中考复习-被动语态

课件53张PPT。被动语态Passive Voice通城关刀中学被动语态基本用法
当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。
被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。be + V-p.p(动词的过去分词）
1)be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化
am/ is / are + V(过去分词）
was/ were+ V(过去分词）
will be + V(过去分词）
情态动词+ be + V (过去分词）1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHe plants trees in spring. 主谓宾(受动者)Treesare plantedbyhim改为被动语态in spring.主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变，
原主变宾by后见，
时态人称be关键。Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主谓宾(受动者)Bowls are washedbyhis brother every day.1.They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
一般现在时：
S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词变为被动语态2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词3．Amy can take good care of Gina ．Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.
情态动词：
S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词4.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them)
in ten days.
一般将来时：
S+ will+be+过去分词5.
Some workers are painting the rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
现在进行时：
S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词6.We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
现在完成时：
S+ have/has + been+过去分词7.I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night．
My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.
过去进行时：
S+ was/were+being+过去分词
各种时态的被动语态构成
1）一般现在时：You are invited to do this.
2）一般过去时：The story was told by her.
3）一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.看一看 想一想4)情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 何时使用被动语态呢？
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：
Football is played all over the world．
二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：
My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。 三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… It is well known that..
据推测说… It is supposed that …四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”
等词时。例如：
Tina is asked to come by
Paul．
五、某些句子习惯上用被动
语态。例如：
He was born in October，
1989． 被动语态的特殊结构1. make sb do
let sb. do
have sb.do be made to do
be let to do
be had to doeg. I made him stay outside. He was made to stay outside. 2. see sb. do
hear sb. do
watch sb. dobe seen to do
be heard to do
be watched to doeg. I saw her go out. She was seen to go out.注意: see sb. doing
hear sb. doing
watch sb. doing be seen doing
be heard doing
be watched doingEg. I hear her reading English . She is heard reading English. Try the following:
Did you see them get off the bus?
2. Was Lily heard to sing upstairs last night? (you)
3. The girl was seen ____ with her mother at 8:00 yesterday.
A. quarrel B. quarreling
C. to quarrel D. quarreledWere they seen to get off the bus?Did you hear Lily sing upstairs last night?B
3: help sb. (to) V -----be helped to V.
He helped the old man (to) clean the room.
The old man was helped to clean the room.
4. 含双宾语的句子。
含双宾语的主动语态句子变为被动语
态时,通常把间接宾语（人）作为被动语
态的主语；也可以把直接宾语(物)作为
被动语态的主语，但是必须在间接宾(人)
前加上介词“to”或”for”。
通常用“to” 的动词有：give, tell, lend,
send, show, pass, hand…
通常用“for” 的动词有：buy, make, get, sing …
Try the following:
1. The teacher gave Jim some books.

2. His parents bought him a new bike.Jim was given some books by the teacher.Some books were given to his
students by the teacher.He was bought a new bike by his parents.A new bike was bought for him by his
parents.5.当主动语态的宾语是句子时（即是宾语从句），变为被动语态时通常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。
We know that the West Lake is very beautiful.
→It is known that the West Lake is very
beautiful.
They say that Father Christmas is based on a real person.
→ It is said that Father Christmas is based on a real person.
6. 若encourage, tell, ask, teach等后没有
宾语，就应该想到用被动语态。这些词
后的宾语已经成为被动语态的主语。The man ________ to the hospital at once.
A must send B must sent
C must be sent D must be send
We _______ not to play computer games.
A are told B have told
C told D tell
CA1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom ______ _______ twice a month.EXERCISES are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor.
______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
_______ our work______ _______ today?Were many trees planted Must be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______. We were givenwere given tous10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ______ _____ _________ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students study German in this school.
German ____ ___________ by the students in this school.
15.Do they often talk about this question?
______ this question often _______ about _______ _______? is studiedIs talked by them1)Teenagers should ______________ (allow) to go out at night.
2)The telephone _________________ (invent) by Bell.
3) English ________ (speak) in China.
4) The car ________(make) in China.
5) The room must __________(clean) every day. be allowedwas inventedis spoken is madebe cleaned( ) The flowers ____ every day,
or they’ll die.
A must water B can be watered
C should water D must be watered
( ) Many computers will ___ to our school.
A be bring B be brought C bringDB一般现在时的被动语态：am/are/is + 过去分词 People play football all over the world.
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
Football all over the world
.We ________________________ this term.is playedby peopleare taught (by Mr. Green)一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词4. People built the Great Wall long ago.
5. Two years ago we used the machinesto make shoes for children. The Great Wall
long ago. Two years ago those machines
shoes for children. was built (by people)were used (by us) to make 一般将来时的被动语态：will / be going to + be + 过去分词6. We will write a diary next class.
7. Tom is going to hold a birthday party.A diary_______________________
next class.A birthday party_____________________.
will be written (by us) is going to held by Tom情态动词的被动语态：must/have to/can等 + be + 过去分词8. You must throw the broken pottery(陶器)away at once.
9. We have to finish our homework on time. The broken pottery ____________________________at once. Our homework
.
must be thrown away (by you) has to be finished (by us) on time思考1：将下列的主动句变为被动语态： 10．We gave him some books.
→He _________________________________.
→Some books ________________________.
was given some books (by us) were given to him (by us) 12．I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning.
She_____________________________
in the morning.is usually heard to sing English songs 14．He makes her horse work all day.
Her horse all day.
15. My father let me go out for a picnic.
I out for a picnic.
is made to work was let to go 知 识 运 用一、单项选择：
1. Only thirty-eight ideas by the
newspaper.
A. choose B. chose
C. was chosen D. were chosen
2. As usual, Mei Hua at 6:30 this
morning by her mother to get ready for
school.（2006）
A. has woken up B. woke up
C. wakes up D. was woken up
DD3．A neighbour helped to keep our dog.
It while we were on holiday. (2005)
A. was taken care B. took care of
C. is taken care of D. was taken care of
4. At the end of the meeting Miss
Green two minutes to decide
whether she should join the project or
not. (2004)
A.gave B. had given
C. was given D. was giving
DB 5.Mr. Johnson’s story by
everyone who heard it.(2003)

A.laughed at
B.was laughed
C.laughed
D.was laughed at
D二、请把下面句子改为被动语态1. They showed Jack carefully how to use it.
→Jack ____________________________
carefully how to use it.
2. Beijing will hold the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
→The 29th Olympic
Games _________________________________
in 2008.
was showedwill be held by Beijing3. Miss Deng teaches us English.
→ .
→ .
4.They saw the boy playing basketball at 3:00 yesterday.
→The boy ___________________________
at 3:00 yesterday.
We are taught English by Miss Dengwas seen to play basketballEnglish is taught to us by Miss Deng5.We should make our country become more and more beautiful.
→Our country
____________________________________

more and more beautiful.
should be made to become作业:
1. We held a class meeting last Friday.
2. People speak English in Australia.
3. We should listen to the news carefully.
4. We will grow more vegetables.
5. Feng Xiaogang is going to direct the film.
6. He is mending his bike now.
7. ?Uncle Wang has found the lost boy.
8. They hear a man sing the same song.
9. They hear the man singing a song at 8:00 a.m.
10. They made the boy wait outside the gate.
11. They report that it will be sunny tomorrow.Goodbye!
Class!