九年级英语被动语态
( javascript:showlogin(317829); )
教学目标
知识与能力：掌握主动语态、被动语态互变，被动语态的时态及用法。
过程与方法：通过比较、讲解、训练使学生学会运用被动语态。
情感价值观：通过学习，学会变被动学习为主动学习。
教学重点：被动语态的基本运用
教学难点：主动语态、被动语态互变，被动语态的时态及用法。
教学方法：讲练结合法，比较法
教学准备：多媒体课件
Step
1:
Greet
and
revision
1.
Greet
the
students
with
each
other.
2.
Review
all
the
tenses
that
have
learnt.
Step
2:语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如：Many
people
speak
Chinese.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many
people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作的对象。例如：Chinese
is
spoken
by
many
people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
Step
3:
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken
一般过去时：was／were＋spoken
一般将来时：will／shall
be＋spoken
现在进行时：am／is／are
being＋spoken
过去进行时：was/were
being＋spoken
现在完成时：have／has
been＋spoken
过去完成时：had
been
+
spoken
Step
4:被动语态的用法
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some
new
computers
were
stolen
last
night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This
bridge
was
founded
in
1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The
glass
was
broken
by
Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
This
book
was
written
by
him.这本书是他写的。
Your
homework
must
be
finished
on
time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
Step
5:
主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）
（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。
（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：
All
the
people
laughed
at
him.
He
was
laughed
at
by
all
people.
They
make
the
bikes
in
the
factory.
The
bikes
are
made
by
them
in
the
factory.
He
cut
down
a
tree.
A
tree
was
cut
down
by
him.
Step
6:
含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
We
can
repair
this
watch
in
two
days.
This
watch
can
be
repaired
in
two
days.
They
should
do
it
at
once. It
should
be
done
at
once.
Homework:(共30张PPT)
Many
houses
were
damaged
in
this
earthquake.
Shi
Chuan
Earthquake
Shi
Chuan
Earthquake
Many
people
were
killed
in
this
earthquake.
Shi
Chuan
Earthquake
Many
people
were
left
homeless.
三、被动语态的构成
2.
被动语态的时态
★
时态回顾：（时态主要以谓语动词的不同
形式体现出来。）
时
态
形
式
一
般
式
完成式
情态动词
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在完成时
Can/must…+do
Is/am/are+done
Was/were+done
Will
be+done
Has/have
been+done
Can/must…+done
The
students
clean
the
classroom
every
day.
The
classroom
is
cleaned
by
the
students
every
day.
the
students
clean
our
classroom
(every
day)
the
Great
Wall
build
long
long
ago
Chinese
people
Chinese
people
built
the
Great
Wall
long
long
ago.
The
Great
Wall
was
built
by
Chinese
people
long
long
ago.
we
hold
our
school
sports
meeting
next
week
We
will
hold
our
school
sports
meeting
next
week..
Our
school
sports
meeting
will
be
held
next
week.
1.We
often
use
a
recorder
in
our
English
class.
2.They
set
up
the
new
building
in
1998.
3.We
will
take
him
to
the
hospital.
4.I
have
finished
the
work.
Rewrite
the
following
sentences
with
the
passive
voice:
A
recorder
is
often
used
in
our
English
class.
The
new
building
was
set
up
by
them
in
1998.
He
will
be
taken
to
the
hospital
by
us.
The
work
has
been
finished.
5.You
must
turn
down
the
radio
at
once.
6.We
can’t
see
stars
in
the
daytime.
7.
Do
you
do
your
homework
after
supper
8.
Must
we
hand
in
our
homework
now
The
radio
must
be
turned
down
at
once.
Stars
can’t
be
seen
in
the
daytime.
Is
your
homework
done
after
supper.
Must
our
homework
be
handed
in
now
主动---被动的几个变化规则
二
:带双宾语（间接宾语和直接宾语）的主动变被动有两种改法:
(1)把间接宾语（即人）改成主语
(2)
把直接宾语（即物）改成主语时,谓语动词后必须加适
当的介词:
to,
for.
give，
pass,
show,
send
-----
to
Eg,
The
barber
gave
me
a
terrible
haircut.
------1
I
was
given
a
a
terrible
haircut
by
the
barber.
------2
A
terrible
haircut
was
given
to
me
by
the
barber.
而
buy
,draw，make,
cook,
sing-----for
Eg,
His
father
bought
him
a
new
bike.
间接宾语
直接宾语
------1
He
was
bought
a
new
bike
by
his
father.
------2
A
new
bike
was
bought
by
his
father
for
him.
三:使役动词(
make,
let
,have)和感官动词(see,
hear,
-
find,
notice
----)在主动句中后面的动词不带to
,但在被动句中后面的动词必须带to
Eg,1
My
father
made
me
go
there
alone
-----I
was
made
to
go
there
alone.
2
He
let
the
man
work
fourteen
hours
The
man
was
let
to
work
fourteen
hours.
3
We
often
see
them
play
football
together.
They
are
often
seen
to
play
football
together.
四:
并不是所有的动词都有被动语态.
注:
1.
不及物动词,部分固定短语,系动词无被动语态。
e.g.
happen，take
place,
change
be,
look,
seem,
feel,
sound,,
become----
A
traffic
accident
________(happen)
just
now.
Peking
Opera
___(sound)
beautiful
2
当此动词表示事物的自然属性(特征,品质)的时候，不用被动语态
The
pen
_____(write)
very
fast
。
This
kind
of
sweater
____(sell)
well
happened
sounds
writes
sells
Choose
the
best
answer:
1.Mary
_____
to
attend
a
meeting
yesterday.
A.asks
B.asked
C.is
asked
D.was
asked
2.A
talk
on
a
Christmas
history
______
in
the
school
hall
next
week.
A.be
given
B.has
been
give
C.will
be
given
D.will
give
3.In
some
places,
little_____
to
make
smoke
clean.
A.does
B.is
done
C.has
done
D.is
doing
D
C
B
4.The
water
in
the
river
_____
4
inches
after
the
heavy
rain.
A.raised
B.rose
C.was
raised
D.was
risen
5.When
your
homework______,you
can
play
basketball
with
your
friends.
A.will
do
B.will
be
done
C.has
done
D.is
done
B
D
历年中考题
Choose
the
best
answer:
1.The
2007
Special
Olympic
Games
______
in
Shanghai.（06年）
A.
will
hold
B.will
be
held
C.
were
held
D.
held
2.
That
building
is
part
of
Shanghai’s
history.It
____many
years
ago.（07年）
A.
built
B.
builds
C.
is
build
D.
was
built
B
D
3.
Many
houses
_____
in
the
big
fire
a
few
days
ago.
What
a
shame!（09年）
A.
were
damaged
B.damage
C.
were
damaging
D.
damaged
4.
A
Disneyland
Park
_____
in
Shanghai
Pudong
New
Area
in
the
near
future.
(10年)
A.
builds
B.
has
built
C.
will
build
D.
will
be
built
A
D
5.
An
official
______
by
some
reporters
on
food
problems
in
Shanghai
yesterday.
(11年)
A.
is
interviewing
B.
is
interviewed
C.
was
interviewing
D.
was
interviewed
D
Have
a
try
1.
The
emperor
invented
tea
by
accident.
2.
Many
Chinese
can
speak
English.
3.
They
don’t
wash
their
clothes
every
day.
4.
The
boy
broke
the
door
of
the
class.
Tea
_____
_______
by
the
emperor
by
accident.
English
can
_____
________
by
many
Chinese.
Their
clothes
_____
_______
by
them
every
day.
The
door
of
the
class
______
_______
by
the
boy.
was
invented
be
spoken
aren’t
washed
was
broken
5.
We
didn’t
solve
the
problem.
6.
Does
Kitty
often
sing
these
English
songs
7.
My
parents
have
done
all
the
work
by
now.
8.
We
will
build
a
swimming
pool
in
the
school
next
year.
9.
We
must
keep
classroom
clean
.
The
problem
______
________
by
us.
______
these
English
songs
often
______by
Kitty
All
the
work
_____
______
done
by
my
parents
by
now.
A
swimming
pool
______
_______
built
in
the
school
next
year.
The
classroom
must
_______
________
clean.
wasn’t
solved
Are
sung
has
been
will
be
be
kept
历年中考题
Rewrite
the
sentences
with
the
passive
voice:
1.Where
did
they
grow
vegetables （00年）
Where
______
the
vegetables
_________
2.We
must
keep
the
noise
under
50
dbs
（分贝）here.（02年）
The
noise
must
______
______
under
50
dbs
here.
3.We
publish
our
school
newspaper
twice
a
month.（05年）
Our
school
newspaper
____
__________
twice
a
month.
were
grown
be
kept
is
published
4.The
terrible
earthquake
destroyed
thousands
of
houses
in
that
area.（08年）
Thousands
of
houses
in
that
area
__________
____________by
the
terrible
earthquake.
5.The
university
will
invite
many
graduates
to
celebrate
its
100th
birthday.(11年)
Many
graduates
will
________
___________
by
the
university
to
celebrate
its
100th
birthday.
were
destroyed
be
invited
Homework:
1.
Oral
work:
Review
the
passive
voice
by
yourselves
again.
2.
Written
work:
Finish
the
exercises
on
the
paper.
