情态动词总复习

课件33张PPT。情态动词
Guandao Middle School:lu Cuisong2010.2.20湖北省咸宁市通城县关刀中学：卢翠松情态动词
一．情态动词的语法特征
情态动词本身虽有词义，但只表示说话人
的看法，命令，准许等；不能单独作谓语，
须与实义动词构成谓语
1情态动词 除ought to，have to， used
to外，其它情态动词后面只能接不带to
的不定式。
2情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态
动词第三人称单数不加-s。 二. 一些容易混淆的用法
1. 比较can 和be able to
can/could 表示能力(born ability,
learned ability),
只用于现在式和过去式(could)。
could不表示时态时表提出委婉的请求,
回答中不用could
--- Could I have the television on?
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.
表示经过努力或在一定条件下设法成功地
做了某事时，而非能力，只能用was/were
able to， 不能用could。=managed to
do sth./ succeeded in doing sth.
He was able to flee Europe before the
war broke out.
2. 比较have to和must have to有人称、
数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。
have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说
话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。
My brother was very ill, so I _____
call the doctor in the middle of the
night.　
I want to take more exercise, so I
______ walk to school every day.
must 问句的回答
e.g. Must I wait until they come?
---Yes, you must.
---No, you needn’t.
/ don’t have to/ don’t need to had tomust在否定结构中： don’t have to　 表示
“不必” mustn’t表示“禁止， 不允许”，
带有很强的语气
e.g. You don't have to tell him about it.　
3 can/could 和 may/might . can和 may
都可表示请求，或给与 许可。
Can 语气一般，could/may 比较礼貌，
常用。对于can/could的回答,一般是
can/can’t,不可用could，而对may的回答
，则是may/may not。
----Could I use your legtop?
----Yes, of course you can./
Sorry, I am afraid you can’t .
---May I leave the classroom?
-Yes, you may No, you mustn’t
/you may not/ you don’t have to.
4. ought to , should 表示义务，责任,
都为“应该”，可用于各种人称。表示要求，
命令时，语气由 should（应该）、
had better最好）、must（必须）
渐强。 ---Ought he to go?
---Yes. I think he ought to. 5. shall, will shall 用于疑问句，第一，三人称，表示愿意效劳以征求同意，或提出建议征询意见。
Shall I carry the luggage for you, Miss Li?
用于第二，三人称陈述句中，可表示说话人给对方的命令，承诺，警告或恐吓等。
Nothing shall stop us from doing good.
will 表示主语的愿意, 决心, 承诺. If you will listen to me, I will help you.
will表示物体的属性,或人或动物的习性.
Oil will float on water.
Fish will die out of water.
6 used to ／ would
1)都可表示过去习惯，但used to强调过去
经常或习惯于做某事，但现在已不做了，
强调与现在的对比，而 would 单纯就表示
过去的习惯行为
Pollution is still a problem, but it _______
be worse. used toSometimes she ______bring me some
small presents when she was in a
good mood.
2.used to 的否定形式是usedn’t to do
/ didn’t use to do
There used to be a tall tree here,
______________/_______________?
三. 情态动词can, could, may, might,
must表示推测的用法 其用法如下：wouldusedn’t there didn’t there
Can / could 用于疑问句表示猜测，
可能,could 一般不表示时态，只表达委婉
语气. can’t / couldn’t 表示不可能;
couldn’t 一般不表示时态，
只表达委婉语气. 但在过去时态的宾语
从句只能用couldn’t.
I believe him. He can’t be such an
irresponsible man.
I thought you couldn’t have met her
yesterday. 2.may/might may/might用于肯定句，
表示没有把握的推测； might 表示推测时，
不表示时态, 只是可能性比may 小, 但在过去
时态的宾语从句只能用might.
He might be at home.
Philip may (might) have been hurt
seriously in the car accident.
3 must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，
意为"一定"。
You have worked hard all day.
You must be tired.　
4. 这些表示推测的情态动词使用时的时态构成
（1）情态动词+动词原形。表示对现在或将
来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。
I don't know where she is, she may be
in Wuhan.
（2）情态动词+动词现在进行时.表示对正
在进行的情况进行推测At this moment,our
teacher must be correcting our exam
papers.
（3）情态动词+动词完成时。表示对过去情
况的推测The road is wet. It must have
rained last night (4) 情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时.表示对
过去正在发生事情或一个完成进行的动作
的推测.Your mother must have been
looking for you.
四.特殊用法
1 need作实义动词He needs to take a rest.
He needs some time to think it over.
The recorder needs repairing/
to be repaired
needn’t have done sth　
本没必要做某事,但实际做了。
I dressed very warmly, but I needn't have
done so. The weather was hot.
2 may 放在句首，表示祝愿。
May the world be full of love.
May God bless you!
3 can 的惯用语 can but do …只好
We can but do our best. 我们只好尽全力了
cannot( choose / help) but do 不得不
I can’t help but admire your courage. can’t help doing不禁
I can’t help liking her though
she can be annoying sometimes.
can’t …too 无论…也不过分,越…越好
We can’t be too careful while driving.
as…as one can =as…as possible
Exercises:
Sorry I`m late . I ____ have turned off
the alarm clock and gone back to sleep
again.
A. might B. should C. can D. will
2. My sister met him at the Grand Theater
yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your
lecture.A. couldn`t have attended
B. needn`t have attended
C.mustn`t have attended
D. shouldn`t have attendedAA3. Jack ____ yet , otherwise he would
have telephoned me.
A.musn`t have arrived
B. shouldn`t have arrived
C. can`t have arrived
D. need not have arrived
4. I was really anxious about you . You
_____ home without a word .
A. mustn`t leave B. shouldn`t have left
C. couldn`t have left D. needn`t leaveCB
5. I told Sally how to get here, but
perhaps I ____ for her.
had to write it out
B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
6. Is John coming by train ?
----He should ,but he ____ not .
He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may CD7. I hear you`ve got a set of valuable Australian
coins. _____ I have a look.
Yes , certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D .Should
8. Mr Bush is on time for everything.
How ____ it be that he was late for the
opening ceremony?
A. can B. should C. may D . must
9.---- Are you coming to Jeff`s party ?
----- I`m not sure. I ____ go to the concert
instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. mightBAD
10. I should have been there ,
but I ____ not find the time.
A. would B. could C. might D. should
11. Johnny, you ______ play with
the knife , you _____ hurt yourself.
won`t ; can`t
B. mustn`t ; may
C. shouldn`t ; must
D. can`t ; shouldn`t BB12. Will you stay for lunch ?
---- Sorry , ______. My brother is coming
to see me.A. I mustn`t
B. I can`t C. I needn`t D . I won`t
13. Could I borrow your dictionary ?
-----Yes , of course you _____.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
14. When can I come for the photos?
I need them tomorrow afternoon.
They ____ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
BCB15. The fire spread through the hotel very
quickly but everyone _____ get out.
A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to
16Shall I tell John about it ?
No, you __ .I`ve told him
needn`t B. wouldn`t
C. mustn`t D. shouldn`t
17.You must just as well tell the
manufacturer that male customers
____ not take the design of the
furniture.A. must B. shall C. may D. needDAC18. ----Isn`t that Ann`s husband over
there ?----No, it _____ be him
--- I`m sure he doesn`t wear glasses.
A. can`t B. must not C. won`t D. may not
19. Who is the girl standing over there ?
---- Well, if you ____ know,
her name is Mabel.
A.may B. can C. must D. shall
20. Children under 12 years of age in
that country____ be under adult
supervision when in public library.
A. must B. may C. can D. needACA
21. “The interest ____ be divided into
five parts,” declared the judge.
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
22. ---There were already five people in
the car but they managed to take me
as well .
-It _____a comfortable journey.
Acan`t be B.shouldn`t be
C. mustn`t have been
D. couldn`t have beenDD23. --- Is John coming by train?
---He should , but he ___ not .
He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D . may
24. I wish to go home now, ____ I ?
A. may B. can`t C. must D. do
25. He must have finished his
homework for a long Time,__ he ?
A.mustn`t B.didn`t
C.needn`t D.hasn`tDAD
26. A wise man ____ sometimes
make a mistake.
A. may B. must C. would D. can
27. ---- _____ he ____ already?
----He _____, for he is always
in good manner.
Could; have left ; can`t have left
B. Could ; have left; couldn`t have left
C. May; have left ; may not have left
D. Must ; have left ; needn`t have leftAA28. I talked for a long time, and in the
end I _____make her believe me.
A. could B. can C. must D. was able to
29. How ____ there be such a thing ?
A. may B. can C. must D. will
30. -What do you think of the food here ?
Oh, wonderful ! We __ a better place.
A.won`t find B.mustn`t have found
C.can`t find D.couldn`t have foundDBD
31. I ____ sit up all night , and that
was harmful to my health.
A.should B.used to
C.was used to D.got used to
32. There ____ an inn at the foot of
the hill.
used to be B. used to have
C. would be D . got used to having
33. He ___ have the book when I
finish reading it .
A. will B. shall C. must D .ought BAB34. It is strange that he _____ say so
A. shall B. will C. should D. ought
35. His advice ____ not be taken.
was needed B. needs
C. need D. is needed
36. Be quiet ,please , or his voice
____ be heard . A. can`t B. mustn`t
C. isn`t able to D . may not
37. Why _____ you always interrupt
me ?
A. can B. will C. may D. must
CCAD38. We _____ for her because she
never came .
needn`t wait
B. shouldn`t have waited
C. mustn`t wait
D. mustn`t have waited
39. ----Please don`t make a noise.
---- ______.I’ll be as quiet as a mouse.
Yes , I won`t B. No, I won`t
C. No , I will D. Yes , I will BB40. If he ____ listen to me , I `ll be
able to help him .
A. will B. shall C. 不填 D.should
41. If your children ____ do as I tell
you, you ____go to the party.
won`t ; shan`tB. 不填 ；will
C. don`t ; won`t D. must ; shall
42. ---Will you open the door , please
? ----______ ?
Will I what B. Shall I what
C. What shall I D. What can I
BAA43. He went on foot , but he ____ by bus .
should gone B. could have gone
C. ought have gone D. could be gone
44. Man ___ die without air or water .
A. will B. shall C. should D .would
45. He _____ you more help , even
though he was very busy .
A.might have given B. might give
C. may have given D. may give AAB