2017年广东中考英语课件：专题10 非谓语动词
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| 名称 | 2017年广东中考英语课件：专题10 非谓语动词 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2017-04-11 20:32:48 | ||
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课件19张PPT。专题十 非谓语动词考点1 动词不定式的形式及用法
考点2 省略to的动词不定式
考点3 非谓语动词常见易混词组辨析1.（2016·广东）Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting____ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning【解析】此处表示，Leonardo DiCaprio一直期望能获得奥斯卡奖，最终他成功了。expect to do sth.意为"期望做某事"。故选A。A【解析】此处表示，我们建议父母不要把他们的孩子单独留在家里。advise sb. not to do sth.意为“建议某人不要做某事”，故选B。2.（2015·广东）We advise parents ____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
A.not leave B.not to leave
C.leave D.to leave B3. （2014·广东） In order ____ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
A. not to be late B. are being late
C. to be late D. being late【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。为了会议不迟到，今天早上我姐姐迫使自己早早起床。in order to（为了）为固定搭配，根据语境这里又是否定意义，故用不定式的否定形式（not to）。故选A。A【解析】由空格后“因为你在睡觉”可知，这里指“尽量不弄出声音”。try not to do sth.意为“尽力/试着不做某事，符合语境”。故选B。4. （2013·广东）— I didn't hear you come in just now.
— That's good. We tried ____ any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make
C. to make D. makingB5. （2012·广东）It took me two weeks ___ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A. finish B. to finish
C. finishes D. finishing【解析】考查不定式作主语。It take sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,表示“做某事花费某人一些时间”。这里It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构（to do sth.）。故选B。B 动词不定式在句子中不能独立作谓语，它没有人称和数的变化，故又称非限定动词；但可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。其中以动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语三个用法的考查为主。
考点1 动词不定式的形式及用法
1.动词不定式的形式
动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略）；其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。
如：Mum told me to listen to the teacher carefully.妈妈告诉我上课认真听讲。She made the baby cry loudly.她让这个小孩放声大哭。
She advised me not to speak in the class.她建议我上课不要说话。
2.动词不定式的用法
(1)作宾语
如：They agree to finish the work before Sunday.他们同意在周日之前完成这项工作。
I decide to help my mother do the housework.我决定帮助我的妈妈做家务。
动词不定式作宾语的常见搭配：如:I would like to have a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。
Have you decided to go on a trip to Hong Kong this summer vacation? 你决定今年暑假去香港旅行了吗？【知识拓展】
1.当不定式作宾语时，通常还可以用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。
常跟it作形式宾语的动词有：find, think, make等。
如：I find it difficult to get on with him.我发现与他相处很难。
2.疑问词who, what, when, where， how，which等与动词不定式连用可用作主语或宾语。
如：When to go to Beijing has been decided.什么时候去北京已经定下来了。(作主语)
I haven’t decided yet when to leave. 我还没决定什么时候离开。(作宾语)
3.“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。
如：Can you tell me where to buy the scarf?
=Can you tell me where I can buy the scarf?你能告诉我从哪里能买到这条围巾吗？
(2)作宾语补足语
如：I told her not to watch too much TV.我告诉她不要看太多的电视。
He invites me to go to his party.他邀请我去他的聚会。
动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见搭配：如：Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
My mother asks me not to read in the bed.我妈妈不让我在床上看书。
(3)作目的状语
如：He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。
I get up early to catch the first bus.我早起为了赶上首班车。考点1练习题详见本书第72页考点2 省略to的动词不定式
常见省略to的动词不定式的搭配有：如：My mother makes me help that old woman.我妈妈让我帮助那位老妇人。
I often see him run on the road.我经常看到他在马路上跑步。
常见不带to的句型有：考点2练习题详见本书第72页考点3 非谓语动词常见易混词组辨析考点3练习题详见本书第73页1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.C
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.DA组：B组：
考点2 省略to的动词不定式
考点3 非谓语动词常见易混词组辨析1.（2016·广东）Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting____ an Oscar and finally he made it.
A. to win B. winning C. not to win D. not winning【解析】此处表示，Leonardo DiCaprio一直期望能获得奥斯卡奖，最终他成功了。expect to do sth.意为"期望做某事"。故选A。A【解析】此处表示，我们建议父母不要把他们的孩子单独留在家里。advise sb. not to do sth.意为“建议某人不要做某事”，故选B。2.（2015·广东）We advise parents ____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
A.not leave B.not to leave
C.leave D.to leave B3. （2014·广东） In order ____ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
A. not to be late B. are being late
C. to be late D. being late【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。为了会议不迟到，今天早上我姐姐迫使自己早早起床。in order to（为了）为固定搭配，根据语境这里又是否定意义，故用不定式的否定形式（not to）。故选A。A【解析】由空格后“因为你在睡觉”可知，这里指“尽量不弄出声音”。try not to do sth.意为“尽力/试着不做某事，符合语境”。故选B。4. （2013·广东）— I didn't hear you come in just now.
— That's good. We tried ____ any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. not make B. not to make
C. to make D. makingB5. （2012·广东）It took me two weeks ___ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A. finish B. to finish
C. finishes D. finishing【解析】考查不定式作主语。It take sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,表示“做某事花费某人一些时间”。这里It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构（to do sth.）。故选B。B 动词不定式在句子中不能独立作谓语，它没有人称和数的变化，故又称非限定动词；但可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。其中以动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语三个用法的考查为主。
考点1 动词不定式的形式及用法
1.动词不定式的形式
动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略）；其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。
如：Mum told me to listen to the teacher carefully.妈妈告诉我上课认真听讲。She made the baby cry loudly.她让这个小孩放声大哭。
She advised me not to speak in the class.她建议我上课不要说话。
2.动词不定式的用法
(1)作宾语
如：They agree to finish the work before Sunday.他们同意在周日之前完成这项工作。
I decide to help my mother do the housework.我决定帮助我的妈妈做家务。
动词不定式作宾语的常见搭配：如:I would like to have a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。
Have you decided to go on a trip to Hong Kong this summer vacation? 你决定今年暑假去香港旅行了吗？【知识拓展】
1.当不定式作宾语时，通常还可以用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。
常跟it作形式宾语的动词有：find, think, make等。
如：I find it difficult to get on with him.我发现与他相处很难。
2.疑问词who, what, when, where， how，which等与动词不定式连用可用作主语或宾语。
如：When to go to Beijing has been decided.什么时候去北京已经定下来了。(作主语)
I haven’t decided yet when to leave. 我还没决定什么时候离开。(作宾语)
3.“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。
如：Can you tell me where to buy the scarf?
=Can you tell me where I can buy the scarf?你能告诉我从哪里能买到这条围巾吗？
(2)作宾语补足语
如：I told her not to watch too much TV.我告诉她不要看太多的电视。
He invites me to go to his party.他邀请我去他的聚会。
动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见搭配：如：Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
My mother asks me not to read in the bed.我妈妈不让我在床上看书。
(3)作目的状语
如：He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。
I get up early to catch the first bus.我早起为了赶上首班车。考点1练习题详见本书第72页考点2 省略to的动词不定式
常见省略to的动词不定式的搭配有：如：My mother makes me help that old woman.我妈妈让我帮助那位老妇人。
I often see him run on the road.我经常看到他在马路上跑步。
常见不带to的句型有：考点2练习题详见本书第72页考点3 非谓语动词常见易混词组辨析考点3练习题详见本书第73页1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.C
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.DA组：B组：
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