七年级英语Unit 1 A Trip to Beijing Lesson 5–Lesson 8冀教版
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容:
Unit 1 A Trip to Beijing Lesson 5–Lesson 8
1. 单词和短语
Wednesday at chant Friday good-bye home make Monday museum plan Saturday stay Sunday then Thursday Tuesday week with favorite all bear teddy bear clothes forget jacket knee more near need now pack suitcase sure those buy up down excited fun jump love me ready run sorry stand stand up station stop there walk likes
2. 语法
(1)情态动词的用法。
(2)介词用法。
(3)祈使句。
3. 交际用语
(1)How much for a ticket from…to…
(2)There is the train!
(3)Let’s…!
——Please don’t run/jump/sit down!
(4)Have a good trip!
二. 重点、难点分析
1. Could you help me,please 你能帮我个忙吗
I help my mother(to)clean the house every day.
我每天帮助妈妈打扫房子。
My friend often helps me with my English. 我朋友经常帮助我学英语。
名词,“帮助;协助;援助”。如:
Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
They need some help. 他们需要一些援助。
2. favourite
(1)形容词,“最喜欢的;最喜爱的”,与like best同义。如:
His favourite sport is playing football.
=He likes playing football best. 他最喜欢的运动是踢足球。
(2)名词,“特别喜爱的人或物”。如:
This book is the students’ favourite. 这本书是学生最爱读的。
3.(1)“how many+可数名词复数”是对数量进行提问的特殊疑问句;若对不可数名词的数量进行提问,要用“how much+不可数名词”。如:
How many students are there in your class 你们班里有多少学生
How much meat do you want 你想要多少肉
(2)one pair of socks一双袜子
two pairs of shoes两双鞋
ten bottles of pop十瓶汽水
类似短语作主语时,谓语动词的数应与表示数量的词保持一致。如:
This pair of trousers is Linda’s. 这条裤子是琳达的。
The two bowls of noodles are for you. 这两碗面条是给你的。
4. sorry
(1)形容词,“难过的;对不起”。sorry或I’m sorry表示歉意,用于冒犯、冲撞了他人或犯某种过失等场合。如:
I’m sorry I’m late. 对不起,我来晚了。
Sorry, I can’t go with you. 很抱歉,我不能和你一起去了。
(2)与Excuse me辨析
Excuse me为客套语,常用于要走开、插话、打扰别人、问路、询问情况或表示异议等场合。如:
Excuse me,can you tell me the way to the station
劳驾,你能告诉我去火车站的路吗
Excuse me,but I don’t think that’s right.
对不起,不过我认为那是不对的。
how much多少钱,是询问价格的特殊疑问词。how much还可以对不可数名词的数量进行提问,表示多少。如:
How much is the book 这本书多少钱
How much does this coat cost 这件大衣值多少钱
How much bread do you want to buy 你想买多少面包
以副词here,there置于句首的句子,若主语是名词,往往构成主谓倒装,若主语是代词,则主谓不倒装。如:
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Here is your pen. 这是你的钢笔。
Here you are. 给你。
Here it is. 东西在这儿。
5. Have a good trip! 这是一个祈使句,表示祝福、祝愿。类似的句子还有:
Have a good/wonderful time!祝你玩得高兴!
Have a nice weekend!祝你周末愉快!
这两个句子都是祈使句。祈使句是表示命令、请求或劝告等的句子。通常主语是听话者you,习惯上常省略,而由动词原形引出。否定祈使句是在动词原形前
加缩写的don’t。如:
Don’t be late for school. 上学不要迟到。
Don’t play football in the street. 不要在街道上踢足球。
6. have fun in doing sth. 做某事充满乐趣。in是介词,其后要用动词的-ing形式。如:
We will have fun in eating this new kind of food.
我们将充满乐趣的品尝这种新食品。
He has fun in doing sports. 他非常快乐地做运动。
7. 情态动词的用法
情态动词表示说话人的语气和观点。情态动词有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,它必须和表示动作或状态的不带to的不定式连用,构成复合谓语。情态动词只有情态意义,即它表示说话人对动作的观点,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。本单元主要讲解情态动词can,may的用法。
can的用法
(1)表示能力“会、能”等。如: ‘
Can you drive a car 你会开车吗
She can sing many songs. 她会唱很多歌。
(2)表示“建议”或“请求”,可用Can I… 或Can you… 等结构,语气较客气。如:
Can I go shopping today,Mum 妈妈,我今天可以去购物吗
Can I borrow your bike 我可以借你的自行车用一下吗
(3)表示可能性,“可能”。如:
I’m busy. So I can’t go there with you.
我很忙,我不可能同你到那儿去。
They can keep the books for two weeks. 他们可以保存这些书两个星期。
(4)表示“允许”或“请求允许”,其意思相当于may(可以),但can比may用得更广泛。can不仅表示说话人同意、允许,还可表示客观条件的许可。may通常表示说话人的许可。如:
You can’t play football here. 你不能在这儿踢足球。
Can(Could)I ask you a question 我可以问你一个问题吗
(could比can语气委婉)
(5)can的否定式是直接在can后加not,可缩写为can’t;一般疑问句式是把can提前,位于句首,肯定回答:Yes,…can,否定回答:No…. can’t。如:
I can play football.
I can’t play football. (否定句)
—Can you play football (一般疑问句及其回答)
—Yes,I can. /—No,I can’t.
may的用法
(1)表示客气或委婉的请求时用may,回答时也用may就会显得冷淡、不客气,所以应用热情、客气的答语。如:
—May I come in 我可以进来吗
—Yes,please. 可以,请进。
—May I borrow your pencil 我可以借你的铅笔用一下吗
—Sure,here you are. 当然可以。给你。
(2)表示“可以”,即表示说话人同意、许可或在疑问句中征求对方的许可。其否定式为may not,疑问式为把may置于句首。肯定回答为Yes… may,否定回答多为No…. must not(mustn’t)。因为否定回答表示“不可以”“不许”“禁止”“阻止”等意思,所以不用No…. may not。如:
May the children play football in the street 孩子们可以在街上踢足球吗
Yes, they may. /No,they mustn’t. 是的,可以踢。/不,禁止在街上踢。
(3)表示可能。用来表示一件事或许会发生,或是某种情况可能会发生。通常只用于肯定或否定陈述句中,而不用在疑问句中。如:
It may rain today. 今天可能下雨。
She may be there tomorrow. 她明天可能在那儿。
They may not go to the park this morning. 今天上午他们可能不去公园了。
8. 祈使句
祈使句是表示请求、命令、建议等的句子,通常也称“无主句”。说话的对象是第二人称you,you常被省略。句末可以用感叹号也可以用句号。
(1)肯定祈使句
这种祈使句是初中英语中常见的句式之一,有时为了加强语气,在动词前加do或在祈使句末尾加上呼语。有时为了表达客气的语气,常在句首或句尾加please;在句尾加时,要用逗号与句子的前部分隔开。如:
Listen to me. 听我说。
Please say it again more slowly. 请再说慢点。
Keep quiet,please. 请保持安静。
Do come here on time tomorrow. 明天请一定准时来。
(2)祈使句的否定式:祈使句的否定式在句首加上don’t,有时加never。如:
Don’t be late for school. 上学别迟到。
Don’t say like that.不要那样说。
Never go there again. 千万别再去那儿了。
(3)以let引导的祈使句
以let引导的祈使句表示建议或表明说话人的态度。如果说话人也参加所讲的动作,则在祈使句前加let’s。如:
Let me have a glass of water. 让我喝杯水吧。
Let them go with us. 让他们和我们一起去吧。
Let’s go out for a walk. 咱们去散步吧。
【模拟试题】(答题时间:30分钟)
I. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词
1. The boy is very e___________ when he meets the great singer.
2. Come on,supper is r________.
3. I want to buy the t_______ to the football match.
4. Beijing is my f________ city.
5. Look! Danny is s_______ on a box. He is very tired.
II. 选择填空
1. —Do you like the food today
—Yes,______.
A. it’s nice B. it’s not good C. it’s too much D. it isn’t
2. How____________ apples can you see
A. many B. much C. any D. an
3. ________do it like this.
A. Not B. No C. Don’t D. Do not
4. I want________ see my friend_________ the afternoon.
A. for,on B. to,in C. to,with D. of at
5. —___________
—It’s eleven o’clock.
A. What is your watch B. What day is it
C. What the time is D. What time is it
6. I want to________. Can you come ________ me
A. shopping,with B. go shopping,with
C. do the shopping,and D. go the shopping,on
7. —________do you come to school
—By bike.
A. Which B. What C. Where D. How
8. —__________
—About twenty yuan.
A. How much is it B. What time is it
C. How many are there D. How old are you
9. They have fun ___________ playing games.
A. of B. on C. in D. at
10. —Can you help me
—____________
A. Sure B. Thanks C. Oh D. Goodbye
III. 句型转换
1. You need to hand in(上交)your homework. (改为否定句)
You ____________ to hand in your homework.
2. I like red best. (改为同义句)
Red is my__________ _________.
3. I have five bags of milk. (就划线部分提问)
__________ __________bags of milk _________ you have
4. Mary often helps her mother do the housework. (改为同义句)
Mary often _______ her mother ________ the housework.
5. I’m packing my suitcase with my clothes. (就划线部分提问)
_______are you________
IV. 用适当的介词填空
1. His family are going ________ a trip to Xinjiang.
2. Can you say the numbers _______ one _________ one hundred in English
3. The students go to the park bus.
4. The little baby likes to stay ________ her mother.
5. This pair ______ socks isn’t Li Lei’s.
6. We have a week ________ our trip to Beijing.
7. The visitors arrive_____ the big city,Xi’an.
8. When is your birthday _______ June 3rd.
9. We are leaving ________ the USA tomorrow.
10. The teacher is talking ________ her students.
【试题答案】
I.1. excited 2. ready 3. ticket 4. favourite 5. sitting
II.1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D
6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. A
III.1. don’t need 2. favourite colour 3. How many do
4. helps with 5. What doing
IV.1. on 2. from to 3. by 4. with 5. of
6. for 7. in 8. On 9. for 10. to/with