中考复习-现在完成时

课件13张PPT。现在完成时通城关刀中学 动词时态之“现在完成时”
动词时态是英语中一个重要的范畴。它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式，动作发生的时间分为“现在”、“过去”、“将来”和“过去将来”四种形式；动作发生的方式分为“一般”、“完成”、“进行”和“完成进行”四种形式。
（共16种时态） 现在完成时的构成：
助动词 _______/______ +动词的________。
现在完成时的用法（用动词的适当形式填空，然后归纳其用法。）
A: (1)I _____________（lost）my pen，Can I use yours，please？
(2) Who __________（break）the glass？
(3)______you______（have） your lunch?
总结:havehas过去分词have losthas brokenHavehad谓语动作在“现在”以前已经发生并结束，而其结果一直影响到现在。B：(1)I ______________（learn）English for three years.
(2) Tom______________(have )a bike since last year.
(3) We__________________(know) each other since we were children.
(4) How long______ you_________(work) there?
归纳用法:
三种句型（1）_______________
（2）_______________
(3）______________ have learnthave hadhave knownhaveworked谓语所表示的动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在(有可能到将来)How long…？for+一段时间since+过去时间起点 /一般过去时从句C：(1) I________just_________（sweep） the floor.
(2) Tom_________already ________(do) his homework.
(3) They________never_________-(see) the film.
(4)______ you ever __________(ride )a horse?
(5) __________your father__________ (mend) the bike yet?
(6) We__________________ (meet) each other before, haven’t we?
总结：_______________________________________________________________。haveswepthasdonehaveseenHaveridenHasmendedhave met 现在完成时与不确定的过去时间状语连用。D: (1) We________________learn) nearly 300 new words this term.
(2)_______ you__________ (finish) your homework now?
(3) Rose______________ (try) to make a dress for herself three times.
(4) Jack must know a lot about the city ,He _____________(be) there quite often.
(5) He___________________ (draw) two pictures today.
(6) _______the film still_______(be) on show now?
(7) We________________- (build) many tall buildings in the past ten years.
(8) How many cities________you____________ ( travel) to in Chine so far?
have learntHavefinishedhas triedhas beenhas drawnHasbeenhave builthavetravelled during the last +一段时间总结：

复习延续性动词和短暂性动词：常见的延续性动词有.
这些动词可用于完成时态，并可与 for 或since 结构的时间状语连用，表示动作延续了多久。常见的短暂性动词有
这些动词可用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但不能在末尾加一段时间状语。（只限肯定句）现在完成时与包括现在在内的时间状语和表示频度的时间状语连用。live study learn teach work wear be have know walk sleep wait keep etc.finish see start hear begin come go put on reach arrive stop borrow get up close open leave buy lose die join fall become etc.E: (1) He_______________ (not come) to see us since last month.
(2) I___________________ (not hear) from my brother for two months.
(3) We ___________________(not see) him for a long time.
总结：
F:特别注意三种句式：
1.have/has gone to…意思是_____________________.
2. have/has been to…意思是_____________________.
3.have / has been in/at…意思是___________________
________________ .hasn’t comehaven’t heardhaven’t seen在否定句中，有些短暂性动词和表位移的动词也可与一段时间状语连用“去了”说明目前的去向“去过，来过”说明经历从过去到说话时在某地呆了多久 短暂性动词可以转换成延续性动词,主要有以下几种:
1.用相应的延续性动词
buy--________
get/catch a cold__________
borrow—_______ put on—_______ come/go/become___________
2.转换成be+n.
join the Party--______________
join the army---________
go to school---______________have have a coldkeepwearbebe a Party memberbe a soldierbe a student3.转换成be+adj./adv.
die----__________ finish---_________
begin----_____________
leave---___________ fall asleep---____________ close---__________
go out---__________
get to/arrive in(at)/reach---____________
4.转换成be+prep.
go to school---_______________
join the army---__________
G: When 或 What time 引导的疑问句，不用“现在完成时”：
When______ you______ ( visit) New York？
What time_____ you_______ (come )home？be deadbe overbe onbe awaybe asleepbe closedbe outbe in/atbe in/at schoolbe in the army did visitdid come 巩固练习:
1.My grandmother is dead,she________ for 8 years.
A.has died B. has bee dead C. is dead
2. The shop________ since I was a child.
A.has opened B .has been open C.has been opened
3.----Where have you_______? ----I _____to see Li Ping in hospital.
A. gone, gone B. been, have gone C. been, went D. gone, went
4.—What______you ____with the money?---I’ve bought a coat with it.
A.have, done B. did, do C. have , usedBBCA5. ---What a beautiful watch! Is it new? ---No,I have ____it for 2 years.
A. had B. sold C. borrowed D. bought
6.Many trees and flowers ____ since our school was built in 1990.
A.planted B. was planted
C. were planted D.have been planted
7.---How many time ____you ____to the Great Wall?
----Only once. I ___ there last year.
A.did go,went B.have been, went
C.have have, D.have have ADB改错
He has left for a year.
1.He ____ _____ ______ for a year.
2.He ______ __________.
3.He _______ a year ago.
4.It ______ / _____ ______a year since he _____.
5.A year ______ _______ since he left. has been away has leftleftis has beenhas pastleftIt +is/has been+ 一段时间 +since+过去时间起点 /S+ 一般过去时