中考二轮复习题型专题五 选词填空解析及真题练习

21世纪教育网 –中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题五：选词填空
一、题型综述
选词型完形填空要求学生根据短文内容选择所给的词汇，补全一篇有10个空缺的短文，一般是从12个选项中选出10个填入空白处，所考察的内容一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等。21cnjy.com
二、解题策略
1、分析备选词汇，做到心中有数。
不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词－n.，动词－v.，形容词－a.，副词－ad.等等，同时对词义作初步的理解。这样在阅读短文之前，做到心中有数。
2、快速浏览全文，了解文章大意。
短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。准确理解短文主旨大意，是解题的关键。
3、充分利用语境，选择恰当的单词。
通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，同学们可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。
4、复读全文，验证答案
答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。
{真题解析}
四、选词填空(淄博2016年真题)
根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。
sad　back　holiday　up　sitting　crowded　who　tired　allowed in　lost　anywhere
In 1955 in Montgomery，Alabama，only white people were __31__ to sit in the first four rows of public buses.African－American people had to use the seats towards the __32__ of the bus.
If someone __33__ was African－American sat in the white part，he or she would be asked to move.
One day，an African－American named Rosa Parks was __34__ in a “whites only”part of the bus.
The bus was __35__ and some white people needed a seat，so the driver asked Rosa Parks to give __36__ her seat.
But she refused.She was __37__ after a long day working in a store and she felt she should have the right to sit __38__ she wanted，so she told the driver“no”．
For that，she was arrested(逮捕)．She was tried for just 30 minutes and fined(罚款)$10—a lot of money in those days.
She also __39__ her job because of that.
Today，in the United States，December 1 is a __40__ called Rosa Parks Day. Rosa Parks is celebrated for her action and bravery.
31．________　32.________　33.________　34.________　35.________
36．________　37.________　38.________　39.________　40.________
答案：31.allowed 32.back 33.who 34.sitting 35.crowded 36.up 37.tired 38.anywhere 39.lost 40.holiday 2·1·c·n·j·y
解析：本文讲述了在非洲裔美国人罗莎·帕克斯为争取民权而做出的努力。
31.allowed 本题考查被动语态的用法，本句意为“只有白人才被允许坐在公交车的前四排”，一般过去时的被动语态结构为：were/was +PP，故答案为allowed。
32.back 本题考查语境理解，本句语意为“非洲裔美国人只能用公交车后排的座位”，故答案为back。
33.who 本题考查人称代词的用法，引导人用代词who，故答案为who。
34.sitting 本题考查时态的用法，根据句意应该使用过去进行时，过去进行时结构为：were/was +doing，故答案为sitting。
35.crowded 本题考查语境理解，由后句“some white people needed a seat（一些白人需要一个座位）”可知公交车上是很拥挤的，故答案为crowded。
36.up 本题考查动词词组的理解，本句语意为“所以司机让罗莎·帕克斯放弃她的座位”，动词词组give up 为放弃的意思，故答案为up。
37.tired 本题考查语境及形容词的理解，由后句“after a long day working in a store”可知罗莎·帕克斯应该是累了，故答案为tired。
38.anywhere 本题考查语境及副词的理解，本句语意为“她觉得她有权利坐在她想坐的任何地方”，故答案为anywhere。
39.lost 本题考查语境及动词的理解，本题语意为“因此她也失去了她的工作。”故答案为lost。
40.holiday 本题考查对上下文的理解及名词的应用，由下文“Rosa Parks is celebrated for her action and bravery.（罗莎·帕克斯日用来庆祝她的行动和勇敢）”可知这是用来庆祝的一天，是节日，故答案为holiday。
{实战练习}
（一）(淄博2015年真题)
clean，important，shop，little，popular，few，treated，healthy，worry，until，take，homes
Many people like to keep pets.Dogs and cats are very__1__ pets.Some people，however，keep birds or goldfish.They need less space and are easier to look after.
If you want to have a pet，you can buy one from a pet__2__ but you must be careful not to buy a sick animal.It is best if you know something about the pet you want.This helps you choose a healthy pet.However，if you do not have much money and know very__3__ about animals，you can visit the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(皇家防止虐待动物协会)．
The first RSPCA was established in England in 1821.It was set up to make sure that all animals are__4__ with kindness.The RSPCA in Hong Kong carries out this aim.The RSPCA officers collect animals which have no__5__ and are left in the street.They look after them__6__ they are healthy again.People visiting the RSPCA may choose their pets from these animals and you can be sure that you will get a__7__ pet.If later your pet becomes ill，you can__8__ it to the doctors at the RSPCA for treatment.
When you have a pet，it is very__9__ that you look after it properly.You must remember to feed it on time.You should also give it a__10__ and comfortable place to rest.Your pet will be happy and healthy if you love it and care for it properly.
1．________　 2.________　 3.________　 4.________　 5.________
6．________　 7.________　 8.________　 9.________　 10.________
答案：1．popular　2．shop　3．little　4．treated　5．homes　6．until　7．healthy　8．take　9．important　10．clean　2-1-c-n-j-y
（二）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
At different times in a man’s life, his food has different effects on his body. Among children ________ (1) is quickly changed to the power to run and play games. Most of a young man’s food is spent on growing ________ (2); we grow upwards only ________ (3) the first twenty years of our ________ (4), not later. Working men get their strong bodies from their food; and if they work ________ (5), they do not get fat. Office workers eat well and ________ (6) down a lot, and may begin to grow fat when still quite young. Many older ________ (7) try to work much and walk often. Perhaps the most difficult time is when a man ________ (8) sixty years of age. His body and mind ________ (9) restful, without much work or interest. That is when food changes quickly to ________ (10).
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. food 2. taller 3. during 4. lives 5. hard 6. sit 7. people 8. reaches 9. become 10. fat
（三）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
came; certainly; and; better; what yours; there; where; be; drawings;; who; went
Mr. Black and Mr. White were two very famous artists in the city. Their 1 were also very popular in the city. But they tried to see 2 could draw the best picture.
One day they asked an old man to 3 the judge. Mr. Black drew an apple tree. He put his picture in the field. Soon the birds 4 and tried to eat the apples. The old man saw it and said, “You have 5 won. Mr. White can’t draw so good a picture as 6 . But we will go to see his picture.”21教育网
They went to Mr. White’s house. 7 was nothing but a set of beautiful curtains on the wall. The old man asked, “ 8 is your picture, Mr. White ” Mr. White said, “Lift the curtains, 9 you will find my picture.” The old man tried to lift the curtains but found that they were drawn there. They were Mr. White’s pictures. The old man said, “Birds thought the apples were real. Men thought the curtains were real. So Mr. White won, and his picture is the 10 one.”
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. drawings 2. who 3. be 4. came 5. certainly
6. yours 7. There 8. Where 9. and 10. better
（四）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
to tell wonderful them sleep light beenfar later then friends himself visited
About a hundred people lived in a very small mountain village. It was very 1 from the other villages and towns. They had few 2 and none of them left the village. Of course there was neither electricity(电) nor gas(煤气) there.
Once a writer 3 the village. The backwardness(落后) of the village surprised him. He decided 4 about it to the world. So he took the oldest villager to London. The old man told all about his home and village to the people. Several months 5 he returned. All the villagers went to see him and asked him how he had enjoyed 6 in the city.
“Everything is 7 in London,” the old man said, “I’ve 8 to many good places and eaten all kinds of nice food and other things. But the trouble was I could not 9
at night. ”
“What happened to you ” his wife asked.
“The 10 was on in my bedroom all the time.”
“Why not blow it out, then ”
“I tried, but it was inside a little glass bottle.”
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. far 2. friends 3. visited 4. to tell 5. later 6. himself 7. wonderful 8. been 9. sleep 10. light 21教育名师原创作品
（五）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
everyone how long weak higher instead of However speed left until lower enjoyed how far
Isaac Newton was born in Woolsthorpe , England, on December 25,1642. He was born early and he was very 1 .No one believed he could continue to live. But he surprised 2 . He had one of the most powerful minds in history. And he lived 3 he was 84.
Newton’s father died before he was born. His mother married again a few years later. She 4 Newton with his grandmother.21世纪教育网版权所有
The boy was not a good student. Yet he was curious(好奇的) and liked to make things ,such as kites, clocks and simple machines. Newton also 5 finding new ways to answer questions or solve problems. As a boy, for example, he wanted to find a way to measure(测量) the 6 of the wind. On a windy day, he measured how far he could jump with the wind at his back .Then he measured 7 he could jump with the wind in his face. From the difference between the two jumps, he made his own measure of the power of the wind.
Strangely, Newton became a much better student after a boy kicked him in the stomach. The boy was one of the best students in the school. Newton decided to get even (报复) by getting 8 marks than the boy who kicked him. In a short time, Newton became the top student at the school. 【出处：21教育名师】
Newton left school to help on the family farm. 9 , the boy was not a good farmer. He spent his time solving math problems. Instead of taking care of the farm. He spent hours visiting a bookstore in town, 10 selling his vegetables in the market. An uncle believed that Newton would do better as a student than as a farmer. So he sponsored(资助) the young man into Cambridge University to study math.
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. weak 2. everyone 3. until 4. left 5. enjoyed 6. speed 7. how far 8. higher 9. However 10. instead of【版权所有：21教育】
（六）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
teacher, answer, make, covered, goodbye, watched, whenever, out, did, over, around, their
One day, I went to visit my friend Lucy’s class. She was a primary school 1 . I sat at the back of the classroom and 2 them. Lucy and her students were busy writing sentences on paper. When I went closer, I found that they were writing “I can’t” sentences.www.21-cn-jy.com
“I can’t 3 my teacher’s question in class.”
“I can’t finish my homework on time.” ……
After they finished, they were asked to put 4 “I can't” paper into a box. Then Lucy took the box and walked 5 of the classroom. The students followed her, and so 6 I. We went to a corner on the playground and the students were asked to dig a hole. They took turns to dig. After the hole was finished, Lucy put the box into it and 7 it with sand.
She asked the students to form a circle 8 the hole and lower their heads. Then she said, “boys and girls, we gather here to say 9 to our “I can’ts”. They have been with us for a long time. And they have shown up in every place in our lives. Now, it is time for them to go. From now on, 10 we want to say “I can’t”, we should remember that they have gone.”
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. teacher 2. watched 3. answer 4. their 5. out 6. did 7.covered 8. around 9. goodbye 10. whenever
（七）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
if What problems Where opened forgetdescribe myself health fight remember brave
One day before my final exam, my dad gave me a gift . It completely changed my life.
On that day I had a 1 with my friends and it was a difficult time with my studies. I was unhappy. Then I noticed the gift . I 2 it and saw a DVD inside. Its name was “THE SECRET”. However, I was in no mood (心情) to watch it. I sat down to study, but the 3 in my life—the fight, the sleepless nights and my poor health … Everything came to my mind. I wanted an answer but I wondered _4 there was any. Just then, I saw the DVD again. Maybe it would be helpful. I turned on my DVD player. I had no words to _ 5 the feelings I experienced while watching it. The moving stories of human beings made me so moved that I wouldn’t _ 6 any of them.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
Thanks to my father’s gift “THE SECRET”, I discovered _ 7 . Everybody has difficulties in their lives. The important thing is that you should be _8 enough to face them. Now I have started getting on well with my studies and my friends. And I’m in good _ 9 , too. I often hear people say, “Wow! _10 a perfect life you have!”
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. fight 2. opened 3. problems 4. if 5. describe 6. forget 7. myself 8. brave 9. health 10. What
（八）( 青岛2016年真题）
exactly, disappeared , hundreds, example, protect, when, longest, of, symbol, wide, northwest, build
The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. With a history of more than 2,000 years, some parts of the Great Wall have ___1___. It is, however, still a very popular place of interest.
It is the ___2___ wall ever built. It’s from Shanhaiguan on the east coast to Gansu Province in the ___3___ of China. It is about 8 meters high. The top is 8 meters ___4___ and it gets even wider towards the bottom where it is 15 meters. It is made ___5___ stone and brick. The top is hard enough for men on horseback to ride on. The wall was built by hand and it took ___6___ of years to finish.
No one knows ___7___ when the building of the Great Wall was started. It is believed that the wall was built to ___8___ parts of the country during the Zhou Dynasty. Emperor Qin Shihuang joined the separate walls built by the Qin, Yan and Zhao Kingdoms. The wall was not only for protection in the north, it was also a ___9___ of China’s ancient civilization (文明). 21世纪教育网21世纪教育网Today, many of the visitors go to see the wall. ___10___they stand on top of a tower and look down on this wall, they can’t help (禁不住) saying “Wow, that’s fantastic!”
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1.disappeared 2.longest 3.northwest 4.wide 5.of 6. hundreds 7.exactly 8.protect 9.symbol 10. When 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
（九）(临沂市2016年真题）
what，attend，returned，if，preparations，Recently，before，during，got off，got up，himself，national
How does David Cameron，the British prime minister，spend his day What does he do every day __1__，some reporters had a chance to spend a whole day with him and made a short video about a day in his life.21·cn·jy·com
Mr.Cameron __2__ at 6 a．m.He opened the fridge and made breakfast.He likes fish，tomato and lemon and made a simple sandwich of it for __3__．www-2-1-cnjy-com
At 7 a．m.，all was quiet in the kitchen as Mr.Cameron sat by a table and read his diary for the day.He read notes and thought about __4__ to discuss with his team members.
After a quick shower and a change of clothes，it was time to start the working day with the cabinet(内阁) meeting.He first discussed with members from the Conservative Party(保守党) before going to a bigger cabinet meeting.There were a lot of decisions to make __5__ the meetings.
At eleven o'clock.Mr.Cameron answered questions from newspapers and radio stations.He also recorded some radio messages and television speeches for __6__ holidays，such as Christmas Day and New Year's Day.21*cnjy*com
In the afternoon，Mr.Cameron prepared for the Prime Minister's Questions for the next day.It takes him about half an hour to answer questions from more than 600 Members of Parliament(国会议员) every Wednesday.Before the question time，about ten people help him make __7__．
Each week，Mr.Cameron has to __8__ a private meeting with The Queen.So at six in the afternoon，he left Downing Street(唐宁街) and went to Buckingham Palace(白金汉宫)．He __9__ from Buckingham Palace at seven.21*cnjy*com
A day of hard work ended around eight o'clock.Mr.Cameron read books and watched television in his bedroom __10__ he went to sleep at about eleven o'clock.
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1.Recently 2.got up 3.himself 4.what 5.during 6.national 7.preparations 8.attend 9.returned 10.before21·世纪*教育网
（十）( 据2016年湖北省黄石市真题改编）
shows sad better written ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ) difficult since courage myself them hard-working at become
I like reading ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ). I love many different kinds of books, because they not only open my mind but also give me 1 .
Up to now I have read a lot of books, such as magazines, novels and storybooks. But one of the books that I like best is The Story of My Life. It was 2 by American writer Helen Keller in 1902. She was a blind, deaf and dumb person. In the book, she wrote that she had not been able to see, hear or speak 3 she was one year and seven months old. This unusual thing made her very 4 . Luckily, she met her good teacher, Miss Sullivan 5 the age of seven. Helen was getting happier every day. Then, Miss Sullivan helped her learn how to write English words. At first, Miss Sullivan wrote some words on Helen’s hands with her own fingers again and again. Helen was a very 6 girl. She tried as much as possible to remember words. After that, she wrote many famous works. The Story of My Life is one of 7 .
The Story of My Life d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )escribes her hard struggle(奋斗) to 8 a good writer and educationist of the world.
It 9 us an impor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )tant truth: Nothing is 10 if you put your heart into it! This is why I like it best. What about you
1.________ 2.________　 3.________　 4.________ 5.________　
6.________　 7.________　 8.________ 9．________　10.________
答案：1. courage 2. written 3. since 4. sad 5. at 6. hard-working 7. them 8. become 9. shows 10. difficult
people, hard, fly, lives, sit, younger, taller, reaches, food, become, fat, during
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