(共35张PPT)
Unit 2
Travelling around the world
Oxford English
Module 1 People and places
Grammar
表示人、事物、地点、现象及抽象概念的名称的词。
名 词
语法专讲一
Nouns
如：Daming,book,France,rain,Sunday...
专有名词(Proper Nouns)
普通名词
(Common Nouns)
个体名词(Individual Nouns)
集体名词(Collective Nouns)
物质名词(Material Nouns)
抽象名词(Abstract Nouns)
不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)
可数名词(Countable Nouns)
名词的种类
专有名词 Proper nouns
表示具体的人或事物、地点、机构、团体、国家、节日等名称的词叫专有名词。
专有名词分为带冠词的专有名词和不带冠词的专有名词两种。
例如：
Beijing
Tom
the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)
the Great Wall(长城)
不带冠词的专有名词 例句
表示人名、尊称和头衔的名词 Mike 迈克Mr Green 格林先生 Mum 妈妈 Miss Li 李小姐
2) 表示周日、月份和节日的名词 Monday 星期一
January 一月
Children’s Day 儿童节
Women’s Day 妇女节
National’Day 国庆节
New Year’s Eve 除夕
Mother’s Day 母亲节
4)表示地理和地理名称的名词 USA 美国 Africa 非洲 Shanghai 上海 Guilin 桂林
需要带冠词的专有名词
1.普通名词或形容词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词the。
the United Nations
联合国
the Summer Palace
颐和园
the People’s Hall
人民大会堂
the Great Wall
长城
2.由“普通名词＋专有名词”或“专有名词＋普通名词”构成的专有名词前要加定冠词the。
the Communist Party of China 中国共产党
the New York Times 《纽约时报》
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
3.在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、运河、群岛、平原或沙漠等专有名词之前要加定冠词the。
the Yellow River 黄河
the West Lake 西湖
the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Xisha Islands 西沙群岛
the North China Plain 华北平原
the Himalayas喜马拉雅山
the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠
4.表示时代、朝代的专有名词前要加定冠词the。
the Tang Dynasty 唐代
the Warring States Period战国时期
5.在某些旅馆、建筑物的名词前要加定冠词the。
the Blue Sky Hotel 蓝天宾馆
the Great Wall 长城
the Museum of Chinese History
中国历史博物馆
6.在表示报纸、杂志或书籍名称的名词前要加定冠词the。
the Reader’s Digest《读者文摘》
the Times 《泰晤士报》
the People’s Daily 《人民日报》
the Twenty-first Century 《21世纪》
7.在指“一家人”或“某某夫妇”的专有名词前要加定冠词the。
the Whites 怀特一家人
the Greens格林夫妇
the Reads瑞得一家人
Names of people Sally Webb, Mrs Jacob, Xiao Ling
Names of places France, the Louvre Museum, the Beijing Railway Station
Organizations the Red Cross, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization
Days of the week Tuesday, Friday, Sunday
Months January, March, September
Holidays the Spring Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, Christmas
We use a proper noun to refer to the name of a
particular person,place,organzation or time.
A proper noun starts with a (capital letter / small letter)
A
west
earth
main road
great wall
A1 Look at the two lists below. What is the difference between the nouns in list A and list B Can you think of some more examples
A
west
earth
main road
great wall
A
west
earth
main road
great wall
西部，西方
陆地，地表
干道
巨大的墙
B
the West
the Earth
52 Main Road
the Great Wall
西方国家
地球
52大道
长城
Last july, I went to beijing to visit uncle zhang. He took me to many interesting places such as the great wall, the summer palace and the palace museum. I learnt a lot about the ming
July
Beijing
Uncle Zhang
the Great Wall
the Summer Palace
the Palace museum
Ming
A2 Read the passage below. Some of the nouns should begin with a capital letter. Underline these nouns and write the correct nouns above them.
and the qing dynasties. We also visited themain stadium for the 2008 olympics. We went shopping on wangfujing street. I had a wonderful time in beijing and I plan to visit it again during the spring festival next year.
Olympics
Wangfujing Street
Beijing
the Spring Festival
Qing Dynasties
连词conjunction）是用来连接单词、短语或句子的词。
连词
语法专讲二
Conjunctions: and, but and so
如：and和
but但是
so 所以
连词and的用法
and的意思是__________，表示_____关系，可以连接并列的单词，短语和分句。当有多个并列的单词或短语时，and要放在最后两个之间。如果两个分句的主语相同，则第二个分句的主语可以省略。
“和，并且”
并列
例如：
You and I are going there.
I like bananas and pears.
She can sing and swim.
He is tall and cool.
Practice:
将下列各句用and连接起来：
1. I am pretty. I am slim.
____________________________
2. She is good at math . She is good at English.
_____________________________________
3. Bob can play soccer. He can play baseball, too.
________________________________________
She is good at math and English.
I am pretty and slim.
Bob can play soccer and baseball.
but的用法
but的意思是________，表示______关系，连接两个含义相对或相反的单词，短语或分句。如果两个分句的主语相同，则第二个分句的主语可以省略。
“但是”
转折
例如：
I am short but slim.
She likes bananas ,
but she doesn't like pears.
She can sing ,but she can’t swim.
Practice:
单选。
1 My aunt doesn’t like cats___ dogs.
A. but B. or C. and D. not
2 Mary ___ Lucy told him to come to see us.
A. or B. and C. with D. nor
3 Hurry up, ____ we'll be late for the film.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
4 Be quick, ____ we'll be late.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
5 We ran to the trees, ___ we couldn't see any birds.
A. but B. so C. and D. for
B
B
D
B
A
连词so的用法
并列连词so表示 ________ 之意，常用来连接两个简单句，这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。
“因此、所以”
例如：
The rain began to fall,so we went home.天开始下雨了，所以我们就回家了。
He was ill,so he didn't go to school (本句是一个由并列连词so连接的并列句）
We use ________ to mean “also”.
We use ________ to show a different idea.
We use ________ to show a result.
and
but
so
There are many vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.
A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday, but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the moutains in the French Alps.
France has something for everyone, so why not visit France this year
We use the conjunctions and, but and so to link two sentences. They show different relationships between the sentences.
Hi Natee,
My name is Mandy. I found your email address on an e-friend website, (and / but) I’d like to be friends with you.
I’m from Beijing, China, (and / so) I’m thirteen years old. My mum is a teacher, (and / so) my dad is a doctor. My grandparents live in Chengdu. They come to visit us every year, (and / but) they always
Mandy is writing an email to Natee, a boy from Thailand. Circle the correct words.
bring me a lot of delicious Sichuan food!
I live far away from my school, (but / so) I have to get up early in the morning. I like Maths and English very much, (but / so) I don’t like Science. I want to be a teacher in the future, (but / so) I’m studying hard at school.I’m interested in Thai culture, (and / but) I love Thai food. I hope to visit Thailand one day.
I hope we can be friends. Write to me soon
(and / but) tell me about yourself.
Best wishes,
Mandy
注意：
1.用于否定句或疑问句中连接并列成分，不用___________,用___________.
and
or
She can sing and swim.她会唱歌也会跳舞。
She can’t sing or swim.她不会唱歌也不会跳舞。
注意：
2.but表示转折关系, 注意but不能和though/although用在同一个句子里。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like sports. 她喜欢唱歌，但是她不喜欢运动。
He loves the story, but I don’t love it. 他喜欢这个故事，但是我不喜欢。
Though he loves the story, but I don’t love it. (语法错误)
注意：
3.so表示因果关系，注意so不能和because用在同一个句子里。如：
He got up late, so he didn’t catch the school bus. 他起晚了，所以没有赶上校车。
He is fat, so he can’t run fast. 他很胖，所以他跑不快。
Because he is fat, so he can’t run fast. (语法错误)
连词and，but还有or，
前后一致用and，
前后转折用but，
选择疑问要用or，
否定疑问，
and要变or。
记忆口诀
（ ）1. I’d like to go with you, ____I’m too busy. (2014北京)
A. or B. and C. so D. but
（ ）2. Diana isn’t here, ____ I leave a message on her desk. (2014河北)
A. or B. so C. and D. but
（ ）3. Read this article, ____you will understand that not everything can be bought with money. (2014苏州)
A. or B. and C. but D. so
中考链接登陆21世纪教育 助您教考全无忧
牛津深圳版七下 Unit 2 Travelling around the world Grammar:专有名词和连词同步练习
【知识要点】
☆专有名词 Proper nouns的定义：
表示具体的人或事物、地点、机构、团体、国家、节日等名称的词叫专有名词。专有名词分为带冠词的专有名词和不带冠词的专有名词两种。
如：Beijing；Tom；the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国) ；the Great Wall(长城)【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
☆专有名词的分类：
1.不带冠词的专有名词：
1）表示人名、尊称和头衔的名词。例如：
Mike 迈克Mr Green 格林先生 Mum 妈妈 Miss Li 李小姐
2）表示周日、月份和节日的名词。例如：
Monday 星期一 January 一月 Children’s Day 儿童节
Women’s Day 妇女节 National’Day 国庆节
New Year’s Eve 除夕 Mother’s Day 母亲节
3）表示地理和地理名称的名词。例如：
USA 美国 Africa 非洲 Shanghai 上海 Guilin 桂林
2.需要带冠词的专有名词
1）普通名词或形容词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词the。例如：
the United Nations 联合国21·cn·jy·com
the Summer Palace 颐和园
the People’s Hall 人民大会堂
2）由“普通名词＋专有名词”或“专有名词＋普通名词”构成的专有名词前要加定冠词the。例如：
the Communist Party of China 中国共产党 2·1·c·n·j·y
the New York Times 《纽约时报》
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 2-1-c-n-j-y
3）在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、运河、群岛、平原或沙漠等专有名词之前要加定冠词the。例如：
the Yellow River 黄河 21*cnjy*com
the West Lake 西湖
the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
the Xisha Islands 西沙群岛
the North China Plain 华北平原
the Himalayas喜马拉雅山
the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠
4）表示时代、朝代的专有名词前要加定冠词the。例如：
the Tang Dynasty 唐代21教育网
the Warring States Period战国时期
5）在某些旅馆、建筑物的名词前要加定冠词the。例如：
the Blue Sky Hotel 蓝天宾馆21cnjy.com
the Great Wall 长城
the Museum of Chinese History 中国历史博物馆 21教育名师原创作品
6）在表示报纸、杂志或书籍名称的名词前要加定冠词the。例如：
the Reader’s Digest《读者文摘》21*cnjy*com
the Red Star Over China 《西行漫记》
the People’s Daily 《人民日报》www-2-1-cnjy-com
the Twenty-first Century 《21世纪》
7）在指“一家人”或“某某夫妇”的专有名词前要加定冠词the。例如：
the Whites 怀特一家人 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
the Greens格林夫妇
the Reads瑞得一家人
翻译。
1．长城____________________ 2．巴黎_______________________
3．格林一家________________ 4．母亲节________________
5．布朗夫人________________ 6.美国_______________________
7.汤姆·斯密斯______________ 8.《时代》_______________________
单选。
1. I bought Granny a present, _____she didn’t like it.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
2.Maria didn’t catch the last bus, ______she had to walk home.
A. because B. so C. but D. and
3. The old woman can’t read ________ write.
A. and B. or C. but D. and can
4. Money is important ______ it’s not the most important thing.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
5.Work hard，_______ you’11 pass the English exam this time.
A. or B. but C. because D. and
6. He is rich, ________ he isn’t happy.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
7. Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, ______ at last she succeeded.
A. so B. or C. but D. and【版权所有：21教育】
8. Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined (罚款).【出处：21教育名师】
A. or B. and C. but D. then
9. You'd better wake up Tom at 6:30, ______you will be late for the match.
A. if B. or C. and D. but
10.Help others whenever you can _______ you’ll make the world a nicer place to live.
A. and B. or C. unless D. But
选词填空。
and, or, but, so
1. Mary _________May are my sisters.
2. He studies very hard _________ he gets good grades every time.21世纪教育网版权所有
3. I looked everywhere, _________ I could not find my pink sweater.
4. We can drive into the city, _________ we can take the bus.
5. He did not have enough money for a soda and chips, _________ he just bought a soda.
6. I wanted to call you last night, _________ my brother was on the phone.
7. Tim _________ Matt went to a basketball game with their grandpa.21·世纪*教育网
8. There was no food in the refrigerator, _________ we ordered a pizza.
牛津深圳版七下 Unit 2 Travelling around the world Grammar:专有名词和连词同步练习
答案
一、
the Great Wall 2.Paris 3.the Greens 4.Mothers’ Day
5.Mrs Brown 6.America 7.Tom·Smith 8.The Times
二、1-5 ABBBD 6-10 ADABA
三、1.and 2.so 3.but 4.or 5.so 6.but 7.and 8.so www.21-cn-jy.com
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 2 页 （共 2 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网
