(共40张PPT)
2017鲁教英语基础知识
备考必备
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
八年级下册
Units 7、8
【重点单词】
Unit 7
1. ___________ (n. )背景
2. ________ (v. &n. )采访; 面试; 访谈
3. ____ (v. )敢于; 胆敢
4. ______ (n. &v. )警卫; 看守; 守卫; 保卫
background
interview
dare
guard
5. _______ (adv. )不常; 很少
6. ________ (n. &v. )影响
7. ______ (adj. )缺席; 不在
8. ___ (v. )不及格; 失败
9. ___________ (n. )考试; 审查
seldom
influence
absent
fail
examination
Unit 8
10. _________ (n. )筷子
11. ______ (n. )(女士)短上衣; 衬衫
12. _____ (n. &adj. )银; 银器; 银色的
13. _____ (n. )玻璃
14. ______ (n. )棉; 棉花
chopstick
blouse
silver
glass
cotton
谢 谢！
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15. ____ (n. )钢; 钢铁
16. _____ (n. )草; 草地
17. _______ (v. &n. )加工; 处理; 过程
18. ____ (adj. )当地的; 本地的
19. ________ (n. )手提包
20. ______ (n. )手机
steel
grass
process
local
handbag
mobile
21. _______ (n. )表面; 表层
22. ______ (n. )交通; 路上行驶的车辆
23. _____ (n. )手套
24. _______ (n. )剪刀
25. ________ (v. )完成
surface
traffic
glove
scissors
complete
【词汇拓展】
1. Asia(n. ) →_____(n. & adj. )亚洲人; 亚洲(人)的
2. shy(adj. ) →_______(n. )害羞; 腼腆
3. require(v. ) →___________(n. )需要; 要求
4. Africa(n. ) →_______(n. &adj. )非洲人; 非洲(人)的
Asian
shyness
requirement
African
5. speak(v. ) →______(n. )演讲
6. exact(adj. ) →______(adv. )精确地; 确切地
7. proud(adj. ) →_____(n. )骄傲
8. leaf(n. ) →______(pl. )叶子; 树叶
9. produce(v. ) →_______(n. )产品; 制品
10. wide(adj. ) →______(adv. )广泛地; 普遍地
speech
exactly
pride
leaves
product
widely
11. Germany(n. ) →________(n. & adj. )德国人,
德国(人)的
→________(pl. )
12. postman(n. ) →________(pl. )邮递员
13. it(pron. ) →___(pron. )它的
14. hot(adj. ) →____(n. )热; 高温
German
Germans
postmen
its
heat
【短语快译】
1. 时常; 有时 _______________
2. 应对; 处理 ________
3. 得到很多的关注 _________________
4. 准备好干某事 ___________________
5. 应对; 处理 ________
from time to time
deal with
get tons of attention
be prepared to do sth.
deal with
6. 缺席…… _____________
7. 亲自; 亲身 ________
8. 为……骄傲; 感到自豪 __________
9. 为……感到自豪 ___________
10. 由……制成 _______________
11. 由……制造 __________
be absent from
in person
be proud of
take pride in
be made of/from
be made in
12. 以……而出名 ___________________
13. 手工 _______
14. 无论; 不论 _________
15. 发送出, 放出 ________
be known/famous for
by hand
no matter
send out
【句式填写】
1. 我以前怕黑。
I ____ __ ___ afraid of the dark.
2. Mario以前矮吗
____ Mario ___ __ be short
used
to
be
Did
use
to
3. 自从上次见到我们的小学同学已有三年了。
___ _____ three years _____ we last saw our primary
school classmates.
4. 你不能想象通往成功的路有多难。
You can never imagine ____ _______ the road __
success is.
It’s
been
since
how
difficult
to
5. ——你的衬衫是用棉花做的吗
—____ your shirts _____ __ cotton
——是的, 它们是用棉花做的。而且它们是美国产的。
—Yes, they are. And they _____ _____ __ the US.
6. 茶是怎样生产的
_____ __ tea _________
Are
made
of
were
made
in
How
is
produced
7. 拉链是谁发明的
_____ ____ the zipper ________ ___
8. 无论你买什么, 你可能会认为那些产品就是产自那
些国家的。
___ ______ what you may buy, you might think those
products were made in those countries.
Who
was
invented
by
No
matter
考点一 Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. Candy告诉我她以前真的很胆小, 于是开始唱歌来应对她的胆怯。
deal with应对; 处理
【词义辨析】deal with与do with的区别
deal with作“对付; 应对”之意时, 词义同do with, 只不过其中do为及物动词, 而deal为不及物动词, 故用于特殊疑问句时, do with与what连用, 而deal with则与how搭配使用。例如:
How do you deal with this problem
=What do you do with this problem
这个问题你怎样处理
【即学活用】
①是时候采取行动治理污染了。
It’s time to take action to ____ ____ pollution.
②Can you tell me what to do with the criminal
(改为同义句)
Can you tell me ____ __ ____ ____ the criminal
deal
with
how
to
deal
with
考点二 When he was a little boy, he seldom caused any problems.
当他是个小孩子的时候, 他很少惹麻烦。
seldom adv. 很少; 不常
【知识构建】
seldom为表示频率的副词, 意思是“很少; 不常”, 反义词是often, 其主要用法如下:
(1)seldom通常放在一般动词之前, be动词、情态动词及助动词等之后。
She seldom goes out at night. 她晚上很少出门。
(2)seldom表示不完全否定, 含有否定的意义, 在反意疑问句中, 疑问部分要用肯定式。
You seldom call on your parents, do you
你很少去看望你的父母, 对吗
【即学活用】
①I don’t think fast food is good for our health, so
__________to McDonald’s. (我很少去)
②You seldom make your parents angry, ___ ____
(完成反意疑问句)
I seldom go
do
you
考点三 I know my parents love me and they’re always proud of me.
我知道我的父母爱我, 并且以我为骄傲。
proud adj. 骄傲的; 自豪的
【词义辨析】
proud (1)形容词, 意为“自豪的; 骄傲的”
(2)短语be proud of“为……骄傲; 为……感到自豪”
pride (1)名词, 意为“自豪; 骄傲”, the pride of“……的骄傲/自豪”
(2)短语take pride in“为……感到自豪”
【一言辨异】
Tom is the pride of his parents and they are always proud of him. 汤姆是父母的骄傲, 他们总是为他感到自豪。
【即学活用】完成句子
①Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize. All the Chinese
_______________________her. (为……而自豪)
②The brave boy is the _____ (proud)of his parents.
are proud of/take pride in
pride
考点四 No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.
无论你可能买什么, 你或许认为那些产品就是那些国家制造的。
no matter无论
【知识构建】
(1)no matter意为“无论, 不管”, 与疑问词who, what, where, when, how, whether等连用, 引导的从句通常在句中作状语, 表示让步。
(2)从句的语序必须是陈述语序。
(3)no matter what=whatever; no matter when
=whenever; no matter who=whoever
【即学活用】
①无论你在哪里工作, 你都能找到时间学习。
___ ______ ______ you work, you can always find time
to study.
②Whatever you do, you should try your best. (改为同
义句)
___ ______ _____ you do, you should try your best.
No
matter
where
No
matter
what
考点五 As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class and then for the whole school.
当她(的情况)好转时, 她敢在同学们面前唱歌了, 然后为全校师生唱歌。
dare敢于; 胆敢
【知识构建】
(1)dare用作及物动词, 后常跟不定式作宾语, 即dare to do sth. 。
The girl doesn’t dare to go out alone at night.
这个女孩晚上一个人不敢外出。
(2)dare还可用作情态动词, 一般用于疑问句或否定句中。
Dare you tell her the truth 你敢告诉她真相吗
【即学活用】
①The boy is very brave. He dares _______alone in the
dark.
②How dare you ___ (say)so Nobody can speak to him
like this.
to walk
say
谢 谢！
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
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详情请看：http://www.21cnjy.com/zhaoshang/21世纪教育网 –中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
鲁教八下Units7、8经典练习
一、单项填空(10分)
( )1.—Which hobby do you think________ the least time
—Collecting stamps.
A．takes up B．puts up
C．gives up D．makes up
( )2.We all take________in Liu Yang，the great astronaut.21世纪教育网版权所有
A．pride B．prides
C．proud D．proudly
( )3.________I didn't understand the words，I knew what he wanted.
A．Because B．Unless
C．Even though D．Whether
( )4.Yao Ming used________basketball in NBA.
A．play B．to play
C．playing D．played
( )5.—Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition.2·1·c·n·j·y
—________pleasant surprise this gave her classmates.
A．What B．How
C．What a D．How a
( )6.—The ring looks nice.Is it made________silver 21·世纪*教育网
—Yes.And it was made ________Thailand.
A．of；of B．of；in C．from；in D．from；of
( )7.Please come here on time ________ the weather is like tomorrow.
A．no matter what B．no matter how
C．what D．how
( )8.China's hot words，like tuhao，dama and lianghui，________in the western media(媒体)．21教育网
A．use widely B．is widely used
C．uses widely D．are widely used
( )9.Driving after drinking wine ________ in China.
A．allows B．doesn't allow
C．is allowed D．isn't allowed
( )10.I found________interesting to fly a sky lantern.
A．this B．that C．it D．its
二、完形填空(10分)
Long long ago，there was a swan(天鹅)with golden feathers (金羽毛)．She lived in a lake.A woman lived in a small house __1__ the lake with her two daughters.They were very poor.They worked hard all year round，__2__ still，they lived a hard life and sometimes they even didn't have enough money to buy food.
The swan was __3__ to see that.She said to herself，“I'll give one of my __4__ to them each day，and then they can live a happy life with the money selling my feathers.” That evening，she flew to the poor woman's house and left a golden feather on the table without saying __5__．From then on，the swan came every day and gave them a feather.The woman was very happy because their life was much __6__ than before.
But day after day，the woman became greedy(贪婪)．She said to her daughters，“The swan may fly away one day.If so，we will be poor again.We should take all __7__ feathers when she comes next time.”
“Oh，no，Mom！” cried the daughters，“This will __8__ the swan.She helps us a lot ！” But the mother wouldn't listen.When the swan came as usual，the mother caught her and took all her feathers.But suddenly，the golden feathers __9__ chicken feathers.
Then，the Golden Swan said，“Poor Mother，I came to __10__ you，but you wanted to kill me.Now，I am leaving and will never come back.Never be greedy！” With these words，the swan flew away.21·cn·jy·com
( )1.A.above B．over C．near D．under
( )2.A.and B．but C．so D．or
( )3.A.happy B．surprised C．sad D．scared
( )4.A.presents B．golden coins
C．feathers D．collections
( )5.A.something B．everything
C．nothing D．anything
( )6.A.duller B．better C．busier D．harder
( )7.A.his B．her C．their D．our
( )8.A.hurt B．save C．protect D．refuse
( )9.A.heard of B．changed into
C．looked for D．came from
( )10.A.trouble B．help
C．teach D．invite
三、阅读理解(10分)
Mike Myers is a teacher at Chauncey Rose High School in Terte Haute，Indiana.Last year，he taught his students about the world's rain forests.They learned that rain forests are important because the plants and animals of the rain forest give us food，wood，and medicine.
Destruction of the world's rain forests is a serious problem.Unluckily，rain forests are disappearing at a rate of 80 acres per minute! As part of a class project，Myers' students bought three acres of rain forest in Central America.They paid $25 per acre.The students hope that the land they bought will be protected and not destroyed.The students became so interested in rain forests that they decided to get a closer look at a real rain forest.【版权所有：21教育】
So last June，Myers and four of his students went on a seven－day trip to visit the rain forests of Costa Rica.“The trip was wonderful.It was a very exciting experience，” said Myers.
At the beginning of the week，the group took a boat ride down a river.They saw alligators and crocodiles.In the middle of the week，a guide took Myers and his students into the rain forest.“The monkeys were not happy that we were in their forest.They broke small branches off the trees and threw them at us，” one of the students said.“It was a great learning experience for all of us.” said Myers.
Each student chose something specific about Costa Rica to study involving the plants，animals，food，and culture.During the last few days the group had time to do fun activities.They went whitewater rafting and horseback riding，and visited Costa Rica's active volcano.
Myers hopes to make the trip every year with a different group of kids.
( )1.How much did Myers' students pay for the rain forest they bought
A．$25. B．$75. C．$80. D．$2000.
( )2.What did Myers and his students do at the beginning of the trip
A．They went into the rain forest.
B．They bought acres of rain forest.
C．They took a boat ride down a river.
D．They visited Costa Rica's active volcano.
( )3.The word “Destruction” in Paragraph 2 probably means “the process of being ________”．
A．destroyed B．developed
C．described D．discovered
( )4.When the monkeys saw Myers and his students，they ________．
A．felt excited B．felt angry
C．jumped off the trees D．left the rain forest
( )5.The passage mainly shows that Myers and his students________．
A．did something to protect rain forests
B．wanted to buy the rain forest in Costa Rica
C．were interested in the culture of Costa Rica
D．went to the rain forest for various fun activities
四、单词拼写(5分)
1．—Paul used to be really quiet，didn't he
—Yes.He was always s________ in class.
2．She is very shy，she doesn't d________ to make a speech in public.
3．Most of the earth's s________ is covered with water.21cnjy.com
4．My hometown is k________ for kites.
5．The model plane is made of special m________．
五、选词填空(10分)
从方框中选出恰当的单词填入空白处，使短文内容通顺。有两个多余选项。
chances，difficult，greater，is，experiences，pass，boring，difference，volunteering，surprising，time，many
Student life is not what it used to be.There are a lot of subjects to learn and different tests to __1__．It's not __2__ that students say they don't have time to be a volunteer! However，volunteering isn't as __3__ as you think.
There are lots of volunteering __4__．They allow you to do as much or as little as you choose.Times can be agreed with the organizations.__5__ of them are grateful for even one hour a week.
Think about it，the time you give __6__ always worth more in the long run.The effects to the community is much __7__ than the hours you give.For example，if you spend an hour with a child helping them to read，it will make a great __8__ in his or her life.
And think of what volunteering can do for you；you will get __9__ and learn important skills in the __10__ work.A few hours in volunteering now will help you in the future.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
六、阅读表达(10分)
阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。
Do you ever spend time dreaming about your future Maybe you're dreaming about becoming a scientist or a famous writer.Dreaming about what you want is important.
Writing down your dreams is the first step in making them come true. Sometimes__looking__at__your__dream__and__thinking__about__how__to__achieve__it__is__surprising．One way to start your journey is to write down action steps or goals，for example，“I will not talk while my teacher is talking.” “I will improve my reading grade from a B to an A this term.” “I will practice playing football so that I can score a goal this season.” “I will set aside 15 minutes each day to review my math.” In this way you can get closer to your dream.
At first，you might set a goal too high and make things too hard for yourself.That's okay.High goals mean you have high hopes.Just remember that you may have to change your goals because of other steps you may not have expected or because of challenges that might have come up. After__you've__written__your__goal，make__sure__you__share__it__your__teachers，parents__or__even__your__friends.It always helps you keep on your goal.Just whatever you do________， don't give up and keep dreaming!
(一)根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1．What's the first step in making dreams come true
________________________________________________________________________
2．How can we get closer to our dreams
________________________________________________________________________
(二)将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
3．________________________________________________________________________
4．________________________________________________________________________
(三)请给短文拟一个适当的标题。
5．________________________________________________________________________
七、完成句子(6分)
1．剪纸是中国的民间传统艺术之一。
________ ________ is one of China's traditional folk arts.2-1-c-n-j-y
2．这种酒是由葡萄酿制的。
The wine ________ ________ ________ grapes.
3．父母常为自己孩子的成功感到自豪。
Parents usually ________ ________ ________ the success of their children.
4．看起来他好像变了很多。
________________________________________________________________________.
八、书面表达(15分)
假设你叫刘明，收到了美国中学生朋友爱丽丝的电子邮件，请给她回复，回答她的问题，提出你的建议，并就此事谈谈你的看法。【出处：21教育名师】
要求：意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于70词。(信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入总字数。)
Hi! Liu Ming，I'm so sad.Angela is a close friend of mine.This morning she wanted to borrow some money from me.If I lend her the money，I'm afraid she won't pay me back.I don't know what to do.Do you have the same problem I need your help.I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours，Alice
Hi！Alice，I'm glad to hear from you.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiu Ming
参考答案：
一、单项填空
1．A 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A
8．D 9.D 10.C
二、完形填空
1．C 根据下文推断，妇人的家离湖很近。near“附近的”，符合语境。
2．B 与上句是转折关系。句意：她们整年都辛勤劳动，但她们仍然过着艰苦的生活。
3．C 根据下文中天鹅主动帮助她们可知，看到老妇人艰辛的生活，天鹅很是“伤心”。
4．C 根据下文可知，天鹅每天给她们一根金羽毛。
5．D 句意：天鹅什么都没说就在桌子上留下一根金羽毛。anything用于否定句或疑问句，something用于肯定句中。www.21-cn-jy.com
6．B 由下文可知，羽毛可以卖钱，所以“生活比以前好多了”。
7．B 这里指“天鹅的羽毛”，故用her。
8．A 由上下文可知，女儿否定了她们妈妈的决定，因为天鹅给了她们很多帮助，所以她们认为这样会伤害天鹅。hurt伤害；save节省，拯救；protect保护；refuse拒绝。
9．B 句意：突然，金羽毛变成了鸡毛。change into变成；hear of听说；look for寻找；come from来自。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
10．B 根据上文可知，天鹅是来帮助老妇人全家的。
三、阅读理解
1．B 细节理解题。题干询问迈尔斯的学生花了多少钱买雨林地。该文中第二段第三、四句可知，迈尔斯的学生买了三英亩雨林地，每亩25美元，计75美元。故选B
2．C 细节理解题。题干询问：迈尔斯和他的学生在旅行一开始干什么的。该文中第四段第一句可知，他们小组一开始乘船顺流而下，故选C21*cnjy*com
3．A 词义理解题。题干中询问这个词的意思。选项中A项为毁坏；B项为发展；C项为描写；D项意为发现。理解本词所在句和后一句可知是“毁坏”的意思。故选A
4．B 细节理解题。题干询问：当雨林中的猴子看迈尔斯和他的学生时，它们怎么样？A项意为：感到激动；B项意为：感到生气；C项意为：跳下树；D项意为：离开雨林。该文中第四段可知，猴子此时感到不高兴。故选B【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
5．A 主旨大意题。题干中询问本文中迈尔斯和他的学生主要的目的是什么？通读全文理解，他们参观雨林的一系列的活动都是为了保护雨林。故选A21教育名师原创作品
四、单词拼写
1．silent 2.dare 3.surface 4.known 5.material
五、选词填空
1．pass 2.surprising 3.difficult 4.chances 5.Many 6.is 7.greater
8．difference 9.experiences 10.volunteering
六、阅读表达
1．Writing down your dreams.
2．To write down action steps or goals.
3．有时看着你的梦想，思考如何实现它会让你大吃一惊。
4．记下你的目标后，一定要与你的老师、父母甚至朋友分享。
5．How to Make Your Dream Come True
七、完成句子
1．Paper cutting 2.is made from 3.take pride in 4.It seems that he has changed a lot.
八、书面表达
One possible version：
Hi!__Alice，
I'm__glad__to__hear__from__you.Yes，I sometimes have the same problem.I think if she really needs the money，you'd better lend it to her.You don't need to worry too much.She'll probably pay you back when she has money.If you don't lend her the money，I'm afraid you may lose the friend.I think everyone may have trouble in life and we should help each other.So when my friends need money，I will try my best to help them.Maybe I'll get it back，or maybe I won't.I hope what I said can help you.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Yours，
Liu__Ming
鲁教八下Units7、8真题演练
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2016·烟台中考)Nowadays WeChat is________(wide)used in our daily life. 21*cnjy*com
2. (2016·泰安中考·改编)More chances________(provide)for students to learn from each other if working in groups.
3. (2016·菏泽中考)When you go abroad, you’ll find that so many products in local shops________(make)in China.
4. (2015·临沂中考)Glass didn’t become________(wide)used until the 13th century.
答案：1. widely 2. are provided 3. are made 4. widely
Ⅱ. 单词拼写
1. (2015·日照中考)Tianjin plans to start a smart city program to deal with t________jams.
2. (2015·日照中考·改编)I s________watch movies on my smart phone because it’s not good for my eyes.
答案：1. traffic 2. seldom
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. (2016·枣庄中考)不管你是谁, 作为学生, 你必须遵守学校规定。
______________________________________________________
2. (2015·滨州中考·改编)天然气被广泛用来做饭和取暖。
Gas________ ________ ________for cooking and heating now.
3. (2015·枣庄中考)他过去常戴眼镜吗 (used to)
____________________________________________________
4. (2015·威海中考·改编)她过去在学校队打网球。现在她是一名专业网球运动员了。
She________ ________ ________tennis in the school team. Now she is a professional tennis player.
答案：1. No matter who you are, as a student, you must follow the school rules.
2. is widely used
3. Did he use to wear glasses
4. used to play
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