吸星大法之中考复习
十五、被动语态
Lectured by Yin Lucheng [Tom]
原创笔记
动词的被动语态：
常用被动语态 构成 常用被动语态 构成
1 一般现在时 am/is/are asked 6 过去进行时 was/were being asked
2 一般过去时 was/were asked 7 现在完成时 have/has been asked
3 一般将来时 shall/will be asked 8 过去完成时 had been asked
4 过去将来时 should/would be asked 9 将来完成时 will/would have been asked
5 现在进行时 am/is/are being asked 10 含有情态动词的 can/must/may be asked
注意事项 被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构begoing to, used to, have to, had better变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。 如：Trees should not be planted in summer. / The boy was made fun of by his classmates.Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.
汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如：It is believed that… It is generally considered that… It is said that…It is well known that… It must be pointed out that… It is supposed that…It is reported that… It must be admitted that… It is hoped that…
下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如：The window wants/needs/requires repairing. The book is worth reading twice.The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well.The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold.
下面词或短语没有被动态：leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart等等
被动语态练习题
1．The child without parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken
C. take D. takes
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：在这所特殊的学校，这个没有父母的孩子受到老师很好的照顾。动作的承受者作主语用被动语态。其结构是，主语+be+done.without parents，介词短语不能做主语，该句的主语是child,是单数，故选A。
2．Many nice books______ the children on Children’s Day.
A. gave
B. were gave
C. were given to
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：儿童节许多好书被送给孩子们。主语是被执行者，故用被动语态；被动语态的构成是be动词加及物动词过去分词。故选C。
3．—At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
—More chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered
C. have offered D. are offering
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意为：---目前，学习的最好办法之一就是小组合作。---可以为同学间相互学习提高更多机会。根据语境，句子的主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。结合选项可知应选B。
4．Tea _____in Zhejiang.
A. grows B. is grown C. are grown
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：浙江省种植茶叶。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。Tea表示抽象含义，故谓语动词用单数，选B。
5．Last Friday we went to the Forest Park to have a picnic. After that, we _________to write an 800-word composition.
A. asked B.were asking
C.have asked D.were asked
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：上周五我们去森林公园去野餐了，之后我们被要求写出800个字的一篇作文。ask sb. to do sth意为“要求某人做某事”，本句中空格后没有宾语sb，说明此处使用被动语态。故答案为D。
6．--- Do you know the accident about the flight MH370
--- Yes. It ______yet at present.
A. isn’t found B. didn’t find
C. wasn’t found D. wasn’t founded
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：---你知道马航MH370的事件吗？---是的。它现在还没被找到。at present目前，主语是动作的承受者，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
7．--- Do you know if Tom_______ to Lily’s birthday party last Sunday
--- Sorry, I've no idea.
A. is invited
B. was invited
C. invited
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--你知道上个星期天汤姆是否被邀请参加莉莉的生日聚会了吗 --对不起，我不知道。这里Tom与invite之间是被动关系，故排除C;根据时间状语last Sunday可知从句的谓语动词应该用一般过去时。故选B。
8．It is said that an A-shaped tower in the center of the city next year.
A. builds B. will build
C. will be built D. is built
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：据说明年这个城市将要建一座A字形塔。结合语境可知本句描述的是将来发生的动作，故用一般将来时态。主语是动作对象，故用被动语态，选C。
9．People in Lanzhou are glad that a modern subway in several years.
A. will complete B. will be completed
C. has completed D. is completed
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：几年之后，一条现代地铁将完成，兰州人很高兴。in several years.是一般将来时的标志词，排除CD，而 a modern subway做主语，将被完成，应该用被动语态，故选B。
10.You can reach almost any goal if you want to—but sometimes it takes great efforts to realize your dream．
That was quite true for me．When I was 17 years old，I broke my father’s_____．He had saved enough from an average income to send me to college to become a lawyer．Three months later I was home telling him that I had left college — and for the first time I saw him ______.
“Son，I’m always going to love you even though you’ll never achieve anything，’’he said with tears(眼泪)in his eyes．
When I walked out of that room，I was burning with something within my body．Not everyone has the chance to feel it．I did not just want to______ — I had to．
But I couldn't see how to do it and all the time my father’s words were in my mind. I become a salesperson．It was not______ because I knew almost nothing about marketing.
Then a man introduced me to the Edwards training course．I went and learned a lot of useful______．I tried my best to put them to work．Soon after that，I started tasting the sweet fruits of Success for the first time．
Some time later，I told the manager of my company that I would like to meet with Mr．Edwards．They arranged it for me．When the day came，I told him，“Mr. Edwards，my goal is to be able to train people just as you trained me．”______，he agreed to let me try．
All that came true because I set goals to make it happen．Sticking to the goal was the most important．
【1】A.promise B.record C.heart D.law
【2】A.shout B.cry C.laugh D.relax
【3】A.succeed B.argue C.stop D.move
【4】A.fair B.easy C.serious D.safe
【5】A.poems B.dialogues C.excuses D.skills
【6】A.Luckily B.Usually C.Clearly D.Suddenly
【答案】CBABDA
【解析】这篇短文作者主要叙述了自己十七岁时，辜负了父亲的期望，没能当大学生。后来靠着自己艰苦努力，终于取得成功的故事。
【1】联系本段后两句描述,可知此处指的是我伤了父亲的心,故选C,心脏, 感情.
【2】联系下文’’he said with tears(眼泪)in his eyes．描述,可知此处指的是我第一次看见父亲哭,故选B,哭泣.
【3】结合上文对父亲对我的期望,可知此处指的是,我不只是想成功—我必须成功。故选A成功。
【4】联系下文because I knew almost nothing about marketing.描述，可知这不容易，故选B，容易的。
【5】联系前一句描述，可知此处指的是我学到了许多技能，故选D，技能。
【6】联系下文he agreed to let me try 描述，可知此处指的是，幸运的是，他同意让我试一试。故选A，幸运地。
11.I will always remember my mother’s last few days in this world.
On February 14th, 2000, my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school, my teacher told me to go to the headmaster’s office. When 1 got into the office, 1 saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that, we went to the hospital and waited. Time went slowly. Finally, we got to see our mother. It was terrible.
On the next day, the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened. I was taking a test that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had gotten better. How I wished that she had gotten better. When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me .She started crying, “She’s gone. Teresa, mommy’s gone. She’s dead.” I couldn’t believe it. We Jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my family were there. We went inside her hospital bedroom. We all stayed around her bed without any noise. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look back, I still miss my mother very much, but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother, who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as living. When someone is asked who their hero is, they usually say someone famous, like Michael Jordan or Britney 5pears. When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.
【1】Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill
A. On the beach.
B. At the hospital.
C. At school.
D. At home.
【2】Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill
A.Her sister. B. The headmaster.
C. Her teacher. D. The police officer.
【3】What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day
A. Her mother had been very ill.
B. Her mother had been dead.
C. Her mother had gotten better.
D. Her sister came to see her.
【4】From the last paragraph of the passage we know that_____.
A. the writer is afraid of her mother.
B. the writer is proud of her mother
C. the writer feels sad about her mother
D. the writer feels sorry for her mother
【5】The writer thinks her mother is a_____ woman.
A. famous B. free C. rich D. great
【答案】CDBBD
【解析】
试题分析: 文章主要讲述作者始终难以忘记妈妈离开世界之前的那几天。当作者回想起来的时候，他仍然非常想念自己的妈妈，他认为妈妈是一个坚强的人，是一位英雄，在很多人的心里都会把著名的人当做英雄，而在作者的心里一直把妈妈当做自己的英雄。
【1】细节理解题。题意：作者是在哪里知道妈妈生病了？文章的第一段提到那天我们在沙滩玩的很开心，回到学校后我被叫到校长办公室。里面坐着的警察告诉我妈妈生病了。因此可以知道我是在学校知道妈妈生病了。On the beach 在海滩，at the hospital 在医院， at school 在学校， at home.在家。故选C.
【2】细节理解题。题意：是谁带给作者她妈妈生病的这个坏消息的？根据文章第二段中“The police officer told what had happened and we went to pick my sister up”的这一句可以得知是警察告诉我妈妈生病这个坏消息的。故选D。
【3】推理判断题。题意：第二天，校长跟两位老师说了什么？第三段中“When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me .She started crying, “She’s gone. Teresa, mommy’s gone.”这句说的是妹妹跑过来哭着对我说妈妈死了，因此可以知道校长和老师说的是我妈妈去世的事情。故选B。推理判断题。题意：从文章的最后一段我们可以知道什么？文章的最后一段主要讲了作者的妈妈是一位伟大的母亲，是他心目中真正的英雄，因此可以得知作者以妈妈为荣。故选B。
【4】细节理解题。根据When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother.可知作者特别崇拜自己的妈妈，故选B。
【5】细节理解题。题意：作者认为他妈妈是一个怎样的女人？文章最后一段中“When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.”这句话提到妈妈是我心目中的英雄，一直活在我的心中，因此可以得知妈妈是一个伟大的女人。Famous著名的，free 空闲的，rich 富有的。这三个选项在文中均未提到。故选D。
★真题摘编
A lot of books to the poor students in the countryside last year.(2014)
A．send B．were sent
C．sent D．are sent
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意:去年给农村的贫穷学生送去了很多书。send 送，寄。根据句意可知，这句话的主语a lot of books 和谓语动词send 之间构成被动的关系，并且句中有last year，说的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
实义动词
时态
语态
名称
被动：be+done
及物动词必须跟宾语
不及物动词不直跟宾语
谓动
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
★过去将来时
现在完成时
★过去完成时
do/does
did
be+doing
was/were+doing
will+do
would+do
have/has+done
had+done
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
含情态动词
选项有无被动只需考虑时态
该而不:感官发生实现出版
使役动词正常不带to被动则带
意思需要
时间，标志
意思
平时经常做
某次过去做
现在正在做
过去正在做
现在将要做
过去将要做
到现在已做
到过去已做
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 1 页 （共 1 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网吸星大法之中考复习
十五、被动语态
Lectured by Yin Lucheng [Tom]
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
被动语态练习题
1．The child without ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )parents ________ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken
C. take D. takes
2．Many nice books______ the children on Children’s Day.21·cn·jy·com
A. gave
B. were gave
C. were given to
3．—At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.2-1-c-n-j-y
—More chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A. offer B. are offered
C. have offered D. are offering
4．Tea _____in Zhejiang.
A. grows B. is grown C. are grown
5．Last Friday we went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the Forest Park to have a picnic. After that, we _________to write an 800-word composition.【版权所有：21教育】
A. asked B.were asking
C.have asked D.were asked
6．--- Do you know the accident about the flight MH370 21cnjy.com
--- Yes. It ______yet at present.
A. isn’t found B. didn’t find
C. wasn’t found D. wasn’t founded
7．--- Do you know if Tom_______ to Lily’s birthday party last Sunday www.21-cn-jy.com
--- Sorry, I've no idea.
A. is invited
B. was invited
C. invited
8．It is said that an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )A-shaped tower in the center of the city next year.
A. builds B. will build
C. will be built D. is built
9．People in L ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )anzhou are glad that a modern subway in several years.
A. will complete B. will be completed
C. has completed D. is completed
10. You can reach a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lmost any goal if you want to—but sometimes it takes great efforts to realize your dream．2·1·c·n·j·y
That was quite t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rue for me．When I was 17 years old，I broke my father’s_____．He had saved enough from an average income to send me to college to become a lawyer．Three months later I was home telling him that I had left college — and for the first time I saw him ______.
“Son，I’m always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )going to love you even though you’ll never achieve anything，’’he said with tears(眼泪)in his eyes．【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
When I walked out of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that room，I was burning with something within my body．Not everyone has the chance to feel it．I did not just want to______ — I had to．
But I couldn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'t see how to do it and all the time my father’s words were in my mind. I become a salesperson．It was not______ because I knew almost nothing about marketing.
Then a man ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )introduced me to the Edwards training course．I went and learned a lot of useful______．I tried my best to put them to work．Soon after that，I started tasting the sweet fruits of Success for the first time．21·世纪*教育网
Some time later，I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )told the manager of my company that I would like to meet with Mr．Edwards．They arranged it for me．When the day came，I told him，“Mr. Edwards，my goal is to be able to train people just as you trained me．”______，he agreed to let me try．
All that came true ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) because I set goals to make it happen．Sticking to the goal was the most important．21*cnjy*com
【1】A.promise B.record C.heart D.law【出处：21教育名师】
【2】A.shout B.cry C.laugh D.relax21教育名师原创作品
【3】A.succeed B.argue C.stop D.move
【4】A.fair B.easy C.serious D.safe
【5】A.poems B.dialogues C.excuses D.skills
【6】A.Luckily B.Usually C.Clearly D.Suddenly
11. I will always remember my mother’s last few days in this world.
On February 14th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), 2000, my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school, my teacher told me to go to the headmaster’s office. When 1 got into the office, 1 saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that, we went to the hospital and waited. Time went slowly. Finally, we got to see our mother. It was terrible.
On the next day, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened. I was taking a test that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had gotten better. How I wished that she had gotten better. When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me .She started crying, “She’s gone. Teresa, mommy’s gone. She’s dead.” I couldn’t believe it. We Jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my family were there. We went inside her hospital bedroom. We all stayed around her bed without any noise. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) back, I still miss my mother very much, but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother, who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as living. When someone is asked who their hero is, they usually say someone famous, like Michael Jordan or Britney 5pears. When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.
【1】Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill
A. On the beach.
B. At the hospital.
C. At school.
D. At home.
【2】Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill 21世纪教育网版权所有
A.Her sister. B. The headmaster.
C. Her teacher. D. The police officer.
【3】What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day 21教育网
A. Her mother had been very ill.
B. Her mother had been dead.
C. Her mother had gotten better.
D. Her sister came to see her.
【4】From the last paragraph of the passage we know that_____.www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. the writer is afraid of her mother.
B. the writer is proud of her mother
C. the writer feels sad about her mother
D. the writer feels sorry for her mother
【5】The writer thinks her mother is a_____ woman.
A. famous B. free C. rich D. great21*cnjy*com
★真题摘编
A lot of books to the poor students in the countryside last year.(2014)
A．send B．were sent
C．sent D．are sent
实义动词
时态
语态
名称
被动：be+done
及物动词必须跟宾语
不及物动词不直跟宾语
谓动
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
★过去将来时
现在完成时
★过去完成时
do/does
did
be+doing
was/were+doing
will+do
would+do
have/has+done
had+done
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
含情态动词
选项有无被动只需考虑时态
该而不:感官发生实现出版
使役动词正常不带to被动则带
意思需要
时间，标志
意思
平时经常做
某次过去做
现在正在做
过去正在做
现在将要做
过去将要做
到现在已做
到过去已做
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品资料·第 6 页 （共 6 页） 版权所有@21世纪教育网(共54张PPT)
Lectured by Tom
2017年吸星大法之中考复习
被动语态
目 录
1.思维导图【知识点】
2.思维导图【考点】
3.考点及习题
4.专题训练
构成
用法
句型
特殊形式
不用被动语态
主动变被动
判断使用
被动语态
知识拓展
被动语态
命题特点
题型
重点考查
单项选择、句型转换或动词运用
复习指导
熟记被动语态的判断方法
注意被动语态和时态的结合
能判断动作的执行者或承受者
使役动词的被动语态
感官动词的被动语态
通过考查动词的用法，考查学生在具体的语境中灵活运用动词的能力
牢记被动语态的搭配
一般现在时的被动语态
考生在做此类试题时， 应注意以下三点：
1. 首先应读懂句意， 确定主语和谓语， 明确谓语动词的动作是否由主语发出。如果谓语动词的动作由主语发出， 则是主动语态；如果不是由主语发出， 则是被动语态， 由此可排除主动语态的选项。
2. 分析被动语态的基本结构， 动作的承受者(动作的对象，多是名词)在空前、实施者在空后(有时可省略)判断出用被动语态。
3. 被动语态的考查一般会和时态相结合。考生可根据关键词(时间状语)来判断时态。对于没有关键词的题目， 则要根据前后句已经给出的时态、语境并结合常识进行判断。
【典例剖析】(2016岳阳32题)
Many Hope Primary Schools _____ last year.
A. is built B. was built C. were built
点拨：第①步：分析语境：去年许多希望小学。第②步：分析句子结构, 找句子主语、谓语。本题中, 主语为Hope Primary Schools, 谓语为build。第③步：分析主语和谓语的逻辑关系。根据常识可知, “希望小学”与“建造”之间为动宾关系, 应用被动语态。第④步：根据题干中的标志词或语境判断用何种时态的被动语态。本题中, 根据last year可知用一般过去时。第⑤步：主语为复数形式, 谓语动词用were built。从而判定正确答案为C。
知识拓展
被动语态的构成
语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语的关系。当主语是动作的执行者时用主动语态（某人做某事）; 当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态（某事被人做）。
被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p. p. )”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的, 其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。
知识拓展
各种时态的被动语态
结构 例句
一般现在时： 主语+am/is/are+过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day.
教室每天都被打扫。
一般过去时： 主语+was/were+过去分词 Our school was built in 1998.
我们的学校是在1998年建造的。
一般将来时： 主语+shall/will+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 明天举行运动会。
现在进行时： 主语+am/is/are +being+过去分词 The car is being repaired.
车正在修理中。
知识拓展
各种时态的被动语态
过去进行时： 主语+was/were +being+过去分词 The machine was being painted then. 那时机器正在上油漆。
现在完成时： 主语+has/have +been+过去分词 The bank has been built.
银行已经建成了。
过去完成时： 主语+had +been+过去分词 I had been invited to visit Japan before I came here. 在来这儿之前我已经被邀请访问日本了。
过去将来时： 主语+should/would+过去分词 Ann told me she would be sent to America.安告诉我她将被派往美国。
含有情态动词的被动语态： 主语+情态动词+be+过去分词 The bike can’t be put here.
这辆自行车不能被放在这里。
【链接中考】
(河北省卷)
Hong Kong ______ to be a good place for eating today.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
【答案】C
（山东省滨州市）
The World Expo (世博会) ____________ in Shanghai now.
A. being had B. is having
C. is holding D. is being held
(上海市)
A Disneyland Park(迪斯尼乐园) _______ in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future.
A. builds B. has built C. will build D. will be built
（江苏省南京市）
—Can you sing this English song
—Of course, I can. It _______many times on the radio.
A. taught B. has taught
C. is taught D. has been taught
◆如何判断是否使用被动语态
1. 不知道或没指出动作的执行者是谁时。如：
Many trees should be planted every year. 每
年都应该种很多树。
2. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：
The computers are used by more and more
people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人使用
电脑。
3. 句子的主语是物时。如：
Many houses were washed away by the flood.
许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
◆主动语态如何转换为被动语态
要将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，
若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
2. 把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主
格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
3. 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。如：
We asked him to sing an English song.(主动
句)→He was asked to sing an English song by
us. (被动句)我们让他唱首英文歌。
知识拓展
含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：
主语+情态动词+be+过去分词
注意否定形式一般是在情态动词后加not,而不是在be动词后加not.
Anything here can't be touched.
这里的任何东西都不能碰。
知识拓展
被动语态的用法
1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch is made in China.
这块手表是中国制造的。
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
More trees must be planted every year.
每年都必须种更多的树。
知识拓展
被动语态的用法
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world。
世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
4. 句子的主语是物。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.
许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
【链接中考】
（广东省）
—Excuse me, what’s this for
—It’s a cleaner and it to pick up dirt.
A. uses B. is used C. is using D. used
（天津市）
Liu Xiang ______by his coach to train regularly.
A. advised B. advises
C. was advised D. be advised
知识拓展
被动语态的特殊形式
1. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语时, 变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。
We saw an alien get out of the UFO.
→An alien was seen to get out of the UFO.
2. 句中谓语是动词短语时, 变为被动语态时要注意其完整性。
Jack turned on the TV just now.
→The TV was turned on by Jack just now.
知识拓展
被动语态的特殊形式
3．主动表被动。
(1)feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。
The dishes smell so delicious. 菜闻起来真香。
(2)有些动词, 如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等, 作为不及物动词，与副词连用常用主动形式表示被动意义。This kind of cloth washes well．
这种布料很好洗。
知识拓展
被动语态的特殊形式
3．主动表被动。
(3)be worth doing的主动语态表示被动含义。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
(4)want/ need+doing结构相当于“want/ need + to be done”,即不定式的被动结构。
My bike needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired.
我的自行车需要修理。
知识拓展
主动语态变为被动语态
1.在主动句变为被动句时，要注意主动句和被动句中时态应该一致，同时还应该注意被动句中主语的人称和数要与谓语动词保持一致。主动语态和被动语态的转换形式主要方法：
第一步：把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语，或宾格变成主格。
第二步：把主动语态的谓语变为be+过去分词。
第三步：把主动语态的主语放在介词by之后，或变宾格，用来说明动作的执行者，有时可以省略。
We asked him to sing a song.
He was asked to sing a song by us.
【链接中考】
(重庆市卷）
V．完成句子 10分）根据所给提示, 完成句子。每空一词, 含缩略词。
68. More and more people speak Chinese in the world. (改为被动语态)
Chinese _______ _______ by more and more people in the world.
【答案】68. is spoken
知识拓展
主动语态变为被动语态
2.双宾语及物动词变成被动语态时，将间接宾语变为主语。动词有：give，send， take， bring， teach， show， tell， make， buy， pass。
They gave the children many good books.
他们给了孩子们很多好书。
→The children were given many good books.
或将直接宾语变为主语，并在间接宾语前加介词to。
→Many good books were given to the children.
知识拓展
主动语态变为被动语态
3.双宾语及物动词变成被动语态时，将间接宾语变为主语。动词有：buy，make，find，get。
Mother bought me a computer.
→I was bought a computer by mother.
或将直接宾语变为主语，并在间接宾语前加介词for。
→ A computer was bought for me by my mother.
妈妈给我买了一台电脑。
知识拓展
被动语态的句型
初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有:
1. be covered with被……覆盖
2. be made of由……制作(发生物理变化)
be made from由……制作(发生化学变化)
be made in由(某地)制造
be made by被(某人)制造
be made to do sth. 被迫做某事
知识拓展
被动语态的句型
初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有:
3. be used for被用来……
be used as被当作/作为……来使用
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
4. It is said that. . . 据说……
It is hoped that. . . 希望……
It is well known that. . . 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道......
知识拓展
不用被动语态的情况
1．当主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时。
The man introduced himself as Mr. White.
那个人自我介绍说他叫瓦特先生。
2. 不及物动词和动词短语，如happen, last, take place, come out, come true, run out 等，无被动语态。
How do the newspapers come out
这些报纸是如何被出版的呢？
知识拓展
不用被动语态的情况
3．当主动句的谓语动词是表示状态的及物动词时。
We will have a meeting.
我们将要开个会。
4. 系动词没有被动形式。
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来合理。
知识拓展
被动语态的判断
当主语是物时，常常用被动语态。
If more trees are planted, our city will be more beautiful.
当句中有by+人时，常用被动语态。
This new movie is directed by Feng Xiaogang.
当及物动词后找不到宾语时，往往是vt. sb. to do sth.结构，常用被动语态。
Tom was invited to Jane's party last night.
知识拓展
被动语态与系表结构
“be + p. p. ”表示动作时是被动语态; “be + p. p. ”表示主语所处的状态时是系表结构。
(1)含有“by +宾语”结构强调动作执行者, 此时为被动语态。
The window is broken.
窗户坏了。(系表结构)
The window is broken by me.
窗户是我打破的。(被动语态)
知识拓展
被动语态与系表结构
(2)句中有地点、频率或时间状语时, 一般是被动语态。
The door was closed.
门是关着的。(系表结构)
The door was closed at 9: 00.
九点钟关的门。(被动语态)
(3)系表结构中常用介词搭配, 被动语态中没有介词搭配。
We’re worried about the boy. 我们担心那个男孩。
知识拓展
被动语态与系表结构
(4)系表结构的过去分词可以被副词修饰。
I’m really surprised at the news.
我对这个消息真的感到很惊讶。
(5)系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时, 而被动语态可用于多种时态。
突破方法
判断动作的执行者还是承受者
考查被动语态的题目，解题的关键是找出动作的执行者或承受者，这就要根据句子的意思进行判断，然后根据句子的时间，正确选择。
(2013·安顺中考)“Should a teenager ______to get a driving license ”“First go to a training centre. ”
A. be allow B. allow
C. be allowed D. allowed
【解析】选C。考查被动语态。句意: ——青少年应该被允许获得驾照吗 ——首先去训练中心。含有情态动词的被动语态的形式为: 情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。
【链接中考】
（山东泰安市）
The girl was often heard happily in her room.
A. sing B. to sing
C. singing D. sings
（新疆省阜康市）
The little boy ______ by the big one this morning.
A. was made to cry B. was made cry
C. made to cry D. made cry
【链接中考】
（广州市）
Don’t worry. All the children ______ by the nurses.
A. are well taken care of
B. take good care of
C. are taken good care of
D. take good care
专题训练
被动语态
(训练时间：10分钟 分值：22分)
1. (2016·安徽)When the baby dog ____， it was very hungry.
So we gave it some food.
A. is found B. was found
C. has been found D. will be found
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由后句为一般过去时，可知事情发生在过去。根据句意，小狗是被找到的，应用被动语态。故选B。
【答案】B
2. (2016·菏泽)When you go abroad, you'll find that so many
products in local shops ________ in China.
A. make B. have made C. are made
【解析】考查被动语态。many products作主语，与make存在被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。
【答案】C
3. (2016·吉林)Rice ________ by hand in many countries,
such as China and India. 【导学号35490070】
A. grows B. is grown C. grew
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“水稻在很多国家是用手插秧的，比如在中国和印度。”由此可知，要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are＋过去分词”。故选B。
【答案】B
4. (2016·长春)Chinese New Year ______ the Spring Festival.
People often eat dumplings.
A. is called B. was called
C. calls D. called
【解析】考查被动语态。由第二句可知，第一句要用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
【答案】A
5. —Have you heard about that car accident near the school
—Yes, luckily no one________.
A. hurt B. was hurt
C. has hurt D. were hurt
【解析】考查过去时的被动语态。主语no one与hurt之间为被动关系，要用被动语态，排除A和C；no one作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【答案】B
6. (2016·广东)He Jiang ________ to give a speech at the
graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month.
A. invites B. invited
C. is invited D. was invited
【解析】考查被动语态。由last month可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
【答案】D
7. —Claudia, are you going to Mike's birthday party on
Sunday
—Unless I ________.
A. am invited B. invited C. was inviting
【解析】考查被动语态。根据句意“除非我被邀请。”可知，I与invite之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选A。
【答案】A
8. (2016·重庆)Students do less homework now. Usually it
________ before 9 o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B. finished
C. is finished D. was finished
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。由句中的Usually可知用一般现在时，而作业是被完成，要用被动语态。故选C。
【答案】C
9. —The meeting ________ because of the smog in Northern
China last week.
—Oh, it's too bad! We should take action to improve the
air quality.
A. put out B. was put out
C. put off D. was put off
【解析】考查被动语态。句意为“上周因为中国北方地区的雾霾，会议被推迟了。”所以谓语动词用put off(推迟)，且主语meeting与put off构成被动关系，用被动语态。
【答案】D
10. Many houses ________ by the earthquake and thousands
of people were left homeless.
A. damaged B. were damaged
C. were damaging D. are damaged
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语Many houses与谓语动词damage之间是被动关系；且由下文were left可知，应用一般过去时。故选B。
【答案】B
11. (2016·丹东)With the development of China, Chinese
________ by a large number of people in the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak D. is speaking
【解析】考查被动语态。由by可知要用被动语态。故选B。
【答案】B
12. Now it's much easier to shop online. When your order is
ready, the things you want to buy __________ to you soon.
A. send B. were sent
C. are sending D. will be sent
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。you want to buy是定语从句，先行词为the things，之间省略了关系代词；而the things与send之间为被动关系，故应用send的被动形式；结合句尾的soon可知，空格处的动作尚未发生，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
【答案】D
