(共53张PPT)
2017鲁教英语基础知识
备考必备
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
八年级上册
Units 5、6
【重点单词】
Unit 5
1. _____ (n. )米; 公尺
2. _____ (adj. )深的; 纵深的
3. __________ (n. )人口; 人口数量
4. _______ (adj. )古代的; 古老的
meter
deep
population
ancient
5. _____ (adj. )厚的; 浓的
6. _________ (n. )条件; 状况
7. _____ (n. )力; 力量
8. _____ (n. )大海; 海洋
9. _____ (n. )出生; 诞生
10. _____ (n. & adj. )成人; 成年动
物; 成年的; 成人的
thick
condition
force
ocean
birth
adult
11. ________ (n. & v. )研究; 调查
12. ___________ (n. )政府; 内阁
13. _____ (adj. )巨大的; 极多的
research
government
huge
Unit 6
14. ________ (n. )珠宝; 财富
15. ______ (n. )岛
16. _____ (n. & v. )迹象; 记号; 分
数; 做记号; 打分
17. _______ (prep. )朝; 向; 对着
treasure
island
mark
towards
18. _______ (adv. )永远
19. _______ (adv. )在国外; 到国外
20. ___ (n. )迷; 狂热爱好者
forever
abroad
fan
【词汇拓展】
1. Asia (n. ) →_____ (adj. )亚洲(人)的
2. tour (n. ) →______ (n. )旅行者; 观光者
3. protect (v. ) →_________ (n. )保护; 保卫
4. achieve (v. ) →___________ (n. )成就; 成绩
Asian
tourist
protection
achievement
5. succeed (v. ) →_______ (n. )成功
→_________ (adj. )成功的
→__________ (adv. )成功地
6. nature (n. ) →_______ (adj. )自然的
7. weigh (v. ) →______ (n. )重量
8. keep (v. ) →______ (n. )饲养员; 保管人
success
successful
successfully
natural
weight
keeper
9. wake (v. ) →______ (adj. )醒着的
10. excite (v. ) →__________ (n. )激动; 兴奋
→______ (adj. )激动的
→_______ (adj. )令人激动的
11. ill (adj. ) →______ (n. )疾病
12. France (n. ) →_______ (n. )法语
→_______ (adj. )法国的; 法国 人的
awake
excitement
excited
exciting
illness
French
French
13. south (n. ) →________ (adj. )南方的
14. laugh (v. ) →________ (n. )笑; 笑声
15. beauty (n. ) →________ (adj. )美丽的; 漂亮
的
→__________ (adv. )漂亮地
southern
laughter
beautiful
beautifully
【短语快译】
1. (可以)随便(做某事) _______
2. 就我所知 ______________
3. 吸入; 吞入(体内) ______
4. 面对(问题、困难等) ___________
5. 即使; 虽然 ___________
(=______)
feel free
as far as I know
take in
in the face of
even though
even if
6. 出生时 _______
7. 到达(某数量、程度等); 至多有; 不多于
_____
8. 走路时撞着 ________
9. 绊倒 ________
10. 满是……的; (有)大量的; (有)丰富的
______
at birth
up to
walk into
fall over
full of
11. 赶快; 急忙(做某事) ________
12. 自从 _________
13. 属于 ________
14. 互相 ___________
15. 数以百万计的 _________
hurry up
ever since
belong to
one another
millions of
【句式填写】
1. 世界上最高的山是什么
What’s ___ _______ _________ in the world
2. ——珠穆朗玛峰有多高
—_____ ____ is Qomolangma
——它8, 844. 43米高。它比其他任何一座山都高。
—It’s 8, 844. 43 ______ ____. It’s ______ than ____
_____ mountain.
the
highest
mountain
How
high
meters
high
higher
any
other
3. 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗
Did you know that China is ____ __ ___ ______
________ in the world
4. 据我所知, 再也没有像它这样大的人造物体了。
___ ___ __ I know, there are no man-made objects as
big as this.
one
of
the
oldest
countries
As
far
as
5. ——你读过《小妇人》吗
—_____ you ____ Little Women ___
——是的, 我读过。/不, 我没读过。
—____ , I _____ . /___ , I _______ .
6. 从那时起她就成了一个美国乡村音乐迷了。
_____ _____ ____ , she ___ _____ a fan of American
country music.
Have
read
yet
Yes
have
No
haven’t
Ever
since
then
has
been
考点一
Qomolangma is 8, 844. 43 meters high.
珠穆朗玛峰海拔8 844. 43米。
长/宽/高/深……的表达
【知识构建】
(1)若计量表达用作表语, 则用“数字+量词(单、复数)+形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”结构。对计量进行提问要用句型: How +形容词+ be +主语. . .
The road is about five kilometers long, four meters wide.
这条路大约五千米长, 四米宽。
(2)若计量表达用作前置定语, 则用复合形容词, 即“数字-量词(单数)-形容词(long/wide/high/deep等)”来表达。
This is a 20-meter-high sculpture.
这是一座20米高的雕像。
【即学活用】
①这座大桥300米长。
The bridge is ____ ______ ____.
②那个小男孩掉进了100米深的井里。
The boy fell into a ______________ well.
300
meters
long
100-meter-deep
考点二
China has the biggest population in the world.
中国拥有世界上最多的人口。
population n. 人口; 人口数量
【知识构建】population的三考点
(1)population是集合名词, 指人口总数, 常与定冠词the连用, 作主语时, 谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式, 如果表示个体概念, 被分数或百分数修饰时, 谓语动词用复数。
(2)表示人口“多”用large/big, “少”用small; 不用many/much/few/little等修饰。
The population of China is much larger/bigger than that of Japan. 中国人口远超日本。
(3)询问人口数量时, 一般要用What’s the population of. . . 相当于How large is the population of. . .
What’s the population of China 中国的人口有多少
【巧学妙记】巧记population的用法口诀
population指“人口”;
提问它用what, 不用how many/how much;
人口多用large, 人口少用small;
人口增加用grow, 人口减少就用fall。
【即学活用】
①淄博有多少人口
___________________________
②选词填空 bigger, more
The population of Beijing is ______ than that of
Jinan.
What’s the population of Zibo
bigger
考点三
The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 第一支中国队1960年登顶, 然而于1975年第一个登顶的女性是来自日本的田部井淳子。
succeed v. 实现目标; 成功
【词义辨析】“成功”的不同
succeed v. 成功 succeed in doing sth.
“成功做某事”
success n. 成功 表示抽象意义的“成功”, 是不可数名词; 表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 是可数名词
successful adj.
成功的 be successful in doing sth.
“成功地做某事”
successfully adv.
成功地 用来修饰动词
【即学活用】
用succeed的适当形式填空
①We have already _________ in working out that
math problem.
②We were amazed by the play’s _______ .
③Do you think Mr Green is a _________ man
④We __________ got to the top of Mount Huang in
the end.
succeeded
success
successful
successfully
考点四
Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous
尽管是如此危险, 为什么那么多人还是想方设法攀登这座山呢
even though 即使; 虽然
【词义辨析】even though/if与as if/though的用法辨析
even though/if 即使, 虽然 引导让步状语从句时, even if引导的从句含有强烈的假定性; even though则多以从句的内容为前提
as if/though 似乎, 好像 ①在look, seem等系动词后引导表语从句
②引导方式状语从句, 多用虚拟语气表示非真实的情况
【即学活用】
①他说话的口气好像他全部都已经知道了。
He talks __ __ he knew all about it.
②Many farmers kept on working in the field
____ _______ (即使)it got dark.
as
if
even though/if
考点五
This elephant weighs 5, 000 kilos.
这头大象重达5 000千克。
weigh v. 重量是……; 称……的重量
【知识构建】weigh的不同用法
【即学活用】
①这块巨石重达一百万吨。
This huge stone ______ up to one million tons.
②You have grown in ______ (weigh).
weighs
weight
考点六
Many songs these days are just about modern life in
the US, such as the importance of money and success,
but not about belonging to a group.
当今很多歌曲仅仅是关于美国现代生活的, 例如金钱和
成功的重要性, 而不是属于哪个群体的。
belong v. 属于; 归属
【知识构建】
(1)不能用于进行时、被动语态, 常用于动词短语belong to, 意为“属于; 归属”, 其中to为介词, 后跟名词或代词。
(2)belong to sb. 常可与“be+名词性物主代词/名词所有格”进行替换。
The Porsche belongs to the woman next door.
这辆保时捷是隔壁那个女人的。
She belongs to the school computer club.
她是学校计算机俱乐部的成员。
【误区警示】
belong to后不可接人称代词主格、名词性物主代词或名词所有格。
【即学活用】
①(2015·宜昌中考)The fantastic world surely _______
(属于)to young people and the future.
②I think the ruler is Tom’s. (改为同义句)
I think the ruler _______ __ Tom.
belongs
belongs
to
考点七
Have you introduced this singer/writer to others
你曾把这位歌手或作家介绍给其他人吗
introduce v. 介绍; 引见
【知识构建】
(1)introduce sb. /sth. 介绍某人/某事
Allow me to introduce Dr Li.
请允许我介绍这位李大夫。
It’s my pleasure to introduce tonight’s speaker.
我很荣幸来介绍今晚的演讲者。
(2)introduce sb. to. . . 把某人介绍给……
Let me introduce my friend to you.
让我把我的朋友介绍给你。
(3)introduce oneself自我介绍
Hello, let me introduce myself.
你好, 让我来自我介绍一下。
【即学活用】
①你已经把这位新同学介绍给其他人了吗
Have you __________ the new student __ others
②Do you know how to introduce _______ (you) in
English
introduced
to
yourself
【备选要点】
考点一
The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
这些登山者的精神向我们表明: 我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。
achieve v. 达到; 完成; 成功
【词义辨析】achieve/realize/come true用法辨析
achieve 用作及物动词, 主语是人, 宾语一般是dream, plan等
realize 用作及物动词, 主语是人, 但多用于被动结构中
come true 不及物动词短语, 主语一般是dream, prediction, plan等
I can achieve my dream with your help.
=My dream can come true with your help.
有你的帮助我会实现我的梦想。
Her plan was realized in the end.
她的计划最终实现了。
选词填空
achieve, realize, come true
①There are many people who will work hard to
_____________ these goals.
②I’m afraid his plan won’t _________easily.
achieve/realize
come true
考点二
When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over !
当这些熊猫宝宝看到饲养员时, 它们兴奋地冲过去。有的甚至撞着朋友而摔倒。
fall over 绊倒
【知识构建】
(1)fall over用作不及物动词, 意为“绊倒; 跌倒”。
The boy walked into a desk and fell over.
那个男孩撞上桌子跌倒了。
(2)fall over还可用作及物动词, 意为“被……绊倒”。
The lady fell over a stone.
那位女士被石头绊倒了。
【归纳拓展】常见fall短语还有哪些
fall down跌倒 fall off从……上摔下来
fall asleep入睡 fall into落入; 掉入
fall behind落后 fall ill生病
fall in love with. . . 爱上, 喜欢上……
【即学活用】
选词填空
fell down, fell off, fell over
①The old lady _______ a stick on the ground.
②Jim ______ a wall and broke his left arm.
③The floor was too wet, so some children ________
this morning.
fell over
fell off
fell down
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鲁教八上Units5、6经典练习
一、单项填空(10分)
( )1.I was still ________ till ten last night.
A．awake B．wake C．woke D．waking
( )2.—________ the population of Hong Kong
—Seven million people.
A．How is B．How much is
C．What are D．What is
( )3.He fell ________ from the tree and hurt himself.
A．over B．on C．out D．off
( )4.________ of the teachers in our school is about two hundred and two thirds of them are ________．
A．The number；woman teachers
B．The number；women teachers
C．A number；woman teachers
D．A number；women teachers
( )5.________ I know，there are no man－made objects as big as the Great Wall in China.
A．As far as B．As long as
C．As well as D．As much as
( )6.—Would you like ________ to drink
—Yes，I' d like a cup of coffee.
A．something else B．else something
C．anything else D．else anything
( )7.—Has she finished her homework yet
—________．She finished it ten minutes ago.
A．No，she has B．Yes，she does
C．Yes，she has D．No，she hasn't
( )8.The music made her ________ of her friends.
A．to think B．thinking
C．thought D．think
( )9.________ I have lost everything，________ I have not lost my life.
A．Although；/ B．Although；but
C．Because；so D．/；/
( )10.—________？
—It's boring.
A．What's the book about
B．How is the weather
C．When is the book sold
D．What's the book like
二、完形填空(10分)
As we all know，Charles Dickens is considered(被认为)to be a great English writer.He's very famous not only in Britain，but also in many other ____1____ in the world.He was born in 1812 and he lived in London.He wrote lots of books，and he also liked ____2____．He was an actor.
Maybe it's interesting to hear that and that's ____3____ his books were so good.He gave public readings of his stories that were very popular.His stories first came out in a magazine，in parts.People always wanted ____4____ part.He wrote a lot，and most of them are popular.There are ____5____ films and plays of them：Oliver Twist became a famous musical play，and Great Expectations was a wonderful ____6____．Dickens' early life was very hard.His family was poor，and his mother sent him out to work in a factory when he was 12.He ____7____ it，but he used his experiences in his writing.He continued(继续) to write ____8____ he died.When he died in 1870，he was ____9____ a story.But what a pity! We'll never know ____10____ it ended.
( )1.A.cities B．countries C．towns D．villages
( )2.A.reading B．writing C．acting D．playing
( )3.A.what B．how C．when D．why
( )4.A.the next B．next
C．next to D．next time
( )5.A.too B．either C．yet D．also
( )6.A.book B．story C．play D．film
( )7.A.hated B．enjoyed C．wanted D．shamed
( )8.A.as B．while C．until D．since
( )9.A.drawing B．singing
C．writing D．making
( )10.A.what B．how C．who D．which
三、阅读理解(10分)
There is a saying that 10% of the fishers out there catch 90% of the fish.One of the reasons for this is that many of us out there just simply do not know what to look for when we go fishing.
Finding a place for fishing is the most important of all.All beaches are different.Some are just flat sandy bottoms and in most cases they have very little to offer the fisherman.Others may look as though they are flat and lifeless but have a drop off just off the shore (a gutter) and this is a good attractant for fish.If you are fishing at a new place，then it is often wiser to look for good fishing places.Many fish are always on the move，looking for food.You can't wait for them to come to you.If you know you are in a good fishing place，for example，where you see other people catching fish or have caught some，then it might be a good place for you to fish.21世纪教育网版权所有
However，remember patience is the most important thing while fishing.Being quiet is nearly as important as being patient.The bigger the fish is，the more frightened it will be.Noise can scare fish away or make them stop eating the bait (鱼饵)．Conversation is OK，but jumping or running is not.
Fish may hit the bait，so it's difficult for you to make sure if they eat it.If you see the bobber (浮子) go under the water，it usually means the fish has taken the bait in its mouth.Then it is time for you to pull your pole out of water quickly.
( )1.Why are many fish always on the move
A．They like swimming around.
B．They are looking for food.
C．They are playing in the water.
D．They are looking for a safe place.
( )2.What is the most important thing when fishing 21教育名师原创作品
A．A good place. B．Being quiet.
C．Being patient. D．Being quick.
( )3.Which of the following is not allowed while fishing
①making noise ②talking ③jumping ④running
A．①②④ B．①③④
C．②③④ D．①②③④
( )4.What is the most difficult during fishing
A．Finding a place to fish.
B．Looking for fish food.
C．Making sure if the fish eat the bait.
D．Pulling the pole out of water.
( )5.After reading the passage，we know ________．
A．where to find a good place for fishing
B．when we can go fishing
C．some good ways for fishing
D．the importance of fishing
四、单词拼写(5分)
1．What an a________ sight! I've never seen it before.www-2-1-cnjy-com
2．The Sahara is the biggest d________ in the world.
3．—What's the book about
—It's science f________ about UFO.
4．He is from France and he can speak F________ very well.
5．Her daughter enjoys traveling by s________ on the sea.
五、选词填空(10分)
从方框中选出恰当的单词填入空白处，使短文内容通顺。有两个多余选项。
performance，safe，fear，location，thousands，delicious，
whether，cooler，riding，friendly，smiling，simply
Have you ever been to Thailand It is a country in Southeast Asia.Every year，____1____ of tourists come to visit it.
Thailand is called “Land of Smiles” because people here are very ____2____．And it's true! When you eat in the restaurants in Bangkok，the waiters are really nice and they are always ____3____．Thai food is ____4____，but it is sometimes a little spicy(辛辣的)．Maybe you ____5____ that you won't be able to find anything to eat.In fact，you can get Chinese food here.____6____ you like sweet Chinese food or hot Chinese food，you'll find it in Thailand.
In Thailand，you can have a nice experience of ____7____ an elephant.And you can watch the wonderful elephant ____8____ whenever you want.
The weather has been very hot because of its special ____9____．Yesterday it rained and got a little ____10____．But today it's hot again.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
六、阅读表达(10分)
阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。
The aim of students who come to school is to study.But to study requires a right way，or you waste either the time or the money.The following are the ways of studying.
The best time for reading is morning，because in the morning，the air is fresh and the mind is clear.For that reason，we can get good result.
?In__studying__we__must__have__patience.If we have not known a text well，we must read it again.We should not read the next one till we have learned the first one.
?When__we__are__studying，we__must__put__our__hearts__into__the__book，or we can get nothing from the book while we are reading.2·1·c·n·j·y
We must always ask “why”．If it is not well understood，write it down and ask our teachers or our parents，or friends.In any possible way，we must know it completely and what we've learned can be used well and made better.
Though there are many ways for studying，yet the above mentioned will be quite enough if we can keep them in heart and do so.
(一)根据短文内容回答下列问题。
1．What's the main idea of the passage
________________________________________________________________________
2．Why must we always ask “why” in our study
________________________________________________________________________
(二)将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
3．________________________________________________________________________
4．________________________________________________________________________
(三)给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
5．________________________________________________________________________
七、完成句子
1．在这座山顶呼吸很难。
It is hard to ________ ________ the air on the top of the mountain.【出处：21教育名师】
2．从那时起，他就是美国乡村歌曲的歌迷。
________ ________ ________，he has been a fan of American country music.
3．史密斯一家需要一个更大些的房子住。
The Smiths need a larger house ________ ________ ________． 【版权所有：21教育】
4．它比世界上别的任何山都高得多。
________________________________________________________________________
八、书面表达(15分)
英语角本周活动的主题是“My favorite star”，请你根据下面的提示，以此活动的主题为题目，写一篇记叙文描述一位你最喜爱的明星。21·cn·jy·com
提示：
1．简单介绍你所喜爱的名人；
2．你喜欢这位名人的理由；
3．你从他/她的身上能学到什么？
要求：
1．语意通顺、逻辑清晰；
2．70词左右。
My favorite star
My favorite famous star is________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
一、单项填空
1．A 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.C
8．D 9.A 10.D
二、完形填空
1．B 根据句意“不但在英国……”，英国是一个国家，所以“而且在世界上其他国家。”故选B。
2．C 根据下文“He was an actor”说明他喜欢表演。故选C。
3．D 根据下文给出了他书的好处，所以该句为“这就是他的书为什么好的原因。”故选D。
4．A 根据上文，他的故事总是出现一部分，那么人们就总想知道“下一部分”。the next特指“下一部分”。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
5．D also意为“也”，位于系动词之后，行为动词之前。故选D。
6．D 根据Great Expectations我们可以判断是一部电影。故选D。
7．A 根据下文的连词but表示转折，所以可以判断他讨厌。
8．C as意为“一样地，同样地”；while意为“当……时候”；until意为“直到……”；since意为“既然；自从”。根据句意“他继续写直到去世。”故选C。
9．C 根据上文他一直写书到死，说明他死的时候正在写故事。故选C。
10．B 依据前后句意可推断我们不会知道故事是如何结束的。故选B。
三、阅读理解
1．B 细节理解题。由第二段中间Many fish are always on the move，looking for food.可知，鱼儿要觅食，因此四处游动。21教育网
2．C 细节理解题。由第三段However，remember patience is the most important thing while fishing.可知，钓鱼时保持耐心是最重要的。21*cnjy*com
3．B 细节理解题。由第三段Conversation is OK，but jumping or running is not.可知，钓鱼的时候，可以聊天，但是不可以蹦跳和来回跑动，那样的话会弄出噪音，把鱼儿吓走。
4．C 细节理解题。由最后一段so it's difficult for you to make sure if they eat it.可知，在整个钓鱼的过程中，判断鱼是否上钩是最难的一个环节。【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
5．C 主旨大意题。本文主要从地点的选择、环境等因素介绍了钓鱼的注意事项。
四、单词拼写
1．amazing 2.desert 3.fiction 4.French 5.ship
五、选词填空
1．thousands 2.friendly 3.smiling 4.delicious 5.fear 6.Whether 7.riding
8．performance 9.location 10.cooler
六、阅读表达
1．We must pay attention to the ways of studying.
2．Because we want to understand the book well (so that we can use what we've learned)．
3．学习时我们必须要有耐心。
4．学习时我们一定要专心致志。
5．The Ways of Studying
七、完成句子
1．take in 2.Ever since then 3.to live in
4．It is much taller than any other mountain in the world.www.21-cn-jy.com
八、书面表达
My favorite star
My__favorite__famous__star__is the action movie star，Jet Li.21cnjy.com
I like him because he is a famous action star.He is also a kind person and he likes to help other people.He set up One Foundation to help children who are ill but have no money to see a doctor.He also encourages people to care about children who have no chance to go to school.
I have learned a lot from him.He has taught me that everyone should care about others，no matter how famous they are.For me，Jet Li is not only a movie star，but also a very nice person.I really admire him.21·世纪*教育网
鲁教八上Units5、6真题演练
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
根据句意完成句中已给出首字母的单词。
1. (2016·滨州中考·改编)—Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou
—Yes, she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine because of her great a_____. 2-1-c-n-j-y
2. (2015·泰安中考)Believing in yourself is the first step on the road to s_____. 21*cnjy*com
3. (2015·泰安中考)He took an active part in all kinds of activities i_____ tennis, swimming, running and so on.
答案:1.achievement 2.success 3.including
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2016·枣庄中考)生活总是充满意外。(full)
_________________________________________
2. (2016·滨州中考·改编)永远不要放弃。有志者, 事竟成。
_____ _____ _____. Where there is a will, there is a way.
3. (2016·泰安中考·改编)我们都喜欢露西, 因为她总是考虑他人比考虑自己多。
We_____ _____Lucy as she is always thinking_____ _____of others than herself.
4. (2015·烟台中考·改编)突然的地震之后, 我们中大部分人整晚上都醒着。
After the sudden earthquake, most of us_____ _____all the night.
5. (2014·莱芜中考·改编)我认为使你强壮的最容易的方法之一是多锻炼。
I think one of the_____ _____to make you strong is to exercise more.
答案:1.Life is always full of the unexpected.
2.Never;give;up 3.all;like;much;more 4.were;awake 5.easiest;ways
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