unit 1 Spring is coming/ Lesson five-Lesson eight 同步学案

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名称 unit 1 Spring is coming/ Lesson five-Lesson eight 同步学案
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更新时间 2010-03-08 18:14:00

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八年级英语Unit 1 Lesson Five-Lesson Eight
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容:
Unit 1 Lesson Five-Lesson Eight
1. 单词和短语
n. cycling babysitter playground bar swing push
v. shall kick babysit hold swing push
adv. partly
prep. herself hold on come down
2. 语法
3. 交际用语
二. 重点、难点分析
1. so adv. 表示程度,意为“这么;那么”。如:
The weather is so cold that we can’t go out today.
今天天气这么冷,我们不能出去了。
Don’t walk so fast. 不要走那么快。
I’m so glad that you’ve come! 你来了,我真是太高兴了!
I’ve never seen so beautiful a child. 我从没见过这么漂亮的小孩。
so和such都有“这么”的意思,但在句中的结构形式不同。so后跟形容词或副词,such后跟名词,so+adj.+a(an)+n.;such+a(an)+adj.+n.。
It is so interesting a book. 它是这么有趣的一本书。
It is such an interesting book. 它是一本这么有趣的书。
2. shall“将;将要”,其后加动词原形构成一般将来时态。
shall只用于第一人称,其他人称用will+动词原形构成一般将来时。
will也可用于第一人称。
I shall visit my friend Lin Hua next week. 我要在下周去看望我的朋友林华。
We shall go to the park with my parents. 我们将和我父母一起去公园。
He will borrow some money from his teacher. 他将向他老师借些钱。
3. go bike riding骑自行车旅行
go on a ride坐公共汽车或长途汽车出游
go for a ride去骑一会自行车(去骑一会儿马或去搭乘一会汽车等)
They often go bike riding on Sundays. 星期天他们常常骑自行车旅行。
4. how about… 等于what about…
How about/What about+名词/代词(pron. )动名词(v-ing)意为“……怎么样 ”这是一个省略句式,口语中常用来征求对方的看法,或表示建议、询问。如:
How/What about this kind of mooncake 这种月饼怎么样
How/What about sitting here to look at the moon 坐在这儿赏月怎么样
I like this kind of mooncake with something sweet inside. How/What about you
我喜欢这种里面有甜东西的月饼。你呢
5. hit sb. on the head打某人的头
The boy often hits me on the head. 那男孩常常打我的头。
Don’t hit him on the head. 不要打他的头。 -
在该句型中的the不能用his,my等词代替。hit sb. in the face打某人的脸
6. Shall we… 是用来征求对方意见时最常用的句型之一,意为“我们……好吗 ”“要不要…… ”如:
Shall we play basketball 我们打篮球好吗
Shall I open the window 我打开窗好吗
Shall we watch TV 我们看电视好吗
7. babysitter n. 临时保姆;照顾婴儿的人。其动词形式是babysit,意为“临时替人照看婴儿;照顾婴儿”。动词的现在分词形式应双写t加ing-babysitting
I’m going to babysit my sister on Sunday,so I’m a babysitter that day.
星期天我要照顾我妹妹,因此那天我是临时保姆。
8. Have you ever been… 你曾经……吗 是现在完成时态的结构形式。现在完成时表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。现在完成时态的结构:
have(has)+动词的过去分词,其中的has用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中,
have用于其他人称。
动词的过去分词的构成:过去分词分规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。规则变化的过去分词等于过去式,即在动词词尾加ed;不规则变化的过去分词见课本后的不规则动词表。如be的过去分词是been,get的过去分词为got等。
现在完成时态用法举例:
—Have you ever been to Shanghai 你曾经去过上海吗
—No, I haven’t. 不,我没去过。
I have never been to Beijing. 我从未去过北京。
She has travelled many places. 她已旅游过许多地方。
They haven’t finished their homework. 他们还没有完成作业。
We have seen the movie before. 我们以前看过那部电影。
9. This is the first time I have been a babysitter. 这是我第一次当临时保姆。
(1)the first time第一次。如:
She left school for the first time. 她第一次离开学校。
(2)这是一个含定语从句的复合句,I have been a babysitter作定语修饰time.
如:This is the pen that I lost. 这就是我丢的那支钢笔。
10. 有关turn的常用词组:
turn around转身turn in上交;交出
turn to转到;翻到turn off关(电器、煤气、自来水等)
turn into变成 turn on开;旋开(电灯、无线电等)
turn against背叛 turn…over把……翻过来
turn green变绿
11. run to… 跑向……
He ran to the tall tree. 他向那棵大树跑去。
The boy ran to me and said. 那男孩跑到我跟前说话。
run after追逐;追赶 run away跑掉;走掉
run back over回顾;回想 run into和……相撞;无意间碰到
run out of用完
12. give sb. a push推某人一下push v.&n. “推”,其反义词是pull(拉)。
You push the car and I’ll pull it. 你推车,我来拉。
push harder更加用力推
push to the front of the line挤到队伍的前面
13. It’s time to do sth. 是干某事的时候了,该干某事了。
It’s time for sb. to do sth. 某人该干某事了;是某人干某事的时候了。
It’s time for+sth. 该干某事了。如:
It’s time to get up. 该起床了。
It’s time for me to go to school. 我该上学了。
It’s time for supper. 该吃晚饭了。
14. stop swinging停止荡秋千。
辨析:stop doing sth. 与stop to do sth.
stop doing sth. 表示停止干某事;stop to do sth. 表示停下来去干某事。如:
Stop talking, let’s begin our class. 不要讲话了,我们开始上课。
He’s tired. He stops to have a rest. 他累了,他停下来休息。
15. get off下来;从……上下来。其反义词是get on。如:
Don’t get off before the bus stops. 车停下来之前不要下车。
Who got off the bus 谁从车上下去了
16. look like“看起来像”。其中的like是介词,意为“像”,其后跟名词或代词。如:
The girl looks like her mother. 那女孩看上去像她妈妈。
It looks like a big tree. 它看上去像一棵大树。
e on为祈使句,表示劝说、激励、不耐烦等,表示“快点;快来”。如:
Come on! We’ll be late for school. 快一点,我们要迟到了。(招呼)
Come on! Li Ming. 加油!李明。(用于体育比赛)
Come on! Don’t cry. Everything will be all right. 得了,别哭了。一切都会好起来的。(劝说)
18. a few“一些;少量”,用来修饰可数名词的复数形式。如:
I have a few pen pals in Australia. 我有几个笔友在澳大利亚。
辨析:few,a few,little与a little
few,a few用来修饰可数名词;little,a little后跟不可数名词。
few,little同义,否定用法,意为“很少;几乎没有”;a few,a little同义,肯定用法,意为“一些;少量”。另外a little还可用来修饰形容词比较级,意为“有点儿”。如:
Few students saw Li Ming yesterday. 昨天几乎没有学生看见过李明。
There are a few boys playing on the playground. 有几个男孩在操场上玩。
There is little ink in the bottle. 瓶子里几乎没有墨水了。
His brother is a little taller than me. 他哥哥比我高点儿。
little还可以当“小”讲,可以修饰可数名词。当修饰可数名词单数时,可与不定冠词a连用。如:
They are little boys. 他们是小孩子。
He is a little boy. 他是个小孩子。
19. would be是过去将来时态的结构形式。过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时通常用于日记等过去时表示的文章或宾语从句中。过去将来时态的结构:would+动词原形。
He said he would babysit his sister tomorrow. 他说他明天要照顾他妹妹。
①I thought that it would be easy to babysit there. 我想在那里照顾婴儿是容易的。
20. think about考虑
think的常见短语还有:think over仔细考虑think of想;想起
We are thinking about having a meeting. 我们正考虑开个会。
He’s always thinking of other people first. 他总是先想着别人。
Let me think it over. 让我好好想一想。
21. that在①句中是一个引导词,用来引导一个宾语从句。that在宾语从句中只起引导作用,没有词义,在口语中常常省略。在宾语从句中,当从句是陈述句时,用that引导。
1 was scared that she would hurt herself.我害怕她会伤着自己。
I don’t know that there will be a meeting this afternoon.
我不知道今天下午有个会议。
22. it在①句中是形式主语,真正主语是动词不定式to babysit。
英语中,当动词不定式作主语时,常常用it作为形式主语,置于谓语动词之前,真正主语不定式置于句末,译成汉语时仍置于句首。如:
It is important to practice more speaking English. 多练习说英语很重要。
It is not easy to learn English well. 学好英语不容易。
23. hurt herself伤着她自己。有些动词后面常跟反身代词。如:
teach oneself自学。如:He’s teaching himself English. 他在自学英语。
learn sth. by oneself自学。如:
He learned English by himself. 他自学过英语。
enjoy oneself玩得愉快。如:Last Sunday they enjoyed themselves in the zoo. 上个星期天,他们在动物园里玩得很痛快。
24. had made是过去完成时态的结构形式。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间看来已经完成的动作。过去完成时表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去。过去完成时态谓语动词结构:had+过去分词。
We had learned one thousand English words by the end of last year.
到去年年底我们已学了1 000个英语单词。
25. So was I!是一个倒装结构,意为“我也是”。其结构特点是:so+助动词+主语。
表示“……也如此”。如:
The girl is in Class Three,so am I. 那女孩在三班,我也是。
They can sing this song in English,so can we.
他们会用英语唱这首歌,我们也会。
My father goes to work by bike,so does my mother.
我父亲骑自行车去上班,我母亲也是。
如果要表达否定的意思,则用neither(或nor)+助动词+主语。
Danny didn’t finish his homework,nor did I. 丹尼没有完成作业,我也没有。
so+主语+助动词,表示赞同,主语不倒装。如:
—He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
—So he does. 他的确喜欢。
26. not… any more不再
I don’t watch TV in the evening any more.
晚上我不再看电视了。
The teacher doesn’t leave us by ourselves after school any more.
放学后老师不再把我们单独留下了。
27. too在该句中是程度副词,意为“太”,用来修饰形容词或副词。如:
This book is too dear. 这本书太贵了。
The boy is too lazy. 那个男孩太懒了。
too还表示“也”,通常用于肯定句,置于句尾,其前用逗号,其后用句号。如:
My bike is broken,too. 我的自行车也坏了。
He is in Grade One,too. 他也在一年级。
28. feel tired感到疲劳。feel作“感到;觉得”解时,用法相当于be,用作系动词,其后跟形容词作表语。如:
I feel terrible. 我觉得不舒服。
They feel cold. 他们觉得冷。
Do you feel tired 你觉得累吗
【拓展】
常见的用作系动词的词还有:get(变得),become(成为),turn(变),look(看起来),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),seem(看起来;似乎;好像)等。如:
The weather in spring gets warmer and warmer. 春天的天气变得越来越暖和。
That sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣。
The apples taste very sweet. 这苹果尝起来很甜。
29. become作“成为;变得”解为连系动词,表示变化,其后跟名词或形容词作表评become的过去式为became。如:
He became a great man. 他成了伟人。
become不可与不定式连用;一般不用于“将来成为”的意思,此时用be,不说wish to become…,通常说:I wish to be…。如:
I wish to be a pianist. 我想成为一名钢琴家。
30. change用作动词,意为“改变;改换;变化”,也可用作名词,意为“变化;更换;钱”等。如:
I changed my mind. 我改变了主意。
Many changes have taken place since you left. 你离开以后发生了许多变化。
31. make a noise吵闹make a lot of noise吵吵闹闹
noise 声音,主要指噪音,闹声,喧闹声,令人厌烦的声音。如:
What are those strange noises
那些奇怪的声音是什么
Don’t make so much noise. 别这么大声嚷嚷。
32. What a cold day!是一个感叹句,意为“多冷的天啊!”
英语中的感叹句大多以what或how开头,其结构及用法为:
What+(冠+adj. )+n. +主谓结构!
How+adj. (或adv. )+主谓结构!如:
How interesting the movie is!这部电影多么有趣!
What an interesting movie it is!这是一部多么有趣的电影啊!
How beautiful the flowers are!这些花真美!
What beautiful flowers they are!它们是多么美丽的花啊!
两种感叹句型可以相互转化。如:How beautiful the flowers are!可转化为:What beautiful flowers they are!多美的花儿啊!
【模拟试题】(答题时间:40分钟)
I. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. When spring comes,everything _____(grow)very quickly.
2. The weather is_____(bad)today than yesterday.
3. Spring is coming. The days get______(warm)and______(long).
4. It______(snow). Now we can play in the snow.
5. Winter is the______(cold)season of the year.
II. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 冬天过后就是春天。Spring____ ____winter.
2. 今天天多阴啊! ____ _____it is today !
3. 昨天雪下得很大。It _____ yesterday.
4. 我们散散步好吗 Shall we_____ ______ _____
5. 直到5月份我们才看到花。We ______see any flowers ______May.
III. 单项填空
( )1. Don’t worry. There is ______ time left.
A. few B. a few C. 1ittle D. a little
( )2. Brian wanted ______ her a push.
A. give B. to give C. gives D. giving
( )3. for me that.
A. Thanks you;telling B. Thanks;telling
C. Thank you;tell D. Thanks;tell
( )4. time for him to go to bed.
A. That’s B. It’s C. This is D. He’s
( )5. He hurt his leg when he got the wall.
A. from B. off C. off from D. out of
( )6. The doctor looks over the sick people_____ .
A. one and one B. one after one
C. one or one D. one by one
( )7. There _____be a heavy snow the day after tomorrow.
A. shall B. are going to C. is going D. will
( )8. —____ _____ —It’s October 8th.
A. What’s the time B. What day is it today
C. What’s the date today D. Which day is it today
( )9. It is warm in spring, _____I like it.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
( )10. What makes you ______he is a teacher
A. think B. thinking C. thinks D. to think
IV. 书面表达
运动对于我们来说非常重要,想必你一定有自己的体育爱好(PE) 那么你有哪些体育爱好 你是如何安排的呢 你每天/每周的运动频率是多少 请你以“My sports”为题,根据以上提示写一篇短文。
要求:语句通顺,书写规范工整,以上提示都须包含在内,词数在50~80之间。
My sports
【试题答案】
I. 1. grows 2. worse 3. warmer, longer 4. has snowed 5. coldest
II. 1. comes after 2. How cloudy
3. snowed heavily 4. go for a walk 5. won’t untill
III. 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A
IV. My sports
Exercise is good for my health. I like swimming,playing soccer and running. My favorite sport is running. Usually I run from 5:30 to 6:30 in the afternoon. And I run four times a week. It’s very interesting. Sometimes I swim at noon insummer and autumn,because it’s hot. And I play soccer once a week. I am a bittired but I can relax myself after playing soccer. I like exercising and it makes my body strong.
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