吸星大法之中考复习
8、动词的时态
Lectured by Yin Lucheng[Tom]
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
动词的时态练习题
1．People in Lanzhou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are glad that a modem subway in several years.21教育网
A. will complete B. will be completed
C. has completed D. is completed
2．If he _________ here next week,I____there.
A. will come ,will to B. will come , to
C. comes , will go D. comes , go
3．—I ______ basketball with my friends next Sunday afternoon.21·cn·jy·com
—Have a good time!
A. play B. am playing C. am going to play
4．The sports meeting next month.
A.will hold
B. is going to hold.
C. will be held .
5．—I hear that Sandy went to Beijing last week.
—Yes. She ____________ the day after tomorrow.
A. will come back
B. comes back
C. came back
6．—I __________ for Hongkong to visit Disneyland tomorrow.www.21-cn-jy.com
—Have a good trip.
A. am going B. leave
C. am leaving D. have been in
7．- I hear your father has gone to Tokyo on business 2·1·c·n·j·y
-Yes. And he _______ in three weeks.[]
A. has returned B. will return
C. would return D. returns
8．There______ a sport ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) meeting in our school this weekend, isn't there 21·世纪*教育网
A. will be B. is
C. will have D. is going to be
9．I _________ think there _________ be more buildings in two years.2-1-c-n-j-y
A. don’t; will B. /; won’t
C. will; don’t D. won’t; /
10．—Why are you in such a hurry, John
—There _______ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A. will be B. was
C. would be D. has been
11.
This morning I got an e-mail from Roy. It seems that my boy really enjoys his new life at Harvard University.【版权所有：21教育】
The made me think of the first day when we moved into this house.
Little Roy ran around the new house with great excitement and tried to move his own things into the house such as his toys, books and clothes, , his little hand knocked over（打翻）a bottle of paint on the shelf. The paint made the tidy floor and white wall a terrible mess（一团糟）. “Oh, my God!” My wife rushed in angrily. I looked at my son, and his small face was filled with .
I and held his h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and, “Take it easy, Roy. Now let’s do something to make it look .” I took out a . “You see, Dad is a magician（魔术师）, I can change it into a big tree.”
His mother s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oon helped paint some butterflies and flowers on the wall.
We spent the whole afternoon and laughing. The wall became a beautiful forest with plants, birds and small animals. Blue sky and white clouds were also painted by Roy. On that day, everybody in the house knew something happened.
The night before R ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oy left for Harvard, he asked me if I still remembered the day when he had knocked over the paint. “Since then I’ve worried about making mistakes,” he continued, “I believe I can always ways to solve the problems.”
1.A. call B. e-mail C. card
2.A. Suddenly B. Luckily C. Gladly
3.A. happiness B. hope C. fear
4.A. cried B. smiled C. shouted
5.A. nice B. bad C. wrong
6.A. drum B. brush C. clock
7.A. washing B. cooking C. painting
8.A. dangerous B. boring C. special
9.A. never B. always C. sometimes
10.A.put out B. hand out C. find out
12.[]
Our new foreign ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to communicate with them politely.
How close do you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) stand when you talk to a friend You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don’t stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space.
Do you know How to to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch people correctly Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can’t move away! But in Britain many people don’t like other people to touch them at all.
Do you look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at people when you talk In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when you talk, but in other countries it isn’t polite to look somewhere else. In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.[]21*cnjy*com
And how do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou say goodbye That’s easy, wave（挥手） to say goodbye. But be careful! In Greece, it’s not at all polite! In fact, it’s very rude!21教育名师原创作品
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1.From the passage, we should give more personal space.
A. people in the Middle East
B. people in North America
C. people in the South America
D. people in North China
2.The underlined word “touch” means in Chinese.
A. 触碰 B. 打击 C. 感动 D. 震撼
3.We can’t wave to say goodbye in .
A. America B. Japan
C. Britain D. Greece
4.How many ways are given to communicate with foreign students 21世纪教育网版权所有
A. Two B. Three
C. Four D. Five
5.What’s the best title of this passage
A. Saying goodbye
B. Touching people
C. Looking at people
D. communicating politely
★真题摘编
There _______ a charity show at the school hall next week.
A. was B. will be
C. has been D. are
练习题 2
1．---Hi, Jane, tell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you a piece of good news. I _____ America tomorrow.
---Wow, have a good trip!
A. will leave to
B. leaves for
C. am leaving for
2．--Could I speak to Miss. Zhang
--Wait a moment. She ___________ in the meeting-room.
A.is dancing B.has danced
C.was dancing D.will dance
3．— Lunch is ready, Sandy. — Ok, I _______, Mum.
A. will coming B. am coming
C. is going to come D. come
4．– Where is Jenny now
-- She _____________ in the garden.
A. works B. is working
C. work D. worked
5. ─Jack to take part in Oxfam Trail walker in Hong Kong.
─Oh，that’s why he is packing his clothes.
A.went B.was going
C.has gone D.is going
6．---I saw Li Ming standing in the teachers’ office.
---Really He _______ basketball with other boys on the playground just now.
A. has played B. was played
C. was playing D. is playing
7．---Where is Peter
--- He ___________ dinner for his parents at home.
A.cooks B. cooked
C. has cooked D. is cooking
8．– Alice, would ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you mind not playing the guitar I ______ on the phone.
– Oh, sorry, mom.
A. talked B. talk
C. have talked D. am talking
9．Look! The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.21*cnjy*com
A. am carrying B. is carrying
C. are carrying D. are carried
10．—I called you sev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eral times this afternoon. Why didn’t you answer the phone
--I’m sorry. I ________ an important meeting then.
A.is having B.was having
C.will have D.have had
11.
Boys and girls, t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )his summer vacation is the time for you to take your mind off homework and prepare yourself for future life. The following is some advice on to make your vacation meaningful and colorful.
Take exercise. Reg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ular exercise, much health. You hard most of the time so far. Therefore, you need to join in outdoor activities, which can bring your whole body into action. You can benefit from different forms of exercise swimming, jogging, and mountain climbing.[]21cnjy.com
Learn some bas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ic life skills. One day, you will live alone. As a result, you can’t your family any longer. In order to deal with your matters in your own life, you should learn cooking, washing and other practical (实用的) skills.
Go for a journey. Travel to places of interest. In this way, you can find the culture there different from of your hometown. Beautiful scenery can make you relaxed. Imagine that you are lying on the warm beach in bright sunshine, with light sea wind gently blowing. Isn’t it enjoyable and comfortable 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Enjoy family time. Home is the place in which you can rest, receive love and care from relations. Don’t always sit in front of a computer alone. Instead, the whole family should spend watching a movie on the sofa together. Besides, it’s great fun for family members to gather around the table, sports, clothes or other common topics (话题).
If you follow the advice above, you will achieve health, independence (独立), peace of mind and feelings between family members. Today is the beginning of a new life. Your summer vacation must be full of and success. Wish you a wonderful time!
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1.A. whether B. how C. when
2.A. have worked B. worked C. will work
3.A. instead of B. due to C. such as
4.A. depend on B. give up C. hear from
5.A. public B. negative C. personal
6.A. it B. that C. one
7.A. also B. either C. too
8.A. some times B. some time C. sometimes
9.A. discussed B. to discuss C. discussing
10.A. sadness B. joy C. worry
12.
Some people have a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) very poor sense of direction. Unluckily, I am one of them. I have visited a place many times but I may still get lost there the next time.
When I was a little girl, I never dared to ask strangers the way. And so I used to walk around in circles and hope that by chance I would get to the place I was going to.
Now, I am no longer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )too shy to ask people for directions, but I often receive helpless or even wrong information. So I try to avoid giving people wrong directions. If anyone ever asks me the way somewhere, I would say, “Sorry, I am a stranger here.”
Once on my way ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to work I was stopped by a man. He asked me if I could tell him the way to the Friendship Building. I gave him my usual reply. But just as I walked on only a few steps. I realized that he had asked the way to my office building. However, I had no time to turn back and look for him. I was rushing to meet with someone at my office and I didn’t want to keep him waiting.
When I just got to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my office, the secretary(秘书) showed in the man who had asked me for directions. Imagine how embarrassed I was and how surprised he was when we saw each other at the first sight.
1.The writer always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) refuses to give people directions because _____________.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. she is a stranger to the city
B. she doesn’t know the people
C. she has no time to help others
D. she’s afraid of giving wrong direction
2.A man stopped the writer on the way to _____________.【出处：21教育名师】
A. sell her something
B. ask her the time
C. make friends with her
D. ask for the direction
3.The Friendship Bui ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lding is the place where the writer ______________.
A. lives B. studies
C. works D. teaches
4.The words “embarrassed” in the paragraph means “___________”.
A. 尴尬 B. 困惑
C. 激动 D. 拮据
5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The writer is too shy to give others directions.
B. The writer has a very poor sense of direction.[]
C. The writer never got lost when she was young.
D. The man was quite nervous when he saw the writer.
★真题摘编
—Yesterday I received a letter from John.
—You did I hear he _______ for America next year.
A. leave B. leaves
C. left D. is leaving
时态判断
所用时态
时间
一般现在时
on Sundays
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
ago, yesterday, last week, in 1989
now, these days
at this time yesterday, at that time
tomorrow,this afternoon,next year
the next day
so far,in the past years,since
标志
频率/真理/时间条件状从
at the age of 5,just now,when+从
look, listen与频度副词连用
when+过
in+时间段
常用于宾从中
already,yet,ever,never,before,for
过去完成时
by yesterday/then/the end of
when+过before+过，by+过
①完成时句中,与for,since,how long连用时,动词要用延续形式
go to, come to →be in/at leave→be away (from) arrive→be in/at
die →be kead begin/start→be on end →be over
buy →have join →be a member of/be in borrow→keep
get married→be married make friends with→be friends with
②have gone to“去了”人不在这里, have been to“去过”人在这里
¤强调句型：It is +一段时间+since+过去时 “自…以来，已经多长时间了”
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Lectured by Tom
2017年吸心大法之中考复习
动词的时态
目 录
1.思维导图【知识点】
2.思维导图【考点】
3.考点及习题
4.专题训练
☆☆考点一 一般现在时
1. 概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
◇概念：一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态, 也可表示现在的情况或状态以及永恒的真理。
◇句式结构：肯定句有以下三种：
句式结构 例句
be+表语 She is a lovely girl. 她是个可爱的女孩。
There be句型 There is a beautiful garden in my house. 我家里有座花园。
实义动词作谓语 My sister wears glasses. 我妹妹戴眼镜。
◇常用的时间状语有：always, usually, often, every day等。
2. 第三人称单数的构成方式
当主语是第三人称单数时, 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式, 其变化规则如下：
类型 变化规则 举例
一般情况 在词尾加-s help→helps make→makes
以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾 在词尾加-es guess→guessesteach→teaches go→goes
以辅音字母加y结尾 先变y为i, 再加-es fly→fliescarry→carries
特殊情况 不规则变化 have→has
3. 一般现在时的用法
⑴ 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态, 常与表频度的时间状语连用。如：
Lucy often wears a red blouse. 露西常穿一件红衬衫。
⑵ 表示目前的状态、特征, 带有一定的持续性。如：
We are students. 我们是学生。
⑶ 表示自然现象、科学事实、客观真理等。如：
The earth goes around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
⑷ 在含时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中, 若主句用一般将来时, 用从句用一般现在时表示将来。如：
We’ll start when you’re ready. 你准备好了我们就出发。
⑸ 在以here, there开头的句子中常用一般现在时代替现在进行时。如：
Here comes the bus! 汽车来了！
【链接中考】
（湖北省武汉市）
Mike is from America. He _______ English.
A. spoke B. will speak
C. speaks D. had spoken
（广西省梧州市）
We will go camping if it _______ tomorrow.
A. won’t rain B. didn’t rain
C. doesn’t rain D. isn’t raining
☆☆考点二 一般过去时
1. 概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
◇概念：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
◇句式结构（肯定句）有以下三种：[]
句式结构 例 句
was/ were+表语 He was here just now.
他刚才还在这里的。
There was/ were There was a bus stop near our school.
我们学校附近以前有个车站。
实义动词作谓语 He didn’t catch the early bus this morning.
他今早没赶上早班车。
◇常用的时间状语有：yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天), last week(上星期), two days before(两天前), just now(刚才)等。
2. 动词过去式的构成方式
在一般过去时中, 谓语动词要用过去式, 过去式的变化分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。下面讲一下规则变化：
类型 规则 举例
一般情况 加-ed plant→planted
play→played
以-e结尾 加-d live→lived change→changed
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 改y为i, 再加-ed study→studied carry→carried
以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母, 再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned
3. 一般过去时的用法
⑴ 表示过去发生或过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
We visited Tsinghua University last Sunday.
⑵用于虚拟条件句中, 表示与现在事实相反的情况。如：
If I were you, I would take a small present.
【链接中考】
(江苏省宿迁市)
There ______ a big cake and many candies at the party yesterday.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
（四川省卷）
Tommy is looking for the watch his uncle ______ him last month.
A. gives B. gave C. to give D. has given
☆☆考点三 一般将来时
1. 概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
◇概念：一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
◇句式结构（肯定句）有以下三种：
句式结构 例句
will/ shall+动词原形 I think it’ll rain this evening.
我想今晚会下雨。
be going to+动词原形 What are you going to be when you grow up
你长大后干什么？
现在进行时表将来 We are leaving tomorrow.
我们明天要走了。
◇常用的时间状语有：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two hours, soon, in the future等。
2. 一般将来时的用法
⑴ 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：
When will the train arrive 火车什么时间到？
I’m going to see a film this afternoon. 今天下午我想去看电影。
⑵“be going to＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为将要发生的事；will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。如：
It’s going to rain. 要下雨了。
It will be Tuesday tomorrow. 明天是星期二。
【链接中考】
(江苏省盐城市)
I’m sorry I left the book at home. I ______ it here tomorrow, I promise.
A. bring B. will bring C. brought D. have brought
（山东省莱芜市）
______ a big party in our school in two weeks.
A. It is B. It will be
C. There was D. There is going to be
（贵州省铜仁市）
—Jack is busy packing luggage(行李).
—Yes. He ______ for America on vacation.
A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away
☆☆考点四 现在进行时
1. 概念：句式结构以及常见的时态标志词
◇概念：现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
◇句式结构：主语+am(is, are)+现在分词
◇常见的时态标志词：now, at the moment, look, listen等。
2. 现在分词的构成方式
类型 变化规则 举例
一般情况 直接加-ing read→reading play→playing
以不发音的e结尾 去e加-ing Live→living write→writing
以重读闭音节结尾, 且末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾的辅音字母再加-ing put→putting
sit→sitting
以ie结尾 改ie为y再加-ing die→dying lie→lying
3. 现在进行时的用法
⑴ 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。如：
Mike is listening to the radio.
迈克在听收音机。
⑵ 与always, usually, forever等连用, 表示说话人的赞扬、厌恶或不满等情绪。如：
She is always helping the others.
她总喜欢帮助别人。
⑶ 一些表示位置移动的行为动词, 如come, go, leave, begin, arrive, start等, 常用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。如：
My mother is coming back from London tomorrow.
我妈妈明天从伦敦回来。
【链接中考】
（湖南省娄底市）
—Where is Peter
—He ______volleyball with his friends in the school gym.
A. plays B. played C. is playing
(江苏省盐城市)
—What are you doing, Simon
—I have finished my homework, and now I ______ the computer games.
A. played B. was playing C. am playing D. play
☆☆考点五 过去进行时
1. 概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
◇概念：表示在过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
◇句式结构：主语+was(were)+现在分词。
当主语为第一、三人称单数时, 用was, 其余用were。
◇常用的时间状语有：
at eight o’clock last night(昨天晚上八点), at that time(那时), at that moment(当时), this time yesterday(昨天的这个时候), from 8:00 to 9:00 last night(昨晚8:00到9:00)以及when, while引导的时间状语从句等。
2. 过去进行时的用法
⑴ 表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。如：
I was having supper at 7:00 yesterday evening.
⑵ 表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：
We were talking about you the whole morning.
【链接中考】
(河北省卷)
I ______ my clothes, and the phone rang.
A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing
(四川省内江市)
My brother came back home while I ______ homework.
A. am doing B. were doing C. was doing
☆☆考点六 现在完成时
1. 概念及句式结构
◇概念：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；还可以表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态。
◇句式结构；主语+have／has+过去分词
2. 现在完成时的用法和常用的时间状语
⑴ 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果, 常与already, yet, ever等连用。如：
She has already finished the work. 她已经完成了工作。
⑵ 表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在, 并有可能持续下去, 常与“for+时间段”或“since+表过去的时间点或一般过去时的句子”连用, 此时句中的动词必须是延续性动词。如：
He has studied English since 10 years ago.
= He has studied English for 10 years. 他学英语已经10年了。
3. 短暂性动词的转换问题
英语中有些动词, 如come, go, begin, slat, die, buy, borrow, sell等, 被称为短暂性动词。短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用, 若与时间段连用通常要借助以下几种
方式：
⑴将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”。如：
这家商店开门6个小时了。
The shop has opened for 6 hours. （误）
The shop has been open for 6 hours. （正）
⑵ 有的短暂性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词。
borrow→keep put on→were/ be on become→be get to know→know buy→have(own) catch a cold→have a cold receive→have go to sleep→sleep
如：这本书我借了一个月了。
I have borrowed that book for a month. （误）
I have kept that book for a month. （正）
4. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果, 强调的是现在的情况；而一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态, 和“现在”没有关系。 如：
I have opened the window.
我已把窗户打开了。(窗户现在是开着的)
I opened the window this morning.
我早上打开过窗户。(不考虑现在是不开着)
【链接中考】
(河北省卷)
My brother left school in 2005, and since then he_____in Beijing.
A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived
（四川省自贡市）
—Where are the Greens, may I ask
—Well, they ______ England. They have been there for nearly a week now.
A. have been to B. are going to C. have gone to
（江苏省扬州市）
—You have a nice watch.
—Thank you. I ______ it since I got married.
A. had B. bought C. have had D. have bought
☆☆考点七 现在完成进行时
1. 概念以及句式结构
◇概念：表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作, 这个动作可能还会持续下去。
◇句式结构：主语十have(has)+been+现在分词
2. 现在完成进行时的用法和常用的时间状语
⑴ 强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在, 常与all day, all the morning, all the years或“for+一段时间”等连用。如：
I’ve been working in the company for l5 years. 我在这家公司工作15年了。
⑵ 有时具有强烈的感彩, 表示愤怒或不满。如：
I’ve been waiting for you the whole day. 我一天都在等你。
【链接中考】
（南京市模拟）
—How long ______ you ______ stamps
—Since three years ago.
A. have；collected B. did；collect C. have；been collecting D. are；collecting
☆☆考点八 过去完成时
1. 概念、句式结构以及常用的时间状语
◇概念：表示到过去某时为止或在过去某时之前已经发生或完成的动作, 即“过去的过去”。如图所示：
………………. |………………. . |………………|……………. →
过去的过去 过去 现在
◇句式结构：主语+had+过去分词+其他
◇常用的时间状语：by the end of last term, by then以及when, after等引导的时间状语从句。
2. 过去完成时的用法
⑴ 表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生或完成的动作, 它表示动作发生在“过去的过去”。如：
By the time we arrived, the meeting had already begun.
⑵ 用在told, knew, heard等动词后的宾语从句中。如：
I heard that he had gone to Beijing.
⑶ 用在含when, after, before等引导的状语从句的复合句中。如：
When we got there, the train had already left.
【链接中考】
（湖北省荆门市）
Just before the English class, I suddenly realized that I _____ my English textbook at home.
A. forgot B. had forgotten C. left D had left
（甘肃省兰州市）
The plane ______ when we got to the airport.
A. had taken off B. was taken off
C. will take off D. is taking off
☆☆考点九 过去将来时
1. 概念以及句式结构
◇概念：表示在过去看来将要发生的动作成存在的状态。
◇相对于一般将来时而言, 其句式结构有以下三种：
①would/ should+动词原形
②was/ were going to+动词原形
③was/ were doing进行时态表将来
2. 过去将来时的用法
主要表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情（尤其用于宾语从句中）。如：
They said it would be fine. 听说天气会很好。
I knew you would agree. 我当时就知道你会同意的。
在一定的语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中：
It was six o’clock. The sun would soon set. 六点钟了。太阳即将下山。
【链接中考】
（天津市）
He wanted to know _______the English party.
A. when will we have B. when we will have
C. when would we have D. when we would have
◆动词时态的判断技巧
1. 根据时间状语确定时态
一些特定的时间状语往往标志一些特定的时态，湖南近三年考查时态题时，句中常含有对应的时间状语。故考生要熟记上表中各时态常见的时间标志词。
例1：（2015长沙24题）
—Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight
—No, I ______ it last week.
A. see B. have seen C. saw
点拨：考查一般过去时。第①步：句意“今天晚上你会和我们一起去看电影《灰姑娘》吗？”“不了，上周我______它。”第②步：根据句中表示过去时间的时间状语“last week上周”可知，此处用一般过去时。故选C。
C
2. 在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态
（1）“主将从现”原则。如果主句是一般将来时,从句是由 when, after, before, not...until, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句以及由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句，则从句谓语动词应用一般现在时表将来。
（2）当主句谓语动词的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时，后面跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的影响，可根据具体情况，选用某种合适的时态。
例2：（2014湘潭34题）
We plan to have a picnic tomorrow, so I wonder if _____.
A. will it rain B. it rains C. it will rain
点拨：考查一般将来时。第①步：句意为：我们打算明天去野餐，所以我想知道明天是否下雨。第②步：根据句意可知要用一般将来时，且宾语从句需用陈述句语序，故选C。
C
3. 根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态
这类试题虽然看起来没有时间状语提示词，也不是出现在复合句中，但是上下句的动作存在着明显的时间顺序差距，因此可根据上下文已有的时态来判断本句所要选用的时态。
例3：（2015张家界31题）
He almost fell down. But he ______.
A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. won’t
点拨:考查一般过去时。第①步：句意为：他差点摔倒了。但是他没有。第②步：But表示转折，且并列句中时态一般保持一致。前句为一般过去时，则并列句也应为一般过去时。故选Ａ。
A
4. 根据时态中的“特殊”对策（如客观真理等）确定时态
当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或现在的习惯性行为时，其谓语动词的时态不受主句谓语动词时态的影响，要用一般现在时。如：
Our physics teacher told us light travels faster than sound. 我们的物理老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
例1：（2015长沙24题）
—Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight
—No, I ______ it last week.
A. see B. have seen C. saw
点拨：考查一般过去时。第①步：句意“今天晚上你会和我们一起去看电影《灰姑娘》吗？”“不了，上周我______它。”第②步：根据句中表示过去时间的时间状语“last week上周”可知，此处用一般过去时。故选C。
C
2. 在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态
（1）“主将从现”原则。如果主句是一般将来时,从句是由 when, after, before, not...until, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句以及由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句，则从句谓语动词应用一般现在时表将来。
（2）当主句谓语动词的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时，后面跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的影响，可根据具体情况，选用某种合适的时态。
例2：（2014湘潭34题）
We plan to have a picnic tomorrow, so I wonder if _____.
A. will it rain B. it rains C. it will rain
点拨：考查一般将来时。第①步：句意为：我们打算明天去野餐，所以我想知道明天是否下雨。第②步：根据句意可知要用一般将来时，且宾语从句需用陈述句语序，故选C。
C
3. 根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态
这类试题虽然看起来没有时间状语提示词，也不是出现在复合句中，但是上下句的动作存在着明显的时间顺序差距，因此可根据上下文已有的时态来判断本句所要选用的时态。
例3：（2015张家界31题）
He almost fell down. But he ______.
A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. won’t
点拨:考查一般过去时。第①步：句意为：他差点摔倒了。但是他没有。第②步：But表示转折，且并列句中时态一般保持一致。前句为一般过去时，则并列句也应为一般过去时。故选Ａ。
A
4. 根据时态中的“特殊”对策（如客观真理等）确定时态
当宾语从句表述的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或现在的习惯性行为时，其谓语动词的时态不受主句谓语动词时态的影响，要用一般现在时。如：
Our physics teacher told us light travels faster than sound. 我们的物理老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
◆中考常见易混时态的辨析
1. 一般现在时与现在进行时
一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作，或现在的状态，强调长期性、稳定性；而现在进行时是指现在此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作，强调暂时性、不稳定性。如：
He usually gets up at six in the morning.他经常在早上六点起床。(经常性、习惯性动作)
Look! The boys are singing and dancing.看！男孩们正在唱歌跳舞。(现在此刻所发生的动作)
2. 一般过去时和现在完成时
（1）侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。如：
Yesterday I went to the park.昨天我去了公园。
（仅说明昨天去了公园，与现在无关）
Li Lei has read the book.李磊已看过那本书了。
（说明李磊了解那本书的内容）
（2）连用的时间状语不同：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already, yet, still, just, so far, in the last/past, before, ever, never, since， for引出的时间等。而一般过去时则常与ago, yesterday, last, just now等连用。
3. 一般过去时和过去进行时
一般过去时表示过去发生过，强调动作已结束，侧重于事实。而过去进行时表示动作在过去某时间内正在进行，强调动作的持续性和未完成性。如：
I wrote a letter to a friend last night.我昨晚给一个朋友写了一封信。(信写完了，强调事实)
I was writing a letter to a friend last night.我昨晚正在给一个朋友写信。(信不一定写完，强调动作)
动词的时态
(训练时间：45分钟 分值：50分)
一、单项选择(40分)
1. By the time I got back to school, the bell ________.
A. rang B. has rung C. had rung
【解析】考查过去完成时。由By the time. . . 可知，用过去完成时。故选C。
【答案】C
4. — ______Internet business ______ traditional business in
the past few years
—Not really.
A. Does; beat B. Will; beat
C. Has; beaten D. Is; beating
【解析】考查现在完成时。由in the past few years可知，用现在完成时。故选C。
【答案】C
5. (2016·泰安)—Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol
—Yes, I ______ in Tai'an for a week last year and reached
the top of it twice.
A. had stayed B. stay C. stayed D. have stayed
【解析】考查一般过去时。由last year可知，用一般过去时。故选C。
【答案】C
6. (2016·临沂)—Did you call Jenny
—Oh, no, I forgot. I ________ her right away.
A. called B. have called C. call D. will call
【解析】考查一般将来时。由right away可知，用一般将来时。故选D。
【答案】D
7. He ________ in this factory for 20 years already.
A. will work B. works
C. has worked D. is working
【解析】考查现在完成时。由时间段for 20 years already 可以看出，动作是持续进行的，故用现在完成时。
【答案】C
9. —Julie, what________in your hand
—Look! It's a new iPad for my daughter.
A. do you hold B. are you holding
C. were you holding D. will you hold
【解析】考查现在进行时。由答语“看，这是给我女儿新买的苹果平板电脑。”可知问句应用现在进行时。故选B。
【答案】B
10. Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she ________ at
the party.
A. dances B. was dancing
C. has danced D. is dancing
【解析】考查过去进行时。while引导的从句常用过去进行时，故选B。
【答案】B
11. (2016·烟台)Yesterday the teacher told us the earth
________ the sun.
A. goes around B. went around
C. is going around D. would go around
【解析】考查一般现在时。在宾语从句中，若从句表达的是客观真理，时态要用一般现在时。故选A。
【答案】A
12. Oh, you are here. I________ you came back.
A. don't know B. didn't know
C. haven't known D. won't know
【解析】考查过去时。由语境可知，此处动作是过去发生的，应用一般过去时，故选B。
【答案】B
13. (2016·济南)Sun Hai ________ his mother make dinner
when his father got home from work.
A. was helping B. helps
C. helped D. is helping
【解析】考查过去进行时。由题干可知，从句为一般过去时，主句要用过去时行时。故选A。
【答案】A
14. Grace __________ this game every time we play.
A. wins B. won C. will win D. has won
【解析】考查一般现在时。句意为“每次我们玩这个游戏，Grace都会赢。”由“every time we play”可知，此处指经常发生的动作，故使用一般现在时。故选A。
【答案】A
16. Over fifty countries ________ the AIIB(亚投行) so far.
A. joined B. was joining
C. had joined D. have joined
【解析】考查现在完成时。由so far可知，用现在完成时，故选D。
【答案】D
17. (2016·沈阳)I think it is true that Jill _____ to work today
because she is on a trip.
A. has come B. didn't come
C. is coming D. will not come
【解析】根据题干后面部分“因为她在旅行”可知，今天吉尔不会来上班，故排除A、C两项；再由时间状语today以及从句的时态(一般现在时)可排除B项。故选D。
【答案】D
18. —Have you heard about that car accident near the school
—Yes, luckily no one________.
A. hurt B. was hurt
C. has hurt D. were hurt
【解析】考查过去时的被动语态。主语no one与hurt之间为被动关系，要用被动语态，排除A和C；no one作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【答案】B
20. (2016·天津)My mother ________ dinner when I got home
yesterday.
A. has cooked B. was cooking
C. will cook D. cooks
【解析】考查过去进行时。句意为“昨天我到家的时候，妈妈正在做晚饭。”要用过去进行时。故选B。
【答案】B
22. Tom _______ the piano every day when he was in primary
school.
A. plays B. played
C. was playing D. has played
【解析】考查一般过去时。由when he was in primary school可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
24. (2016·河北)Grandpa ________ glasses when he reads.
A. wears B. wore
C. has worn D. was wearing
【解析】考查一般现在时。由从句时态可知，主句用一般现在时。故选A。
【答案】A
25. —Has Mary ever visited Tower Bridge
—Yes. She ________ it two years ago.
A. visits B. visited
C. has visited D. was visiting
【解析】考查一般过去时。由two years ago可知用一般过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
27. (2016·福州)—Pass the raincoat to me, please. It _______
hard now.
—Here you are.
A. is raining B. rained C. will rain
【解析】由空格所在句中的now及第一句“请递给我那件雨衣”可推知，“现在雨下得正大。”
【答案】A
28. —Lucy, what were you doing at nine last night
—I ______ the piano. I usually practice the piano at that
time.
A. play B. played
C. was playing D. am playing
【解析】考查过去进行时。由疑问句时态及表示过去的时间点at nine last night可知，用过去进行时。故选C。
【答案】C
29. (2016·河南)Everyone wants to reach the top of the
mountain, but all the happiness happens while you
_____it.
A. climb B. climbed
C. are climbing D. have climbed
【解析】考查现在进行时。while后常接进行时态。故选C。
【答案】C
30. It ______ usually ________ at this time of year, but today
it is raining heavily.
A. is; raining B. won't; rain
C. has; rained D. doesn't; rain
【解析】考查一般现在时。由usually和at this time of year可知，此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；根据but today it is raining heavily可知，第一个空应为否定形式。故选D。
【答案】D
31. (2016·重庆A)Don't worry. Bill will help you look after
your dog when you ________ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
【解析】考查动词时态。在时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故选A。
【答案】A
32. Many houses ________ by the earthquake and thousands
of people were left homeless.
A. damaged B. were damaged
C. were damaging D. are damaged
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语Many houses与谓语动词damage之间是被动关系；且由下文were left可知，应用一般过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
33. (2016·重庆)I ________ the History Museum twice. I've
learned a lot there.
A. visit B. am visiting
C. have visited D. will visit
【解析】由后句“在那里我已经学到了许多”可推知，前句表示“我已经参观这个历史博物馆两次了。”强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，要用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构为：have/has＋过去分词。故选C。
【答案】C
34. I will do some cleaning as soon as I ______ my homework.
A. finish B. will finish
C. has finished D. finished
【解析】考查动词时态。在as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选A。
【答案】A
37. (2016·重庆B)I ________ Chinese dishes for my foreign
friends tomorrow evening.
A. will cook B. have cooked
C. cook D. cooked
【解析】考查一般将来时。由tomorrow evening可知选A。
【答案】A
37. (2016·重庆B)I ________ Chinese dishes for my foreign
friends tomorrow evening.
A. will cook B. have cooked
C. cook D. cooked
【解析】考查一般将来时。由tomorrow evening可知选A。
【答案】A
38. (2016·河北)Our team ________ another point! I am sure
we'll win the game.
A. will get B. has got
C. is getting D. was getting
【解析】will get是一般将来时的结构；has got是现在完成时的结构；is getting是现在进行时的结构；was getting是过去进行时的结构。由后句句意“我确信我们会赢得这场比赛”可推知，前句句意为“我们队又得了一分”，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果应用现在完成时。故选B。
【答案】B
39. —My aunt _______ me to Europe for vacation next month.
—Have a good time!
A. take B. took C. will take
【解析】考查一般将来时。由next month可知，用一般将来时。故选C 。
【答案】C吸星大法之中考复习
八、动词的时态
Lectured by Yin Lucheng[Tom]
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
原创笔记
动词的时态：
动词的时态一共有16种，以do为例，将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下：
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时
一般 do / dos did shall/will do should/would do
进行 am/is/are doing was/were doing shall/will be doing should/would be doing
完成 have/has done had done shall/will have done should/would have done
完成进行 have/has been doing had been doing shall/will have been doing should/would have been doing
考点1.一般现在时
意义 1.表现在经常性的状态或动作。eg: I practice playing football every day.
2.表客观事实和真理。 eg: The sun rises in the east.
在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。eg: I’ll call you as soon as I get the news.
在某些以here, there开头的句子中，用现在时表示正在发生的动作。eg: Here comes the bus.
构成特点 1. be+表语
2.实义动词作谓语
3.Here / There+动词单三形式+宾语
时间标志词 often,sometimes,usually,always,never,twice a month, on Sundays,every day/week/month/year...(every系列)
温馨提示 1.在as soon as与if引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。
2.动词第三人称单数形式（三单）变化规则 2.1.一般情况下，在动词原形后加 s： run→runs like→likes
2.2.以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾的动词，在词尾加 es： eg:teach→teaches wash→washes go→goes pass→passes fix→fixes
2.3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i，再加 es eg：study→studies try→tries
2.4.以元音字母加y结尾的动词，在词尾加 s: eg: stay→stays play→plays
3.一般疑问句的基本结构 be前置于句首... He is a student. → Is he a student
行为动词 复数 Do+主+v原... They like game. → Do they like game
单数 Does+主+v原... He likes game. → Does he like game
4.否定句的基本结构 主+be not+...He is a student. → He is not a student
行为动词 复数 主+do not+v原...(复) They like playing games.→They don't like playing game
单数 主+doesn't+v原...(单) He likes playing game.→He doesn't like playing game
【巧学妙记】 学习一般现在时，基本用法要熟悉。 表示动作常发生，特征性格和能力。 存在状态和习惯，客观事实与真理。 如果主语是单三，谓语就要变一变。
考点2：一般过去时
意义 1.表示过去的动作或状态：eg:We went to the History Museum last Monday.
表过去的习惯或经常发生的动作eg:When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.
在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时eg:He said he would not go if it rained.
构成特点 1.was/were+表语
2.实义动词的过去式作谓语
时间标志、词 a moment ago=just now, ...agolast night/week/month...(last系列)yesterday, the other day, used to， the day before yesterday
温馨提示 动词过去式的变化规则及读音 规则变化 1.一般直接加-ed： eg:play→played; help→helped
2.以不发音的e结尾的加-d eg:move→moved; use→used
以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加-ed eg: study→studied; carry→carried
以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母(x除外)结尾的重读闭音节双写结尾字母再加-ed eg: stop→stopped; fit→fitted; fix→fixed
不规则动词的过去式 be动词的过去式为was/were
其他不规则变化，详情见不规则动词表
读音规则 ①清辅音后读/t/，如 helped, laughed
②浊辅音，元音后读/d/，如lived, stayed
③/t/和/d/后读/Id/，如needed, started
一般疑问句的基本结构 be前置于句首... He was a student. → Was he a student
行为动词无单复数Did+主+v原... They liked game. → Did they like game
否定句的基本结构 主+be not+...He was a student.→ He was not a student
行为动词无单复数主+did not+v原...eg:They liked playing games. → They didn't like playing game
ago与before区别 时间段+agoeg：He lived in here a month ago.
before+具体时间eg:He lived in here before 1999.
考点3：一般将来时
意义 表示将来的动作或状态
构成特点 will（shall）+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用：eg: The twins will go to the cinema with their parents tonight.
2.be going to+动词原形[表示计划、打算做某事,主语一般是人]eg: What are you going to do next Sunday
时间标志词 tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrowfrom now on, soon, in the future, in ten minutesnext year, next week/month/term...(next系列)
温馨提示 1.在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时
“be +doing”表示按计划安排好的事情，常与少量表示位置移动的动词，如go，come，start，move，leave等连用 eg:I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
3.在表示车、船、飞机等的进出时间时，可以用一般现在时表示将来 eg:My plane will take off/takes off at 6: 30 a. m.
4.表示将来含义四种方式总结 一般将来时 主+will + V原
主+be going to + V原
一般现在时 主句将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来
现在进行时 瞬间动词做谓语,表示将来含义
区别 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
考点4：现在进行时
意义 1.现在时刻动作：目前正在发生的动作 eg:I’m writing a letter.
现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行 eg:She is working in a factory.
如果句首有提示性动词look，listen等，主句也用现在进行时 eg:Listen! The bird is singing in the tree.
表示位置移动的动词，如come，go，leave，arrive等常用现在进行时表示最近即将发生的动作 eg:I’m coming.
构成特点 am/is/are+动词的现在分词
时间标志词 now, at present, at the moment, these dayslook, listen
温馨提示 现在分词的变化规律 以不发音的e结尾的动词去e再加-ing eg:make→making, have→having
以一个单独发音的元音字母 + 一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing eg:swim→swimming, run→running
以-ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加-ing eg:lie→lying, tie→tying
不符合上述情况的直接加-ing eg:play→playing, sing→singing
注意：初中阶段常见的需要双写最后一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )个辅音字母变现在分词的动词有：shop, stop, drop, run, get, sit, dig, put, begin, swim, chat, prefer，babysit
一般疑问句 Be+主+ Ving +… eg:Are you teaching
否定句 主+ Be not+ Ving +…. eg:I am not teaching.
考点5：过去进行时
意义 过去某时正在进行的动作
构成特点 was/were +动词的现在分词
时间标志词 at that time, this time yesterday, at 8:00 last night, at that moment
then, when引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 eg:I was reading when he came in.
温馨提示 在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个短暂性动作用一般过去时 eg: My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.
表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )同时进行，不考虑动作的先后顺序，主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时，连词常用while。 eg: The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.
考点6：现在完成时
意义 到现在为止已经完成的动作，对现在造成一定的影响
从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态，常和for /since连用
构成特点 have/has+动词的过去分词
时间标志词 yet, still, just, s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o far, before, recently, once, already, lately, ever, neversince 1996/last year/2001/时间状语从句in the last/past..., for ten years (for系列)
温馨提示 1.since后面的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时
2.Come, go, leave ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), arrive, join, die, marry 等短暂性动词不与一段时间连用。 如果要与一段时间连用必须转换成延续性动词
3.Since， for的区别 Since+具体时间点 自从… 只用于完成时中eg:He has been a student since 1996.
For+一段时间已经一段时间 可用于完成,一般现在,一般过去时eg: He has been a student for 9 years. Bake the cake for 40 minutes.
4.不是说瞬间动词不能用于完成时He has eaten the supper;而是说瞬间动词不能和持续时间连用eg: He has been/stayed in the trip for 3 days
由have+ved-----have + been +同意义形容词转化. eg:He has died for 3 years. → He has been dead for 3 years.
Sb be interested in结构的时态记忆 eg: sb has been + interested …
7.Has been to– has gone to
8.附表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
考点7：过去完成时
意义 表示在过去某一时间或某一动作以前发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”
构成特点 had+动词的过去分词（had通用于所有的人称）
时间标志词 by, by the end of, before, when, after, until+过去的时间点 eg:I had just finished half of the work by yesterday.
考点8：过去将来时
意义 表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态
常用于宾语从句或间接引语
构成特点 would + 动词原形
should + 动词原形
was/were + going to + 动词原形
时间标志词 two days later, the next week, the following day eg:Mr Green told us we were going to have a party at the weekend.
温馨提示 在由if引导的条件状语从句中，主句是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过去将来时，if从句只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时 eg:They said that they would go fishing if it didn’t rain the next day.
【巧学妙记】 should,woul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d加原形，“过去将来”就构成。 过去将来不独立，经常用于“宾从句”。 过去认为将发生，过去将来时态用。 过去将来不单行，只可用于从句中。
时态区别
1 一般现在时与现在进行时 一般现在时 表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作，或现在的状态
强调长期性、稳定性
现在进行时 指现在此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作
强调暂时性、不稳定性
eg:He usuall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y gets up at six in the morning.(经常性、习惯性动作) Look! The boys are singing and dancing.(现在此刻所发生的动作)
2 一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时 是一种过去时态
表示过去的动作，与现在无关
常与ago, yesterday, last, just now等连用
现在完成时 与现在有关的时态,属现在时态范畴
它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响
常与already, yet, s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )till, just, so far, in the last/past, before, ever, never, since， for等连用
3 一般过去时和过去进行时 一般过去时 表示过去发生过强调动作已结束，侧重于事实
过去进行时 表示动作在过去某时间内正在进行强调动作的持续性和未完成性
eg:I wrote a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) letter to a friend last night.(信写完了，强调事实) I was writing a letter to a friend last night.(信不一定写完，强调动作)
动词的时态练习题
1．People in Lanzh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou are glad that a modem subway in several years.
A. will complete B. will be completed
C. has completed D. is completed
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：几年之后，一条现 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )代地铁将完成，兰州人很高兴。in several years.是一般将来时的标志词，排除CD，而 a modem subway做主语，将被完成，应该用被动语态，故选B。
2．If he _________ here next week, I ____there.
A. will come ,will to B. will come , to
C. comes , will go D. comes , go
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意:如果他下周来这，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )就会去那。本句中if 引导的是条件状语从句，从句中应该用一般现在时态，切从句中主语是he，第三人称单数形式，故动词用comes；主句中应该用一般将来时，故选C。
3．—I ______ basketball with my friends next Sunday afternoon.
—Have a good time!
A. play
B. am playing
C. am going to play
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析: 句意：---- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )下周日下午我要去和我的朋友们打篮球。----祝你玩得开心。因为有明显的将来时间点next Sunday afternoon，根据句意；故选C。
4．The sports meeting next month.
A.will hold
B. is going to hold.
C. will be held .
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：下个月举行运动会。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )的过去分词”构成。结合句意，故选C
5．—I hear that Sandy went to Beijing last week.
—Yes. She ____________ the day after tomorrow.
A. will come back
B. comes back
C. came back
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--我听说桑迪 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上周去了北京。--是的，她后天回来。the day after tomorrow后天，可知用一般将来时，结合句意，故选A
6．—I __________ for Hongkong to visit Disneyland tomorrow.
—Have a good trip.
A. am going B. leave
C. am leaving D. have been in
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：——明天我将动身去香港参观迪 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )斯尼。——祝你旅途愉快。根据时间副词tomorrow，可知此处用一般将来时。表示位置移动的动词go,come, leave,fly等的现在进行时形式表示一般将来时，故此处用am leaving,选C。
7．- I hear your father has gone to Tokyo on business
-Yes. And he _______ in three weeks.21世纪教育网
A. has returned B. will return
C. would return D. returns
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：——我听说你父亲出差去日本了？——是的。他将在三周后回来。时间状语in three weeks与一般将来时连用，故选B。
8．There______ a sp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ort meeting in our school this weekend, isn't there
A. will be B. is
C. will have D. is going to be
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：这个周末 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我们学校将有一场运动会，是吗？There will be和There is going to be...是there be句式的一般将来时态。据isn't there ，故选D。
9．I _________ think there _________ be more buildings in two years.
A. don’t; will B. /; won’t
C. will; don’t D. won’t; /
【答案】 A
【解析】
试题分析: 句意：我认为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )再过两年这不会有太多的高楼；此题考查否定前移，还有in two years再过两年，应用一般将来时，根据句意，故选A。
10．—Why are you in such a hurry, John
—There _______ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A. will be B. was
C. would be D. has been
【答案】 A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—John，你为什么 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这么着急？—十分钟以后将会有一场NBA 篮球比赛。in ten minutes这个时间状语提示应该用一般将来时，will be；而B. was是一般过去时；C. would be是过去将来时；D. has been现在完成时。故选A。
11.
This morning I got an e-mail from Roy. It seems that my boy really enjoys his new life at Harvard University.
The made me think of the first day when we moved into this house.
Little Roy ran around the new house with great excitement and tried to move his own things into the house such as his toys, books and clothes, , his little hand knocked over（打翻）a bottle of paint on the shelf. The paint made the tidy floor and white wall a terrible mess（一团糟）. “Oh, my God!” My wife rushed in angrily. I looked at my son, and his small face was filled with .
I and held his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) hand, “Take it easy, Roy. Now let’s do something to make it look .” I took out a . “You see, Dad is a magician（魔术师）, I can change it into a big tree.”
His mother soon hel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ped paint some butterflies and flowers on the wall.
We spent the whole afternoon and laughing. The wall became a beautiful forest with plants, birds and small animals. Blue sky and white clouds were also painted by Roy. On that day, everybody in the house knew something happened.
The night before R ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oy left for Harvard, he asked me if I still remembered the day when he had knocked over the paint. “Since then I’ve worried about making mistakes,” he continued, “I believe I can always ways to solve the problems.”
1.A. call B. e-mail C. card
2.A. Suddenly B. Luckily C. Gladly
3.A. happiness B. hope C. fear
4.A. cried B. smiled C. shouted
5.A. nice B. bad C. wrong
6.A. drum B. brush C. clock
7.A. washing B. cooking C. painting
8.A. dangerous B. boring C. special
9.A. never B. always C. sometimes
10.A.put out B. hand out C. find out
【答案】BACBA BCCAC
【解析】试题分析：短文大意:这篇短文中作者主要介绍了发生在自己儿子身上的一件事,在儿子不小心打翻油漆后，作者并没有严厉批评，而是想办法把坏事变成好事，让儿子从中受到教育。
1.考查语境理解及名词辨析。call电话； ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e-mail电子邮件；Card卡片。联系前文This morning I got an e-mail from Roy.可知此处指的是这封电子邮件。故选B。
2.考查语境理解及副词辨析。S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uddenly突然地；Luckily幸运地；Gladly高兴地。联系后半句可知此处指的是，突然，他的小手打翻了书架上的一瓶油漆，故选A。
3.考查语境理解及名词辨析happiness幸福；hope希望；Fear恐惧。联系前一句描述，可知他的小脸上充满了恐惧。故选C。
4.考查语境理解及动词辨析。cried哭泣；smiled微笑；Shouted喊，叫。根据下文我说的话，可知我微笑着握住了他的手。故选B。
5.考查语境理解及形容词辨析。ni ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce好的，不错的；bad坏的，糟糕的；Wrong错误的。结合语境可知此处指的是采取措施让地面和墙面看起来好一些，故选A。
6.考查语境理解及名词辨析。drum鼓；brush刷子；Clock钟表。根据后两句描述，可知我拿出了一把刷子刷墙。故选B。
7.考查语境理解及动词辨析。washing洗；cooking烹饪，做饭；Painting粉刷。联系前两句描述，可知此处指的是刷墙，故选C。
8.考查语境理解及形容词辨析 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。dangerous危险的；boring无聊的，烦人的；Special特殊的。结合语境可知此处指的是发生了一些特殊的事情。故选C。
9.考查语境理解及副词辨析。never从来不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，永远不； always一直，总是；Sometimes有时，偶尔。句意：自从那时起，我从来不担心犯错误。故选A。
10.考查语境理解及短语动词。put ou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t伸出，出版；hand out分发，施舍；find out找出，查明。句意：我相信我总能找出办法解决问题。故选C。
12.21世纪教育网
Our new foreign stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to communicate with them politely.
How close do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou stand when you talk to a friend You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don’t stand too close to North Americans! Give them more personal space.
Do you know How to to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch people correctly Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can’t move away! But in Britain many people don’t like other people to touch them at all.
Do you look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at people when you talk In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when you talk, but in other countries it isn’t polite to look somewhere else. In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.21世纪教育网
And how do yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u say goodbye That’s easy, wave（挥手） to say goodbye. But be careful! In Greece, it’s not at all polite! In fact, it’s very rude!
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1.From the passage, we should give more personal space.
A. people in the Middle East
B. people in North America
C. people in the South America
D. people in North China
2.The underlined word “touch” means in Chinese.
A. 触碰 B. 打击 C. 感动 D. 震撼
3.We can’t wave to say goodbye in .
A. America B. Japan
C. Britain D. Greece
4.How many ways are given to communicate with foreign students
A. Two B. Three
C. Four D. Five
5.What’s the best title of this passage
A. Saying goodbye
B. Touching people
C. Looking at people
D. communicating politely
【答案】BADCD
【解析】试题分析：本文叙述了在和外国 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的朋友交流的时候，一定要注意礼节，不同的国家交流的方式是不同的，短文从四个方面给出了叙述。一是和朋友说话距离的远近；二是如何正确地触碰别人。三是和别人谈话时是否能够直视对方的眼睛。四是怎样和对方说再见。
【1】细节理解题。根据but don’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) stand too close to North Americans!和北美洲的人说话不能离得太近，故选B。
【2】细节理解题。根据Chines ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e girls often walk arm in arm with their friends.可推测这里指的是触碰，故选A。
【3】细节理解题。根据In Greece, it’s not at all polite! 在希腊挥手说再见是不礼貌的，故选D。
【4】细节理解题。文章提到了四个方 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )面，一是和朋友说话距离的远近；二是如何正确地触碰别人。三是和别人谈话时是否能够直视对方的眼睛。四是怎样和对方说再见。故选C。
【5】标题归纳题。根据短文的内容可知这里叙述的是如何和别人交流，故选D。
★真题摘编
There _______ a charity show at the school hall next week.（2014）
A. was B. will be
C. has been D. are
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：下周再学校礼堂有一次慈善演出。根据时间状语next week可知这里句子应该用一般将来时，这里是there be的将来时应是there will be；故选B。
练习题 2
1．---Hi, Jane, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tell you a piece of good news. I _____ America tomorrow.
---Wow, have a good trip!
A. will leave to
B. leaves for
C. am leaving for
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：---- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你好，简，告诉你个好消息。我明天要去美国了。----哇，旅行愉快！leave to离开； leave for离开去某地；leave是趋向动词，趋向动词的现在进行时常用来表示将来确切的计划。故选C。
2．--Could I speak to Miss. Zhang
--Wait a moment. She ___________ in the meeting-room.
A.is dancing B.has danced
C.was dancing D.will dance
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：根据上下文判断用现在进行时。句意为“——请找张小姐接电话好吗？——稍等。她正在大礼堂跳舞呢。”
3．— Lunch is ready, Sandy. — Ok, I _______, Mum.
A. will coming B. am coming
C. is going to come D. come
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：--露西，午饭做好了。--好的，我就来，妈妈！am coming现在进行时，表将来。故选B。
4．– Where is Jenny now
-- She _____________ in the garden.
A. works B. is working
C. work D. worked
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意:-Jenny ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )现在在哪？-她正在花园里工作。works 第三人称单数形式；is working 现在进行时；work 动词原形；worked 过去式。根据对话的意思可知，这里表示Jenny现在正在花园里工作，应该用现在进行时，故选B。
5. ─Jack to take part in Oxfam Trailwalker in Hong Kong.
─Oh，that’s why he is packing his clothes.
A.went B.was going
C.has gone D.is going
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：--杰克将要参加香港的乐施毅行者大会。--哦，那就是他正在打包衣服的原因。根据that’s why he is packing his clothes可知他正在打包衣服，说明他将要去参加乐施毅行者大会。所以应该用一般将来时，这里用现在进行时表将来。故选D。
6．---I saw Li Ming standing in the teachers’ office.
---Really He _______ basketball with other boys on the playground just now.
A. has played B. was played
C. was playing D. is playing
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：--- 我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看见李明正站在老师办公室。---真的吗？他刚才还正在操场和其他男孩打篮球。根据题干意思可知用过去进行时。故选C。21世纪教育网]
7．---Where is Peter
--- He ___________ dinner for his parents at home.
A.cooks B. cooked
C. has cooked D. is cooking
【答案】D21世纪教育网
【解析】试题分析：句意：---皮特在哪儿？---他在家里和父母吃晚饭。根据问题可知这里应该用现在进行时，故选D。
8．– Alice, would y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou mind not playing the guitar I ______ on the phone.
– Oh, sorry, mom.
A. talked B. talk
C. have talked D. am talking
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：-爱丽丝， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )你介意不弹吉他？我在通电话。–哦，对不起，妈妈。根据句意可知此处是在表示正在进行的动作，该用现在进行时，所以选D。
9．Look! The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.
A. am carrying B. is carrying
C. are carrying D. are carried
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )看，警察正在把食物搬到河岸上。the police ,表示复数，根据look及句意判断，可知动作正在进行，故用现在进行时态am/is /are +doing ，故选C。
10．—I called ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you several times this afternoon. Why didn’t you answer the phone
--I’m sorry. I ________ an important meeting then.
A.is having B.was having
C.will have D.have had
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：本题表示“我当 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时正在开一个重要的会议。”根据Why didn’t you answer the phone 可知这里应该用过去进行时。故选B。
11.【题文】
Boys and girls, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this summer vacation is the time for you to take your mind off homework and prepare yourself for future life. The following is some advice on to make your vacation meaningful and colorful.
Take exercise. Re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gular exercise, much health. You hard most of the time so far. Therefore, you need to join in outdoor activities, which can bring your whole body into action. You can benefit from different forms of exercise swimming, jogging, and mountain climbing.21世纪教育网
Learn some basic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) life skills. One day, you will live alone. As a result, you can’t your family any longer. In order to deal with your matters in your own life, you should learn cooking, washing and other practical (实用的) skills.
Go for a journey. Travel to places of interest. In this way, you can find the culture there different from of your hometown. Beautiful scenery can make you relaxed. Imagine that you are lying on the warm beach in bright sunshine, with light sea wind gently blowing. Isn’t it enjoyable and comfortable
Enjoy family time. Home is the place in which you can rest, receive love and care from relations. Don’t always sit in front of a computer alone. Instead, the whole family should spend watching a movie on the sofa together. Besides, it’s great fun for family members to gather around the table, sports, clothes or other common topics (话题).
If you follow the advice above, you will achieve health, independence (独立), peace of mind and feelings between family members. Today is the beginning of a new life. Your summer vacation must be full of and success. Wish you a wonderful time!
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
1.A. whether B. how C. when
2.A. have worked B. worked C. will work
3.A. instead of B. due to C. such as
4.A. depend on B. give up C. hear from
5.A. public B. negative C. personal
6.A. it B. that C. one
7.A. also B. either C. too
8.A. some times B. some time C. sometimes
9.A. discussed B. to discuss C. discussing
10.A. sadness B. joy C. worry
【答案】BACAC BABCB
【解析】短文大意：这篇短文中作者以一位老师的口气，给学生们讲述了一些如何让自己的假期过得更有意义的建议。
1.连词辨析. A.是否;B.如何,怎 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )样;C.既然,当……时。联系下文描述，可知此处指的是，下面是一些关于如何使你的假期有意义和多姿多彩的建议。故选B。
2.考察时态联系本句时间状语so far到目前为止，可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态。选A。
3.短语辨析。A.代替，反而；B.由于；C.比如，诸如；联系下文，可知此处是举例说明。故选C。
4.短语辨析。A.取决于，依赖；B. 放弃，交出；C.收到……的信。联系上下文，可知此处指的是你将不能在依赖你的家庭。故选A。
5.形容词辨析。A. 公众的，公 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用的； B. 消极的，否定的；C. 个人的，亲自的。联系下文，可知此处指的是处理你自己生活中的个人事务。故选C。
6.不定代词辨析。it 是人称代词 代替物，动物，门外的人，也可作形式主语和宾语等；one泛指任何一个同名，不同物的人或者物。既可代替事物, 也可代替人；that是指示代词 指远处的事物，电话中的对方，为避免重复代替前面的可数名词单数和不可数名词。联系前文可知此处代词指代的是前文提到的the culture ，故选B。
7.副词辨析。这几个选项 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )都表示也，其中also， too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前； too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。结合语境可知此处副词位于助动词can后，行为动词make前，故选A。
8.名词辨析。A. 好几次；B. 一段时间，一些时间；C.有时，偶尔。联系下文，可知此处指的是花费一些时间看电视。故选B。
9.考察非谓语动词。家庭成员围坐在桌子首 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )位讨论体育，服装或者其它的共同话题很有趣。现在分词作伴随状语表示正在进行的伴随性动作。结合语境可知选C。
10.名词辨析。A. 悲哀；B. 欢乐，乐趣；C. 担心，烦恼。联系上下文，可知此处指的是你的假期一定会充满欢乐和成功。故选B。
12.
Some people hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a very poor sense of direction. Unluckily, I am one of them. I have visited a place many times but I may still get lost there the next time.
When I was a little girl, I never dared to ask strangers the way. And so I used to walk around in circles and hope that by chance I would get to the place I was going to.
Now, I am no lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nger too shy to ask people for directions, but I often receive helpless or even wrong information. So I try to avoid giving people wrong directions. If anyone ever asks me the way somewhere, I would say, “Sorry, I am a stranger here.”
Once on my w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay to work I was stopped by a man. He asked me if I could tell him the way to the Friendship Building. I gave him my usual reply. But just as I walked on only a few steps. I realized that he had asked the way to my office building. However, I had no time to turn back and look for him. I was rushing to meet with someone at my office and I didn’t want to keep him waiting.
When I just got ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to my office, the secretary(秘书) showed in the man who had asked me for directions. Imagine how embarrassed I was and how surprised he was when we saw each other at the first sight.
1.The writer al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ways refuses to give people directions because _____________.
A. she is a stranger to the city
B. she doesn’t know the people
C. she has no time to help others
D. she’s afraid of giving wrong direction
2.A man stopped the writer on the way to _____________.
A. sell her something
B. ask her the time
C. make friends with her
D. ask for the direction
3.The Friendship ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Building is the place where the writer ______________.
A. lives B. studies
C. works D. teaches
4.The words “embarrassed” in the paragraph means “___________”.
A. 尴尬 B. 困惑
C. 激动 D. 拮据
5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The writer is too shy to give others directions.
B. The writer has a very poor sense of direction.21世纪教育网
C. The writer never got lost when she was young.
D. The man was quite nervous when he saw the writer.
【答案】DDCAB
【解析】试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是因为作者自己方向感很差，所以当有人向他问路时，他总是拒绝别人。有一次又有一个人向作者问路，作者像往常一样拒绝了他。但是他随后就意识到那个地方正是他工作的地方，可已经来不及了。当作者在办公室里见到那个陌生人时，作者感到非常的尴尬。
1.细节理解题。根据短文开头Some p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople have a very poor sense of direction. Unluckily, I am one of them.可知，作者的方向感很差，所以他不敢给别人指示方向。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据短文第四段中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Once on my way to work I was stopped by a man. He asked me if I could tell him the way to the Friendship Building.可知，一次在回家的路上，一个陌生人向作者询问怎样去友谊大厦，即在向他问路。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据短文第四段中I gave him my usual reply. But just as I walked on only a few steps. I realized that he had asked the way to my office building.可知，当一个陌生人向作者问路的时候，作者像往常一样拒绝回答，但是后来他突然想起来，友谊大厦就是作者的办公楼，就是他工作的地方。故选C。
4.词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以及上文第四段中的内容可知，当那个陌生人问路的时候，作者像往常一样，没有为他指路。但是后来在作者的办公室里，作者又再次见到了那个陌生人，所以见面时，作者应该是感到很尴尬。故选A。
5.推理判断题。根据So I try to avoid giving people wrong directions.可知，作者不给陌生人指路是因为他自己方向感差，害怕给别人指错了方向，故A不对；根据I have visited a place many times but I may still get lost there the next time. 可知C不对；短文中没有提到那个陌生人见到作者时的感受，但是不应该是nervous，紧张，故D不对；根据Some people have a very poor sense of direction. Unluckily, I am one of them可知B是正确的。故选B。
★真题摘编
—Yesterday I received a letter from John.
—You did I hear he _______ for America next year.
A. leave B. leaves
C. left D. is leaving
【答案】D
【解析】句意:昨天我收到一封来自约翰的信 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).——你收到了吗？我听说他明天才动身去美国。结合语境可知下文描述的是将来发生的动作，英语中go， leave等表示位移的动词的现在进行时态，可表示将来计划打算进行的动作，故选D。
时态判断
所用时态
时间
一般现在时
on Sundays
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
ago, yesterday, last week, in 1989
now, these days
at this time yesterday, at that time
tomorrow,this afternoon,next year
the next day
so far,in the past years,since
标志
频率/真理/时间条件状从
at the age of 5,just now,when+从
look, listen与频度副词连用
when+过
in+时间段
常用于宾从中
already,yet,ever,never,before,for
过去完成时
by yesterday/then/the end of
when+过before+过，by+过
①完成时句中,与for,since,how long连用时,动词要用延续形式
go to, come to →be in/at leave→be away (from) arrive→be in/at
die →be kead begin/start→be on end →be over
buy →have join →be a member of/be in borrow→keep
get married→be married make friends with→be friends with
②have gone to“去了”人不在这里, have been to“去过”人在这里
¤强调句型：It is +一段时间+since+过去时 “自…以来，已经多长时间了”
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