(共47张PPT)
名
词
一、考查重点
可数名词与不可数名词
名词的单数与复数名词所有格
4.
名词用法以及词义辨析
名词的分类
名词所有格
名词的
句法作用
名词{
专有名词（如：Tom，China，
the
United
States,
January,
Monday)
可数名词{
普通名词
{
物质名词(如water,ice,wood)
抽象名词(如:happiness幸福)
个体名词(如：teacher教师)
集体名词(如：police警察)
不可数名{
考点一
名词的分类
专有名词：
1.表示人名
如：Jim
Kate
Li
Lei
Miss
Gao
2.表示地名:如:
China
USA
England
Beijing
3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
January
February
4.表示中外节日：
国际性节日:New
Year
May
Day
Children’s
Day
Women’s
Day
中国节日:
Spring
Festival
Mid-autumn
Day
National
Day
西方节日:
Christmas
Day
Easter(复活节）Father’s
Day
Mother’s
Day
Saint
Valentine’s
Day(情人节)
5.
机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:
CCTV
UN
WTO
PLA
PRC
UFO
BBC
SOS
UN
IT
NBA
IQ
EQ
PE
RMB
VIP
名词单数的表达
一般可用a，an，one来修饰
注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前
a
book
an
English
book
an
hour
flower
flowers
找规律,总结规则
watch
es
factory-factories
leaf
--
leaves
box
es
名词的复数形式
1.规则变化
(1)
一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/
dog
–
dogs
book
–
books
(2)
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/
box
–
boxes
watch
–
watches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”
/iz/
country
–
countries
factory
–
factories
请区别：如果是元音字母加y
结尾的名词则只须加“s”
boy
–
boys
holiday-holidays
monkey
–
monkeys
(4)
以f、fe
结尾的名词,变f、fe
为v再加“es”
/vz/
half
–
halves
shelf
–
shelves
knife
–
knives
leaf
–
leaves
特殊:roof---roofs
特殊:belief---beliefs
找规律
tomatoes
potatoes
heroes
英雄爱吃西红柿拌土豆。
(5)
以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外
piano
–
pianos
zoo
–
zoos
radio-radios
bamboo--bamboos
child--children
woman--women
sheep
man--men
2.不规则变化
(1)单复数同形
Chinese
–
Chinese
people–
people
Japanese
–
Japanese
sheep–sheep
(2)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth
–
teeth
foot
–
feet
(3).变man为
men
man
–
men
woman
–
women
policeman
–
policemen
Frenchman
–
Frenchmen
请区别：German(德国人)
–
Germans
(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)
(4).常以复数形式出现的名词
people
clothes
shoes
trousers
glasses
这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数
My
clothes
are
newer
than
yours.
3.可数名词可以被a,
an,
one,
two以及
how
many，many，a
few，few，any，lots
of,
a
lot
of
，
some等修饰
There
are
a
few
people
in
the
park.
How
many
knives
are
there
in
your
pencil-box
1.Several
_____
are
talking
under
the
tree．And
they
are
talking
about______.
A．woman;
children
B．woman;
child
C．women;
children
2.
There
are
three
in
my
family.
A.
people
B.
person
C.
child
3.
Some
______
came
to
our
school
for
a
visit
that
day.
A.
Germans
B.
Germen
C.
Germany
D.
Germanies
C
A
A
4.
In
the
picture
there
are
many______
and
two_______.
A.
sheeps;
knifes
B.
sheeps;
knife
C.
sheep;
knives
D.
sheep;
knife
5.
There
are
four_______and
two_______in
the
group.
A.
Japanese，Germen
B.
Japaneses，Germen
C.
Japanese，German
D.
Japanese，Germans
D
C
★不可数名词
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:
water，rice，fish，meat
等。
work
chalk
time
space
music
money
weather
homework
wood
information
news
medicine
１.drink---coffee,
milk,tea…
2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge,
tofu,…
3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…
4.weather---rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind…
5.cotton,silk,wool,metal,paper,wood,glass,
plastic
1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数
Some
bread
is
over
there.
No
news
is
good
news.
2.不可数名词不能直接被a,
an,
one,
two等修饰，常用how
much,
much,
a
little,
little,
a
lot
of,
lots
of,
some,
any，plenty
of
等修饰
They
had
much
money.
He
does
little
housework
at
home.
a
rice
(X)
two
bread
(X)
3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变
a
bag
of
apples
a
piece
of
paper
three
glasses
of
orange
巩固练习:
(1)一茶杯茶
（2）一块冰
（3）两公斤肉
（4）五瓶橘汁
（5）半公斤鸡肉
（6）许多瓶牛奶
4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情
况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
glass(玻璃)–
a
glass(玻璃杯)
work(工作)
–
a
work(著作)
time(时间)
–
times(次数)
1.
Please
give
me
______
paper.
A.
one
B.
a
pieces
C.
a
piece
D.
a
piece
of
2.
This
table
is
made
of_______.
A.
many
glass
B.
some
glasses
C.
glasses
D.
glass
3.
—What
can
I
do
for
you,
sir
—I'd
like
two_________.
A.bottle
of
milk
B.bottles
of
milks
C.bottles
of
milk
D.bottle
of
milks
4.
We
can
do
the
work
better
with______money
and
________
people.
A.
less,
fewer
B.
fewer,
less
C.
little,
little
D.
few,
few
D
D
C
A
主谓一致
当people,
class,
family,
team,
group,
public,
police
等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。
e.g
The
class
are
waiting
for
her.
Tom’s
family
_____
rather
big.
Tom’s
family
_________
film
fans.
is
are
2.news,
maths,
politics
表示单数意义，动词用单数。
e.g
The
news
makes
her
very
happy.
Maths
___
not
easy
for
him.
is
名词所有格
表示名词间的所有关系“
…的”
一.名词所有格的构成方法
1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s”
Kangkang’s
father
Lucy’s
book
2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“
’”即可
Teachers’
office
The
Greens’
house
3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s”
Children’
s
Day
men’
s
shoes
4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语
the
color
of
the
wall
a
picture
of
the
classroom
1.
June
1st
is
____Day.
All
the
Children
enjoy
it
very
much.
A.
Children
B.
Childrens’
C.
Children’s
D.
Child
2.
The
two
bedroom
are
the
____.
A.
twins
B.
twin’s
C
.twins’
D.
twins
C
C
双重所有格
of
+’s
或of+名词性物主代词。如：
A
book
of
my
daughter’s
我女儿的一本书
我其中的一个朋友
One
of
my
friends
A
friend
of
mine
5.如果事物为
2人或2人以上共同所有，
在最后一个名词后加-’s;
珍妮和海伦的房间
Jenny
and
Helen’s
room
6.如果事物不是
2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在
2个名词
后都加-’s
珍妮的房间和海伦的房间
Jenny’s
and
Helen’s
rooms
6.
Lucy
is
____
sister.
A.
Mary
and
Jack
B.
Mary’s
and
Jack’s
C.
Mary
and
Jacks
D.
Mary
and
Jack’s
重难点突破
D
7.
有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生
命的东西，也可以加
-‘s
构成所有格
2小时路程
北京最好的公园
今日的报纸
two
hours’
walk=two-hour
walk
Beijing’s
best
park
today’s
newspaper
at
my
uncle’s
=
at
my
uncle’s
home
at
a
tailor’s
=
at
a
tailor’s
shop
9.
表示类别的名词作定语，不用所有格
a
silk
hat
cotton
cloth
a
coffee
cup
8.
表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格
后面的名词
two
months’
vacation
a
mile’s
distance
8.
It’s
____from
our
school
to
my
home.
A.
ten
minutes’
walk
B.
ten
minute’s
walk
C.
ten
minute
walk
D.
ten
minutes
walk
重难点突破
A
1
广东的省会
2
教室的门
3
我父亲的一个朋友
4
他的两个兄弟
5
爱迪生的一些发明
6
他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)
7
他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)
the
capital
of
Guangdong
the
doors
of
the
classroom
a
friend
of
my
father’s
two
brothers
of
his
some
inventions
of
Edison’s
a
picture
of
his
brother’s
a
picture
of
his
brother
名词的所有格
Practice
★名词的用法
1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数
There
are
three
banana
trees
over
there.
2.
man
woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致
We
need
a
man
teacher.
They
are
all
women
workers.
3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式
a
sports
star
a
clothes
shop
重难点突破
小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因
Our
hospital
needs
two___doctors,
Mrs.
Li.
You
can
ask
your
son
to
have
a
try.
A.
women
B.
man
C.woman
D.
men
D
1.
The
model
plane
was
made
by
a
____
boy.
A.
ten-years-old
B.
ten-year-older
C.
ten-year-old
D.
ten-year
old
重难点突破
C
2
Where
is
Tom
---He
has
gone
to
the
_____.
A.
teacher
B.
teachers
C.
teacher’s
D.
teachers’
重难点突破
D
★名词所有格的几个注意点
可用名词所有格表示地点,
地点名词习惯上省略
my
aunt’s
(
home）
(我姑姑家）
go
to
the
teachers’
(
office）
(去老师办公室）
1
.
Could
you
please
get
me
some
________
I’m
hungry.
A.
apple
B.
water
C.
bread
D.
egg
2.
Something
is
wrong
with
my___.
I
can’t
see
anything
around
me.
A.
nose
B.
ears
C.
eyes
D.
mouth
3.
Mr.
White
has
a
beautiful
garden
with
many
______
in
it.
A.
flowers
B.
grass
C.
villages
D.
water
C
C
A
4.
---
How
far
is
your
cousin’s
home
from
here
---
It’s
about
two
______
drive.
A.
hour’s
B.
hours
C.
hours’
D.
hour
5.
Yao
Ming
did
a
good
job
in
the
basketball
match
yesterday.
He
is
my
favorite
______
A.
worker
B.
teacher
C.
dancer
D.
player
C
D
6.All
the
______
teachers
enjoyed
themselves
on
March
8th，because
it
was
their
own
holiday.
A．man
B.
men
C.
woman
D.
women
7.Ten
hours____(be)
not
eough
for
us
to
do
it.
D
is
Sum
up
What
have
you
learnt
this
lesson
Thank
you!中考英语名词专题复习教案
一、教学目标
1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。
2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。
二、考查重点
可数名词与不可数名词
名词的单数与复数名词所有格
3.
名词用法以及词义辨析
三、两课时
四、教学过程
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
专有名词：
1.表示人名
如：Jim
Kate
Li
Lei
Miss
Gao
2.表示地名:如:
China
USA
England
Beijing
3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
January
February
4.表示中外节日：
国际性节日:New
Year
May
Day
Children’s
Day
Women’s
Day
中国节日:
Spring
Festival
Mid-autumn
Day
National
Day
西方节日:
Christmas
Day
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Easter(复活节）Father’s
Day
Mother’s
Day
Saint
Valentine’s
Day(情人节)
5.
机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:
CCTV
UN
WTO
PLA
PRC
UFO
BBC
SOS
UN
IT
NBA
IQ
EQ
PE
RMB
VIP
１.drink---coffee,
milk,tea…
2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge,
tofu,…
3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…
4.weather---rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind…
5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass,
plastic
名词单数的表达一般可用a，an，one来修
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )饰
注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前
a
book，
an
English
book，
an
hour。
名词的复数形式
1.规则变化
(1)
一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/
dog
–
dogs
book
–
books
(2)
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/
box
–
boxes
watch
–
watches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”
/iz/
country
–
countries
factory
–
factories
请区别：如果是元音字母加y
结尾的名词则只须加“s”
boy
–
boys
holiday-holidays
monkey
–
monkeys
(4)
以f、fe
结尾的名词,变f、fe
为v再加“es”
/vz/
half
–
halves
shelf
–
shelves
knife
–
knives
leaf
–
leaves
特殊:belief---beliefs
特殊:roof---roofs
(5)
以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外
piano
–
pianos
zoo
–
zoos
radio-radios
bamboo--bamboos
2.不规则变化
(1)单复数同形
Chinese
–
Chinese
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ish
–
fish
Japanese
–
Japanese
sheep–sheep
(2)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth
–
teeth
foot
–
feet
(3).变man为
men
man
–
men
woman
–
women
policeman
–
policemen
Frenchman
–
Frenchmen
请区别：German(德国人)
–
Germans
(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)
(4).常以复数形式出现的名词
people
clothes
shoes
trousers
glasses
这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数
My
clothes
are
newer
than
yours.
3.可数名词可以被a,
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n,
one,
two以及
how
many，many，a
few，few，any，lots
of,
a
lot
of
，
some等修饰
There
are
a
few
people
in
the
park.
How
many
knives
are
there
in
your
pencil-box
1.Several
_____
are
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
talking
under
the
tree．And
they
are
talking
about______.
A．woman;
children
B．woman;
child
C．women;
children
2.
There
are
three
in
my
family.
A.
people
B.
person
C.
child
3.
Some
______
came
to
our
school
for
a
visit
that
day.
A.
Germans
B.
Germen
C.
Germany
D.
Germanies
4.
In
the
picture
there
are
many______
and
two_______.
A.
sheeps;
knifes
B.
sheeps;
knife
C.
sheep;
knives
D.
sheep;
knife
5.
There
are
four
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______and
two_______in
the
group.
A.
Japanese，Germen
B.
Japaneses，Germen
C.
Japanese，German
D.
Japanese，Germans
★不可数名词
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:
water，rice，fish，meat
等。
work
chalk
time
space
music
money
weather
homework
wood
information
news
medicine
1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数
Some
bread
is
over
there.
No
news
is
good
news.
2.不可数名词不能直接被a,
an,
one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),
two等修饰，常用how
much,
much,
a
little,
little,
a
lot
of,
lots
of,
some,
any，plenty
of
等修饰
They
had
much
money.
He
does
little
housework
at
home.
a
rice
(X)
two
bread
(X)
巩固练习:
(1)一茶杯茶
（2）一块冰
（3）两公斤肉
（4）五瓶橘汁
（5）半公斤鸡肉
（6）许多瓶牛奶
4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
glass(玻璃)–
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
glass(玻璃杯)
work(工作)
–
a
work(著作)
time(时间)
–
times(次数)
1.
Please
give
me
______
paper.
A.
one
B.
a
pieces
C.
a
piece
D.
a
piece
of
2.
This
table
is
made
of_______.
A.
many
glass
B.
some
glasses
C.
glasses
D.
glass
3.
—What
can
I
do
for
you,
sir
—I'd
like
two_________.
A.bottle
of
milk
B.bottles
of
milks
C.bottles
of
milk
D.bottle
of
milks
4.
We
can
do
the
work
better
with______money
and
________
people.
A.
less,
fewer
B.
fewer,
less
C.
little,
little
D.
few,
few
当people,
cla
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss,
family,
team,
group,
public,
police
等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。
e.g
The
class
are
waiting
for
her.
Tom’s
family
_____
rather
big.
Tom’s
family
_________
film
fans.
4.news,
maths,
politics
表示单数意义，动词用单数。
e.g
The
news
makes
her
very
happy.
Maths
___
not
easy
for
him.
名词所有格
表示名词间的所有关系“
…的”
一.名词所有格的构成方法
1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s”
Kangkang’s
father
Lucy’s
book
2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“
’”即可
Teachers’
office
The
Greens’
house
3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s”
Children’
s
Day
men’
s
shoes
4.无生命名词的所有关系用of
a
picture
of
the
classroom
加名词，构成所属关系的短语
the
color
of
the
wall
双重所有格
1.
June
1st
is
____Day.
All
the
Children
enjoy
it
very
much.
A.
Children
B.
Childrens’
C.
Children’s
D.
Child
2.
The
two
bedroom
are
the
____.
A.
twins
B.
twin’s
C
.twins’
D.
twins
5.如果事物为
2人或2人以上共同所有，
在最后一个名词后加-’s;
6.如果事物不是
2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在
2个名词
后都加-’s
6.
Lucy
is
____
sister.
A.
Mary
and
Jack
B.
Mary’s
and
Jack’s
C.
Mary
and
Jacks
D.
Mary
and
Jack’s
7.
有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生
命的东西，也可以加
-‘s
构成所有格
重难点突破
8.
It’s
____from
our
school
to
my
home.
A.
ten
minutes’
walk
B.
ten
minute’s
walk
C.
ten
minute
walk
D.
ten
minutes
walk
1
广东的省会the
capital
of
Guangdong
2
教室的门the
doors
of
the
classroom
3
我父亲的一个朋友a
friend
of
my
father’s
4
他的两个兄弟two
brothers
of
his
5
爱迪生的一些发明some
inventions
of
Edison’s
6
他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)
a
picture
of
his
brother’s
7
他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)
a
picture
of
his
brother
名词的用法
1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数
There
are
three
banana
trees
over
there.
2.
man
woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致
We
need
a
man
teacher.
They
are
all
women
workers.
3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式
a
sports
star
a
clothes
shop
小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因
Our
hospital
needs
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )two___doctors,
Mrs.
Li.
You
can
ask
your
son
to
have
a
try.
A.
women
B.
man
C.woman
D.
men
小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因
Our
hospital
needs
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )two___doctors,
Mrs.
Li.
You
can
ask
your
son
to
have
a
try.
A.
women
B.
man
C.woman
D.
men
名词所有格的几个注意点
可用名词所有格表示地点,
地点名词习惯上省略
my
aunt’s
(
home）
(我姑姑家）
go
to
the
teachers’
(
office）
(去老师办公室）
1
.
Could
you
please
get
me
some
________
I’m
hungry.
A.
apple
B.
water
C.
bread
D.
egg
2.
Something
is
wrong
with
my___.
I
can’t
see
anything
around
me.
A.
nose
B.
ears
C.
eyes
D.
mouth
3.
Mr.
White
has
a
beautiful
garden
with
many
______
in
it.
A.
flowers
B.
grass
C.
villages
D.
water
4.
---
How
far
is
your
cousin’s
home
from
here
---
It’s
about
two
______
drive.
A.
hour’s
B.
hours
C.
hours’
D.
hour
5.
Yao
Ming
did
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
good
job
in
the
basketball
match
yesterday.
He
is
my
favorite
______
A.
worker
B.
teacher
C.
dancer
D.
player
6.All
the
______
tea
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chers
enjoyed
themselves
on
March
8th，because
it
was
their
own
holiday.
A．man
B.
men
C.
woman
D.
women
