八年级(下)units 5～6
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八年级(下)Units 5～6
词汇拓展 1．organize(v．)→______(n．)组织者→______ (n.)组织2．against(prep．) →______ (反义词)3．injure(v．) →______ (adj．)受伤的4．follow(v．) →______ (adj．)下列的；下述的 5．collect(v．) →______ (n．)收藏者 →______ (n．)收藏6．write(v．) →______ (n．)作家；作者7．Europe(n．) →______ (n．)欧洲人8．foreign(adj．) →______ (n．)外国人9．certain(adj.) →______ (adv．)
重点短语 1．______a great time 玩得愉快2．let sb．______ 允许某人进入3．take ______ 拿走4．travel______the world 环游世界各地5．go to ______ 上大学6．______ a living 谋生21世纪教育网 7. ______ the time 一直8．______money for．．为……筹款9．run______ 用完；用尽10．______ the way 顺便一提，附带说说11．be ______ in 对……感兴趣12．far ______ 在远处
重点句型 1．一If you go to the party，you’ll have a great time!如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心的12．What will happen if they have the party tomorrow 如果他们明天举办宴会将会怎样 3．If you become a professional athlete，you’ll be able to make a living doing something you love．如果你变成一个职业运动员，你将能够做你喜欢做的事来谋生。4．And if you become rich，you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are．并且如果你富有了，你就难以分清谁是你真正的朋友。 5．—How long have you been skating 你溜冰多长时间了 —I’ve been skating for five hours／since nine o’clock．我一直溜冰五个小时／我自从9点就一直溜冰。6．一How long did you skate 你溜冰多长时间 —I skated for two hours．我溜了两小时。7．For a foreigner like me，the more I learn about Chinese history，the more I enjoy living in China．对于像我这样一个外国人，了解中国历史越多，我越喜欢住在中国。
重点语法 1．条件状语从句——见（三、句法部分）[状语从句]2．情态动词should的用法——见（一、词法部分）[情态动词]3．现在完成进行时——见P71[现在完成时和现在完成进行时]
Ⅰ重点单词21世纪教育网
1．against prep．反对；对……不利21世纪教育网
(1)(表反对、敌对)与……对抗，反对…；不利于……21世纪教育网(2)(表接触)碰……，撞……；倚着……；靠着……against the wall靠墙(3)(表反方向)与……逆向against the wind逆风
【提醒】
against是介词，不能单独作谓语，常与be连用。be against“反对”的反义词组为be for“赞成，支持”。
【1—1】Class 3 will play a football match ______ Class 2 tomorrow．
A．for B．against C. and D. about
【1—2 】Rain beats _______ the window．
A. to B．for C．against D．with
【1—3】(完成句子)
他逆流而游。
He ______ ______ the stream．
2．since prep．&conj。自从；自……以来
辨析since／for两词引导的短语可以表示一段时间，对其提问用how long。(1)since可作介词，后跟时间名词．也可作连词，后跟一个时间状语从句，指某动作或情况从过去某一时间一直持续到现在，主句通常用现在完成时。since还可用于It is(was)…since…的句型。(2)for后跟一段时间，指动作或情况到现在持续了多久。(3)since作连词时，还可意为“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，常置于句首。
【提醒】
(1)ever since“从那以后”，多与完成时态连用。
(2)短暂性动词的肯定式一般不能与since…，for．．．等表示一段时间的状语连用。
【2—1】[09攀枝花中考]She has studied in this school _______ she was seven years old．
A．since B．if C．until D．after
【2—2】I’ve been collecting old coins _______ ten years ago．
A．for B．about C. since
【2—3】He has lived in Beijing for two years．(对划线部分提问)
_____ _____ _____ he lived in Beijing
【2—4】(完成句子)
既然你累了，我们休息一会儿。
______ you are tired,let’s have a rest．21世纪教育网
3．raise v．筹集；筹募
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
辨拼raise／rise这两个词都有“举起，上升”的意思，但用法不同：(1)raise是及物动词，后面一定要有宾语。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。(2)rise是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。说明主语自身移向较高的位置。
【3—1】[08襄樊中考]The famous singers had a concert to r_____ money for the homeless people．
【3—2】He_____ his hand first when the teacher asked the question．
A. raise B．raised C．rise D．rose
【3—3】The river is _____ after the rain．
A. raising B. lifting C. rising
【3—4】(完成句子) 21世纪教育网
食品的价格仍在上涨。21世纪教育网
Food prices _____ still _____ ．
【3—5】(用raise和rise完成句子)
On Monday morning，we were watching the children _____ the national flag，and we saw it _____ slowly in the wind．
Ⅱ重点短语
1．take away拿走
表示把某人或某物从说话者处带到其他地方，即“从这里拿走”，与bring的意思恰恰相反。
【提醒】
take away是一个“动词+副词”结构，当其宾语为名词时，该名词置于away前后均可，而当其宾语为代词时，代词必须置于away之前。
【归纳】21世纪教育网
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【1—1】[08朝阳中考] ______ away this dirty shirt and bring me a clean one．
A. Pick B. Bring C．Carry D．Take
【1—2】I want to take ______ what I said．
A．for B．after C．back D．out
【1—3】The plane from Shanghai to Paris will ______ in an hour．
A．take up B．take away C．take out D．take off
【1—4】Please ______ the baby for me while I’m away．
A．1ook at B．1ook for C．take care of D．take up
2．run out of用完,用尽
辨析run OUt of／run out(1)run out of“用完；用尽”，主语通常是人，与use up意思相同；run out of还可以表示“从……跑了出来”。(2)run out“(时间、金钱、事物等)用尽，用完”，此时主语是时间、金钱等。
The ink has run out． 墨水用完了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【2—1】[08遵义中考](词语替换)
My son’s bad grades in his lessons made me run out of patience，and I started to get angry with.
A. need B. lose C．keep
【2—2】0ur water is running _______.
A. out of B．into C．out D．up
【2—3】(用run out of／run out填空) 21世纪教育网
Her money has been ______ and her patience is also _______ .
Ⅲ重点句型
1．If you go to the party，you'll have a great time．
如果你去参加聚会。你会玩得很开心的!(Unit 5)
if引导的条件状语从句，当主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子时，从句要用一般现在时来代替将来时。
【归纳】if的用法
conj．(1)(表示条件)如果(2)(表示虚拟)假如，要是(3)(表示让步)即使(4)是否，引导宾语从句，相当于whether
①He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。
②If I were you，I would never do that．如果我是你，我决不做那件事。
③we’11 go even if it rains．即使下雨我们也要去。
④I wonder if she is ill．不知她是否病了。
【1—1】[09广东中考]I’11 go for a walk with you if it _______ tomorrow．
A．won’t rain B．doesn’t rain C．will rain D．not rains
【1—2】If you don’t go to the meeting tomorrow，_______ .
A. he will，too B. he won’t，either C．he does，too D. he doesn’t，either
【1—3】如果我富有，我就帮助你。(完成句子) 21世纪教育网
_________________________________ .
【1—4】Do you mind my opening the door (改为同义句)
Do you mind _____ ______ open the door
2．And if you become rich，you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.
并且如果你富有了。你就难以分清谁是你真正的朋友。(Unit 5)
【归纳】
(1)have a difficult time doing sth．(2)have a hard time with／doing sth．在某方面／做某事感到困难(3)have trouble／difficulty／problem(s)(in)doing sth．做某事很困难(4)have fun doing sth．做某事有乐趣(5)have a hard time with sb．和某人相处得不好
①Do you have a difficult time making friends with your new classmates
你和新同学交朋友困难吗 21世纪教育网
②Lucy had a hard time with her deskmate．They often quarrel．
露西和她的同桌相处得很不好，她们经常吵架。
【2—1】[08青岛中考]
—What’s the matter
—I am having trouble ______ who has taken my book．
A．finding B．1ooking for C．finding out D．1ooking up
【2—2】Dave had a difficult time _______ the picture．
A．draw B．to draw C．drawing
【2—3】The PLA men had great difficulty ______ the people trapped(陷入)in the building.
A．to save B．save C．saving
【2—4】(完成句子)他病了一个月，现在学习有困难。
He has been ill for a month and ______ a _____ with his studies．
参考答案：
Units 5～6
中考目标定位
[词汇拓展]
1. organizer；organization 2．for 3．injured 4．following 5．collector；collection 6．writer 7．European 8．foreigner 9．certainly
[重点短语]
1．have 2．in 3．away 4．around 5．college 6．make 7．all 8．raise 9．out of l0．by 11．interested l2．away
要点讲练互动
[重点单词]1—1．B l—2．C l—3．swam against
2—1．A 2—2．C 2—3．How long has 2—4．Since
3—1．raise 3—2．B 3—3．C 3—4．are；rising 3—5．raising；rising
[重点短语]1—1．D l—2．C l—3．D 1—4．C
2—1．B 2—2．C 2—3．run out of；running out
[重点句型]1—1．B l—2．B l—3．If I were rich,I would help you． 1—4．if I 2—1．C 2—2．C 2—3．C 2—4．has；hard time
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八年级(下)Units 5～6
词汇拓展 1．organize(v．)→______(n．)组织者→______ (n.)组织2．against(prep．) →______ (反义词)3．injure(v．) →______ (adj．)受伤的4．follow(v．) →______ (adj．)下列的；下述的 5．collect(v．) →______ (n．)收藏者 →______ (n．)收藏6．write(v．) →______ (n．)作家；作者7．Europe(n．) →______ (n．)欧洲人8．foreign(adj．) →______ (n．)外国人9．certain(adj.) →______ (adv．)
重点短语 1．______a great time 玩得愉快2．let sb．______ 允许某人进入3．take ______ 拿走4．travel______the world 环游世界各地5．go to ______ 上大学6．______ a living 谋生21世纪教育网 7. ______ the time 一直8．______money for．．为……筹款9．run______ 用完；用尽10．______ the way 顺便一提，附带说说11．be ______ in 对……感兴趣12．far ______ 在远处
重点句型 1．一If you go to the party，you’ll have a great time!如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心的12．What will happen if they have the party tomorrow 如果他们明天举办宴会将会怎样 3．If you become a professional athlete，you’ll be able to make a living doing something you love．如果你变成一个职业运动员，你将能够做你喜欢做的事来谋生。4．And if you become rich，you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are．并且如果你富有了，你就难以分清谁是你真正的朋友。 5．—How long have you been skating 你溜冰多长时间了 —I’ve been skating for five hours／since nine o’clock．我一直溜冰五个小时／我自从9点就一直溜冰。6．一How long did you skate 你溜冰多长时间 —I skated for two hours．我溜了两小时。7．For a foreigner like me，the more I learn about Chinese history，the more I enjoy living in China．对于像我这样一个外国人，了解中国历史越多，我越喜欢住在中国。
重点语法 1．条件状语从句——见（三、句法部分）[状语从句]2．情态动词should的用法——见（一、词法部分）[情态动词]3．现在完成进行时——见P71[现在完成时和现在完成进行时]
Ⅰ重点单词21世纪教育网
1．against prep．反对；对……不利21世纪教育网
(1)(表反对、敌对)与……对抗，反对…；不利于……21世纪教育网(2)(表接触)碰……，撞……；倚着……；靠着……against the wall靠墙(3)(表反方向)与……逆向against the wind逆风
【提醒】
against是介词，不能单独作谓语，常与be连用。be against“反对”的反义词组为be for“赞成，支持”。
【1—1】Class 3 will play a football match ______ Class 2 tomorrow．
A．for B．against C. and D. about
【1—2 】Rain beats _______ the window．
A. to B．for C．against D．with
【1—3】(完成句子)
他逆流而游。
He ______ ______ the stream．
2．since prep．&conj。自从；自……以来
辨析since／for两词引导的短语可以表示一段时间，对其提问用how long。(1)since可作介词，后跟时间名词．也可作连词，后跟一个时间状语从句，指某动作或情况从过去某一时间一直持续到现在，主句通常用现在完成时。since还可用于It is(was)…since…的句型。(2)for后跟一段时间，指动作或情况到现在持续了多久。(3)since作连词时，还可意为“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句，常置于句首。
【提醒】
(1)ever since“从那以后”，多与完成时态连用。
(2)短暂性动词的肯定式一般不能与since…，for．．．等表示一段时间的状语连用。
【2—1】[09攀枝花中考]She has studied in this school _______ she was seven years old．
A．since B．if C．until D．after
【2—2】I’ve been collecting old coins _______ ten years ago．
A．for B．about C. since
【2—3】He has lived in Beijing for two years．(对划线部分提问)
_____ _____ _____ he lived in Beijing
【2—4】(完成句子)
既然你累了，我们休息一会儿。
______ you are tired,let’s have a rest．21世纪教育网
3．raise v．筹集；筹募
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
辨拼raise／rise这两个词都有“举起，上升”的意思，但用法不同：(1)raise是及物动词，后面一定要有宾语。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。(2)rise是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语。说明主语自身移向较高的位置。
【3—1】[08襄樊中考]The famous singers had a concert to r_____ money for the homeless people．
【3—2】He_____ his hand first when the teacher asked the question．
A. raise B．raised C．rise D．rose
【3—3】The river is _____ after the rain．
A. raising B. lifting C. rising
【3—4】(完成句子) 21世纪教育网
食品的价格仍在上涨。21世纪教育网
Food prices _____ still _____ ．
【3—5】(用raise和rise完成句子)
On Monday morning，we were watching the children _____ the national flag，and we saw it _____ slowly in the wind．
Ⅱ重点短语
1．take away拿走
表示把某人或某物从说话者处带到其他地方，即“从这里拿走”，与bring的意思恰恰相反。
【提醒】
take away是一个“动词+副词”结构，当其宾语为名词时，该名词置于away前后均可，而当其宾语为代词时，代词必须置于away之前。
【归纳】21世纪教育网
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【1—1】[08朝阳中考] ______ away this dirty shirt and bring me a clean one．
A. Pick B. Bring C．Carry D．Take
【1—2】I want to take ______ what I said．
A．for B．after C．back D．out
【1—3】The plane from Shanghai to Paris will ______ in an hour．
A．take up B．take away C．take out D．take off
【1—4】Please ______ the baby for me while I’m away．
A．1ook at B．1ook for C．take care of D．take up
2．run out of用完,用尽
辨析run OUt of／run out(1)run out of“用完；用尽”，主语通常是人，与use up意思相同；run out of还可以表示“从……跑了出来”。(2)run out“(时间、金钱、事物等)用尽，用完”，此时主语是时间、金钱等。
The ink has run out． 墨水用完了。
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【2—1】[08遵义中考](词语替换)
My son’s bad grades in his lessons made me run out of patience，and I started to get angry with.
A. need B. lose C．keep
【2—2】0ur water is running _______.
A. out of B．into C．out D．up
【2—3】(用run out of／run out填空) 21世纪教育网
Her money has been ______ and her patience is also _______ .
Ⅲ重点句型
1．If you go to the party，you'll have a great time．
如果你去参加聚会。你会玩得很开心的!(Unit 5)
if引导的条件状语从句，当主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子时，从句要用一般现在时来代替将来时。
【归纳】if的用法
conj．(1)(表示条件)如果(2)(表示虚拟)假如，要是(3)(表示让步)即使(4)是否，引导宾语从句，相当于whether
①He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。
②If I were you，I would never do that．如果我是你，我决不做那件事。
③we’11 go even if it rains．即使下雨我们也要去。
④I wonder if she is ill．不知她是否病了。
【1—1】[09广东中考]I’11 go for a walk with you if it _______ tomorrow．
A．won’t rain B．doesn’t rain C．will rain D．not rains
【1—2】If you don’t go to the meeting tomorrow，_______ .
A. he will，too B. he won’t，either C．he does，too D. he doesn’t，either
【1—3】如果我富有，我就帮助你。(完成句子) 21世纪教育网
_________________________________ .
【1—4】Do you mind my opening the door (改为同义句)
Do you mind _____ ______ open the door
2．And if you become rich，you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.
并且如果你富有了。你就难以分清谁是你真正的朋友。(Unit 5)
【归纳】
(1)have a difficult time doing sth．(2)have a hard time with／doing sth．在某方面／做某事感到困难(3)have trouble／difficulty／problem(s)(in)doing sth．做某事很困难(4)have fun doing sth．做某事有乐趣(5)have a hard time with sb．和某人相处得不好
①Do you have a difficult time making friends with your new classmates
你和新同学交朋友困难吗 21世纪教育网
②Lucy had a hard time with her deskmate．They often quarrel．
露西和她的同桌相处得很不好，她们经常吵架。
【2—1】[08青岛中考]
—What’s the matter
—I am having trouble ______ who has taken my book．
A．finding B．1ooking for C．finding out D．1ooking up
【2—2】Dave had a difficult time _______ the picture．
A．draw B．to draw C．drawing
【2—3】The PLA men had great difficulty ______ the people trapped(陷入)in the building.
A．to save B．save C．saving
【2—4】(完成句子)他病了一个月，现在学习有困难。
He has been ill for a month and ______ a _____ with his studies．
参考答案：
Units 5～6
中考目标定位
[词汇拓展]
1. organizer；organization 2．for 3．injured 4．following 5．collector；collection 6．writer 7．European 8．foreigner 9．certainly
[重点短语]
1．have 2．in 3．away 4．around 5．college 6．make 7．all 8．raise 9．out of l0．by 11．interested l2．away
要点讲练互动
[重点单词]1—1．B l—2．C l—3．swam against
2—1．A 2—2．C 2—3．How long has 2—4．Since
3—1．raise 3—2．B 3—3．C 3—4．are；rising 3—5．raising；rising
[重点短语]1—1．D l—2．C l—3．D 1—4．C
2—1．B 2—2．C 2—3．run out of；running out
[重点句型]1—1．B l—2．B l—3．If I were rich,I would help you． 1—4．if I 2—1．C 2—2．C 2—3．C 2—4．has；hard time
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