课件34张PPT。Unit
5Oxford EnglishModule 3 Natural elementsWaterGrammarGrammarTalking about quantitiesDo you know the differences between
a lot of, a little, a few, (not) much, (not) many, and no?Read the following sentences to understand “a lot of”, “a little”, “(not) much” and “how much”. How much water is there on Earth?
There is a lot of water on Earth.
How much water is drinkable?
Only a little water is drinkable.
=There is not much fresh water.Answer the following questions about quantities.How many books are there in your school?
There are a lot of books.
How many exercise books are there in your
schoolbag?
There are a few (not many) exercise books.Work out the ruleThings to remember英语一些量词的用法1. many/much表数量的“多”
many +[C], much + [U]
There are many students in his school.
Tony ate much bread this morning before going to school.
*在非正式文体中，疑问句或者否定句中常使用
much来修饰不可数名词； 使用many来修饰复数可数名词。
Do you have much bread?
I don’t have much bread.
Are there many apples in the basket?2. a lot of / lots of 表示“许多”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词,一般不用于否定句。书面语用a lot of较多,口语用lots of较多.
There are a lot of (many/lots of) people in the park every morning.
We need a lot of (much/lots of) time to check the answers.
*在非正式文体中，肯定句常用a lot of而不用much/many;
eg.I have much bread.(语法无错，但是古怪)
I have a lot of bread.(常见的用法)3. few / a few / little / a little only a little=not much; only a few=not many
quite a little=much=a lot of
quite a few=many=a lot of
I have a little milk left.=I don’t have much milk.
I have a few friends.=I do not have many friends.a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。
I’m a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry)
Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep)
Linda is a little taller than I. (修饰比较级)
He slept very little/too little last night. 4. no / none / enough 用法
no+可数/不可数名词= not any/not a
I have no pen. =I have not a pen.
There is no milk in the cup.=There is not any milk in the cup.
none后面不直接加名词, 可指可数/不可数名词=not any / not one*可以用none来回答由How many或者How much引导的特殊疑问句；
--How many people came to the party?
--(There are) none.
---Is there any milk left?---No, none at all.
None of us is (are) right.
enough＋可数/不可数名词 adj. 足够的
Don’t worry. There is enough food for all.
I haven’t got enough time for it.
*enough在句中的位置：enough修饰名词，要放在名词前；enough修饰形容词/副词/动词，放在这些词之后；
They don’t have enough time/apples.(+n.)
He’s not kind enough.(+adj.)
You don’t exercise enough.(+v.)
Jim can’t run quickly enough.(+adv.)5. how many /how much用来询问数量的“多少”。
How many+可数名词数量
How much+不可数名词数量
How many teachers are there in your school? How many bags of rice are there in the box?
How much water does your body need every day? 6. too much, too many, too little, too few
too much 表示数量之 “太多 ”，后跟不可数名词，反义为“too little ”(太少)；这两个短语也可修饰动词。
用too many +可数名词，反义为too few (太少)+可数名词。
He eats too much meat. It’s bad for his
health. too much，much too
too much的中心词是“much”,后面跟不可数名词，意思是“太多的……”；
too是用来加强much语气的。
much too中的中心词是“too”，后面跟形容词或副词，意思是“非常，太”；
much是用来加强too的语气的。
e.g. There is too much snow and ice.
It’s much too cold.plenty of + 可数 / 不可数名词, 表示“充分, 大量”。
There are plenty of men out of work.
We have plenty of time to finish the job. 表示“许多”的词组还有：
a great deal of + [U].
a large/small/great amount of + [U]
a large/small/great number of+ [C]
many a + [C]单数 :many 和 many a 都是
"很多",但是many a强调个体,即"每一个".
谓语动词用单数.
Many a student has cellphones.
=Many students have cellphones.
a quantity of/quantities of+[U][C]
mountains of +[U][C]
既可以与可数名词连用也可以与不可数名词连用：
a lot of /lots of, enough, plenty of, no, some, any,
mountains of; a (large) quantity of; quantities ofA Look at the pictures below and on page 64. Then complete the questions and answers. no water in the poolGrammar exercisea lot of water in the pool How much there are many people in the poolHow manyNo, there aren’t many people in the pool.How many people are there in the pool?Learn about
too much, too many, too little, too few and (not) enough.We can use too much, too many, too little, too few and (not) enough to talk about quantities.Work out the ruleB. Dora and Jane want to cook orange beef. They are checking whether they have enough ingredients. Complete their conversations.Grammar exerciseenoughHow manyHow muchtoo much too littleenoughUsing the conversation between Dora and Jane as an example, choose a recipe and make a similar conversation.More exerciseIngredients for pizza toast
a few pieces of bread
three sausages
a piece of cheese
two green peppers
a tin of tomato sauce
You and your friend have:
a bag of bread
two sausages
two pieces of cheese
ten green peppers
no tomato sauce=ketchupIngredients for cake
100 g sugar
200 g flour
100 g butter
100 g icing sugar
two eggs
some milk
some chocolate powder
You and your friend have:
sugar 50 g
flour 400 g
butter 0
icing sugar 200 g
eggs 10
milk 0
chocolate powder a packeticed teawork out the rule.
work out 找出，想出
We must work out a way to have a cheap holiday.
work out的其他含义
a.计算，解决=think carefully in order to solve a problem
I can’t work out the math problems.
b. 制订=plan sth.
They must work out a plan as quickly as possible.
c.=to do a set of exercise regularly定期锻炼
Sue works out in the gym twice a week.
workout n.We need to buy some more beef.
sb. need(s) to do sth.句型， “某人需要做某事”;
sth. need(s)doing sth.句型， “某物需要做某事”，表示被动含义。need doing=need to be done]
I am tired, so I need to rest.[need to do sth.]
I think the flowers need watering.[=require]
=I think the flowers need to be watered.
need 做情态动词 “需要”，无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，常用于疑问和否定句中，need也可以做名词。
You needn’t talk loudly.
=You don’t have to talk loudly.
=You don’t need to talk loudly.
There is no need to set off so early.[no need to do]There is more than enough.
more than enough足够多，绰绰有余
I think 250 grams is more than enough for one
person.课件15张PPT。Unit 5 Waterquantity n.=an amount of sth. that can be
counted or measured 数量
The?biggest?problem?is?quality?not?quantity.?
a small quantity of ice cream
large quantities of water
in quantity = in large amounts
It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity.
a quantity of /quantities of
后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词。
quantity修饰名词时，谓语动词不是根据名词判断，
而是看quantity的形式，如果是a quantity of，动词
就用第三人称单数，如果是quantities of，动词就用
复数形式。
A quantity of nuts was on the table.
Quantities of food were spread out on the table.
fresh adj.=new; unused 新鲜的; =unsalted淡水的
[fresher-freshest]
fresh news/information/data
fresh air=air from outside, esp.away from a city,where
the air is cleaner
These foods include fresh fruits and vegetables.
fresh blood 新鲜血液，新成员
freshman n.(中学或大学)一年级生? sophomore
junior?senior
fresh in one’s mind 记忆犹新
Write about the trip while it is fresh in your mind.
(as)fresh as a daisy非常新鲜；精神饱满 【雏菊】
She looked fresh as a daisy after her short sleep.
salt n. =a natural white mineral that is added to food
to make it taste better or to preserve it盐
salty adj. 咸的 -->saltless adj.
salt water/lake/shaker
The?water?tasted?salty, just?like?sea?water.?
v.=put salt on/in food to season it加盐，用盐腌
[salted-salted-salting]
the salt of the earth=sb. who is ordinary but good
and honest
sit below the salt=be of lower social standing or worth
-->above the salt
worth one's salt=doing their job well or deserving respect
??not worth one’s salt
rub salt into the/sb's wound=to make a bad situation
even worse for sb.
add v. =put amount together to get a total
加起来, 添加
27加23 等于50.
Add 27 and/to 23, and you get 50.
= 27 plus 23 equals / is 50.
add… to … 把……添加到……
He added a few more things to the shopping list.
add up把...加起来
The boy is trying to add up all these numbers.
added adj.
added advantage/benefit(that makes sth. better)
added difficulty/problem(that makes sth. worse)chemical adj. =connected with or used in chemistry
化学的,化学上的,化学用的
n.[C]化学制品;化学药品(pl.chemicals)
chemical weapon/engineering
He devoted his life to chemical research.
He is doing an experiment with a new chemical.
chemistry n.化学
I should thank my first chemistry teacher for this.
chemist n.化学家, 药剂师=pharmacist
chemist's=a shop where medicines and toiletries
are sold=drugstore
=pharmacy
chemically adv.
Chemically, the two substances are very similar. valuable adj.=worth a lot of money 有价值的
-->adj. valueless 无价值的=worthless
The old vase is actually very valuable.
=The old vase is actually worth a lot of money.
value n. 价值;重要性
Do you know the value of it?
be of (great/little)value=be(not)valuable
The dictionary is of value to you.
=The dictionary is valuable to you.
value v.评价；看重 ;估价 a valued friend
I valued your advice.
I value the necklace at 5,000 yuan.
invaluable adj.价值高得无法估量的；极宝贵的
=priceless adj.无价的, 极其贵重的
bit n. 少量，一点
He saved his pocket money bit by bit until he
could afford a digital camera.
My eyes are a bit weak.
a bit/a bit of
a bit后接形容词，用法和a little一样；
a bit of一点…; 少量…后面加不可数名词,
a bit of=a little,放在名词的前面，做定语。
I have a bit of water.=I have a little water.
都可以接形容词/副词的原级/比较级,一点儿
Your trousers are a little/a bit short.
(positive degree)
This book is a bit/little more interesting than that
one. (comparative degree)
a bit/a little
a bit"一点点"=a little,修饰形容词/副词；也可以
做宾语/表语。
I am a bit tired.
=I am a little tired.
后接名词的时候，a bit后需加of ,而a little不用；
I’ve got a little shopping/a bit of shopping to do.
在否定句中，两者意义相差很大：
not a bit … 一点都不...=not ..at all
I am not a bit tired.
not a little… 非常…, 很…=very
I am not a little tired. form v. =to start to exist; develop形成, 组成
n. 形式;表格
Fill in the application form clearly.
The idea formed in her mind.
Children should form good habits.
(form/make/develop a habit of doing sth.)
We can change it into different forms of energy.
in the form of 以…的形式=in the shape of…
The sun gives us energy in the form of light and heat.
=The sun gives us energy in the shape of light and heat.
formal adj.??informal adj. =casual
formal occasion/wear/education/training
formally adv. formalize v.
The contracts must be formalized.
continue v. 继续=to keep existing or happening
without stopping= go on[continued-continuing]
The exhibition continued until July 25th.(=last)
continue doing/to do都可以表示“继续做某事”。
continue doing sth.继续做同一件事情(还没完成)；
continue to do sth.继续做另外一件事情(已经完成一件)。
After he finished his maths exercises, he continued to
do his English exercises.
My sister continued shopping although she felt tired.
continue with 继续
Please continue with what you were doing before I
came in.
to be continued
continual adj.连续的 continuous adj.连续的；持续不断的
continual/continuous/continuing 都是“连续的”、“不断的”；
continual:指“一段时间内多次发生”、“时断时续”或“中断
时间很短而又接连发生” ;反复/不停止的(happen repeatedly)
eg: continual knocks on/at the door
Continual practice is necessary to master English.
continuous:指“连续不断的”，=unbroken(lack of interruption)
eg: a continuous line
continuous pain/headache
a continuous voyage
continuing的含义是继续的，持续的；
eg:continuing education =classes for adults, often on subjects
that relate to their jobsturn off v.关掉；转向
The truck turned off the main road.
turn on/turn off/turn up/turn down
turn on = switch on 打开(电器)
turn off = switch off 关掉(电器)
turn up 把音量调大<--> turn down
Please turn off the TV because the noise will distract
the children from their homework.
He asked me to turn on the radio.
Can you turn down the TV a little?
I can't hear the radio very well, could you turn it
up a bit? [ turn the radio up=turn up the radio]turn up被找到
We looked for the ring for weeks, and then it
turned up in my pocket.
turn sb./sth. down拒绝=reject; refuse;say no to
If he asks me, I will turn him down.
Diane turned down the job offer.
turn in上交;交作业=hand in
Luckily, someone had turned my purse in.
Has everyone turned in last night’s homework?
turn out…最终结果是…
It turned out that he was married to somebody
else.be made up of 由…组成= consist of
The team is made up of 5 engineers and 3 designers.
= The team consists of 5 engineers and 3 designers.
be made of/be made from/be made into
be made of用...制成(从成品上能看出原料)
be made from用...制成(从制成品上看不出原料)
be made into被制成
The table is made of wood.
The wine is made from grapes.
The material will be made into a dress.
课件71张PPT。Unit
5Oxford EnglishModule 3 Natural elementsWaterReading The words in italics are from the article on page 59. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences. VocabularyGetting ready Who am I ?I am one of the natural elements.
I have no colour,
I have no smell,
I have no taste,
I have no shape,
I am very valuable ,
Flowers and trees need me,
You need to drink me every day.Right! I’m water!If you are a drop of water , can you use a sentence to describe yourself?
I have no color/taste/smell/shape.
People need to drink me every day.
People drink me when they are thirsty.
I come from the oceans/seas/lakes/rivers.
I fall down as rain.
I enter your house through a pipe.
Flowers and trees need me.
I am the most common liquid on Earth.
I can be made into other drinks.
I change into a solid when the temperature is below 0℃.Crash!!!Questions about the cartoon picture:
Q1:What is Lo doing?
Lo is jumping into the pool.
Q2:Why is Hi telling Lo not to use the pool?
Because he did not put any water in it.
Q3:What do you think will happen to Lo?
He will fall onto the bottom of the pool. But he will
not get hurt because he is a robot.
*The cartoon is funny because Hi tells Lo not to use
the swimming pool just after Lo has jumped off the
diving board. Since Lo is a robot, he will not be hurt.
The cartoon raises the topic of water. sea/oceanWhere can we see water?lakes/riversstream/brookspring/fountainwaterfall reservoirrain the tapthe bath dew wellHow can people get water?
dig wells.
collect dew.
take water from springs/rivers/ponds/lakes
take salt away from the sea
collect rainwater
Water freezes at 0 degree centigrade/Celsius. (0℃)
=Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit (32 F)Can water change its form ?Water turns into gas at
100 degrees centigrade/Celsius.
华氏怎么说？
华氏温度用°F表示。如华氏68度记作68°F。Fahrenheit (Gabriel Daniel, 1686-1736, 德国物理学家, 华氏温度计的设计者。
F=9C/5+32,
或C=5/9x(F-32)three forms of waterliquidsolidgasfog
cloudrainsnowicesteam vapor
/vapourWhen vapour meets with dust in the air, fog appears.What can we use water to do?At home, we use water …to wash clothesto wash the dishesto take/have a shower
to take/have a bathto make drinks
to make teaAt work, we use water …to put out a fire/firesto water vegetablesto make things in factoriesBrainstormingAll About Water What do you know about …?2345Look at the picture below and put the following sentences in the correct order. Write the numbers 1-5 in the boxes. Before you readWhat do you think of water?Water is _______________importantuseful…ReadingWATER TALKS Where did the drop of water talk with Dora?
Where did people clean the water?
What did people add to water?
Is the tap the end of this drop of water?
Why should we not waste water?
Answer the following questions.In the bathroom.In a reservoir.Some chemicals.No, it isn’t.Because water is valuable.Checking-upC2 Complete Dora’s diary below with the words from
the box.voiceturnoffjourneydroppedaddedtovaluableComprehensionwas dirtystarts thereis valuableComprehensionD1 The map below shows the water’s journey.
Read the story on page 59 and write the names of the different places on the map with the words from the box.cloudsriverreservoirpipesseaNow, label the picture with the verbs.dropaddtravel through go into“Turn that tap off,” said an angry voice.
turn that tap off=turn off the tap
turn off=switch off
turn off/close
turn off一般用于表示关闭“有开关的”物体。
如电视、收音机等。对应的词是turn on;
Do you mind turning off the light in the living room?
close是指某物处于关闭/闭合的状态。对应的词
是open;
Close the door, please.
=Keep the door closed.“Turn that tap off,” said an angry voice.
angry adj.生气的[angrier-angriest]
anger n. angrily adv.
be angry with/at sb.生某人的气=be mad at sb.
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.
be angry about sth.为某事生气
I am angry about what he was done.
get angry=lose one’s temper
He is easy to get angry.
=He is easy to lose his temper.
to one’s anger令某人生气的是
To my anger, he betrayed me.
in anger=angrily
Paul punched the wall in anger.Read a story about a girl talking to a drop of water.
drop n.[C]=very small quntitiy of liquid滴
a drop of 一滴
drop v.=fall [dropped-dropped]
He dropped off from the bike.[=fell]
drop in on/upon sb.=visit sb.=call on sb.拜访某人
drop in at sp.=visit sp.=call at sp.拜访某地
He dropped in upon/on her yesterday.
Drop in at my house whenever you want.
drop/fall/sink
sink指在空气或水中垂直下降，下沉；而drop/fall均可指急速地向下坠落，可直可斜。
The ship struck against the rocks and sank.
We saw an apple falling/dropping down from the tree.drop/fall/sink
drop指物体由于重力从高处往下落；fall指物体由于不明原因或物体本身失去平衡而向下降落，有自然下落之意；
She dropped the cup.
Leaves fall in autumn/fall.
drop通常是有意识、有目的地下落；而fall则往往是无意识地下落。
The enemy planes dropped bombs.
Rain is falling fast.
drop引申可表示物价的降落；sink还可以指精力
或意识逐渐丧失；
The price of oil has dropped sharply.
His heart sank.
When you exercise, you need more water.
exercise n.[U][C]锻炼[C]体操 ；练习 v.锻炼
当锻炼讲时不可数，当前面有名词性定语就转化为可数；
Let’s take exercise.
We do morning exercises/do eye exercises every day.
You are getting fat. You need exercise.
Runnig is a healthy form of exercise.
two thirds...
英语中分数的表达方式：分子用基数词，分母用
序数词；分子大于一时，分母用复数形式；
*四分之一一般用a quarter;
二分之一用half表示；
Half of the students like playing games.
Then it was time for people to clean me.
It is time(for sb.)to do sth.到某人该做某事的时候
Lucy, it's time for you to take the medicine.
It's time for sth./It's time to do sth.
It was time for supper/bed.
It is time to say goodbye.
it's time 后跟从句表示虚拟语气,意思是本该办的事情却没有办,=早就该做是某事的时候了
It's time we made up our minds.
Do you know where I come from?[宾语从句]
Where do I come from?[疑问句语序]
从句为疑问句时，语序要改为陈述语序。
Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?
So is this the end of your journey?
end n.结局，末尾
at the end of...在...的后期；在...的末端；既可以指时间的后期，也可以指位置的末端。
At the end of the street, you can see a hotel.
by the end of...到...末，在...结束时，仅表示时间概念。常用于完成时态,也用于将来时态;
He had finished the task by the end of last month.
By the end of next week , we will be ready for our trip to Tokyo.
By the end of next week , we will have left for Tokyo.
in the end=at last=finally=eventually最后；终于
In the end, we got to the small village.
The tap was on.
on adv.表示已经连接，处于工作状态或使用中；向前
Every year they put a play on at Saint Holy Cross Church.
They walked on in silence for a while.
The central heating has been turned off. I've turned it on.
on prep.(方向)向；(对象)对；(位置)在...上;
The year's event will take place on June 19, 2015.
We waited until twelve and finally got on the plane.
off adv.离开;下来; 偏离;
Keep off the grass.
I'm off the coffee at the moment.
He wiped the blood off his face with a handkerchief.
Don't try to get on or off a moving train.
"Turn that tap off, "said an angry voice.
in a low/loud voice小声/大声说
She spoke in a low voice.
at the top of one’s voice=shout as loudly as possible高声地；声嘶力竭地
He suddenly cried out at the top of his voice.
raise one's voice=speak more loudly
There is no need to raise your voice.
keep your voice down
=(tell people to) speak more quietly
the active/passive voice主动/被动语态
sound/noise/voice都可以表示声音:
sound作声音讲,可以指人或动物发出的声音，或
物体碰撞的声音。适用范围大，可以说大自然的一切声音都可以用sound.
At midnight, he heard a strange sound.
Light travels faster than sound.
noise意为“噪音”，指不悦耳不和谐的嘈杂声
Don’t make any noise.
voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌、谈笑都可以用voice.sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物的声音；而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少指其他动物的声音。
The girl has a beautiful voice.Then I travelled through the pipes under the streets...
through prep.通过，穿过
He went straight through to the kitchen.
across/cross/through
across是介词，强调从一定范围的一边到另外一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其含义常与on有关,常和表示“走”
一类的动作(walk, run, fly, jump)连用；
Go across the bridge, and you will find the park.
cross是动词，表示"穿过，越过";
The old man is crossing the road.Then I travelled through the pipes under the streets...
through是介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另外一端，但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等；
The river runs through the city.
Can you see it through the hole?
In the morning, I left the tap on in the bathroom.
leave...on不关,让...亮着；开着
Don't leave the light on when you go out.
leave...on让...留在原处, 继续穿戴
Leave the cloth on. I want to lay the table for supper.
leave +sb.+adj.使...处于某种状态
I left the door open/closed on purpose.
His illness left him very weak.
Unit 5Oxford EnglishModule 3 Natural elements WaterListening
Listening One day, Dora’s mother gave her a coin. It was a bit dirty, so Dora washed it. Then it started talking to Dora.135426A Listen to the coin’s story. Then put the pictures in the correct order. Write the numbers 1-6 in the boxes. B Dora wrote down the coin’s story in her diary. Listen to the story again and complete Dora’s diary below. Write one word in each blank.cleantookdaysbuydroppedstreetpickedwashedpocket money=allowanceUse information from the story to make a flow chart of the coin’s journey!The man gave the coin to her as part of her change.
change n.[U]零钱;[C]变化
After shopping, Tom was happy to get some change.
Do you see the changes of the school?
change v.变化[changed-changing]
After several years, my hometown changed a lot.
change...into...把...变成
I'd like to change these dollars into Renminbi.
change into...换上衣服
She changed into the working clothes.
(ex)change sth. with sb.与某人交换某物
Lucy wants to change apples with me.
part of...的一部分
Which part of Spain do you come from?
He returned it to my mother.
return v.归还;回去[returned-returning]
return...to把…还给;=go back to返回;将...送回
Will you return the book to the library?
After graduation ,she returned to her hometown.
return from=go or come back from从...返回
When I return from the coast, I'll bring good news.
return… for=use sth.as a means of repaying以...回报
In order to return thanks for his kindness, she went
to help him.
in return for=in exchange or as payment作为回报
I wish I could do something in return for your
kindness.
BrainstormingWhy did the drop of water tell Dora not to waste or pollute it?PresentationCan you tell us why water is valuable?I think water is valuable because it takes time and
hard work/difficulty for water to travel from its
natural sources to our home. Besides, there is not
enough fresh water for people and animals in the
world.
Brainstorming WAYS TO SAVE WATER Can you think of ways to save water?What can we do to save water?More tips on saving water 1. Saving water at home bathroom
kitchen
laundry roomIn the bathroom*Install low-flow shower heads.
*Take a shower instead of a bath.
* Take shorter showers. (Showers kept under 5 minutes can save you about 15 gallons per shower.)
* If you take a bath, fill the bathtub less than halfway. (You can save 10-15 gallons per bath.)
* Turn the tap off when you are brushing your teeth and washing your hands.
Install a highly efficient flush toilet.In the kitchen* Wash vegetables in a container, not under running water.
Use the dishwasher for full loads only.In the laundry roomUse the washing machine for full loads only.
…Use fewer chemicals in daily life.
Clean the floor with used water.
Collect rainwater to water plants or wash cars.
…