课件48张PPT。必修三Module 1 Europe基 础 知 识Ⅰ.单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．civilisation n． __________
2．ancient adj. __________
3．geographical adj. __________
4．architect n． __________
5．representative n． __________ 文明
古代的
地理的
建筑师
代表核心词汇识记
1．__________ n．象征；符号
2．__________ n．特点
3．__________ prep.穿过；通过
4．__________ vt.面向；面对
5．__________ n．山脉
6．__________ prep.在……对面
7．__________ adj.坐落 (某处) 的；位于 (某处) 的
→__________ n．形势；情况；地理位置
8．__________ adj.位于
→__________ n．位置symbol
feature
across
face
range
opposite
situated
Situation
located
location9．__________ vt.签署
→__________ n．签名
10．__________ n．协议；契约
→__________ v．同意
→__________ n．不一致；争论
11．__________ n．产品；农产品
→__________ n．产品；制品
→__________ n．生产；产量；
12．__________ adj.大陆的；大洲的
→__________ n．大陆；大洲sign
signature
agreement
agree
disagreement
produce
product
production
continental
continent[情景活用]
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．__________ the difficult problem, he didn't give up. (face)
2．They were in______________ with us at first, but after many talks with each other, they__________ with us. So we signed an__________. (agree)
3．The temple is__________ in the city but its__________ is worrying because it's out of repair for many years. (situate)
4．The teacher__________ to us to examine our____________ on the paper carefully. (sign) Facing disagreement agreed agreement situated situation signed signatures Ⅱ.短语互译速记
1．有史以来 __________________
2．自从……一直 __________________
3．据……；依照…… __________________
4．另一方面；反过来说 __________________
5．一点点地；逐渐地 __________________
6．be situated/located in/on __________________
7．because of __________________
8．be known as __________________
9．compared with __________________
10．have control over __________________ of all time
ever since
in terms of
on the other hand
little by little
位于，坐落于
因为；由于
作为……而出名/闻名
与……相比
控制[情景活用]
选用上述短语填空
1．The gallery,__________________ the center of the city, is the landmark of this city.
2．________________ other constructions, the gallery is the oldest__________.
3．Hangzhou_____________ “heaven on earth”__________ its beauty.
4．__________ the numbers, we know that we have improved______________ ____________.situated/located in Compared with of all time is known as because of In terms of little by little ever since
Ⅲ.佳句精析精练
1．_________________________ is another mountain range—the Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。
[解析] 当地点状语放在句首时，句子应用完全倒装。
[仿写] 沿途全是参天大树，其中一些有近百年的历史。
________________ are thick and tall trees, some of them with a history of nearly 100 years.
Between France and Spain Along the road
2．Their work has influenced other writers____________.
他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
[解析] ever since“自此，自从……一直”。表示以过去某一时间为起点持续到现在的某一动作或状态，常与完成时连用。
[仿写] 自从在学校认识至今，我们一直是朋友。
We_________________________ we met at school.
ever since have been friends ever since
3．__________ Amy_______ Helen is English.
埃米和海伦都不是英国人。
[解析] neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的选择应遵循“就近原则”。
[仿写] 今天你和他不能休假。
____________________ to take a leave today.
Neither nor Neither you nor he is
4．The expanded European Union has a population of more than half a billion people,_________________ the population of the United States.
扩大后的欧洲联盟有五亿人口，是美国的两倍。
[解析] 倍数＋as...as...倍数表达法。
[仿写] 今年小汽车的产量是去年的两倍。
The production of cars this year is____________________ of last year.
twice as big as twice as much as that
Ⅳ.单元语法过关
主谓一致；一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
语法填空
1．Not only I but also Jane and Mary_____ (be) tired of having one examination after another.
[解析] not only...but also连接两个并列主语时谓语动词为就近原则。
2．When and where to build the new factory_______ (be) not decided yet.
[解析] When and where to do...作主语时，谓语动词用单数。are is
3．If nothing__________ (do) , the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
[解析] 在条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时来代替将来时。nothing与do之间应是被动关系。句意：如果不采取措施，海洋将会成为无鱼之荒漠。
4．A piano concert__________ (give) in Jinan last Sunday.
[解析] 句意：上个星期天济南有一场钢琴演奏会。concert与give之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
is done was given
5．—So what is the procedure?
—All the applicants________________ (interview) before a final decision is made by the authority.
[解析] 根据句意可知，applicants与interview之间存在被动关系，此处介绍的是一般程序，并不强调正在被面试。are interviewed 考 点 探 究①_____________ this situation they felt both joyful and fearful.
＝__________ this situation they felt both joyful and fearful.
面对这样的形势，他们感到既高兴又害怕。
②The policeman showed great bravery______________ danger.
那名警察面临危险时表现出大无畏精神。高频单词1．face vt.面向；面对 n．面孔Faced with Facing in the face of
[归纳拓展]
(1) be faced with/by 面对着 face up to 敢于面对
(2) face to face 面对面 lose face丢面子 make a face 做鬼脸 save face 挽回面子
提示： (1) be faced with＝be confronted with，侧重指“面对着”这种状态，而face sb./sth.侧重动作；
(2) face－to－face与face to face的区别在于：前者通常只能作前置定语，后者可以作状语或表语。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·北京 七选五) New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
新的大脑研究表明，当我们面对一个紧张的情况时，我们的大脑反应是不同的。
①__________________her book, my book is much more interesting.
与她的书相比，我的书要有趣得多。
②Man's life_______ often____________ a candle.
人生常被比为蜡烛。2．compare vt.比较，对照；喻为，比拟Compared to/with is compared to [构建→导图助记]
注意：在表示“与……相比”时，compared with...与compared to... 皆可用，尤其是用在过去分词作状语的句子中。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·天津C篇) The researchers compared the men's mental－health scores with their boyhood－activity scores.
研究人员比较了人的心理健康得分与他们的童年活动评分。介词填空
①The team was made up of ten players whose ages ranged__________ between 10 and 16.
②Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range__________ of choices for them.
③The hunter shot when the bird was__________ within range of his gun.3．range n．山脉；范围；幅度 vt.排列；变化；包括……之间的各类事物[图解助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2016·北京 七选五) As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.
因此，人类开发了一系列今天仍然存在的字符类型。
单句改错
①As we know，Wuhan City situated on the Changjiang River.
(________________)
②He's in difficult situation and doesn't know what to do.
(__________)
③Situating near the railway station and airport，this hotel enjoys the convenience of transport. (______________________) 4．situated adj.坐落 (某处) 的；位于 (某处) 的；处于……境遇的situated前加is in后加a Situating→Situated [构建→导图助记]
They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
它们位于一楼一个被称为Experimental Field的地方。
注意：situate的用法与汉语表达习惯不同。在汉语中situate与建筑物是主动关系，在英语中是被动关系，因此在作状语或定语时常用过去分词。
[联想拓展]
表示“坐落于，位于”的短语还有：
①be located in/on/at...
②lie in/on/at
[高考寻踪]
(2016·浙江A篇) The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.
流言的影响取决于情况而有所不同。①He__________ signed to her to lower her voice.
＝He__________ made/gave a sign to her to lower her voice.
他打手势要她把声音放低点。
②Great wealth is not__________ a sign of great intelligence.
巨大的财富并不是高度聪明的标志。5．sign vt.签署；签名；做手势；做记号n.记号，符号；招牌；迹象[归纳拓展]
sign to sb. to do sth. 打手势让某人做某事
sign in/out 签到/签退
sign up 报名参加
a sign of... ……的标志/迹象
make/give a sign to... 对……做手势
Her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three.
她妈妈在她三岁时让她报名参加了体操训练。[图解助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2016·浙江六选五) It all begins here, by signing up to join an organization.
一切都从这里开始，通过注册加入一个组织。①__________ In terms of money ， he's quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.
就钱来说他很富有，但就幸福来说则不然。
②It is difficult to express it__________ in terms of science .
用科学术语来表达它是困难的。常 考 短 语6．in terms of据……；依据……；就……而言；在……方面；用……的话
[归纳拓展]
in the long/short term长/短期
be on good/friendly/bad etc.terms (with sb.)
(与某人) 关系好/密切/不好等
come to terms (with sb.) (与某人) 达成协议
①In the long term, receiving a good education is very important.
从长远来看，接受良好的教育是非常重要的。
②All of my roommates are on good terms with each other.
我所有的室友的关系都很好。
③He finally came to terms with that company.
他最后和那家公司达成了协议。
提示：在以上的短语中term与terms有不同的意思。term“学期；术语；期限”；terms“措辞；条件；关系”。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·上海完形填空) Project managers evaluate the performance of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.项目经理评估团队成员的表现是根据他们的产品而不是工作的时间。
__________ On the one hand I want to sell the house, but__________ on the other hand I can't bear the thought of moving.
一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不想搬家。7．on the other hand 另一方面；反过来说[归纳拓展]
on (the) one hand...on the other hand 一方面……另一方面……
at hand 在手边，在附近；即将到来
at first/second hand 直/间接地，第一手地/二手地
by hand 用手工
in hand 在掌握中；在进行中
hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联
①When he writes, he always keeps a dictionary at hand.
他写作时手边总备有一本词典。
②In days to come he will walk hand in hand with us.
在未来的日子里，他会跟我们手拉手一起走。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·江苏B篇) Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative.
另一方面，人类的孩子是非常合作的。①Be quick!__________ Here comes the bus.
快点！车来了。
②Out__________ she rushed ，with tears in her eyes.
她满眼泪水冲了出去。
③Among the hills__________ lies a lake .
群山中有一座湖。必 备 句 型8．Between France and Spain is another mountain range—the Pyrenees.
在法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉[归纳拓展]
完全倒装的三条件：
(1) 表示方位或时间的副词或表示方位的介词短语置于句首；
(2) 谓语动词为be或lie, come, go, stand等动词；
(3) 句子的主语是名词。注意：若句子的主语是代词，而不是名词时，主谓不倒装。课 堂 达 标课 时 作 业课件43张PPT。必修三Module 2
Developing and Developed Countries基 础 知 识Ⅰ.单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．income n． __________
2．poverty n． __________
3．expectancy n． __________
4．vast adj. _________________________
核心词汇识记
1.__________ vt.测定；测量；评估
2.__________ n．位置
3.__________ n．.数字
4.__________ n．交换 收入
贫穷
预期数额
巨大的，庞大的，浩瀚的 measure
position
figure
exchange 5.__________n．饥饿→__________adj.饥饿的
6.______________n．发展→__________v．使发展；(使)成长→__________ adj.发展中的→__________adj.发达的
7.__________vt.教育；培养；训练→__________n．教育
8.__________ adj.拥挤的→__________n．人群v.聚拢
9.__________n．类似；相似→__________adj.相似的→__________adv.相似地；同样地
10._____________adj.不幸的；遗憾的→__________(反义词)adj.幸运的→ __________n．运气；命运
11.__________adj.受到污染的→__________v．污染→__________n．污染
12._____________n．娱乐→__________vt.使娱乐；款待hunger hungry development develop developing developed educate education crowded crowd similarity similar similarly unfortunate fortunate fortune polluted pollute pollution entertainment entertain [情景活用]
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．In order to give her good __________， her parents sent her to a famous school to be __________.(educate)
2．The two pictures are __________ and it's easy to find many __________ between them. __________， you can also find some differences.(similar)
3．It is __________ to be stuck in the rain. Even _____________，we couldn't find anyone to help us. At last we tried our __________ to find a short cut. __________we arrived home before dark. So we were also __________.(fortunate)
4．Because of the heavy __________， many people in the town became ill because of the __________ air they breathed in.(pollute)education educated similar similarities Similarly unfortunate unfortunately fortune Fortunately fortunate pollution polluted Ⅱ.短语互译速记
1．达到，直到 _________
2．在……顶端 ________________
3．在……底部 ________________
4．努力 ________________
5．采取措施 ________________
6．in particular ________________
7．in the last ten years ________________
8．be connected with ___________________________
9．be close to ________________up to
at the top of
at the bottom of
make efforts
take measures
尤其，特别
在最近十年
与……有联系；与……有关
接近；靠近
[情景活用]
选用上述短语填空
1．Our city has been developed into an industrial one____________________.
2．The man____________________ the murder so the police questioned him.
3．As a student, we must _______________to learn more knowledge.
4．The project will create __________100 new jobs for the graduates.in the last ten years was connected with make efforts up to Ⅲ.佳句精析精练
1．Norway is at the top of the list, __________ the US is at number 7.
挪威位于名单之首，而美国名列第七。
[解析] while在此用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意思是“然而，但是”。
[仿写] 一些人赞同他的计划，而其他人反对。
Some people are for his plan ________________________.while while others are against it
2．However, in other regions of the world, e．g. Eastern European, ____________________________.
然而，在世界上的其他地区，比如东欧，饮用水大部分是安全的。
[解析] 主语＋be＋adj.＋to do，用主动形式表被动含义。
[仿写] 在很多人看来，尽管那家公司相对来说较小，人们却能够与之愉快合作。
In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is ___________________.water is now mostly safe to drink pleasant to deal with 3.__________ more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.
在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。
[解析] although引导让步状语从句。
[仿写] 虽然他很有钱，但并不幸福。
He is unhappy, __________________________.Althoughalthough he has a lot of money
4．It's an agreement between towns or cities ____________________...
这是规模和历史相似的城市和城镇之间的一份协定……
[解析] “of＋某些名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征。
[仿写] 汤姆和杰克年龄相同。
Tom and Jack are ________________.of similar size and age of the same age
Ⅳ.单元语法过关
连词
语法填空
1．Uncle Jim is a shy man, __________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
[解析] but此处为转折连词。句意：吉姆叔叔是个害羞的人，但他不惧怕任何人或事。but 2．There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery __________ another man, also intelligent, fails.
[解析] 句意：很难理解为什么一个人会做出一项重要的发现而另一个同样很聪明的人却没有。while并列连词，表示“然而”。
3._________________ small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.
[解析] although/though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。分析句子知，本句是状语从句中的省略现象。句意：尽管很小，这个公司在30多个国家里有大约1,000个购买者。 while Although/Though 4．One can always manage to do more things, no matter __________ full one's schedule is in life.
[解析] 句意：一个人总是可以设法做更多的事情，不管在生活中时间表安排得有多满。however引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，修饰后面的形容词full。
5．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son even __________ he wants to.
[解析] 句意：他很忙。即使他想跟儿子在一起，他也抽不出时间。however if/though 考 点 探 究1．measure vt.测定；测量；评估 vi某物有……长(或宽、高等) n．尺寸；措施高频单词to protect measuring [归纳拓展]
(1)be measured by/in... 用……来衡量
(2)make... to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做……
take measures(to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)
In the old days，my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with Spring Festival coming.
过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。注意：
(1)measure表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。
(2)measure“某物有……长(宽、高等)”时，为不及物动词，其后接表示事物长(宽、高等)的名词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词的形式。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·北京C篇)Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now.
虽然这些措施不是永远有效的，但是他们现在是至关重要的。2．position n．位置；姿势；地位；职务，职位holds the position of 身在我的处境 [归纳拓展]
in a(n)... position 处于……地位/位置
in/out of position 在/不在恰当的位置
be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事
hold the position of... 担任……职位
take up (one's) position 就位
When I know all the facts，I'll be in a position to advise you.
在我了解所有的事实之后，我就能给你提出建议了。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·四川A篇)Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games.
这个位置的学生将在篮球比赛期间统计现场数据。3．figure n．数字；图形；人物；身材 vt.计算；认为；描绘数字 身材 人影 人物 认为 [构建→导图助记]
Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost.
你算出假期得花多少钱了吗？[高考寻踪]
(2016·全国新课标ⅢB篇)Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
韦尔蒂身材苗条，穿着一件灰色衣服。她对这个解释看起来很高兴。4．exchange n．& vt.交换with in [构建→导图助记]
提示：change sb./sth. for sb./sth.与exchange含义接近，不可相混，是“替换或代替某人/物”之意。change sth. with sb.指“两个人交换某物”。[图解助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2016·天津书面表达)Two weeks went by, and our exchange, activities ended.
两周过去了，我们的交流活动结束了。5．make efforts 努力常考短语make efforts make an effort [归纳拓展]
(1)effort用作名词，意为“努力”。表示具体某一件事用可数名词；表示努力的程度用不可数名词。
①Finishing the work in one day is a great effort.
一天干完这活是很了不起的事。
②I've traveled many miles and I'm very glad I made the effort.
我远道而来，但是我很高兴我没有白跑。[高考寻踪]
(2015·广东语法填空)While making great efforts to run away, she fell over the hill and died.
她想要奋力奔跑时从山上摔了下来死去了。6．up to到……为止；达到；直到；高达(程度)；由……决定；忙于；胜任到……为止 胜任 忙于 由……决定 高达(程度) 多达 [归纳拓展]
It's up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事。
It is up to you. 随你的便；由你来决定。
up to date 最新的，时髦的
She brought him up to date with what had happened.
她带给他发生的最新的新闻。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·北京C篇) California condors are North America's largest birds, with wing－length of up to 3 meters.
加利福尼亚秃鹰是北美洲最大的鸟，翅膀的长度达到3米。7．Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，然而美国则名列第七。必备句型 然而 尽管 当……时候 [构建→导图助记]
He sat for a while, thinking about what Janice had said to him.
他坐了一会儿，想着贾妮丝跟他说过的话。[高考寻踪]
(1) (2016·北京A篇)While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse.
当我在探索我的好奇心的时候，我的疾病变得更糟了。
(2)(2016·北京D篇)While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.
虽然我们应该在大学内部提供“安全空间”，但我们也必须让人们表达自己的观点，并可以对大多数人的观点提出质疑。8．It's an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age...
它是有着相似的面积和年代的城镇之间的一份协定……is of great value 这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。
2)还有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，只能用“be＋of＋n.” 结构。
be of the same size/weight/height/depth/length/age/colour/shape/kind/type
注意：“be＋of＋n.”结构的否定形式一般为“be＋of＋no＋n.”。
What he said is of no importance.
他说的一点也不重要。课 堂 达 标课 时 作 业课件41张PPT。Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1.核心词汇①________ n.收入
②________ vt.测定；测量；评估
③________ n.数字
④________ adj.无家可归的
⑤________ n.饥饿→________ adj.饥饿的
⑥________ n.发展→________ v.发展→________ adj.发展中的→________ adj.发达的⑦________ vt.教育；培养；训练→________ n.教育
⑧________ adj.拥挤的→________ n.人群
⑨________ n.类似；相似→________ adj.相似的→________ adv.相似地；同样地
⑩________ adj.不幸的；遗憾的→________ adv.不幸地→________ adj.幸运的→________ adv.幸运地
?________ adj.受到污染的→________ v.污染→________ n.污染
?________ n.位置；所在地→________ vt.使坐落于→________ adj.位于答案 ①income ②measure ③figure ④homeless
⑤hunger；hungry ⑥development；develop；developing；developed ⑦educate；education ⑧crowded；crowd
⑨similarity；similar；similarly ⑩unfortunate；unfortunately；fortunate；fortunately ?polluted；pollute；pollution
?location；locate；located2.常考词汇①position n.________
②poverty n.________→poor adj.________
③tourism n.________→tour v.& n.________
④transport n.________→transportation n.________
⑤industrial adj.________→industry n.________
⑥entertainment n.________→entertain vt._______→entertaining adj.________
答案 ①位置 ②贫穷 贫穷的 ③旅游业 旅游；游览 ④交通工具 交通；运输 ⑤工业的 工业 ⑥娱乐 使欢乐 使人愉快的用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.She plans to start a foundation for ________(home) children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.(2016·江苏，阅读D)
2.Our own experience working together on health，________(develop)，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.(2016·四川，阅读B)
3.________(fortunate)，Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.(2016·北京，阅读B)4.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of ________(pollute) and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读A)
5.________(similar)，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”.(2016·浙江，阅读A)
6.In order to give her good ________，her parents sent her to a famous school to be ________.(educate)
7.Our foreign teacher is interested in studying the ________(similar) and differences between the two countries.8.He tried to squeeze himself onto the ________(crowd) bus.
答案 1.homeless 2.development 3.Fortunately 4.pollution 5.Similarly 6.education；educated 7.similarities 8.crowded?后缀-less高频词大观园
①homeless adj.无家可归的
②hopeless adj.无望的
③breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
④endless adj.无休止的
⑤countless adj.数不清的【联想·积累】?含-ant后缀的高频单词
①inhabitant n.居民 ②participant n.参与者
③attendant n.出席者 ④accountant n.会计
⑤servant n.仆人 ⑥assistant n.助手；助理
⑦applicant n.申请者
?“收入”名词集锦
①income 收入 ②pay报酬
③salary薪水 ④wage工资
⑤profit利润 ⑥pension养老金?后缀-ed形容词荟萃
①polluted 遭污染的
②crowded 拥挤的
③skilled 熟练的
④experienced 有经验的
⑤talented/gifted 有才能的
⑥limited 有限的?前缀trans-高频词全接触
①transport n.交通
②transportation n.运输
③transplant v.移植
④transfer v.运送
⑤transform v.改造
⑥transmit v.传输Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
根据汉语意思补全下列短语
1.up________达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定
2.________the top/bottom of 在……顶端/底部
3.________ sure确定；弄清楚
4.________efforts努力
5.be connected ________与……有联系；与……有关
6.be close ________接近；靠近7.make________取得进步
8.________particular尤其；特别
答案 1.to 2.at 3.make 4.with 5.with 6.to 7.progress 8.in用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1.________________ you are there at least 15 minutes before the train is scheduled to leave.
2.We are ________________ to deal with the issue you raised at the last meeting.
3.It was said that he might ____________ the murder.
4.It’s often recommended that children should be offered chances to________________nature.
答案 1.Make sure 2.making efforts 3.be connected with 4.be close to【联想·积累】?up常用表达聚焦
①up to达到；胜任；由……决定
②up and down上上下下；前前后后
③what’s up？怎么了？
?top相关短语个个清
①at the top of在……顶端
②on (the) top of 在……上方
③come to the top 出人头地Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
原句背诵感悟
1.Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则名列第七。
2.However，in other parts of the world，e.g.Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe to drink.
然而，在世界的其他地区，例如东欧，现在大部分水饮用起来很安全。
3.It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age...这是规模和历史相似的两个城镇或城市之间的一份协议……句型公式仿写
1.表示对比的while在句中连接两个并列分句
Some people are for his plan________________(而其他人反对).
2.“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构
The girl is easy-going，she ________________(很容易相处).
3.“of＋抽象名词”结构，常在句中作表语或后置定语
As far as I’m concerned，the two children are ______________
(年龄相同).
答案 1.while others are against it 2.is very easy to get along with 3.of the same age【联想·积累】在“be of＋抽象名词”结构中，其意义就相当于 “be＋与该抽象名词同词根的形容词”。如：
1.be of value→be valuable
2.be of help→be helpful
3.be of use→be useful
4.be of importance→be important
5.be of significance→ be significant[单 词 点 睛]1.measure v.测定；测量；评估；有……长(或宽、高等) n.尺寸；措施
[教材原句]What does the Human Development Index measure？
人类发展指数测定的是什么？高考必备词汇——精讲精练 be measured by/in用……来衡量
make...to one’s measure按某人的尺寸做……
take measures (to do sth)采取措施(做某事)单句语法填空/写作运用
①The bridge ________(measure) as long as 200 meters needs repairing.
②In the old days，my mother always made new clothes ________ my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.
③The number of them is less than 1，000，so I hope you can ________________.
它们的数量不足1 000，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效措施来保护它们。
答案 ①measuring ②to ③take some effective measures to protect them[名师点津] measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。2.figure n.数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；画像 v.计算；认为
[教材原句]Complete the chart with figures from the passage.用课文中的数字完成表格。
说出下列句中figure的含义
①He went on to graduate from college and got a job，earning close to six figures.
②There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.(2014·湖北，完成句子)③She was frightened to see a figure in the darkness.
④Sitting on a sofa in her room，Welty，a slim figure in a simple gray dress，looked pleased with this explanation.
(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读B)
⑤I figured that he was drunk and shouldn’t be allowed to drink.keep one’s figure保持身材
figure that...认为……
figure out想出，理解；弄明白，看透
figure on期待；指望；依赖
figure in把……列入计算/考虑范围单句语法填空/写作运用
⑥I can’t figure________what it is that makes him so depressed recently.
⑦How does Mary manage________________when she eats so much?
玛丽吃得这么多，究竟是怎样保持身材的？
答案 ①数字 ②人物 ③人影 ④身材 ⑤认为 ⑥out ⑦to keep her figure【巧学助记】[一言串记] Have you figured out how much the trip has cost？I haven’t figured on costing so much money.To be honest，I can’t figure out what the money has been spent on.
旅行花了多少费用你算出来没有？我没想到花了这么多钱。老实说，我弄不懂这些钱花在哪些东西上了。※position n.位置；姿势；地位；职位；处境；立场
[教材原句]The UK is in the thirteenth position，while China is in the middle of the list.
英国排在第13位，而中国排在名单的中游。常考必会词汇——理解辨认in a...position处于……的地位/处境
in/out of position在/不在适当的位置
take up (one’s) position就位
hold the position of...担任……的职务说出下列句中position的含义/单句语法填空
①I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.
(2015·陕西，书面表达)
②His remarks showed that he misunderstood my position on the question.
③This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.
④From their position on the top of the TV Tower，visitors can have a better view of the city.
⑤Dina，having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took________position at a local advertising agency.
⑥If you were ________ my position，you would have sympathy for those poor children.
答案 ①职位 ②立场 ③处境 ④位置 ⑤a ⑥in[名师点津] 当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，关系词应用where。[短 语 点 拨] 1.up to 直到；达到；到……为止；忙于；胜任；由……决定
[教材原句]Not many children have an education up to 11 years old.满11岁就接受教育的孩子并不多。be up to...胜任……；正在做……
It is up to sb to do sth该由某人做某事
It is up to you随你的便；由你来决定单句语法填空/写作运用
①It’s up to you ________________(decide) whether to go or not.
②Don’t worry.He ____________ you offered him.
不用担心，他能胜任你为他提供的这份工作。
答案 ①to decide ②is up to the job2.make effort 努力
[教材原句]The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.
报告显示我们正在取得一些进步，但是我们还需要尽更大的努力。(1)make an effort/effort(s)/every effort to do sth尽一切努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事
put one’s effort to do sth 全力以赴做某事
(2)with effort努力地
without effort不费力地，容易地单句语法填空/写作运用
①To begin with，I will make every effort __________ (take) good care of my family.
首先，我会尽力照顾我的家人。
②No pains，no gains.I am sure that ______________，you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.(2014·江西，书面表达)
不劳则无获，我相信有了你的巨大努力，你就会在这里享有一种五彩斑斓、硕果累累的生活。
答案 ①to take ②with your great efforts[句 式 透 析]※[教材原句]Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则名列第七。
本句中while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”。另外，while还可作从属连词，表示“当……时候；尽管，虽然；只要”。说出下列句中while的含义
①Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
②While I was cooking，the children were playing outside.
③While the students came from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.(2015·福建，单选改编)
④While there is life，there is hope.
答案 ①然而；可是 ②当……的时候 ③虽然 ④只要课件40张PPT。Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1.核心词汇①________ vt.引起；造成
②________ vt.埋葬
③________ vi.发生
④________ vt.毁坏
⑤________ adj.积极的；活跃的
⑥________ n.& v.损失；损害
⑦________ vt.经历→________ adj.有经验的⑧________ adv.幸运地；幸亏→________ adj.幸运的→________ n.运气
⑨________ adv.感激地；满怀感谢地→________ adj.感激的
⑩________ n.警告→________v.警告
答案 ①cause ②bury ③occur ④ruin ⑤active
⑥damage ⑦experience；experienced ⑧luckily；lucky；luck ⑨thankfully；thankful ⑩warning；warn2.常考词汇①disaster n.________
②furniture n.________→furnish vt.________
③strike vt.& n.________
④possibility n.________→possible adj.________→impossible adj.________
⑤terrifying adj.________→terrified adj.__________→terrify vt.________
⑥violent adj.________→ violence n.________答案 ①灾难 ②家具 装备；配备 ③(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击 ④可能；可能性 可能的 不可能的 ⑤吓人的；可怕的 感到害怕的 使害怕 ⑥猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的 暴力用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.________ (lucky)，I discovered the job—Data Analyst—this month and have been going full steam ahead.(2016·北京，阅读A)
2.The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty，surrounded by criminals and ________(violent)，had written a new chapter in the history of sports.(2016·江苏，阅读D)
3.The terrible weather made it ______ for us to go on vacation and there is a ______ that the trip plan would be abandoned.(possible)4.What happened without any previous warning that day ________ all the passengers aboard the train.It was really a ________ scene，and many people are still ________ at the thought of taking a high-speed train.(terrify)
5.________ (fortunate)there was someone at hand，so we asked him to deliver the message at once.
6.He is an ________ teacher and has twenty years’ teaching ________.(experience)答案 1.Luckily 2.violence 3.impossible；possibility 4.terrified； terrifying；terrified 5.Fortunately 6.experienced；experience?“发生”词汇大全
①occur vi.(偶然)发生 ②happen vi.(偶然)发生
③take place (计划等)发生 ④break out (灾害等)爆发
?“毁坏”动词家族
①damage 毁坏 ②destroy 毁坏
③ruin 毁坏 ④harm 损害
⑤injure 损害 ⑥hurt 损害
【联想·积累】?“打、击”动词全扫描
①strike 打；击 ②beat 敲打
③hit 击中 ④knock 打；敲
?后缀-ly副词小结
①thankfully 感激地
②truly 真正地
③bravely 勇敢地
④quietly 安静地
⑤similarly 相似地
⑥fluently 流利地Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
根据汉语意思补全下列短语
1.pick________ 卷起；掀起；拾起；接载；偶然学会；情况转好
2.take________ 去掉；脱掉；起飞
3.________average 平均起来
4.end______ 结果为……；以……结束
5.set fire________ 放火(焚烧)……
6.________ fire 着火
7.put ________ 扑灭(火)；生产；制造8.take ________ 发生，进行
9.plenty________ 许多；大量
10.________ all 总共；总计
答案 1.up 2.off 3.on 4.up 5.to 6.catch 7.out 8.place 9.of 10.in用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1.I ________________the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island，and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读C)
2.The common cold is a good example: women，________________，get fewer colds than men.
3.There are thirty people________ in the party who will travel to Hainan.4.The house________ last night.It’s said that it was ________ on purpose.
答案 1.picked up 2.on average 3.in all 4.caught fire；set fire to【联想·积累】?set短语多棱镜
①set about开始做(某事)(doing)
②set aside存储；省出
③set down放下；写下
④set off出发；使爆炸
⑤set out启程；阐述；开始(to do)?有关“fire”的短语
①set fire to＝set sth on fire 点燃；放火(焚烧)……
②be on fire着火；燃烧着
③catch fire着火
④make/set/light/start a fire点火；生火
⑤put out the fire灭火Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
原句背诵感悟
1.They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。
2.On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。
3.When the lava reached the sea，there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大的浪潮，这种浪潮会淹没半个岛屿。句型公式仿写
1. “leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”
Don’t ________________(让他等) outside in the rain.
2.现在分词短语作结果状语
He didn’t come to attend her birthday party，_______________
(使她非常伤心).
3.There is the possibility of...有……的可能性
However，many people believe________________ (有可能危险) in any situation when strangers meet.
答案 1.leave him waiting 2.making her very sad 3.there is the possibility of danger【联想·积累】“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”常见结构
(1)leave＋宾语＋形容词
(2)leave＋宾语＋分词，宾语与宾语补足语之间如果是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词；是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词
(3)leave＋宾语＋不定式
(4)leave＋宾语＋名词
(5)leave＋宾语＋介词短语
(6)leave＋宾语＋where引导的地点状语从句/as引导的方式状语从句[单 词 点 睛]1.experience vt.经历；体验 n.[C]经历；[U]经验
[教材原句]Do you know anyone who has experienced one of the events?
你认识曾经经历过其中一种事件的人吗？高考必备词汇——精讲精练 (1)experience in在……方面的经验
by/from experience通过经验，从经验中
in one’s experience根据某人的经验看
(2)experienced adj.有经验的；熟练的
be experienced in在……方面有经验单句语法填空/写作运用
①—Guess what，we’ve got our visas for a short－term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You________________ (experience)a different culture then.
②________ my experience，there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability，money，and time.
③She ________________looking after children.
她在照看孩子方面很有经验。
答案 ①will be experiencing ②From/In ③is very experienced in[一言串记] He is an officer with experience，who has many unusual experiences.
他是个有经验的军官，有着很多不同寻常的经历。
[名师点津] experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词；作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词。2.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸，使专心
[教材原句]The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan’s coffin ended up in the sea.掩埋科格伦的公墓被飓风所摧毁，他的棺材最后被卷入了大海。bury sth under/beneath...将某物埋在……下面
bury one’s head/face in hands用手捂住某人的头/脸
bury oneself in＝ be buried in 埋头于……；专心于……
be buried in thought沉思单句语法填空/写作运用
①She couldn’t stand the pain so that she buried her face________hands and sobbed uncontrollably.
②Since failing in the College Entrance Examination，he ________________ his studies.
自高考失意后，他埋头苦学。
答案 ①in ②has been buried in/buried himself in3.occur vi.发生；出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现
[教材原句]Almost all of them occur in the US，in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.几乎所有这些飓风都发生在美国，从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科地区。sth occur(s) to sb某人想到……；……出现在某人头脑中
It occurs to sb to do sth/that...某人突然想到……单句语法填空/写作运用
①Ralph W.Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred ________ him.
②I suppose it never occurred to you ________ (phone) the police.
③________________he would make such a great success in teaching career.
他从来没有想到他会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。
答案 ①to ②to phone ③It never occurs to him that[名师点津] 表示“某人想到……”还可以用下列句式：It strikes/hits sb that...sth strikes sb，sth comes to sb※strike vt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；敲钟，报时；擦，划(火柴) n.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工
[教材原句]By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.
到19世纪90年代末他已搬到了Galveston，并于1899年，也就是飓风袭击的前一年在那里去世。
常考必会词汇——理解辨认(1)strike sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位 打某人某处
be struck by被……打动
sth strikes sb某人突然想起……
It strikes sb that.../It strikes sb to do...某人突然想到……
(2)be on strike在罢工
go on strike举行罢工说出下列句中strike的含义/单句语法填空/写作运用
①The workers are coming out on strike for higher wages.
②At midnight you’ll hear the clock strike twelve.
③It suddenly struck me that we had taken the wrong road.
④Last night a hurricane struck the city.
⑤A snowball struck him on the back of the head.
⑥The visitors were struck ________ the beauty of the country.
⑦________________ we ought to make a new plan.
我突然想到，我们应该制定一个新的方案。
答案 ①罢工 ②报时 ③使突然想起 ④袭击
⑤击打 ⑥by ⑦It suddenly struck me that [短 语 点 拨] 1.pick up 卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起，拿起；接收(信号)；(无意中)学会；收拾，生意等好转，恢复
[教材原句]Tornadoes can pick up cars，trains and even houses and put them down in the next street—or even in the next town.龙卷风能够卷起汽车、火车甚至房子，把它们卷到邻近的街道——甚至邻近的城镇。pick on挑剔；捉弄；选中
pick off摘下
pick out选出；辨别出说出下列句中pick up的含义/单句语法填空
①He picked up some French while living with a Frenchman.
②The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.
③The school bus picks up the children three times every day.
④My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.⑤The room must be picked up before the guests arrive.
⑥Perhaps you can help me pick________ a pair of jeans now，since you are an expert.
⑦When you’re a kid，the older kids sometimes pick ________ you.
答案 ①学会 ②接收(信号) ③用车接送 ④恢复；好转 ⑤收拾，整理 ⑥out ⑦on 2.end up 结果为……；以……结束
[教材原句]The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan’s coffin ended up in the sea.科格伦的墓地被飓风毁掉，结果灵柩也冲到大海里去了。end up doing sth最终在做某事
end (up) in以……告终；结果为……
end (up) with以……结束(指以某种方式结束)
end up as作为……而结束单句语法填空
①Some people tried many ways to lose weight，ending up ________ (gain) weight soon again.
②The lecture ended up________a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.
③If he carries on driving like that，he’ll end up________prison.
答案 ①gaining ②with ③in[句 式 透 析]※[教材原句]When the lava reached the sea，there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大浪潮，它会淹没半个岛屿。
本句中出现了there is/was the possibility of结构，表示“有……的可能性”。表示可能性的句型还有：There is (no) possibility of/that...有(没有)可能……
The possibility is that...可能……
It is possible that...可能……单句语法填空/单句改错
① ________ is possible that there is life on other worlds.
②Is there any possibility ________your getting to London this week?
③There is a possibility the climate of the world may be changing.
答案 ①It ②of ③possibility后加that课件48张PPT。必修三Module 3 The Violence of Nature基 础 知 识
Ⅰ.单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．disaster n． __________
2．current n． __________
3．tropical adj. __________
4．previous adj. __________灾难
海流；潮流
热带的
以前的 核心词汇识记
1.__________ vt.引起；导致
2.__________ vi. 发生
3.__________ vt.& n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
4.__________ vt.毁坏
5.__________ n．& v．损失；损害
6.__________vt.经历n.经历；经验→____________adj.有经验的
7.__________n．家具→__________vt.装备，配备
8.__________ vt.埋葬→__________n．埋葬；葬礼cause
occur
strike
ruin
damage
experience experienced furniture furnish bury burial 9.__________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→__________n．暴力
10.__________n．可能；可能性→__________adj.可能的
11.__________adj.吓人的；可怕的→__________adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→ __________vt.使恐惧；使害怕
12.__________adv.幸运地；幸亏→__________adj.幸运的→__________ n．运气；财富
13.__________adv.伤心地；不幸地→__________adj.悲伤的→__________ n．悲伤
14.__________n．警告→__________v．警告violent violencepossibility possible terrifying terrified terrify fortunately fortunate fortune sadlysad sadnesswarning warn [情景活用]
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He has __________ a lot so he has a lot of __________.(experience)
2．The __________ earthquake damaged their village. Luckily, only a few people were injured. But they were __________.(terrify)
3．Many bad men struck their neighborhood __________. People were angry at their __________ behaviour and resisted their __________ bravely. (violent)
4．To her __________， she had no choice but to hug her mother who was crying __________.(sad)experienced experience terrifying terrified violently violent violencesadness sadly
Ⅱ.短语互译速记
1．指的是；谈到；提到；涉及 __________
2．拿起，举起；收拾；接载；偶然学会；恢复
__________
3．记下；放下；镇压 __________
4．去掉；脱掉；起飞；成功 __________refer to
pick up
put down
take off 5．on average __________
6．end up ________________________
7．set fire to ________________
8．catch fire __________
9．put out __________
10．turn over __________________
11．take place __________
12．in all __________平均起来
结果为……，以……结束
放火(焚烧)……
着火
扑灭(火)
翻过来；翻阅(书页)
发生
总共；总计 [情景活用]
选用上述短语填空
1．The firefighters spent one hour __________ the fire.
2．People often can't adapt when great changes __________.
3．The person he __________ at the meeting was an officer.
4．He __________ some French in France. He __________ what he remembered in his notebook after return.putting outtake place referred to pick up put down
Ⅲ.佳句精析精练
1．They can destroy houses, but ______________________________________.
它们(龙卷风)能够毁坏房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。
[解析] 属于“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
[仿写] 你让机器日夜一直开着是不对的。
It's wrong of you to _________________________ day and night.leave the furniture inside exactly where it was leave the machine running
2．On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, ____________________________________.
美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1500人受伤。
[解析] causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injures是现在分词短语作结果状语。
[仿写] 南方雨下得很大，导致好几个省发生洪涝灾害。
It rained heavily in the south, ______________________ in several provinces.causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries causing serious flooding
3．By the time it ended, more than 700 people _____________ and 2,700 _______________.
到这次飓风结束时，已有700多人死亡，2700多人受伤。
[解析] by the time“到……时候”引导时间状语从句。
[仿写] 妈妈回来时我已经完成了这项工作。
By the time Mum came back, I ___________________.had been killed had been injuredhad finished the work
4．When the lava reached the sea, ______________________ huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。
[解析] There is/was the possibility of表示“有……的可能性”。
[仿写] 不过，许多人相信与陌生人见面会有危险。
However, many people believe ______________________ danger in any situation when strangers meet.there was the possibility of there is the possibility of Ⅳ.单元语法过关
过去完成时的被动语态 直接引语与间接引语
语法填空
1．The two nurses _________________(reward) 100, 000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.
[解析] 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：两位护士被警方奖励了100,000元，但是他们把钱捐给了爆炸事件的遇难者。根据句意可知， reward所表示的动作发生在“donated”这一动作之前，所以用过去完成时；分析句子结构可知，“reward” 与“the two nurses”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。had been rewarded 2．When she returned home, Rose found her computer ________________ (remove) and she was very confused.
[解析] 分析句子成分可知，remove与computer构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据句意可知，remove这一动作发生在returned之前，故此处应用过去完成时。
3．By the end of last year, the railway __________________(complete)．
[解析] 考查时态和语态。句意：到去年年底为止，这条铁路已经完工了。根据By the end of last year可知，complete的动作发生在过去的过去，the railway和complete之间是动宾关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。had been removed had been completed 4．Later Mrs Green decided to buy that kind of cloth because she ____________ (tell) that the cloth __________(wash) very well.
[解析] 考查时态和语态。由语意可知，Mrs Green被告知这种布很好洗发生在她决定买之前，表示过去的过去，第一空用过去完成时。that the cloth __________ very well是tell的宾语从句，主句用过去时，从句也应用过去时。又因为wash常用主动形式表示被动意义，故不用被动语态。
5．Rose looks pale. What do you think _____________(happen)to her?
[解析] do you think 作插入语，主句为特殊疑问句。had been told washed has happened 考 点 探 究1．experience vt.经历；感受；体验；遭受n.经验；经历高频单词has much experience has experienced great changes [构建→导图助记]
注意：experience作“经验”讲时不可数，可用much修饰；experience作“经历”讲时为可数名词，有复数形式。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·天津D篇)Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.
失败可能是一个人所经历过的最累的经历。2．cause vt.引起；导致；使遭受 n．原因；事业；目标to fallof causing
[归纳拓展]
(1)cause sb. sth. 给某人造成某种结果
cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
(2)the cause of... ……的原因
cause and effect 因果[辨析→明晰异同][一言辨异]
Laziness is the cause of our failure and we shouldn't try to find any excuse and now have every reason to work harder.
懒惰是导致我们失败的原因，我们不应该试图寻找任何借口，现在我们没有任何理由不去更努力的工作。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·浙江A篇)People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
人们常常认为说闲话的人是无害的，但残酷的谎言可以造成痛苦。3．occur vi. 发生，出现；被想起；被想到occured to it occur to
[归纳拓展]
sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事。
It occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起……。
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事。
It occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked.
我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。[辨析→明晰异同]①Two world wars broke out last century.
上个世纪爆发了两次世界大战。
②The sports meeting will take place next week.
运动会下星期举行。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·江苏完形填空)Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.
几年前一个重要的事件发生在我的生活中，它将永远改变我的生活。4．strike v. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打，击；咬伤；打动；(钟)敲响(报时)；使突然想起 n. 打击；空袭；攻击；罢工was struck bystruck him on It strikes me that
[归纳拓展]
(1)sth. strikes sb. 某人突然想起某事
It strikes sb.that... 某人突然想到……
strike sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位 打某人某处
be struck by... 被……打动；被……击中
(2)be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工[图解助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2015·北京阅读第二节)Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.
最后你永远不会知道当你的心思在慢慢走远时，你会想到什么样的好主意。5．end up 结果为……，以……结束常考短语ending up gaining weight ended up as [构建→导图助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2015·湖北D篇)You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon－dioxide headache.
最后你可能患上宇航员所称的二氧化碳头疼。
②(2014·安徽D篇)To warn that we could end up living in caves.
警告他们我们最终会居住在洞穴里。6．in all总共；共计in all First of all After all [归纳拓展]
above all最重要的是，首先；尤其是；特别是
after all毕竟，终究，归根结底；别忘了
at all全然；根本；究竟；到底
first of all首先(强调顺序)
all in all总的说来
After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.
毕竟，发现老虎只能证实它们的美，跟踪它们才能使你认识到更多的东西。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·天津A篇)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas—speaking, listening, reading and writing.
我们的标准课程保证了你对外语的信心显着增加，重点在所有4个技能领域的教学——口语，听力，阅读和写作。7．They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.
它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。必备句型leave the water running left the handbag where
①The teacher left little Tom standing all the time.
老师让小汤姆一直站着。
②Leave him to do it himself.
让他自己去做这件事吧。8．On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
在美国，平均每年发生800次龙卷风，引起约80人死亡，1500人受伤。leaving making [归纳拓展]
(1)句中causing about 80 deaths and 1500 injuries是现在分词短语作结果状语。表示句子主干中的动作与状语中的动作之间具有必然的因果关系，通常放在句末。
(2)现在分词短语作结果状语，表自然的、必然的结果；
(3)不定式作结果状语表出乎意料的、没有预料到的结果。
①He is clever and honest, making all of us like him.
他既聪明又诚实，使得我们所有人都喜欢他。
②I hurried to the airport, only to be told that my friend had gone already.
我匆忙赶到机场，结果有人告诉我我的朋友已经走了。课 堂 达 标课 时 作 业课件37张PPT。Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1.核心词汇①________ vt.预报；预告
②________ n.大气；大气层；气氛
③________ n.环境
④________ n.根据；证明
⑤________ adv.绝对地；完全地
⑥________ adj.关心的；担心的；有关的→________ n.& vt.关心；担心→________ prep.关于；就……而言⑦________ adj.紧急的→________ vt.催促；极力主张→________ n.紧急情况
⑧________ vt.污染→________ n.污染
⑨________ vi.抱怨；发牢骚→________ n.抱怨
⑩________ n.保护→________ vt.保护
答案 ①forecast ②atmosphere ③environment ④evidence ⑤absolutely ⑥concerned；concern；concerning ⑦urgent；urge；urgency ⑧pollute；pollution ⑨complain；complaint ⑩protection；protect2.常考词汇①mass adj.________________
②process n.________________
③recycle v.________________
④strength n.________→strengthen vt.________
⑤frightening adj.______→frightened adj.________→frighten vt.________→fright n.________
答案 ①大量的；大规模的 ②进程；过程 ③重新利用；再循环 ④力量；力气 加强 ⑤吓人的；可怕的 害怕的 使害怕 害怕；恐惧用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.This is despite________(evident) that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.(2016·江苏，阅读C)
2.Others are ________ (concern)about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).(2016·全国Ⅱ，七选五)
3.In this box are some stem cells that are ________(urgent) needed for a patient—please，please，you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.(2016·全国Ⅰ，阅读C)4.The________ scene ________ the boy. He felt ________ but he tried to hide his ________.(fright)
5.Lacking proper ________ against cold，we try to make a fire to ________ us from the cold night.(protect)
6.We ________ feel that many factors determine whether we can succeed，including a ________ body and a good personality.Knowing our ________ is also very important to ________ the ties with the people around us.(strong)
答案 1.evidence 2.concerned 3.urgently 4.frightening；frightened；frightened；fright 5.protection；protect 6.strongly；strong；strength； strengthen
?“可怕的”高频词大观园
①frightening adj.吓人的；可怕的
②scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
③terrible adj.可怕的
④horrible adj.恐怖的
⑤terrifying adj.令人惊恐的；吓人的
⑥awful adj.可怕的；惊人的【联想·积累】?后缀-th高频词集锦
①strength n.力量；力气 ②length n.长度
③warmth n.温暖 ④health n.健康
⑤faith n.信念；信仰 ⑥depth n.深度
?后缀-th名词集锦
①strength 力量 ②length 长度
③warmth 温暖 ④truth 真理
⑤youth 青春?en-开头名词大团圆
①environment 环境
②encouragement 鼓励
③endurance 忍耐力
④engagement 约定
⑤entertainment 招待Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
根据汉语意思补全下列短语
1.cut ________砍倒；减少，缩减
2.be caught ________突然遭遇(风暴等)
3.one ________another 一个接一个地
4.have a bad effect ________对……有坏影响
5.take________吸收；欺骗；理解
6.give ________ 放出；发出；停止运转7.______ a nutshell简言之；概括地讲
8.look ________浏览；翻阅；翻找
答案 1.down 2.in 3.after 4.on 5.in 6.away 7.in 8.through用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1.The more fat you ______________ before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.(2016·四川，阅读D)
2.There are many people who want to earn some money by ________________ trees.
3.On my way home yesterday，I ______________ the heavy rain.4.He has formed a habit of ________________ evening papers in his spare time.
答案 1.take in 2.cutting down 3.was caught in 4.looking through【联想·积累】?由one after another所想到的
①one by one一个接一个地
②one after the other相继地；一个接一个地
③one and all全都
④one and only独一无二的
?look短语一览
①look through浏览；翻阅；翻找
②look up抬头看；查找；查阅
③look up to尊敬；敬仰
④look into朝里看；调查；深入了解Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
原句背诵感悟
1.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，浓密的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往车辆行驶得很慢。
2.The garbage is then taken away and，if possible，recycled.然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，再被回收利用。句型公式仿写
1.make it＋adj./n.＋to do...
The Internet________________ (使人们更容易地获取信息) they want.
2.if引导的条件状语从句中的省略
He will，________________(如果可能的话)，transfer to a better university.
答案 1.makes it easier for people to get the information 2.if possible【联想·积累】make＋复合宾语的常用结构
(1)make＋宾语＋名词/代词/形容词/介词短语(作宾语补足语)
(2)make ＋宾语＋不带to的不定式(作宾语补足语)/过去分词
(3)make＋宾语＋从句(作宾语补足语)
(4)make＋形式宾语it ＋形容词或名词(作宾语补足语) ＋带to的不定式(作真正的宾语)[单 词 点 睛]1.concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的
[教材原句]I can’t help but feel very concerned.
我禁不住感到很担心。高考必备词汇——精讲精练 (1)be concerned with...与……有关；涉及
be concerned about/for...关心/担心……
as far as...be concerned就……而言/来说
(2)concern n.& v.关心；担心
express one’s concern about对……表示关心/担心
(3)concerning prep.关于 单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用
①They follow the rules，help out，and are concerned ________the people they work with.
②He asked several questions concerned the future of the company.
③________________，they are more interested in how the other women dress than other things.
就女人而言，她们对别的女人的衣着打扮比对其他事情更感兴趣。
答案 ①about/for ②concerned →concerning ③As far as women are concerned[名师点津] concerned充当前置定语时，意为“关心的，挂念的”；如果表示“有关的”，作定语要后置。如：a concerned father一位担心的父亲；all the people concerned所有相关的人员。2.urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的
[教材原句]What is the most urgent problem of all?
最要紧的事是什么？(1)in urgent need of急需
(2)urge vt.催促；极力主张
urge sb to do sth/into doing sth力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge (sb) on力劝；强烈要求
urge that-clause强烈要求；极力主张
(3)urgency n.紧急；紧急情况单句语法填空
①The people in the earthquake-stricken area are ________urgent need of food，medicine and shelters.
②The public urged that the government ________(take) measures to prevent such cases from happening again.
答案 ①in ②(should) take[名师点津] urge表示“极力主张，强烈要求”时接that引导的宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。3.complain v.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉
[教材原句]He does nothing but complain.
他只知道抱怨。(1)complain (to sb) of/about sth/doing sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨某事；(向某人)发牢骚
(2)complaint n.抱怨；投诉；控告
make a complaint about/of sth抱怨/投诉某事
make a complaint to sb向某人抱怨/投诉单句语法填空/写作运用
①Several passengers complained ________ the air company ________ the bad service on the flight.
②If you want to ________________ that，you should see the manager.
如果你想投诉那件事，你应该去见经理。
答案 ①to；about/of ②make a complaint about※strength n.力量；力气；长处；优势；强度
[教材原句]The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing，but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.中国中央气象台能够在沙尘暴到达北京前几周预测到，但是有时沙尘暴的强度还是令人吃惊。常考必会词汇——理解辨认(1)build up one’s strength 强身健体
with all one’s strength 用尽全身的力气
strengths and weaknesses优势和劣势
have the strength to do sth有力气/意志做某事
(2)strengthen vt.加强；增强；改善单句语法填空/写作运用
①While DNA test will help ________ (strength) people’s health consciousness，it is more probable that it will lead to over- anxiety.(2015·广东，满分作文)
②Having failed once again，he didn’t have the strength ________________ (have) another try.
③I pushed the car ________________ but it didn’t move at all.
我用尽全力推那辆车，可它根本就不动。
答案 ①strengthen ②to have ③with all my strength[短 语 点 拨] 1.cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量)；驳倒
[教材原句]Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
人们砍伐树木和铲除草地也会导致沙漠的形成。cut in插话；让某人分享利润
cut up切碎；齐根切掉
cut out删除
cut off切断，中止单句语法填空/写作运用
①Because of the terrible earthquake，the electricity of the city has been cut ________.
②________________when their seniors are talking.
孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴讲话是不礼貌的。
答案 ①off ②It is impolite for children to cut in2.take in 吸收；欺骗；包含；理解；留宿
[教材原句]Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.树木吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。take off起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功
take over接管；占领
take up拿起；占用；开始(从事)
take on承担；呈现；雇佣说出下列句中take in的含义/单句语法填空
①I found it easy to take in what the professor had said.
②I managed to rent a big enough house to take in homeless people.
③This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in.
④Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
⑤Will you take________the driving when we reach Madison?⑥ When did you take ________ Japanese as a second foreign language?
答案 ①理解；领会 ②收留；留宿 ③包括；包含 ④欺骗；上当 ⑤over ⑥up[句 式 透 析]※[教材原句]The garbage is then taken away and，if possible，recycled.
然后把垃圾带走，如果可能的话，进行回收利用。
此处if possible相当于if it is possible，属于省略句，常在句中作插入语，起补充说明的作用。(1)在if，when，while，once，unless等引导的状语从句中如果含有be的某种形式，从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语是it时，从句的主语和be可以省略。
(2)常见的含有if的省略结构：
if necessary如有必要
if possible如有可能
if not如果不是这样的话
if so如果这样/那样的话
if any如果真有的话
if ever若曾经有的话单句语法填空/写作运用
①While ________ (walk) along the river bank，she was singing a pop song.
②He won’t go there with us unless ________(invite).
③________________，ring me at home.
如果有必要，朝我家里打电话。
答案 ①walking ②invited ③If (it is) necessary课件45张PPT。必修三Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia基 础 知 识Ⅰ.单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．mass adj. _________________
2. forecast vt. __________
3．atmosphere n． ____________
4．environment n． __________
5．desertification n． ______________
6．campaign n． __________
7．process n． __________大量的；大规模的
预报；预告
大气，大气层
环境
(土地的)沙漠化
战役；活动
进程；过程 核心词汇识记
1.__________ v．重新利用；再循环
2.__________ adv.绝对地；完全地
3.____________adj.吓人的；可怕的→__________vt.吓唬；使害怕→ __________→n.恐惧；害怕
4.__________n．力量；力气→__________v．加强→__________adj.强壮的；坚强的→__________adv.坚强地
5.__________adj.关心的；担心的；有关的→__________n．& v．关心，担心→____________prep.关于recycle absolutely frightening frighten fright strength strengthen strongstrongly concerned concern concerning 6.__________n．根据；证明→__________adj.显然的；明显的
7.__________adj.主要的，多数的→__________n．大多数
8.__________adj.紧急的→__________vt.催促；极力主张→__________ n．紧急；紧急情况
9.__________n．污染→__________vt.污染
10.__________vi.抱怨；发牢骚→__________n．抱怨
11.__________n．保护→__________v．保护evidenceevident major majority urgent urge urgency pollution pollute complain complaint protection protect [情景活用]
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Faced with serious __________， we must take measures to stop __________ our planet.(pollute)
2．The __________ scene __________ the boy. He felt __________ but he tired to hide his __________.(fright)
3．He always __________ about his job. His friends ignored his __________. (complain)
4．Lacking proper __________ against cold, we try to make a fire to __________ us from the cold night. (protect)pollution polluting frighteningfrightened frightened fright complained complaint protection protect Ⅱ.短语互译速记
1．砍倒；削减；减少 __________
2．突然遭遇(风暴等) __________
3．一个接一个地 _______________
4．对……有坏影响 __________________
5．醒来面对；意识到 __________
6．take in _________________
7．give out ________________________________
8．can't help but __________
9．in a nutshell _________________
10．look through _________________cut down
be caught in
one after another
have a bad effect on
wake up to
吸收；理解；欺骗
放出，发出；分发；用尽；精疲力竭
不得不
简言之；概括地讲
浏览，翻阅，查阅 [情景活用]
选用上述短语填空
1．The plants can __________ carbon dioxide and __________ oxygen that we need.
2．People have __________ masses of trees, which ___________________ our environment.
3．Now we _____________ face the natural disasters ________________.
4．He _____________ a big storm and worse still, he __________ the situation of getting lost in the forest.woke up to take in give out cut down have a bad effect on can't help but one after another was caught in
Ⅲ.佳句精析精练
1．They are often __________ thick __________ you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.
沙尘常常很厚以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。
[解析] so...that...引导结果状语从句。
[仿写] 男孩如此害怕，以至于不知如何是好。
The boy was ________________ he didn't know what to do.sothat so frightened that 2．The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust ________________________.
沙尘暴有时候持续一整天，密集的沙尘使得能见度很低，因此来往车辆行驶得很慢。
[解析] “make it＋adj./n.＋to do...”中it是形式宾语，形容词或名词作宾补，不定式是真正的宾语。
[仿写] 互联网使得人们可以更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。
The Internet _______________________________ the information they want.makes it difficult to see makes it easier for people to get
3．The garbage is then taken away and, __________， recycled.
然后将垃圾运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。
[解析] if possible是if it is possible的省略形式。
[仿写] 如果可能的话，他会调入一个更好一些的大学。
He will, __________， transfer to a better university.if possible if possible Ⅳ.单元语法过关
动词不定式
语法填空
1．Volunteering gives you a chance__________ (change) lives, including your own.
[解析] 做志愿者工作给你一个改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作后置定语。to change
2.__________ (stay) warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.
[解析] 为了在晚上保持暖和，我填满了柴炉。然后把闹钟定时到半夜，这样我可以再填满炉子。
3．I stopped the car __________ (take) a short break as I was feeling tired.
[解析] 我感到累了，因此将车停了下来稍做休息。此处用不定式表示目的。To stay to take
4．He is thought ____________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
[解析] 本句考查的是固定句式：sb be thought to...“某人被认为……”；如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。句意：他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。根据句意可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。to have acted
5．Many farmers in the countryside have gone to cities to look for work and left their children behind _____________ (raise) by their grandparents.
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多农民到城里打工而将孩子留给他们的爷爷奶奶抚养。根据句意可知，本句话强调“抚养”的动作尚未完成，且孩子与抚养之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。to be raised 考 点 探 究1．strength n．力量；力气；长处；优势高频单词with all his strength have strength to walk [构建→导图助记][辨析→明晰异同]
[高考寻踪]
① (2016·全国新课标ⅠB篇)It strengthened her family ties.
它加强了她的家庭关系。
②(2015·安徽B篇) When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity.
当他的五个女儿年轻时，Helene An总是告诉他们团结就是力量。2．concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的concerning with about/for [构建→导图助记]提示：concerned作形容词时，意为“关心的，挂念的，担心的”，充当前置定语；表示“相关的，有关的”，作定语时要后置。例如：a concerned look关切的神色；the authorities concerned有关部门。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·全国新课标Ⅱ七选五) Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers.
其他人则担心使用那些需要更少的水和更少的肥料的园艺方法。3．urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的be kept urgent to do [归纳拓展]
(1)in urgent need of 急需
(2)urge vt.催促；极力主张
urge sb.to do sth./into doing sth.力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge(sb.)on 力劝；强烈要求
urge＋that－clause强烈要求；极力主张[从句谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形]
(3)urgency n．紧急；紧急情况
urgently adv.紧急地The people in the earthquake－stricken area are in urgent need of food，medicine and shelters.
地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·全国新课标ⅠC篇)In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient.
在这个盒子里装着病人迫切需要的一些干细胞。4．complain vi.抱怨；发牢骚；控诉，投诉，诉说complain to me that
complain to me about not getting
make a complaint to me that [归纳拓展]
(1)complain (to sb.) of/about sth. (向某人)投诉/抱怨某事
complain (to sb.) that... (向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n．抱怨；投诉；控告
make a complaint (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨/投诉某事
①Mary complained that Tom hadn't returned the book to her.
玛丽抱怨说汤姆没有把书还给她。
②If you want to make a complaint about their service, you should see their manager.
如果你要投诉他们的服务的话，你应该去见他们的经理。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·四川完形填空)“No, it's too long and it doesn't have any pictures.” complained Lainey.
莱内抱怨道：“不，它太长了，也没有任何图片。”5．give out放出；分发；用完；精疲力竭；(指发动机等)停止运转；宣布或广播某事常考短语宣布 用完 停止运转 分发 [图解助记]
提示：(1)give out表示“分发，发出，放出，公布”的意义时，为及物动词短语，主语为人。
(2)give out表示“耗尽，精疲力竭”时，与run out相同都是不及物动词短语，主语通常是物，而不是人，不能用于被动语态；而use up和run out of为及物动词短语，主语是人而不是物，use up可以用于被动语态。
[归纳拓展]
give away免费送出某物；赠送；泄露某事物或出卖
give in (to sb./sth.) (向某人/某事物)屈服
give sth. off 发出(气味或热)
give up 放弃6．take in欺骗；收留；理解；包括；改小；吸收收养，收留 欺骗 吸收，摄入改小 包括，包含领会，理解
[归纳拓展]
take off 脱下；起飞；请假；(事业)成功
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take over 接收；接管
take up 占据；开始从事
take down 记下；写下；拆下
take apart 拆开，分开
[高考寻踪]
(2015·全国Ⅱ语法填空)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly during cool nights.
由土坯制成的墙在热天会吸收太阳的热量并且在夜晚会慢慢地释放出这些热量。7．The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.
沙暴有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃使得能见度很低。必备句型makes it impossible for him [归纳拓展]
(1)“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”是一个常用句式，其中作宾语补足语的可以是动词原形、形容词、名词或过去分词。
(2)如果make后的宾语是动词不定式或从句，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，把真正的宾语放在后面。find，feel, think, take等动词也有这样的用法。
①She makes it clear that we must finish our task before dinner.
她明确表示我们必须在晚饭之前完成任务。
②I feel it an honour to be invited to speak here.
受邀在此讲话我感到非常荣幸。8．The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled.
然后垃圾被运走；倘若可能的话，被回收利用。If necessary
Though very angry [归纳拓展]
在if, when, once, until, unless, while, as if等引导的状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致，谓语动词中含有be动词，有时为了使句子简洁，可将主语和系动词省略。在被动语态中有时也采用这种省略现象。
①While(he was)in Vienna he studied music.
他在维也纳时学习了音乐。
②I won't attend the party unless invited.(＝...if not invited.)(可互换)
如果没有被邀请，我不会去参加聚会的。提示：if引导省略的情况有下列几种：
if any 如果有的话
if necessary 如果需要的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if not 如果不这样的话
if possible 如果可能的话
[高考寻踪]
(2015·浙江A篇)While walking, I noticed a pony roll over on his back.
当我在走路时，我注意到一只马驹躺在地上翻滚。课 堂 达 标课 时 作 业课件38张PPT。Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1.核心词汇①________ n.秩序
②________ n.自由
③________ vi.辞职
④________ adj.平等的；相等的 v.比得上→________ n.平等→ ________ adv.平等地；相等地
⑤________ n.重要；重要性→________ adj.重要的⑥________ n.善良→________ adj.善良的
⑦________ n.诚实→________ adj.诚实的
⑧________ n.公正→________ adj.公正的
⑨________ n.贡献→________ v.贡献；捐献
⑩________ vt.发明→________ n.发明→________ n.发明家
答案 ①order ②freedom ③resign ④equal；equality；equally ⑤importance；important ⑥kindness；kind
⑦honesty；honest ⑧justice；just ⑨contribution；contribute ⑩invent；invention； inventor2.常考词汇①principle n. ________
②stress vt.________
③fuel n. ________
④condition n. ________
⑤influential adj.________→
influence n.& v.________
⑥argument n.________→
argue v.________
答案 ①原则；准则 ②强调 ③燃料 ④状况；条件；环境 ⑤有影响的 影响 ⑥争论；辩论；讨论 争论；辩论用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Learning to deal with the social world is________(equal) important.(2016·北京，阅读D)
2.First of all，the theme of the show is environmental protection，which is of great ________ (important) in today’s society.(2016·全国Ⅱ，满分作文)
3.His great________ to the company have ________ to its rapid development in recent years.(contribute)
4.The________ boy impressed all the employers with his ________.(honesty)5.Edison was a great ________ and was famous for his ________ because he ________ many things in his life.(invent)
6.He finally won his ________(free)after twenty years in prison.
7.I deeply appreciate your ________(kind)in coming so far to meet me.
答案 1.equally 2.importance 3.contributions；contributed 4.honest；honesty 5.inventor；inventions；invented 6.freedom 7.kindness?后缀-ness名词大观园
①kindness善良 ②blindness盲目
③darkness黑暗 ④weakness虚弱
⑤loneliness寂寞
?-y结尾名词一览
①honesty诚实 ②academy学院
③modesty谦虚 ④harmony和谐
⑤jealousy嫉妒 ⑥variety多样性【联想·积累】?后缀-dom名词荟萃
①freedom自由 ②boredom无聊
③wisdom智慧 ④kingdom王国
?“燃料”名词集锦
①fuel燃料 ②coal煤炭
③oil石油 ④gas汽油
⑤petrol汽油Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
根据汉语意思补全下列短语
1.agree________同意；与……相符；适合(某人)
2.be________war with与……交战
3.bring ________养育；抚养
4.become interested ________对……感兴趣
5.a sense ______responsibility责任感
6.be proud ________为……自豪
7.________ conclusion总之
8. ________ the first time第一次
答案 1.with 2.at 3.up 4.in 5.of 6.of 7.in 8.for用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1.We are very ____________ ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.(2016·北京，写作)
2.He ________________ painting when he was a little boy.
3.________________，I think the best way to make a friend is to be honest.
4.I find that country life really ________________ me.
5.They have ________________ their sons to stand on their own feet.
答案 1.proud of 2.became interested in 3.In conclusion 4.agrees with 5.brought up【联想·积累】?“at＋n.”短语集锦
①at war交战
②at peace 处于和平状态
③at work在工作
④at rest在休息
⑤at risk在冒险
⑥at table在吃饭?sense短语多棱镜
①come to one’s senses醒过来
②in a sense从某种意义上来说
③in no sense决不
④make sense讲得通Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
原句背诵感悟
1.Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人
2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
但是它也是一个有许多伟大的哲学家的时代。
3.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。句型公式仿写
1.the way＋that/in which引导的定语从句
She admired________________(我回答问题的方式).
2.when引导定语从句修饰先行词a time
________________ (曾经一度)he was disappointed and wanted to leave here.
3.the reason why...is that...……的原因是……
________________________ (他迟到的原因)was that he slept too late last night.
答案 1.the way(that/in which) I answered the questions 2.There was a time when 3.The reason why he was late【联想·积累】巧解way作先行词时的定语从句
(1)如果定语从句缺少方式状语，则关系词选用以下三种其中任意一种：in which，that 或 省略不用关系词。
(2)如果定语从句缺少主语/宾语时，则关系词可以选用which/that，如果作宾语时也可以省略不用关系词。[单 词 点 睛]1.equal adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的 v.等于；抵得上 n.同等的人或物
[教材原句]All human beings are equal.
所有的人都是平等的。高考必备词汇——精讲精练 (1)be equal to (doing) sth等于；能胜任
be equal with与……平等
equal sb/sth in在……方面与某人/某事物相等
(2)equality n.相等；平等
equally adv.相等地；平等地单句语法填空/写作运用
①I don’t think Bob is equal to______ (be) a manager，for he has little knowledge about management.
②Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be________(equal)respected.
③For another，be positive and cheerful，for your mental health ________________.(2014·江西，满分作文)
另一方面，要积极快活，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。
答案 ①being ②equally ③is equal to your physical health【巧学助记】2.order n.秩序；次序；命令；订购；点的饭菜 vt.命令；订购；点(饭菜)
[教材原句]He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society.
他强调善良、责任和秩序在社会中的重要性。(1)in order of 以……的顺序
in order井然有序；适宜的；妥当的
out of order紊乱的；出故障的
give/place an order for sth with sb(向某人)订购某物
(2)order sb sth＝order sth for sb 为某人订购某物
order sb to do sth命令某人做某事
order that...(should＋)动词原形 命令……单句语法填空/写作运用
①The order came that the soldiers ________ (leave) the small village the next morning.
②I couldn’t ring because the phone________________.
我没法打电话，因为电话坏了。
答案 ①(should) leave ②was out of order[一言串记] He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size.
他命令秘书去订购100本书并把它们按大小顺序排列。
[名师点津] order在表示“命令”，后接同位语从句、宾语从句和表语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”。3.contribution n.贡献；捐款；稿件
[高考佳句]Only in this way can we make a great contribution to our family and our society.(2015·重庆，书面表达)
只有这样我们才能对家庭和社会做出巨大贡献。(1)make contributions/a contribution to...对……作出贡献
(2)contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；导致；投稿
contribute (sth) to...(把……)贡献给……；(向……)捐款；投稿
contribute to...促成；有助于单句语法填空/写作运用
①Honesty will contribute to ________(build) a warm and harmonious society.
②Many people around the world admire China for its great________(contribute)to world peace.
③He ________________ the company’s success.
他已对公司的成功作出了重要的贡献。
答案 ①building ②contributions ③has made an important contribution to【巧学助记】[一言串记] Many people contributed money to the Hope Project，which contributed to many children returning to school.A teacher wrote an article about this and contributed it to a newspaper.
许多人给希望工程捐了钱，使许多孩子重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。 4.condition n.状况；条件；环境
[教材原句]Often，factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions.
通常工厂工人生活在贫穷和拥挤的环境中。(1)under...conditions在……条件下
(2)be in good/bad/poor condition状况良好/恶劣；健康/不健康
out of condition身体不适
(3)on condition (that)...在……条件下；倘若
on no condition绝不(放于句首时，句子需部分倒装)单句语法填空/写作运用
①Although the used car seems ________ good condition，it can’t run too fast.
②________no condition will we give up our dreams.
③You can use the bicycle ________________you return it tomorrow.
只要你明天归还，自行车你可以拿去用。
答案 ①in ②On ③on condition that[一言串记] The flooded area is in bad condition.The people have to live in makeshift tents under the most terrible conditions.
被洪水淹没的地区状况很糟。人们被迫住在临时帐篷里，条件恶劣不堪。
[名师点津]
(1)condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不可数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。
(2)on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前。※stress vt.强调；加压力于；使紧张 n.压力；重压；强调
[高考佳句]People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness，according to a recent research.根据最近的一项研究，宽恕别人的人其悲伤、愤怒和压力都会减轻，而希望却会增加。常考必会词汇——理解辨认(1)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
under stress在压力之下
under the stress of在……压力下；为……所迫
lay/put/place stress on 强调；把重点放在……上
(2)stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的
stressful adj.压力大的；紧张的单句语法填空
①Things can easily go wrong when people are ________stress.
②The life of a high school student is usually active，exciting and full of fun，but it can be ________ (stress) sometimes.
答案 ①under ②stressful[短 语 点 拨] ※bring up 养育；抚养；提出；呕吐
[教材原句]His father died when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother.他的父亲在他小时候就去世了，是母亲把他抚养长大的。bring about引起，导致(事故、变化等)
bring down使……降低；使……倒下
bring in引入；赚得，挣得
bring out显现出；使发挥单句语法填空
①Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing________ their school grades.
②The sale of the car only bring ________ about $1，000.
答案 ①down ②in[句 式 透 析]※[教材原句]Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。(1)believed后面是that引导的宾语从句，从句中使用了“the reason why...is that... ”句式，其中why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句。
(2)reason用作先行词时，首先判断定语从句中缺少什么成分，如果缺少状语，则要使用关系副词why引导定语从句，why有时可省略；如果缺少主语或宾语，则使用that或which引导定语从句。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用
①Why don’t you believe the reason ________ my car was held up in the traffic jam?
②The reason why he explained at the meeting was that he didn’t catch the first bus.
③I think the reason ________________may be the high pressure of study.(2014·安徽，满分作文)
我认为你总是发火的原因或许是学习压力太大了。
答案 ①that ②why→that/which ③why you are always angry
课件41张PPT。必修三Module 5 Great People and Great
Inventions of Ancient China基 础 知 识Ⅰ.单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．principle n． __________
2．philosophy n． __________
3．adviser n． __________
4．category n． __________
核心词汇识记
1.__________ n．职位
2.__________ vt.强调
3.__________ n．状况；条件；环境原则；准则
哲学
顾问
范畴；种类 position
stress
condition 4.__________adj.平等的→__________n．平等
5.__________n．重要；重要性→__________adj.重要的
6.__________adj.有影响的→__________n．&v.影响
7.__________ n．诚实→__________ adj.诚实的
8.__________n．贡献→__________vt.贡献
9.__________vt.发明→__________n．发明→__________n．发明家
10.__________n．争论；辩论；议论→__________v．争论，辩论
11.__________n．自由→__________adj.自由的；空闲的；免费的equal equalityimportance importantinfluential influence honesty honest contributioncontribute invent invention inventorfree argument argue freedom [情景活用]
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He is a very __________ person. He has an important __________on people's ideas.(influential)
2．I dislike their __________ but they often __________ with each other about some small matter.(argue)
3．Edison was a great __________and was famous for his __________ because he __________ many things in his life.(invent)
4.__________ from prison, he continued his struggle for __________of his people.(free)invented influential influence argument argue inventor inventions Freed freedom Ⅱ.短语互译速记
1．与……交战 ______________
2．养育；抚养 __________
3．为……自豪 __________
4．同意；与……相符；适合(某人) __________
5．become interested in ______________
6．in conclusion __________
7．for the first time __________
8．a sense of responsibility __________be at war with
bring up
be proud of
agree with
对……感兴趣
总之
第一次
责任感 [情景活用]
选用上述短语填空
1．These orphans ________________by the government.
2．The previous recipe(食谱) didn't __________ me. I ____________________ the new recipe.
3．If we have ______________________， we should finish the task on time.
4．He won the gold medal ______________ and we ____________ his success.were brought up agree with became interested in a sense of responsibility for the first time were proud of Ⅲ.佳句精析精练
1．Treat others in the __________ you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
[解析] way“方式，方法”，作先行词并且在从句中作状语时，用in which，that或省略关系词的形式引导定语从句。
[仿写] 她羡慕我回答问题的方式。
She admired ______________________ I answered the questions.the way (that)/in which way 2．Mencius believed that ______________ man is different from animals __________ man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
[解析] “The reason why...is that...”中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。
[仿写] 我没有参加宴会的原因是我太忙了。
The reason__________ I didn't attend the party __________ I was too busy.was that the reason why is that why
3．However, we __________ that in 1092 AD he invented...
然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了……
[解析] “do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调。
[仿写] 他的确喜欢听古典音乐。
______________ listening to classical music.He does enjoy do know 4．Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were ______________ a horse.
汽车在19世纪末首次投入使用，那时并不比马快多少。
[解析] “no＋比较级＋than”表示“一者并不比另一者……；两者都不……”。
[仿写] 半真半假的话不见得比说谎要好。
A half truth is often ______________ a lie.no faster than no better than Ⅳ.单元语法过关
定语从句
语法填空
1．That scientist __________ work is successful has been made a model worker.
[解析] 那个工作很成功的科学家已经当选为劳动模范。句中的先行词为that scientist，且空处在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词work，所以用whose引导。
2．His new car, for __________ he paid 7,000 pounds, has already had to be repaired.
[解析] 他花了7,000英镑买来的那辆新车已经不得不修理了。此处是“介词for＋which”引导的定语从句，先行词为his new car。whose which 3．In our school there are 200 computers, __________which 60% need replacing.
[解析] 我们学校有200台电脑，其中有60%的电脑需要更换。此处of表示整体与部分的关系，即用于“部分＋of＋整体(which，whom)”结构中。此句可以转化为“In our school there are 200 computers, and 60% of them need replacing.”。
4．Many people tried to leave the country, __________ there was much violence and a serious shortage of food supply.
[解析] 逗号后面的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词the country，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where。of where
5．The classroom is crowded with children__________ have poor eyesight, all of __________ interested in painting.
[解析] 教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。“who have poor eyesight”是定语从句， 修饰先行词children。“all of them interested in painting”是独立主格结构。who them 考 点 探 究1．equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的 v. 等于；比得上 n. 相匹敌的人(东西)高频单词equality to in equally [归纳拓展]
(1)feel/be equal to(doing) sth.能胜任(做)……；与……相等
be equal in 在……方面相同/相等
without equal 无比，无敌
equal sb./sth.(in sth.) 与某人/某物(在某方面)相同或相等
(2)equality n．平等；相等
equally adv.相等地；平等地
①All students are equal in the sight of my teacher.
我的老师对所有学生都一视同仁。
②His paintings are without equal in the western world.
他的画在西方国家首屈一指。[巧学助记]无与伦比的equal
[高考寻踪]
①(2016·北京D篇)Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.
学着与社会交往同样重要。
②(2015·安徽D篇)In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal.
事实上，当谈到战争的艺术时，没有与蚂蚁相提并论的。2．contribution n. 贡献；捐款；稿件contributions make a contribution to [构建→导图助记]①Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?
吸烟会导致肺癌吗？
②He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.
他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·全国新课标ⅠA篇)Who made a great contribution to the civil－rights movement in the US?
谁为美国的民权运动做出了巨大的贡献？3．order n．秩序；次序；命令；规则；订单 vt.命令；订购；点菜be started for to go [归纳拓展]
(1)in order 整齐，秩序井然，按顺序；妥当的
out of order 发生故障；次序颠倒；混乱
place an order for sth. with sb. 向某人订购某物
(2)order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
order＋that－clause 命令……
提示：order作动词时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；作名词表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。
[高考寻踪]
①(2016·全国新课标Ⅰ 七选五) For example, let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.
例如，让我们按照字母表顺序数数字母，从1到26。
②(2015·四川阅读表达)I went directly to the bar and ordered a bottle of soda.
我直接去了酒吧然后点了一瓶苏打水。4．condition n．条件；状况；环境in good condition on condition that [构建→导图助记]注意：(1)condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不可数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。
(2)on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·全国新课标ⅠB篇)It improved her living conditions.
它改善了她的生活条件。5．stress n．压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张laid/put/placed stress on stressed the importance of [归纳拓展]
(1)lay/put/place stress on sth.＝stress sth.
把重点放在……上；强调……
under stress 在压力之下
under the stress of 为……所迫
(2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性
stress that... 强调……
Jane's been under a lot of stress since her mother's illness.
自从母亲病倒后，简一直忧心忡忡。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·上海语法填空)If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low.
如果你被困在家里没有压力，那么你的表现会很差。6．bring up养育，抚养；提出；呕吐常考短语抚养 提出 呕吐 [归纳拓展]
bring about 引起；实现；使发生
bring forth 生产；生(孩子)
bring in 获利；引进；介绍；收获
bring on 引起；导致
bring out 生产；制造；出版
bring round 使苏醒
bring...together 集合；召集7．Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。必备句型(that/in which) he looks at me [归纳拓展]
(1)way作“方式，方法”讲，在句中作先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用that或in which来引导，也可将引导定语从句的关系词省略。
(2)若定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，则使用关系代词which或that。
①Can you tell me the way you worked out this maths problem?
你能告诉我你解出这道数学题的方法吗？
②The way(that/which) he told me proved wonderful.
他告诉我的方法被证明是非常棒的。8．Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。that why that that/which [归纳拓展]
The reason why... is that...“……的原因是……。”，其中why引导的是定语从句，is之后的that引导表语从句。
注意：reason用作先行词时，其后定语从句中的关系代词或副词的选择要依据定语从句所缺少的成分来确定：
(1)如果从句中缺少状语，则要用why或for which引导定语从句，why有时可以省略；(2)如果缺少主语或宾语，则要用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句，that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。课 堂 达 标课 时 作 业课件41张PPT。必修三Module 6 Old and New基 础 知 识Ⅰ.单词分类巧记
阅读词汇认读
1．ridiculousadj. ________________
2．enormous adj. ________________
3．crash vt. ________________
4．relic n． ________________
核心词汇识记
1.__________ vi.始于(某一历史时期)
2.__________ vt.迁移；搬迁
3.____________n．(土木)工程→__________n．工程师荒唐的；可笑的
巨大的；庞大的
(飞机)失事；坠毁
(历史的)遗迹；遗物 engineer date remove engineering 4._____________vt.容纳(乘客等)→______________n．住处；办公处；场所
5.___________n．建造；建设；建筑→__________vt.建造，建设
6.__________adj.历史的；有关历史的→__________adj.具有历史意义的→ __________n．历史
7.__________adj.狭窄的v.变窄→__________adv.狭窄地；勉强地
8.__________n．诗；诗歌→__________n．诗人
9.__________adj.全球的→__________n．地球；地球仪
10.__________adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→__________adj.凝固的；冻僵的→ __________v．使凝固
11.__________adj.有浓雾的→__________n．雾accommodate accommodation constructionconstruct historical historic historynarrow narrowly poem poet global globe freezing frozen freeze foggyfog [情景活用]
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The bridge is under ____________. That means it is being __________. (construction)
2．I like these __________ but I don't know which __________ wrote them.(poem)
3．I have visited the Xiangguo Temple __________ from the Song Dynasty. (date)
4．On a __________ cold morning, the little match girl was found __________ to death in the corner.(freeze)constructionconstructedpoems poet dating freezing frozen Ⅱ.短语互译速记
1．起源于 __________
2．阻止 __________
3．(梦想等)变成现实 __________
4．有意义；有道理 __________
5．of great importance __________
6．dream of __________
7．now that __________
8．bring an end to __________date from
hold back
come true
make sense
很重要
梦想
既然
结束；终止
[情景活用]
选用上述短语填空
1．Knowing his daughter's success, he couldn't __________ tears of joy.
2．The building, __________ the 13th century, is being rebuilt now.
3．Only after I read the poem a second time did I __________ of it.hold backdating from make sense
Ⅲ.佳句精析精练
1.__________ took six years __________ and cost US $20 billion.
香港国际机场花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。
[解析] it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.为真正的主语。
[仿写] 走到火车站用了(我)十分钟。
It __________ ten minutes to walk to the railway station.Itto build took me
2.________________ the relics now that they have been submerged?
既然这些遗迹都已被淹没， 还有可能再看到他们吗？
[解析] Is it possible to do...？“做……有可能吗？”
[仿写] 现在乘坐宇宙飞船到月球是有可能的了。
Now _____________ fly to the moon in a spaceship.Is it possible to see it is possible to
3．Why _____________ there are so many tall buildings in the world now?
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？
[解析] do you think/believe/know/suggest...在句中可作插入语。
[仿写] 你知道谁获得了今年的贝诺尔文学奖吗？
Who _____________ has won the Nobel Prize for literature this year?do you think do you know Ⅳ.单元语法过关
非限性定语从句
语法填空
1．The new computer, __________ he loves a lot, breaks down frequently.
[解析] 空处引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中作loves的宾语，因此用which。
2．The air quality in our city, __________ is shown in the chart, has declined over the last three months.
[解析] 就像图表中显示的那样，我们城市的空气质量在过去的三个月中有所下降。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，且从句位于主语与谓语之间，应用as引导。which as 3．The world－famous director, three of __________ movies won Oscar Awards, is reported to have retired.
[解析] 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词world－famous director，而且根据句意，后面应该表示的是“他的三部电影”，因此用关系代词whose作定语。
4．The children, all of __________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
[解析] 先行词为children，指人，且此处为非限制性定语从句，故用whom。句意：这些玩了一天的孩子们累坏了。whose whom
5．Her son was accused of cheating by the police, __________ made it difficult for her to go to sleep.
[解析] 考查定语从句。句意：她的儿子被警察指控犯了诈骗罪，这使她睡不着觉。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话内容。which 考 点 探 究1．date vi.始于(某一历史时期) vt.确定……的年代；注明日期于 n．日期；约会高频单词dates back todating fromdate your cheque [归纳拓展]
(1)date back to/from 始于；追溯到……
(2)up to date 现代的；最新式的
out of date 过期的；过时的；不再流行的
to date＝ up to now 迄今为止；到目前为止
have a date with sb. 与某人约会
set/fix a date for... 确定……的日期
But in 2004，together with some climbers, I set a date for a cleanup.
但在2004年，我和一些登山者一起确定了一天为清理日。提示：(1)date back to/from常指以现在的时间点为起点，向前追溯到过去某个时间，因此在句中作谓语时要用一般现在时态，没有进行时和被动语态形式。
(2)当date back to/from用作定语时，要用现在分词作定语。
[高考寻踪]
(2015·广东A篇)And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.
在盒子的背面上他看到了一个1973年的日期。2．accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)；使适应，向……提供 vi.适应accommodation 容纳 使适应 提供 [构建→导图助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2016·天津A篇)They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort.
一到机场就有人来接他们，并把他们舒服地带到住处。3．narrow adj. 狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的 v．(使)变窄；缩小 narrow the income gaps narrow escape[归纳拓展]
(1)a narrow escape 九死一生
narrow victory/defeat 险胜/勉强击败
(2)narrow down 缩小……的范围
narrow...to... 把……局限在……之间
(3)narrowly adv.勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地
①Li Na won a narrow victory over her rival in the tennis competition.
李娜在网球赛中险胜了她的对手。
②The boy playing in the street narrowly missed being knocked down by a speeding car.在街上玩耍的男孩差点被高速行驶的汽车撞倒。4．remove v. 迁移； 搬迁；移开，搬开；除去，开除 n. 移动，升级removed from was removed fromremove from removed
[归纳拓展]
remove...from... 把……从……移开
remove from... to... 从……搬到……
be removed from school 被开除；被勒令退学
As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven.
蛋糕做好之后，从烤箱中取出来。[辨析→明晰异同][图解助记]
[高考寻踪]
(2015·全国ⅡA篇) Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.
有时候这种方法不管用，我不得不搬起电视机并且摇晃它来去除这种声音。5．hold back 阻止；妨碍；抑制(情感等)；隐瞒常考短语back hold back hold back his tears hold [归纳拓展]
hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂断
hold up举起；支持住；使停顿；耽误；抢劫
hold on to 抓住； 保持； 不要放弃
hold one's breath 屏息
hold out 伸出
catch/get/grab/seize/take hold of 抓住， 拿住，握住
They managed to hold up until help arrived.
他们设法坚持到了救援来到。6．make sense 有道理；讲得通make no sense makes sense [归纳拓展]
make sense of了解……的意义；懂得
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来讲
in no sense 决不
There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没意义。
①What you say is true in a sense.
你所说的在某种意义上是对的。
②There is no sense in worrying about the past.
为过去的事情担忧是毫无意义的。[辨析→明晰异同]7．bring an end to 结束；终止bring/put an end to bring/putto an end [归纳拓展]
(1)bring/put an end to sth.＝bring/put sth. to an end结束；终止
come to an end结束，完结
make ends meet使收支相抵
carry...through to the end将……进行到底
(2)from beginning to end从头到尾
end to end首尾相连地
in the end最后，最终
on end连续地；竖着
①The meeting came to an end at last.会议终于结束了。
②It has been raining for days on end.一连好几天连续下雨。8．It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.
它(香港国际机场)花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。必备句型took me much time to make
spent much time(in) making It took a long time for the wounds to heal. [归纳拓展]
It takes sb. some time to do sth.，意为“某人花费时间做某事”，it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.是句子的真正主语。此外take还表“需要”之意。
①Believe it or not，it takes great courage to tell the truth.
信不信由你，说实话需要很大的勇气。
②Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety－five people on farms to feed five people in cities.
即使在发达的农业社会中，也需要大约95个农民来养活城里的5个人。
[高考寻踪]
(2016·浙江D篇)I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table.
我还记得花了多长时间来擦拭我们的咖啡桌腿。课 堂 达 标课 时 作 业
