中考二轮复习题型专题六 阅读表达解析及真题练习

21世纪教育网 –中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题六：阅读表达
一、题型综述
阅读表达是“阅读理解”的另一种形式，考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“阅读表达”是介于阅读理解和写作之间，其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达，而是在理解文字的基础上，有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。21·世纪*教育网
2、解题策略
1、速读问题，明确任务。
　　在阅读文章前，要迅速阅读问题，了解要完成的任务，做到心中有数。
2、认真阅读，紧扣原文。
　　尽量在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息，这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息，确保答题的准确性。
3、读写结合，综合答题。
　（1）前两个题是回答问题，在回答问题的时候一定要回到原文当中去寻找答案，一般情况下可以直接找到答案，直接用原文回答即可，个别的在原文当中有提示，但需要个人总结的，一定要仔细认真归纳，用规范语言回答。【版权所有：21教育】
（2）第三四题是翻译句子，在翻译句子时要注意两点，一是句子包含的信息不要漏译，要全面，二是不要逐字翻译，翻译出来要符合汉语习惯。
（3）最后一个题是给文章起一个合适的题目，起的题目要符合两个要求，一是能概括文章的主旨，二是文字要简练，不能太长，十个字以内最为合适。
4、认真检查，注意书写。
　　完成任务后要重新审视材料，检查所做的答案是否复合要求，同时语言要精练准确，书写是否规整。
虽然任务型阅读考查的是学生理解、归纳、判断等能力，特别是解决实际问题的能力，但阅读内容浅显，易于理解。题目设计既不是直接地呈现答案，也不增加解题的弯度。命题人往往从中等水平学生的认知能力出发。只要学生掌握了正确的解题技巧，加上有效的训练，一定能很好地掌握这一题型。
{真题解析}
五、阅读表达(淄博2016年真题)
阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。
Hiram Fong grew up in Honolulu，Hawaii.43.He__began__picking__beans__when__he__was__only__four__years__old__to__help__support__his__family.Fong also sold newspapers，shined shoes，and worked as a golf caddy when he was a boy.A golf caddy is a person who carries a player's golf clubs.
Fong began working in Hawaii's government in 1938.At that time，Hawaii belonged to the United States，but not a state.Fong believed that Hawaiians should be able to take part in making laws for the United States government，just as other Americans could.Fong said Hawaii should be a state of the United States.In1959，Hawaii became the fiftieth state，and Fong was chosen as one of Hawaii's first two senators(参议员)．He became the first Asian－American in the United States Senate.
As a senator，Hiram Fong supported equal(平等的) rights.For example，he wanted the laws about immigrants(移民) to be fairer.He wanted to improve conditions for workers in factories and businesses.44.He__also__believed__that__women__and__men__should__be__paid__the__same__for__doing__the__same__job.In a lifetime of hard work，Fong found more than personal success.His work helped millions of people.
(一)根据短文内容简要回答问题。
41．What is a golf caddy
________________________________________________________________________
42．When did Hawaii become the fiftieth state of the United States
________________________________________________________________________
(二)将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
43．________________________________________________________________________
44．________________________________________________________________________
(三)请给短文拟一个适当的题目。
45．________________________________________________________________________
答案：
41.A golf caddy is a person who carries a player's golf clubs.
42.In 1959
43.在他仅有四岁的时候就开始摘豆子贴补家用。
44.他也坚信，男女应该同工同酬。
45.Hiram Fong/The first Asian－American in the United States Senate
解析：
本文介绍了美籍华人邝友良的人生历程。
41.A golf caddy is a person who carries a player's golf clubs. 细节考查题，根据第一段最后一句话可以直接得出答案。
42.In 1959 细节考查题，根据第二段倒数第二句话可以直接得出答案。
43.在他仅有四岁的时候就开始摘豆子贴补家用。翻译该句时注意调整语序。
44.他也坚信，男女应该同工同酬。其中的“be paid the same for doing the same job.”翻译为“同工同酬”较为合适。
45.Hiram Fong/The first Asian－American in the United States Senate 可以直接用他的名字作为题目，也可以用他的特殊身份作为题目，都具有代表性。
{实战练习}
（一）(淄博2015年真题)
Fire was discovered many thousands of years ago.The first time humans saw fire was probably when a tree was destroyed by lightning(闪电)．Humans soon learned how to make fire.They probably made the first fire by rubbing (摩擦)two sticks together.【出处：21教育名师】
Fire was very important to humans.They needed to keep warm at night.They used fire to cook food.（3） They__used__fire__to__keep__enemies__and__wild__animals__away.In some parts of the world fire was used to send messages.The Indians in America，for example，used fire to make smoke as a message.In some other countries people lit fires to warn their friends of danger.
（4） Fire__was__also__used__to__give__light.Before the invention of the oil lamp(灯)，humans burned sticks to get light.
One man even used fire to tell the time.He invented a candle clock.He made a candle that took exactly twelve hours to burn.Then he marked this candle in twelve equal(相等的) parts.He lit the candle and could tell the time by counting the number of parts left of the burning candle.But the candle clock did not always work well.If there was a wind blowing on the candle，it burned too quickly.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
(一)根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1．How did Indians in America use fire
2．What happened to the candle if there was a wind blowing on it 21*cnjy*com
(二)将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3．________________________________________________________________________
4．________________________________________________________________________
(三)请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
5．________________________________________________________________________
答案：1．To make smoke as a message.　
2．It burned too quickly.　
3．他们用火来防范敌人和野兽。
4．火也被用来照明。　
5.Fire
（二）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
A road is just like a bridge between two places. The Silk Road has been a bridge between East and West. But the Silk Road is not a single route(路线)! It is a series of（一系列） trade and cultural transmission routes. From the time Zhang Qian opened up the world-famous Silk Road during the Han Dynasty, until the Yuan Dynasty, it enjoyed a history of about l,600 years.
This ancient road begins at Chang'an (now Xi’an), and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route, Central Route and Northern Route. And then it ends in Eastern Europe, near the Mediterranean Sea(地中海). The Silk Road is about 6,500 kilometers long. It goes across one-fourth of the planet. （3）In fact, there is another trade road which is called the “Silk Road on the Sea” in the southwest of China.
The Silk Road was very important to both China and the rest of the world. Besides trade, knowledge about science, arts and technologies were shared across the Silk Road. The Four Great Inventions of China was introduced to the West and Chinese also knew about the religions（宗教） of the West. （4）In this way, languages and cultures developed and influenced each other. Today, places along the Silk Road are great places of interest, such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi'an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu.
A．根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. When was the Silk Road opened up
2. Where does the Silk Road end
B．将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3.
4.
C．请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
68．
答案：1. During the Han Dynasty.
2. It ends in Eastern Europe, near the Mediterranean Sea.
3.事实上，在中国的西南有另外一条叫做海上丝绸之路的贸易通道。
4.就这样，语言和文化相互之间发展和影响了。
5. Silk Road
（三）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
While China is almost the same size as the US in area, it is home to about 1.3 billion people. It has a special culture with a very long history.
Chinese Food
3 Food plays an important role for Chinese families. Different foods have special meanings. The most obvious(明显的) difference is that Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods in Chinese culture is rice. Tea is a favorite drink and it is popular in the market.
Chinese New Year
The Chinese calendar is called a lunar(阴历的) calendar. It is not the same as the one used in the US. New Year’s Day is in late winter. It is also called the Spring Festival. It has a big celebration of letting go of the old and bringing in the new. It has special foods and traditions. For example, sweeping the floor before New Year’s Day sweeps away all the old year’s bad luck.
Chinese Zodiac (生肖)
The Chinese zodiac, known as Sheng Xiao, follows a twelve-year cycle. Each year is named for an animal. These animal signs are the rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. For example, the year that begins in 2016 is the Year of the Monkey.
Chinese Language
Chinese is a complex (复杂的) language. Chinese writing developed almost 4,000 years ago and may even be older. Chinese writing has thousands of characters(字符). A character represents(代表) a word and also a meaning. 4Unlike English, there are no spaces in Chinese writing. Besides Standard Chinese, or Putonghua, Chinese people speak six other forms of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects(方言).
（一）根据短文回答问题。
1. What is the Chinese calendar called
________________________________________________________________________
2. How many years of cycle does the Chinese zodiac follow
________________________________________________________________________
（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
（三）请给文章拟一个适当的标题。
5. ________________________________________________________________________
答案：1. A lunar calendar./The lunar calendar. 21世纪教育网版权所有
2. Twelve/12.
3. 食物在中国家庭中扮演着重要的角色 / 起着重要的作用。
4. 与英语不同，汉语书写中没有空格。
5. Chinese culture.
（四）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
In American schools there is Home-coming Day(校友返校日). Many high schools and colleges have a Home-coming football game. This can be the biggest day of the year. Students may spend many weeks preparing for Home-coming Day.
A few days before Home-coming Day, students start to decorate(装饰)the school. There are signs to wish good luck to the team, and many other signs to welcome all the graduates(毕业生). 3 Many people still come to Home-coming Day twenty or thirty years after they left school.
During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. They often see old friends and have fun talking together about those happy years in school.
Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. They all cheer for their team. When the game is half over, the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Home-coming Queen or King shows up. All the students choose a most popular student as the Home-coming Queen or King.
Home-coming Day is a happy day. Even if the team loses, the students still enjoy it so much. 4 For everyone, it is a day they will always remember.
请务必将41-45小题的答案写在答题卡的相应位置！
（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. What are the signs used for on Home-coming Day 21教育名师原创作品
2. What does the band play when the game is half over
（二） 将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3._______________________________________________________
4._______________________________________________________
（三）请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
5._______________________________________________________
答案：1. They are used for wishing good luck to the team and welcoming all the graduates.
2. It plays school songs.
3.许多人在毕业二三十年后依然返校参加校友返校日。
4.对每个人而言这都是一个值得永远铭记的日子。
5. Home-coming Day
（五）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
“Tom Are you in bed yet ” called Mrs. White. There was no answer. Mrs. White put down her book and went to her 14-year-old son’s room. Tom was sitting in front of a bright computer screen on which a motorbike was running fast.21*cnjy*com
“Oh, Tom. You’re still playing on that computer. You must stop now, it’s half past eleven. If you don’t go to bed soon, you’ll be very tired tomorrow.” Said Mrs. White.
“But I’ve nearly won the game.” Said Tom to Mrs. White. She could see the excitement on his face. She sat down beside him.
“You’re always playing on the computer. 3 You spend more time on this computer than on your homework.”
Today more and more families have computers. Parents hope computers can help their children improve their study at school. But, many of their children use computers to play games, to watch videos, instead of studying. We often see that computer game houses are crowded with people, especially young boys. They spend a lot of money competing with the computerized machines. 4 The more they lose, the more they want to win. The result is that they don’t want to work or study.
In some other countries, even scientists hate computers. They say computers cause millions of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of puter game addiction (瘾) is a serious problem in social life. Something has to be done to solve the problem.
（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. What do parents hope computers can do to their children
2. In some other countries , why do some scientists hate computers
（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3.
4.
（三）请给短文拟一个适当的题目。
5. ____________________________________________
答案：1. Parents hope computers can help their children improve their study at school.
2. Because they think computers cause millions of people to lose their jobs or cause them a lot of trouble.
3. 你在这台电脑上花费的时间比在你的作业上要多。
4. 他们失去的越多，就想赢回更多。
5. Computers / Are computers useful
（六）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
When it comes to food, the golden rule is that brown is better than white. We eat brown bread, wheat pasta, brown sugar! But what about brown eggs Does the color of the skin make them healthier than white eggs www.21-cn-jy.com
According to Tro V. Bui, a visiting fellow in animal science at Cornell University, “ There is no real difference in nutritional(营养的) value between brown and white eggs.”
White eggs are laid by white-feathered chickens with white or light colored earlobes(耳垂). While brown ones are laid by brown-feathered chickens with red earlobes. There are more white eggs in the market than brown ones. That’s because breeding and raising(繁育) white-feathered chickens is much cheaper. 2·1·c·n·j·y
3Many people think that brown eggs must be better than white eggs because they're more expensive. But that's not the case. The reason brown eggs cost more is because brown chickens are a bit bigger in size and also have a big appetite(食欲). These brown-feathered chickens eat more and hens are expensive to keep.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Brown and white eggs taste different Yes, they do. 4The chickens are fed a different kind of food, which impacts(影响) the quality and taste of the eggs. The color of the yolk(蛋黄) in brown eggs is much darker, yes. That’s because the more corn they eat, the darker the yolks.
（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. Are brown eggs much better than white ones in nutritional value
2. Why are brown eggs more expensive than white eggs
（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3. _______________________________________________________
4._______________________________________________________
（三）请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
5. _______________________________________________________
答案：1. No, they aren’t.
2. Because they come from brown chickens that eat more that white chickens.
3. 很多人认为棕色鸡蛋一定比白色的蛋更好，因为他们更昂贵。
4. 用不同的食物来喂鸡，会影响鸡蛋的质量和口味。
5. The difference between brown and white eggs. / What’s the difference between brown and white eggs / Brown eggs or white ones
（七）(淄博2016年模拟试题)
Babies love chocolate and sometimes they also eat the paper around it. My cat enjoys a meal of good, thick paper or old letters, but She doesn’t like newspapers very much.
Of course, the best paper comes from wood. Wood comes from trees and trees are plants. Vegetables and fruit are plants too, and we eat a lot of them. So can we also eat wood or paper
Scientists say, 3 “All food comes in some way from plants.” Well, is that true Animals eat grass and grow fat. Then we eat their meat. Little fish eat sea-plants; and then bigger fish swim along and eat the fish. Chickens eat bits of grass and give us eggs. Think for a minute. What food doesn’t come from plants in some way
Scientists can do wonderful things with plants. They can make food just like meat and cheese (奶酪). 4 And they can make it without the help of animals. It is very good food too. Now they have begun to say, “We make our paper from wood. We can also make food from wood, the next thing is not very difficult.” What is the next thing Perhaps it is food from paper. Scientists say, “We can turn paper into food. It will also be good and cheap food, cheaper than meat or fish or eggs.”
So please keep your old books and letters. (Don’t feed them to your cat) One day, soon, they will be on your plate. There is nothing like a good story for breakfast.
(一) 根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. What does the best paper come from
________________________________________________________
2. What can scientists do wonderful things with
___________________________________________________________
（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3. __________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________
(三) 请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
75. __________________________________________________________
答案：1. Wood. / It comes from wood.
2. With plants. / Plants. / They can do wonderful things with plants.21cnjy.com
3. 所有食品在某种程度上都来自植物。
4. 而且他们不用动物帮忙就能制作它（食物）。
5. Making / Make Food from Plants/ Wood/ Paper.
（八）(东营市2016年真题)
Every year, more than nine million people all over the world come to visit London.
They go to the museums and theatres; they look at interesting old buildings or have a drink in a park.
A quick and easy way to get to different places in the city is to take an underground train. The London underground is one of the best and most widely used transport networks（网状组织）in the world. The trains run all day and most of the night. (3)You'd better not take the underground between eight o'clock and ten o'clock in the morning, or four o'clock and six o'clock in the afternoon.(4) The trains are so crowded that you can hardly move or find a place to sit.
London's famous red buses form a big part of getting around in London. Although the London underground is the fastest and the simplest way of getting around London, the buses play their part and are an experience you should try at least once. By sitting on the top deck (层) of the bus, you can get a great sightseeing (观光的) experience of London as well.
Some special visitors' buses take you to many of the interesting places in the city on one journey. It takes about one and a half hours, but you can cancel your journey and get off (and on again) at the different places you want to visit.
London taxis are called "black cabs”. Most of them are black, but some are not. You can stop one if it has a "For Hire (供租用的)n sign on it. The drivers are friendly and helpful.
In a word, London is a big and beautiful city with Lots to see and to do. Welcome to London.
A．根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. How many kinds of transportation can visitors use to get around in London List
them.
___________________________________________________________________
2. If you go to visit London, which two kinds of transportation are you going to choose Why
___________________________________________________________________
B．将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3．___________________________________________________________________
4．___________________________________________________________________
C．请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
5．___________________________________________________________________
参考答案：1.They can take four kinds of transportation. They are underground trains，red buses，special visitors' buses and London taxis.
2.Special visitors' buses and London taxis. I take Special visitors' buses because I can cancel my journey and get off (and on again) at the different places I want to visit. I London taxis because the drivers are friendly and helpful.
3.在上午的8:00--10:00和下午的4:00--6：00之间你做好不要乘地铁。
4.地铁里面是如此的拥挤以至于你无法移动找不到位子可坐。
5.Traveling around London.
（九）(菏泽市2016年真题)
William Lindesay，a British traveler and writer，has been exploring the Great Wall—one of the human's most wonderful building projects.Not even a Chinese knows the Great Wall of China as well as he does.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
When，as a schoolboy，Lindesay announced his plan to explore the Great Wall，nobody took him seriously.But Lindesay achieved his goal，by spending 25 years on the Great Wall and has become one of the world's most famous experts on its rich history.Lindesay now lives and works in Beijing.This year his new book has come out，The Great Wall Explained，with a lot of photographs and articles.2-1-c-n-j-y
Running on the Great Wall was a brave trip and Lindesay had already run 3，000 kilometers along it! During those years，he got to many villages along the way.He__was__often__helped__by__friendly__villagers，although__they__didn't__quite__understand__why__the__Englishman__would__have__such__interest__in__the__Great__Wall.
1.Who is William Lindesay
________________________________________________________________.
2.How long did Lindesay spend on the Great Wall
________________________________________________________________.
3.What's the name of his new book about the Great Wall
________________________________________________________________.
4.给短文拟一个恰当的英文标题。
________________________________________________________________.
5.把短文第三自然段中划线的句子译成汉语。
_________________________________________________________________。
参考答案：1．He is a British traveler and writer. 2．For 25 years.
3．The Great Wall Explained
4．William Lindesay(A British traveler and writer/A British man exploring the Great Wall)
5．他经常得到友好的村民的帮助，尽管他们不很理解为什么这个英国人对长城这么感兴趣。
（十）(济宁市2016年真题)
There was a man who had four sons.He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly.So he sent them to go and look at a pear tree far away in turns.
The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall.
When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they had seen.
The first son said that the tree was ugly.The second son said no; it was covered with green leaves, and full of hope.The third son disagreed.He said there were many flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most wonderful thing he had ever seen.The last son disagreed with all of them, he said there was lots of fruit in the tree，full of life and harvest(收获)．
The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life.He told them “You cannot judge a tree, or a person by only one season and its true nature—the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life can only be judged at the end, when all the seasons are up.”21教育网
If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, harvest of your fall.Don't__let__the__pain__of__one__season__kill__the__joy__of__all__the__rest.
1．Why did the man ask his sons to go and look at a pear tree in turns (no more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________.
2．Did the four sons have the same answer (no more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________.
3．What did the man think about his sons' answers (no more than 20 words)
________________________________________________________________.
4．请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________。
5．请给短文拟一个适当的英文题目。
________________________________________________________________.
参考答案：1．Because he wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly.
2．No，they didn’t.
3．He thought they were all right，but they have seen only one season in the tree’s life./ He thought each of his sons had just explained one season of the tree.21·cn·jy·com
4．勿为一时(一季)的痛苦而破坏了所有的(其他季节的)欢乐。
5．Four seasons of a Tree/ Don’t judge a life/person/tree by one season
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