初中定语从句复习（精品） 课件

课件80张PPT。定语从句(Attributive clause)The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersWhich baby is Jack?Jack穿红裤子的baby是Jack。Which house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy houseI like books.The books are about animals.I like books are aboutanimals.thatI like moviesThe movies are about aliens.I like movies are aboutaliens.thatI have a mobile phone.The mobile phone can play music.I have a mobile phonethat can play music.I like going to the park.The park is near my house.I like going to the park that is nearmy house.SummaryI have books that are about animals.I want to go to the park that is near my house.The Attributive Clause（定语从句）： booksthe park我有关于动物的故事书。areis我想要去离我家近的公园。Thingsthat 什么是定语从句呢？答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
The man who lives next to us is a worker。

先行词______________________ 关系词___ 定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, whenMary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
the machinea machineDo activity 2Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
a machinethat /which
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.

The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
herThe girl
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl that / who we saw yesterday is Mary.
1. The man is a farmer.2. The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子: The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.that, which, who, whom, whosewhere, when，why2. 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。通常位于定
语从句之前。
4.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词关系副词作用A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；
C、在定语从句中担当一个成分?关系词通常有下列三个作用：
A、___________； B、_____________；
C、________________________。
The?man?who?is?shaking?hands?with?my?father?
is?a?policeman.? 定语从句先行词关系词“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the?man，在定语从句中作主语。引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分三、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who指人，在从句中做主语
1)The boys ____are playing soccer are from Class 1.
2)Yesterday I helped an old man ____lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和
非正式语体中常用who代替，常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person _____________you
talked about.
2) The man ______________you met just now
is my friend.(whom/who) who/whomwhowho3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，
做宾语时可省略
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；
指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
1) The people __________come to visit the city are
all here. (做主语)
2) Where is the man __________________I saw
this morning? (做宾语)做主语做宾语that/whothat/whom/who小结：
that:既可指人,也可指物. 作主语, 不能省略；
作宾语, 可以省略。
which:指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略.
who－ 指人，作主语，不能省略；
作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）
注: 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句
的谓语动词形式由先行词定.
1)I’m reading a book that/which __about Bill Gates.
2) He is a teacher who/ that________ us Chinese.
3)The boys who ___playing soccer are from Class 1. 5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend _______father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house_______ roof has fallen in.
我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。is teachesarewhose whose四. 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分
(一)不用that的情况
1. 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
1)The tree, that is four hundred years old,
is very famous here. (___)
2)The tree, which is four hundred years old,
is very famous here. (____)
2. 介词后不能用。
1) We depend on the land from ______we get
our food.
2) We depend on the land _____________we get
our food from. 错对whichthat/which(二) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
1.当先行词是everything,?anything,?nothing?
(something?外),?all,?none,?few,?little,?some 等不定
代词时，或当先行词受every,?any,?all,?some,
?no,?little,?few,?much等代词修饰时。如：1)Have?you?taken?down?everything?___?Mr.?Li?said??
?李老师讲的你都记下来吗？2) All?____?can?be?done?has?been?done.??
所有能做的都做好了。3) There?is?little?_____I?can?do?for?you.??
我不能为你干什么。thatthatthat?注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代who，如：1) Any?man?__________?has?a?sense?of?duty?won’t
?do such?a?thing.??
任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。2)All?the?guests___________?were?invited?to?her
?wedding?were?important?people.??
所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。that?/?who?that?/?who2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The?first?place?______?they?visited?in?London?was?
the?Big?Ben.??
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This?is?the?best?film______?I?have?ever?seen.??
这是我看过的最好的电影。that?that4．当先行词被the?very,?the?only , the last修饰时。1)This?is?the?very?dictionary?_____?I?want?to?buy.?
?这正是我要买的词典。2)After?the?fire?in?his?house,?the?old?car?is?the?only
?thing?_____?he?owns.??家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。Wang?Hua?is?the?only?person?in?our?school?______?will?attend?the?meeting.??王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。thatthatwho5．当先行词前面有who,?which等疑问代词时。如：1)Who?is?the?man_____?is?standing?by?the?gate???
站在门口的那个人是谁？2)Which?is?the?T-shirt?______?fits?me?most???
哪件T恤衫最合我的身？
6．当先行词为人与物时。如： 1)They?talked?about?the?persons?and?things?
________?they?remembered?at?school??
他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。2)Look?at?the?man?and?his?donkey?______?are
?walking?up?the?street.　
瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的?毛驴。　?thatthatthatthatExercise1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.who/that3. The man ______ leg broke in a
match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the
new dress __________ I gave her.which/thatwhose4. My parents live in a house__________
is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _______ John spoke is
my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book __________
is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town.8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _____ stands up is a
little boy.thatthatthat句子翻译1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐. I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.
Say all ________ you know.
Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _____is standing under the tree?
7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，或中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatwhere指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来
表示地点的定语从句。
1) Shanghai is the city _______I was born.
=> Shanghai is the city _______was born in.
2) The house _______I lived ten years ago has been
pulled down.
The house_______ I lived in ten years ago
has been pulled down.五、关系副词引导定语从句
关系副词：where, when, why在句中作状语。wherewhichwhere which2. when引导定语从句表示时间,在定语从句中做时间状语 也可做连接词用 .
I still remember the day _____I first came to the
school.
2) The time ______we got together finally came.
3. why指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason ______you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason ________he looks unhappy today.
whenwhenwhywhy六. 关系副词when, where和
关系代词that, which的区分
同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which。
这主要看两点：
一是定语从句是否完整；
二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子：
1)This is the park______ we visited last year.
2)This is the park ______we held a birthday party.
3)She won’t forget the days _____she spent on the
island.
4)She won’t forget the days_______ they stayed
together.
5)That’s the date _______we went to the college.
6)That’s the date _____she won’t forget for ever.
7)I like the time ______we lived together.
8)I like the time ______we had together. thatwherethat whenwhenthatwhenthat介词+关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city which she lives is far away.toin介词+关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city that/which she lives is far away.介词+关系代词的情况 2toinAre these two sentences right?The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toin介词+关系代词的情况 2Are these two sentences right?The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toin介词+关系代词的情况 2Are these two sentences right?toinThe man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city that/which she lives is far away.Are these two sentences right?介词+关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.
The city that/which she lives is far away.toin× × 可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后 介词+关系代词的情况 2Are these two sentences right?1.? Do you like the book she spent $10?
2.? Do you like the book she paid $10?
3.? Do you like the book she learned a lot?
4.? Do you like the book she often talks?
5.? He built a telescope he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.
7.? China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _________
is the Yellow River.
8. The tower ___________ people can have a good view
is on the hill.
9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night
is very good at wrestling.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,
most ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which介词+关系代词的情况练习2. 关系副词when, where, why 和“介词+which”
之间的关系。
关系副词when, where, why可以用“适当的介词+which”来替代。
如：when=in/on/at…+which,
where=in/on/at…+which,
why=for+which
介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。(1) The reason _______________he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year ________________he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3)This is the room ____________________I lived. = This is the room __________I lived in.
(4)Tom still remembers the days ______________　they lived in Tianjin.Why( )when ( )where ( )in whichin whichfor whichwhichwhen (　　　　)in which注意：
1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副when ,where和why 互换。
1) This is the house _________I lived two years ago. =>This is the house where I lived two years ago.
2) Do you remember the day ＿＿＿＿＿you joined
our club?
=>Do you remember the day when you joined our
club?
3) This is the reason why he came late.
=>This is the reason ____________he came late. in whichon whichfor whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded.
which B. when C. that D. on that
2.Is that the reason _____ you are for the plan.
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
3. Is this the place ______ you were born?
A. which B.where C.what D.that
1. Is this the place ______ you were born?
A. which B.where C.what D.that
2. Is this the place ______ some German friends visited last year?
A. which B.where C.what D. why
3.The house _______ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.
A. which B.where C.what D.that
4.The house _______ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.
A. that B.where C.what D. why5.He told her the reason____ he is unhappy, but she doesn’t believe the reason ______ he gives her.
A. why; why
B. why; which
C. that; why
D. which; why一.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative
pronouns and adverbs..
1. This is the only book ____ I got last year.
2. Is this the book in ______ you are interested?
3. This is the largest animal ____ Tom saw in the zoo.
4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers____ exist (存在)in the mother school.
5. All the desks ____ are bought look really
wonderful.thatwhichthatthatthat6. Do you have any money ____is used to build the
factory?
7. Tom has a toy, ______ was given by his father.
8. This is the second watch ____ my father bought
for me.
9. Is this the room ____ you cleaned last time?
10. Is this the room ______ we lived before?
11. This is the garden _____ they stayed for a night.thatwhichthatthatwhichwherewhere12. This is the garden ____ they visited last time.
13. Tom has forgotten the day ____ he left his home.
14. Tom has forgotten the day ____ I told him last day.
15. She still remembers the year ____ she found her first job.
16. She still remembers the year ____ she spent in Jining.thatthatwhenthatwhenFill in the blanks with the suitable relative pronouns or the relative adverbs.
1. Is this the room _____ we spent our childhood?
2. This dictionary is the second one _____ I bought in the shop.
3. I still remember the date _____ I went to Nanjing for the first time.
4. Tom is thinking about the grass and the persons ____ he saw in the yard.
5. There are 100 old men in the street, some of
____ are drinking tea.
wherethatthatwhenwhom6. Do you know the days _____ you spent on English?
7. All the books ____are on the shelf belong to Mary.
8. Are you satisfied with the park ____ you visited last time?
9. ______ we all know, the building will soon be destroyed.
10. I have the same book _____ she has.thatthatthatWhichthat1. My brother likes jackets.
These jackets are unusual.

2. The man is a music teacher.
He can write his own lyrics.
The man who can write his own lyrics is a music teacher. My brother likes jackets that are unusual. 把下列各题中的两句话合并为含有定语
从句的复合句。3. Mark is a history teacher.
He is good at playing ping-pong.

4. My grandfather doesn’t like these songs.
These songs are too long.

5. That woman is my aunt.
The woman is looking for her key.Mark who is good at playing ping-pong is a history teacher.My grandfather doesn’t like songs that are too long. That woman who is looking for her key is my aunt.Match the two sentences
1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.
_______________________________________
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.
_______________________________________
3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.
____________________________________
4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week.
_______________________________________ I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I don’t like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?1.The person _________ you should write to is Mr Ball .
2. The teacher from ________ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu .
3. The runner ____________ you are asking about is over there .
4 .The girl ____________ you are looking for is in the classroom .
5. The meeting _________ we shall take part in will be held
in a hotel .
6. The factory __________ I worked in for over two years
has been closed .
7. The airport ________ is 30 kilometres away is the only one in
the city
8. The person ________ won the race was a woman from Sichuan .whowhomwho/whomwho/whomthatwhichthatwhoExercise 1 :用关系代词填空The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.
Say all ________ you know.
Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?
7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat The house that they built it in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
I will never forget the poor boy who have no arms.
We have done everything which can be done .
He is the only man who I know in the city .
I have been to the park which there are a lot of flowers .
The park where the old people usually go to is called Zhongshan park .
Jim asked that who won .
Look ! The tree where Jack is climbing is quite tall .
改错 （在学习定语从句时常会出现以下的错句）1.I’ll remember the day _____ I spent with my friend.
2.I’ll remember the day __________ I was born.
3. I’ll remember the day _________ is special to me.
4.This is the place _________is quiet and beautiful.
5.This is the place ______________I like very much.
6. This is the place ____________ I worked for one year.
7. That’s the reason _____________he told us.
8. That’s the reason __________ he came late for class.用正确的关系词填空。that / which/ ?on which/ whenthat / whichthat / whichthat / which/ ?in which/ wherethat / which/ ?for which/ whyThank you!Bye-bye