中考状语从句专练

中考状语从句
状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。
状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。
状语从句的时态特点:
一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，
一、状语从句的用法
1． 时间状语从句
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
（1） 由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。　
【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。
While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。
例如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)
As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。
As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
（2）由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。
（3）由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。
（4）由since引导的时间状语从句。 since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：
(5）由as soon as引导的时间状语从句。表示“一……就”。
2． 地点状语从句
常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
句型1：Where＋地点从句
句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句＋主句。
Go where you like
3、原因状语从句
常用引导词：because, since, as, since
Because,as,since 的区别：
　　Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如：
　　Water is very important because we can't live without it.
　　He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill.
　　I'll do it for you since you are busy.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4． 目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that
5． 结果状语 从句常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that,
so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。
区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。
such…that, so…that, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：
such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：
　　1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that…This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.
　　2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+that ……It was such good books that they sell well
　　3) such +形容词+不可数名词+that……。如：It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home
　　He is such a lovely boy that we all like him. =He is so lovely a boy that we all like him
　　注：在"形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词"结构中，当名词前有many, much, few, little表示数量的多少 时，名词前用so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didn't pass the exam.
　　6． 条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless, as long as, in case
What shall we do if it snows tomorrow
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.
“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
7． 让步状语从句
常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though(
(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：
Though he is young, he knows a lot.
Although I am tired, I must go on working.
(2)although(though)和but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：
我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.
8． 比较状语从句
常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。例如：
Tom runs faster than John does.
This classroom is as big as that one.
9． 方式状语从句
常用引导词：as, as if, how, like, the way
Do it like that .
10. 状语从句的简化
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：
二 .练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！
一. 单项填空
1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So
2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us ---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow
A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be
3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him.
A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping
4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was young.
A. what B. which C. where D. who
5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow.
A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming
6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.
A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after
7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.
A. when B. that C. until D. because
8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was
9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make.
A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less
10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while
11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions.
A. which B. that C. where D. though
13. The teacher raised his voice _____all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order
14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since
15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk.
A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day
16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very
17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if
18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As
19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.
A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment
20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got
二.选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子
　　1.Jim spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich.
　　2.Kate fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music.
　　3.----Is David at school today ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold.
4.We won't have supper ______my mother comes back.
　　5.Speak to him slowly ______he may understand you better.
　　6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself.
　　7.It is four years ______I had left that small village.
　　8. ______the air moves, it is called wind.
　　9.We will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow.
　　10.______little boys did ______much work.
　　11.There are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it.
　　12.Go back ______you come from.
　　13.He reached the station ______the train had left.
　　14.----Do you have a swimming pool ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours.
　　15.Give me your paper ______you have finished it.
　　16.It is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home.
　　17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam.
　　18.Look after te children ______I am out.
　　19.The village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot.
20.That is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it.
三. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子
1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。
I am not angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______ on me.
2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当作母亲。
Mrs. Bruce was _______ kind to her students ______ they ______ her _____ their mother.
3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。
Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our best.
4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？
Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to Shanghai.
5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano ______ ______ ______ she has kept practicing for two years.
6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。
_______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by herself.
7. 他长大后相当一名记者。
He wants to be a journalist ______ _______ _______ _______.
8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。
_______ _______ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.
9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。
______ ______ ______ _____ ______to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。
Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______.
一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B
二: 1.though 2.while 3.because 4.until 5. so that 6.Even if 7.since 8.when 9.if 10.Such, do
　　 11.but 12.where 13.before 14.as(so), as 15.after 16.so 17.unless 18.while 19.so, that 20.such, that
三. 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up 8.Whether it’s 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill