5. Don’t forget to tell people to _________ for the picnic.
6. Don’t walk when it is ________ or in _________________.
7. You must not try out a ___________
with a group.you can stopbring foodtoo hotvery bad weathernew workEcotourism
Ecotourism is also known as “responsible tourism”. It means you visit places without damaging the environment. Many countries around the world have started ecotourism holidays and trips. Tourists help the local communities look after their natural environment. Here are some rules of ecotourism.Around the worldDos
Take rubbish away with you.
Walk on paths or roads.
Take photos but nothing else.
Don’ts
Don’t pick flowers or damage trees.
Don’t pollute rivers or streams.
Don’t make open fires in the forests.Work in pairs. Discuss and give advice for visitors to China.Talk about: visiting someone’s home
eating and drinking
travelling on public transport
behaving politely in public
visiting tourist sightsWrite your advice.You must …
You mustn’t …
You should …
You shouldn’t …Work in groups and compare your advice. Choose the five
most useful pieces of advice for visitors to China.1. —Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith?
—No, you _______.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t
C. wouldn’t D. needn’t2. —Excuse me, may I keep the book a little longer?
—Sorry. You ________ return it today.
A. must B. mustn’t
C. can D. can’t3. —Is the man over there Mr. Brown?
—It ____ him. He has gone to Brazil.
A. may not B. can’t be
C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
4. Children ____ sit in the front seat of a car. It’s too dangerous.
A. need B. needn’t
C. must D. mustn’t中考链接1. —Must I water the flowers now, mum?
—No, you ____. You ____ do it later.
【2014铜仁】
A. mustn’t; must B. mustn’t; may
C. needn’t; may D. needn’t; must2. —____ I know by what time you want
the project to be done?
—By the day after tomorrow. ____ you
finish it on time? 【2014连云港】
A. May; Can B. Must; Need
C. Could; Must D. Need; Would3. —Who’s singing in the garden?
—It _____ be Mr. Brown. He always
practices singing at this time.
【2014长沙】
A. must B. can’t C. need
4. I _____ follow you. Would you please
repeat it? 【2014河北】
A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 制作一个海报，宣传环保学校的做法。
