宾语从句练习题
1．–Could you tell _______ –You can take No. 16 bus.21教育网
A. how can I get to the Olympic Park
B. how I can get to the Olympic Park
C. how did I get to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )he Olympic Park
D. how I got to the Olympic Park
2．--- Can you tell me _____________ visit the museum 21·cn·jy·com
---Next week.
A. when we will
B. when will we
C. what we will
3．— I wonder .
— Shandong Province．
A．when will Peng Liyuan come
B．how Peng Liyuan will come
C．how Peng Liyuan came from
D．where Peng Liyuan is from
4．I don ' t know .
A.where she comes from
B. how old is she
C. When was she born
5．— What are you discussing
— We are discussing_______________.
A. when can we meet at Xinhua Bookstore
B. where we will have a wonderful outing
C. whether shall we have a barbecue during May Daywww.21-cn-jy.com
D. what shall we do this weekend
6．---Did Mr Smith te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll you __________ ---Yes. He said that he went there in 2003.
A. when he traveled to Tibet
B. how he goes to Wuhan
C. where he spent his holiday
D. why did he visit Kunming
7．The students don’t know the broken computer.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. what to deal with
B. what to do with
C. how can they deal with
D. how to do with[]
8．— Excuse me, can I interview Mr White
— A moment, please. Let me check ________.
A. if Mr White will be free
B. when will Mr White have time
C. if Mr White was busy
D. when does Mr White come back
9．If you watch carefu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lly, you can see ________ the man does the trick with the cards.
A. who B. what
C. how D. which
10．If you can not find the place, I will show you _______.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. what it is B. what it was
C. Where it is D. Where it was
11.
When I was in primar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y school, I had a big argument with a boy in my class. l can't what it was about, but I have never forgotten the I learned that day.21世纪教育网版权所有
I was sure that I was right and he was wrong. , he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right. The teacher decided to teach us a lesson. She a good idea. She brought both of us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her grey desk and me on In the middle of the desk was a large, round object. It was for me to see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. " " he answered in a loud voice.
I couldn't that the object was whites considering that it was certainly black! One more argument started between the boy and me, this time the color of the object.
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )told me to go stand where the key was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed , and then she asked me what the color of the object was. I answer, "White. " It was then that I knew what was wrong. It was an object with two colored sides, and from .his side it was white. from my side was it black.21·世纪*教育网
My teacher taught ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'me a very important 1.esson that day: You must " in other person's position (位置) and look at the through their eyes in order to truly understand their ideas.
【1】A. understand B. remember C. explain
【2】A. class B. subject C. lesson
【3】A. Therefore B. Also C. However
【4】A. came up wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h B. went on with C. got along with
【5】A. another B. other C. the other
【6】A. hard B. clear C. lucky
【7】A. Black B. White C. Grey
【8】A. realize B. describe C. believe
【9】A. like B. against C. about
【10】A. places B. objects C. opinions
【11】A. could B. should C. had to
【12】A. similarly B. differently C. brightly[]
【13】A, But B. Still C..Only
【14】A. appear B. stand C, hide
【15】A. situat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion B. discussion C. solution
12.
When you do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak. When you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory (记忆 ) works in the same way.
When someone says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.www-2-1-cnjy-com
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault (过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents may be blamed (责备 ) , and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t read or write but usually they have better memories This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember things, they cannot write them down in a small notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories, so their memory is being exercised the whole time.
So if you want to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering things in a way as other people do.21cnjy.com
【1】Someone can’t have a good memory if _
A. his parents don't have a good memory
B. he can't read or write
C. he doesn’t use his memory
D. he doesn't use his arms or legs for some time
【2】If you do not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )use your arms or legs for some time, _
A. they become weak and wont become strong until you use them again2-1-c-n-j-y
B. they will become stronger
C. they become weak but they slowly become strong again21*cnjy*com
D. you cant use them any more
【3】Which of the following is true
A. Your memory works in the different way as your arms or legs.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
B. Your memory, like ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) your arms or legs, becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance to practice.【出处：21教育名师】
C. Don't learn how ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to read or write if you want to have a better memory.【版权所有：21教育】
D. A good memory comes from less practice.
【4】Few people know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that it is only _ if a friend has a poor memory.
A. his grandmother's fault
B. his parents fault
C. his teachers’ fault
D. his own fault
【5】The writer wants to tell us________ .
A. how to have a good memory
B. how to read and write
C. how to use our arms or legs
D. how to learn from the people
★真题摘编
—Do you know_______ in America
—Sure. It’s the third Sunday of June.
A. when Father’s Day is
B. how is Father’s Day
C. when is Father’s Day
D. how Father’s Day is
宾语从句
语序
.时态
引导词
引导词后用陈述语序
（主+谓:人在动词前）
主现从不限
主过从相应过
真理：真不讲理只用现在时
that+陈述句
whether/if+一般疑问句
特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句
作宾语的句子叫宾从
可以作动词，介词或某些形容词的宾语
注意事项
（1）that 可省略 *be+形容词+that宾从
（2）只用whether,不用if：①+主从②+表从③介词后
④+to do ⑤+让步状从 ⑥discuss后
⑦wonder / not sure后 ⑧含义易混时⑨+or not
（3）宾从省略式：特殊疑问词+不定式 what to do与how to do it
（4）在think, believe等引导的宾从中，如果否定的是后面的从句，要否定前移
5）作宾从语序不变的情况：
What’s wrong with ... What’s the matter with...
Which is the way to the... What is the most useful invention in the world
What is happening over there Who is standing over there
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 5 页 （共 5 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网吸星大法之中考复习
12、宾语从句
原创笔记
【第一部分】知识点分布 1、宾语从句中的连接词、语序和时态（重点&考点）
2、不能省略that的情况、if和whether的用法区别（难点&考点）
3、宾语从句的简化（难点）
一、宾语从句概述 1、概念：在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。
2、宾语从句的三要素：连接词、语序和时态
二、宾语从句中的连接词 1、从属连词：that ,whether, if
（1）由that引导的宾语从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。Eg： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
(2)不能省略that 的情况： A. 当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。 I believe（ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that）you have done your best and that things will get better．B. 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。 Just then I notice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. C. 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，that不可省。 I can’t tell him that his book is missing D、当it作形式宾语时 例句：She made it clea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r that she had nothing to do with him． E、当宾语从句前置时 That our team will win，I believe．F.当that作learn, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时; 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 Eg: I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
(3)但在下列情况下只能用whether，不能用if： A. 在具有选择意义，又有or或 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if…or not 也可以使用）。如： Let me know whether ／ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）I don't B. 在介词之后用whether。如： I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。 We're thinking abou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。 C. 在不定式前用whether。如： He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 D. whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如： Whether this is t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rue or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。 E. 引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如： Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。 F. 若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如： Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为： If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我
(4)只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句 A. if引导条件状语从句，意为―如果‖。 eg: The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny. B. if引导否定概念的宾语从句时。eg: He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday. C. 引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时。 Eg: He talks as if he has known all about it.
2、连接代词和连接副词 （1）常见的连接代词和连接副词有：who, whose, what ,which,when ,where, how, why （2）这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Eg:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is
三、宾语从句中的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
I don’t know wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t they are looking for. Could you tell me when the train will leave
四、宾语从句中的时态 （1）主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )况使用任何时态。 Eg ：The headmaster hopes everything goes well. （2）主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。 Eg:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time. （3）当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 Eg:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
五、宾语从句的简化 方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如： Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon. We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him
方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为―疑问词+不定式‖结构。例如： She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window. 注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为―疑问词+不定式‖结构。例如： Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：当主句的谓语动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为―名词（代词）+不定式‖结构。例如： The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如： He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us. The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为―宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）结构。例如： Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：It seemed that the boys were going to win.→The boys seemed to win.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
宾语从句练习题
1．–Could you tell _______ –You can take No. 16 bus.
A. how can I get to the Olympic Park
B. how I can get to the Olympic Park
C. how did I get to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )he Olympic Park
D. how I got to the Olympic Park
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：特殊疑问句做宾语从句时， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用陈述语序；可排除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除D；句意：---你能告诉我我怎样到达奥林匹克公园吗？----你能乘坐16路公共汽车。结合句意，故选B
2．--- Can you tell me _____________ visit the museum
---Next week.
A. when we will
B. when will we
C. what we will
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意：你能告诉我，我们什么时候去参观博物馆吗？下周。该句问什么时间，引导词选when,宾语从句语序使用陈述语序。排除故选A。
3．— I wonder .
— Shandong Province．
A．when will Peng Liyuan come
B．how Peng Liyuan will come
C．how Peng Liyuan came from
D．where Peng Liyuan is from
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：英语宾语从句中一般用陈述语序。根据下文，山东省。可知上文提问的是地点，她来自哪里指的是客观性的动作，用一般现在时态。故选D
4．I don ' t know .
A.where she comes from
B. how old is she
C. When was she born
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我不知道她来自哪。不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述语序，即：从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序，从句的时态要与主句的时态保持一致。结合句意，故选A
5．— What are you discussing
— We are discussing_______________.
A. when can we meet at Xinhua Bookstore
B. where we will have a wonderful outing
C. whether shall we have a barbecue during May Day
D. what shall we do this weekend
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析: 句意：---你们正在讨论什么？---我们正在讨论我们在哪开始精彩的远足。此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句中要用陈述句的语序；故选B。
6．---Did Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Smith tell you __________ ---Yes. He said that he went there in 2003.
A. when he traveled to Tibet
B. how he goes to Wuhan
C. where he spent his holiday
D. why did he visit Kunming
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：根据回答：他是在2003 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )年去的那里。可知在问时间，所以用when引导宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选择时态，如果主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。根据主句是过去时态，所以从句用过去时态，排除B。D语序错误，根据回答排除C，故选A。
7．The students don’t know the broken computer.
A. what to deal with
B. what to do with
C. how can they deal with
D. how to do with21世纪教育网
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：学生们不知道怎样处理弄坏的电脑。宾语从句应该用陈述句的语序，故排除B。疑问词加动词不定式，也可以做宾语，how to deal with或what to do with,怎样处理······。根据句意及结构，故选B。
8．— Excuse me, can I interview Mr White
— A moment, please. Let me check ________.
A. if Mr White will be free
B. when will Mr White have time
C. if Mr White was busy
D. when does Mr White come back
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：英语宾语从句中一般为陈 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )述语序。句意：打扰了，今天下午我能采访怀特先生吗？——请稍等。让我查查怀特先生是否有空。结合语境可知下文宾语从句中描述的是将来的动作，故用一般将来时态。选项B为倒装语序，故选A。
9．If you watch ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )refully, you can see ________ the man does the trick with the cards.
A. who B. what
C. how D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：A. who 谁 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )；B. what什么； C. how怎样；D. which哪一个；句意：如果你仔细观看，你会看到这个男人是如何玩牌的把戏的。本题考查how引导的宾语从句；结合语境可知选C。
10．If you can not find the place, I will show you _______.
A. what it is B. what it was
C. Where it is D. Where it was
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：英语宾语从句中一般是陈述语序。根据前文，如果你不能找到这个地方。可知下文宾语从句中指的是地点。故选C。
11.
When I was in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )primary school, I had a big argument with a boy in my class. l can't what it was about, but I have never forgotten the I learned that day.
I was sure that I was right and he was wrong. , he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right. The teacher decided to teach us a lesson. She a good idea. She brought both of us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her grey desk and me on In the middle of the desk was a large, round object. It was for me to see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. " " he answered in a loud voice.
I couldn't that the object was whites considering that it was certainly black! One more argument started between the boy and me, this time the color of the object.
The teacher told me t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o go stand where the key was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed , and then she asked me what the color of the object was. I answer, "White. " It was then that I knew what was wrong. It was an object with two colored sides, and from .his side it was white. from my side was it black.
My teacher taught ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 'me a very important 1.esson that day: You must " in other person's position (位置) and look at the through their eyes in order to truly understand their ideas.
【1】A. understand B. remember C. explain
【2】A. class B. subject C. lesson
【3】A. Therefore B. Also C. However
【4】A. came u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p with B. went on with C. got along with
【5】A. another B. other C. the other
【6】A. hard B. clear C. lucky
【7】A. Black B. White C. Grey
【8】A. realize B. describe C. believe
【9】A. like B. against C. about
【10】A. place ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. objects C. opinions
【11】A. could B. should C. had to
【12】A. similarly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. differently C. brightly21世纪教育网
【13】A, But B. Still C..Only
【14】A. appear B. stand C, hide
【15】A. situation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. discussion C. solution
【答案】BCCAC BBCCA CBCBA
【解析】该短文属于记叙文。作者讲述了小学老师用很特别的方法，引导学生接受他人的观点。
【1】句意是：想不起来因什么而争论，用remember（记得）。
【2】从第二段第三句，和最后一段的第一句中，可知，难忘的是lesson。21世纪教育网
【3】两人观点不一致，前后有转折的意思，用However。
【4】跟a good idea连用，用came up with“想出”最合适。
【5】根据情节描述，两个孩子分别在讲桌的两边，也就是说，一边一个，套用one…the other…结构。
【6】讲桌上的东西很大，颜色极易分辨，因此使用clear。
【7】根据后文内容，我不相信……而引起的又一次争论，得知男孩说出来的是white。
【8】我认为是black，男孩认为是white。我不相信男孩所说。
【9】因……而争论，用介词about“关于…”。
【10】老师让我和男孩互换位置，用places。
【11】作者开始坚持black，而现在改变位置，看到的是white，这时回答物体的颜色，观点明显变化，用had to“不得不”。
【12】这个物体有两个不同的面，differently“不同的”。
【13】只是从我这面看是黑色的。only+介词短语作状语时，句子半倒装。
【14】站在……位置。
【15】通过别人的眼光看情况。
12.
When you do not use ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak. When you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory (记忆 ) works in the same way.
When someone says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault (过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents may be blamed (责备 ) , and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t read or write but usually they have better memories This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember things, they cannot write them down in a small notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories, so their memory is being exercised the whole time.
So if you want to hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a good memory, learn from the people: practice remembering things in a way as other people do.
【1】Someone can’t have a good memory if _
A. his parents don't have a good memory
B. he can't read or write
C. he doesn’t use his memory
D. he doesn't use his arms or legs for some time
【2】If you do no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t use your arms or legs for some time, _
A. they become weak and wont become strong until you use them again
B. they will become stronger
C. they become weak but they slowly become strong again
D. you cant use them any more
【3】Which of the following is true
A. Your memory works in the different way as your arms or legs.
B. Your memory, l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike your arms or legs, becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance to practice.
C. Don't learn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) how to read or write if you want to have a better memory.
D. A good memory comes from less practice.
【4】Few people know tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t it is only _ if a friend has a poor memory.
A. his grandmother's fault
B. his parents fault
C. his teachers’ fault
D. his own fault
【5】The writer wants to tell us________ .
A. how to have a good memory
B. how to read and write
C. how to use our arms or legs
D. how to learn from the people
【答案】CABDA
【解析】21世纪教育网
试题分析：这篇短文中作者想要告诉我们，我们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的记忆力就像我们的胳膊和腿一样，需要经常使用，给它足够的练习，这样我们才能有好的记忆力。作者还告诉我们应该怎样提高我们的记忆力。
【1】细节理解题。根据短文第一段的意思可知， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作者用胳膊或腿给我们做类比，如果我们不经常的使用他们，他们就会变弱；当你又重新使用他们的时候，他们又会变得强壮。我们的记忆力也是一样的。由此可知，如果我们不使用我们的记忆力，我们就不会有好的记忆力。故选C。
【2】细节理解题。根据短文第一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段中When you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak. When you start using them again, they slowly become strong again可知，当我们一段时间不用我们的胳膊或腿的时候，他们就会变弱。当你重新使用他们的时候，他们又会慢慢地变强。故选A。
【3】推理判断题。根据memory (记忆 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )) works in the same way.可排除A；根据This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember things, they cannot write them down in a small notebook.可排除C；根据When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it.可排除D；根据When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.可知B是正确的。故选B。
【4】细节理解题。根据短文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents may be blamed (责备 ) , and few of us know that it is just his own fault.可知，如果你的朋友告诉你他的记忆力不好，我们很少有人会知道这其实是他自己的错。故选D。
【5】主旨大意题。这篇短文 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中作者想要告诉我们，我们的记忆力就像我们的胳膊和腿一样，需要经常使用，给它足够的练习，这样我们才能有好的记忆力。作者还告诉了我们应该怎样提高我们的记忆力。故A选项怎样有好的记忆力最符合文意。故选A。
★真题摘编
—Do you know_______ in America
—Sure. It’s the third Sunday of June.
A. when Father’s Day is
B. how is Father’s Day
C. when is Father’s Day
D. how Father’s Day is
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：你知道什么时候是父亲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )节吗？当然，六月的第三个星期日。当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词连接主从句，根据答语回答的是时间，所以用疑问词when，排除B和D,采用陈述句语序排除C，故选A。
注意事项
（1）that 可省略 *be+形容词+that宾从
（2）只用whether,不用if：①+主从②+表从③介词后
④+to do ⑤+让步状从 ⑥discuss后
⑦wonder / not sure后 ⑧含义易混时⑨+or not
（3）宾从省略式：特殊疑问词+不定式 what to do与how to do it
（4）在think, believe等引导的宾从中，如果否定的是后面的从句，要否定前移
5）作宾从语序不变的情况：
What’s wrong with ... What’s the matter with...
Which is the way to the... What is the most useful invention in the world
What is happening over there Who is standing over there
宾语从句
语序
.时态
引导词
引导词后用陈述语序
（主+谓:人在动词前）
主现从不限
主过从相应过
真理：真不讲理只用现在时
that+陈述句
whether/if+一般疑问句
特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句
作宾语的句子叫宾从
可以作动词，介词或某些形容词的宾语
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 10 页 （共 10 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共72张PPT)
Lectured by Tom
2017年吸心大法之中考复习
宾语从句
目 录
1.思维导图【知识点】
2.思维导图【考点】
3.考点及习题
4.专题训练
知识拓展
宾语从句
命题特点
题型
重点考查
单项选择或动词运用
复习指导
能根据句意、回答判断引导词。
明确复合句的种类和区别
if引导的宾语从句/条件从句和when引导的宾语从句/时间状语从句
宾语从句的时态、语序和引导词
考查考生在具体语境下句式的掌握，往往以对话的形式出现。
牢牢把握if和when的两面性
语序
时态
引导词
宾语从句大考点
考生在做此类试题时， 可以从以下三个方面着手：
先从语序着手。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序；
2. 再考虑时态。一般情况下， 宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致， 但是， 如果从句 有明显的时间状语， 要根据时间状语来判断 时态；
3. 最后再根据答语来判断引导词。what(提问内容)、when/what time(提问时间)、where(提问地点)、why(提问原因)、how(提问方式)等。
高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词
①宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如：
We believe(that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。
②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如：
I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。
Sorry，I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。
③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：
Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。
构成规则及用法 例句
引 导 词 that 本身无意义，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略。 He said (that) he would go to the seaside. 他说他要去海边。
引 导 词 what/which/who/whose/whom等 在从句中作一定的成分，如：作主语、宾语、定语等 I don’t know what they are going to do. 我不知道他们将要干什么。
when/where/why/how等 在从句中作状语。 Please tell me how you go to school. 请告诉我你是怎样去上学的。
引 导 词 if/whether 表示“是否”，不作句子成分，不能省略。 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher.
他问我高小姐是否是一位老师。
语 序 宾语从句的语序一 律使用陈述句语序 Do you know where
Tom lives？你知道
汤姆住在哪儿吗？
【例1】—I'm waiting for the mail.Do you know ________ it will arrive
—Usually it comes by 4：00 p．m.(2015，青岛)
A．how B．where C．when D．what
解析：how意为“怎样”；where意为“在哪里”；when意为“什么时候”；what意为“什么”。从句子结构看，空格所在句是含宾语从句的复合句，此处缺少引导词，由答句句意“通常在下午4点之前来。”可推知，问句句意为“你知道它什么时候到吗？”。
答案：__C__
【例2】 —Do you know ________ Dengchao is
—He is an actor.He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.(2015，连云港)
A．which B．when C．what D．how
解析：which“哪一个，哪一些”，询问人或物；when“什么时候”，询问时间；what“什么”，询问事物或职业；how“怎样；怎么”，询问方式或感受等。由答语He is an actor.可知问句询问的是职业。
答案：__C__
高频考向二 宾语从句的时态
宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：
①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：
He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。
②主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如：
She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。
③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：
He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。
主句的时态 从句的时态 条件 例句
现在的某种 时态 可用所需的任 何时态 “John speaks highly of you.”Tom tells me.
→Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me.汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells，是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks，在这里还是用speaks)
一 般 过 去 时 一般过去时、 过去进行时 主从句的动作同时发生 “When shall we have the meeting ”The boy asked.
→The boy asked when they should have the meeting.
男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。
(主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shall→should)
过去将来时 从句动作发生在主句动作之后
过去完成时 从句动作发生在主句动作之前
一般过去时
虽然从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，但含有某一具体时间状语
一般现在时 不受时间限制的客观事实、真理等
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth.老师说月球绕着地球转。
【例3】 —Could you tell me ________ the Space Museum
—Sure，next Monday.
A．when we visited B．when did we visit
C．when we will visit D．when will we visit
解析：由答语next Monday(下周一)可知，宾语从句应用一般将来时态，故排除A、B两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
答案：__C__
【例4】 —Can you tell me ________ the prize，Tom
—Last year.
A．when you got B．when did you get
C．when will you get D．when you will get
解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。
答案：__A__
高频考向三 宾语从句的语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如：
I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。
注意：①有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：
What's wrong with...
Which is the way to...
What happened to you...
What's the matter/trouble...
Who studies the hardest in your class
②do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：
Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？
由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：
“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.
→The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。
如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：
“Will you be free tomorrow？”She asked me.
→She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。
【例5】 —Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.
—Thanks.I wonder ________.
A．who the letter was from
B．who was from the letter
C．who was the letter from
D．who from the letter was
解析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信。”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。”
答案：__A__
【例6】 —Can you tell me ________ this morning
—Sorry，I've no idea.
A．why didn't Daming come to school
B．why Daming didn't come to school
C．why doesn't Daming come to school
D．why Daming doesn't come to school
解析：由this morning可知事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。
答案：__B__
高频考向四 宾语从句的否定前移
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：
I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。
【注意】如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：
She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。
【例7】 翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。
答案：I_don't_think_(that)_it_will_rain_tomorrow.
高频考向五 宾语从句的转化
①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish，decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：
I hope that I can see you again.
＝I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。
②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
I don't know what I should say.
＝I don't know what to say.我不知道该说什么。
③当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn't draw on the wall.
＝Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。
Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps
＝Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？
④有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如：
I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.
＝I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.
I find she is a good girl.＝I find her a good girl.
⑤由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如：
We did what we could to help you.
＝We did everything (that) we could to help you.
Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.
＝Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did.
【例8】 将下列句子改为简单句。
The teacher told the boy he shouldn't spend too much time playing games.
解析：主句的谓语动词是tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间接宾语，故从句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb. not to do sth.。
答案：The_teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_playing_games.
知识拓展
if的“两面性”
if有两个意思，作“是否”讲时，引导宾语从句，同whether,从句时态有不同选择；作“假如”时，引导条件状语从句，若主句为一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。而中考中常常把这两种用法混合到有空进行考查。
I don't know if(是否) he will come.If(如果) he comes, I will tell him about the accident. 我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话，我将告诉他这起事故。
知识拓展
when的“两面性”
when引导时间状语从句时，意为“当......时候”，若主句为一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时；也可引导宾语从句，根据主句时态确定从句时态。
I don't know when he will come tomorrow. When he comes, I will tell him about the news.
我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
突破方法
方法一 带入法
初中阶段对宾语从句的考查，有连词的选择。要选出合适的引导词，主要是弄清题意，使用带入法加以判断。
--- Do you know ____ Deng Chao is
--- He is an actor. He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now. （2015 连云港）
A. which B. when C. what D. how
【解析】 句意：---你知道邓超是干什么的吗？---他是一名演员。现在在很火的电视真人秀《奔跑吧兄弟》中他是队长。 考查宾语从句的引导词。把每个选项带入，并根据句意可知，此处询问职业，故选C.
突破方法
方法二 逐步排除法
现在对宾语从句的考查越来越集中在对时态，语序和引导词的综合考查方面，此时，进行逐步排除法就很有必要。
(2015·天津) --- Do you know ____
--- For a month.
A. how long will he be away B. how long he will be away
C. how often will he go there D. how often he will go there
【解析】根据回答可知应用how long提问，初步排除C, D;然后根据宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除A。故答案是B。
专题训练
宾语从句
(训练时间：20分钟 分值：40分)
小试牛刀
1. —Let’s send him home. Do you know______？
—I have no idea.
A. where does he live
B. where he lives
C. he lives where
B
2. —Mum, can you tell me ______？ I miss him very much.
—Next week.
A. when will my brother come back
B. my brother will come back when
C. when my brother will come back
C
3. The police wondered ______.
A. whose handbag it was
B. whose handbag was it
C. whose handbag it is
A
4. —Can you tell me ______ to London
—Sure. Next month.
A. when you will travel
B. when will you travel
C. when you traveled
A
5. Could you tell me ______ a moment ago
A. what were they talking about
B. what are they talking about
C. what they were talking about
C
6. —I’d like to know ______.
—Maybe in the forest.
A. when we will go camping
B. where we will go camping
C. whether will we go camping
B
7. My deskmate asked me ______ next weekend.
A. when I would go to the zoo
B. whom I would play tennis with
C. how did I get home that evening
B
8. —Could you tell me _____？
—At 9：40 this Sunday.
A. when will you leave
B. where you will leave for
C. what time you will leave
C
9. —Could you tell me ______？
—They are talking about festivals.
A. how they are playing
B. what they are doing
C. where they are going
B
10. —Excuse me. Do you know ______？
—Well, go along this street and turn right. There’s one on the left.
A. how can I get to the bank
B. where I can find a restaurant
C. when he usually gets to work
B
自我挑战
1.Our geography teacher told us that the earth the sun.
A. went around B. goes around
C. is going around D. was going around
B
句意：我们地理老师曾告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。宾语从句的时态通常是：主句（过去时），从句（过去时），客观事实除外，只能用一般现在时；主句（现在时），从句（任意时态）。根据从句地球绕太阳转是客观事实，故用一般现在时，故选B。
2. —I am worried about _________.
—Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.
A. how have I prepared for my final exams
B. if I can get great grades in the final exams
C. that my school team lost the game because of my fault
D. why did my school team lose the game
B 考查宾语从句。句意：—我担心___________。—无论结果如何，都不要对自己太苛刻。A.我怎样为期末考试做准备；B.是否我能在期末考试中取得好成绩； C. 我的校队因为我的失误而输了比赛；D. 为什么我的校队输了比赛。宾语从句应该是陈述语序，A和D都是疑问语序，首先排除；C选项中结果已经出来，这与答语中“无论结果如何”是矛盾的，故选B。
3. There were many people over there. He asked _________.
A. what happened
B. what was happened
C. what did happen
A 考查宾语从句。句意：那边有很多人。他问_______。
宾语从句用陈述语序，排出C选项；B选项表示被动，
不合句意。
故选A。
4. —Could you tell me ________ every morning
—Sure. I have to catch the school bus.
A. why you get up early
B. why do you get up early
C. why did you get up early
D. why you got up early
A 考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，排除B、C；Could you tell… 是一种委婉的表达法，从every morning及答语知，谈话双方说的是现在的事情，因此本宾语从句应是一般现在时态。故选A。
5. — I wonder _____.
—It’s about an unusual experience of a little girl.
A. who wrote the book
B. what the book is about
C. how I can get the book
B 考查宾语从句。句意：—我想知道这本书是关于什么的。—它是关于一个小女孩的不寻常经历。A.谁写的这本书；B.这本书关于什么；C.我怎么能得到这本书。根据答句的句意理解可知此处询问“这本书的内容”，故选B。
6. —Could you tell me ______ at this time last weekend
—I was studying for the exams.
A. What you were doing
B. What were you doing
C. How were you doing
D. How you were doing
A 考查宾语从句。句意：——你能告诉我上周末这个时候在干什么吗？——我当时在为准备考试而学习。宾语从句要用陈述语序，故排除B/C两项；由答语：我在为考试学习。所以引导词用what。故选A。
7. –Does anybody want to share _______ on Father’s Day
– I bought a tie for my father. He loves it.
A. what you did
B. where you went
C. when you shopped
A 考查宾语从句。句意：—有人想要分享______在父亲节？—我为爸爸买了一条领带。他喜欢它。A. what you did你所做的事情；B. where you went你所去的地方； C. when you shopped你购物的时间。答语“我为爸爸买领带”是我在父亲节为爸爸所做的事情，而不是地点、时间，故选A。
8. —Is there anything else you want to know about China
—Yes, I am still wondering _______.
A. how the Chinese paper cutting made
B. why the Chinese people like playing the dragon dance
C. how was the Great Wall built in ancient time
D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival
B 考查宾语从句。英语宾语从句中一般为陈述语序。How如何，怎样；why为什么。根据上文，句意：——关于中国，你还有其它要知道的事情吗？——是的，我还想知道……。选项A应该用被动语态how the Chinese paper cutting is made; CD都是疑问句语序错误，故选B，我想知道为什么中国人喜欢舞龙。
9. — Your head teacher has set up a Wechat group. Could you tell _____
— It is more convenient to communicate with our parents.
A. when it was set up
B. why did he set up
C. what it is used for
D. how did he set up
C考查宾语从句。句意：——你的校长已经建立了一个微信群。你能告诉我它是用于做什么吗？——这是与父母交流更方便。因为宾语从句语序应为陈述语序，所以答案排除B和D；又因为答语讲述的是微信的用途，所以答案C适合题意。
10. —It’s so careless of you to make a spelling mistake again.
—Sorry. I couldn’t remember ________.
A. when I learnt the word
B. if I have learnt the word
C. where should I put the silent “t”
D. in which class did you teach the word
A 考查宾语从句。句意：——你又犯拼写错误真是粗心。——对不起。我记不得我什么时候学过这个词了。根据宾语从句的从句用陈述句语序，可知C和D不正确；when I learnt the word我什么时候学过这个词；if I have learnt the word我是否学过这个词。如果没学过这个词，拼错了是正常的。故选A。
11. —Could you tell me________
—Size M.
A. what time it is
B. what color it is
C. what shape it is
D. what size it is
D 考查日常交际用语 句意：——能告诉我多大尺寸吗？——M码。根据答语Size M。可知是询问多大尺寸，用size表示“大小；尺寸”。故选D。
12.—Look at the man in blue! Do you know _______
—Oh, he is a policeman.
A. what does he do
B. what he does
C. how he does
B考查宾语从句。句意：—看身着蓝色衣服的那个人！你知道_______吗？—哦，他是一名警察。空白处为宾语从句，语序应为陈诉语序，故排除A项；C项不符合语境。故选B项。
13.— Could you tell me _________ yesterday
—Because it rained heavily.
A. why you arrived late
B. why did you arrive late
C. why you didn’t arrive late
A 考查宾语从句。句意为：—你可以告诉我_______昨天？—因为雨下的很大。宾语从句考试陈述语序。B是疑问语序，故排除。根据答语“雨下的大”可推出是“来晚了”。故选A。
14. —Do you know
—It’s about two kilometers.
A. how long does it take to finish the work
B. how far it is from his home to school
C. how long it takes to finish the work
D. how far is it from home to school
B 考查宾语从句。句意为：—你知道______ —大约2公里。宾语从句的语序要保持陈述语序，排除A和D；由答语可知询问的是“路程、距离”，故选B。
15.—What did Tom say to you just now, John
—He asked _______.
A. why I am so happy today
B. what will I do for the weekend
C. who did I play football with after school
D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight
D考查宾语从句。句意为：约翰，刚才汤姆对你说了什么？—他问_____。宾语从句要保持陈述语序，排除B和C；由主句中的asked可推知：从句要用过去相对应时态，排除A，故选D。
16. They solved the problem in the end. Yet I really don’t know _____.
A. how did they make it
B. how they made it
C. why did they make it
B. 考查宾语从句的用法 句意：他们最后解决了问题。然而我真不知道他们是怎么做到的。A how did they make it是疑问语序；B how they made it是陈述语序；C why did they make it是疑问语序。宾语从句要用陈述语序，故选B.
17. I don’t know _____ he will come or not this afternoon.
A. if
B. when
C. whether
C考查宾语从句中连词辨析。句意：我不知道今天下午他是来还是不来。if 是否；when什么时候；whether是否，常与or not连用，句中含有or not, 故选C。
18. —Do you know ____ in class —Sorry, I didn’t go to school, either.
A. what he said
B. what did he say
C. what he says
A 考查宾语从句。句意：你知道他在课上说了什么？对不起，我也没上学。宾语从句应使用陈述句的语序，故排除选项B；根据答语为一般过去时态，故选A。
19. —Excuse me. Could you please tell me _____ change some money, please
— Of course. Walk along the street to the end and you can find a bank.
A. where I can B. where can I
C. where I was able to D. where was I able to
A 考查宾语从句。句意；——打扰一下。你能告诉我哪里可以换零钱吗？——当然，沿着这条路走，在尽头你就能找到一家银行。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，首先排除B和D项，此题Could you please …为有礼貌的请求句型，不是过去时，排除C项，故选A。
20. —Could you please tell me _______
—In a village in Guilin.
A. when were you born B. when you were born
C. where you were born D. where were you born
C 考查宾语从句。句意：——你能告诉我你出生在哪里吗？——在桂林的一个村子里。本句是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述句语序；由答语“In a village in Guilin.”可知应用where询问。故选C。
21. —Could you tell me _______
—Every four years. The 24th will take place in China in 2022.
A. how long the Winter Olympic Games last
B. how long do the Winter Olympic Games last
C. how often are the Winter Olympic Games held
D. how often the Winter Olympic Games are held
D 考查宾语从句的用法。句意：——你能告诉我_______？——每4年一次。第24届将在2022年的中国举办。根据答语“每4年一次。”可知，上句提问的是频率，故要用how often；排除答案A和B项；又宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故选D。
22.—Li Mei, do you know_________
—Well, she likes the Voice of China.
A. what TV show does your English teacher like
B. what TV show your English teacher likes
C. what TV show did your English teacher like D. what TV show your English teacher liked
B 考查宾语从句。句意：——李雷，你知道你的英语老师喜欢什么电视节目吗？ ——哦，她喜欢《中国好声音》。由于复合句的主句用的是一般现在时，因此在宾语从句中也需要用一般现在时，故排除C、D两项，并且宾语从句中的语序要用陈述语序A项是疑问语序，只有B项正确。故选B。
23. —I haven’t seen your English teacher for a week. Where is he
—Sorry, I don’t know _____.
A. where has he been B.where he has been
C.where has he gone D. where he has gone
D 考查宾语从句。宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，时态要与主句保持一致。即主现从不限，主过从也过。故选D。
24. —Would you like to tell me ______
—Sure. Practice makes perfect.
A. how can I learn English better
B. how I can learn English better
C. why can I lean English better
D. why I can learn English better
B 考查宾语从句辨析。句意：——你想告诉我 ______？——当然。熟能生巧。根据Would you like to tell me可以知道后面跟宾语从句，由宾语从句的三要素：时态、语序(陈述语序)、引导词可知，排除A、C两个选项；由下文的Sure. Practice makes perfect.可知“我如何能更好地学习英语”排除选项D。故选B。
26. —What did the teacher say to you
—He asked me ________.
A. why I look unhappy then
B. when did I go home last night
C. how could I solve the problem
D. if I had got everything ready
D 考查宾语从句的用法。句意：—老师对你说了些什么？—他问我我是否准备好了一切。A项：那时候我为什么看上去很不高兴；B项：昨晚我什么时候回的家；C项：我能怎样解决这个问题；D项：我是否准备好了一切。本句是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述句语序，可排除B、C项；由主句的谓语动词asked可知宾语从句中应用相应的过去时态，可排除A项。故选D。
27. My neighbor asked me ______ I heard the big noise last night or not.
A. whether B. if C. what
A 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：我的邻居问我昨晚是否听到巨大的噪音。根据whether引导宾语从句，和or not连用。故选A。
