2017年中考英语专题复习课件 完形填空解题技巧

课件19张PPT。Skills of Cloze Tests 完形填空解题技巧中考完形填空试题说明
完形填空：共10小题，每小题1分。在一篇150~200词的短文中留出10个空白，要求考生从每题所给的3个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
本部分所需时间约为5分钟左右。 完形填空是一种要求高、综合性强的语言测试题，以阅读为形式，以上下文为线索，以理解能力、词汇知识、语法知识、习惯用法以及分析判断能力为解题基础，是一种较高层次的阅读理解题。
所选题材多样，但都贴近学生的生活实际，具有趣味性、教育性、思想性；体裁多以记叙文为主，也有说明文、议论文等。所选短文其难度略低于阅读理解题的短文。 命题特点及选材特点考查范围（1）词语辨析、基本句型、基础语法;
（2）固定搭配与习惯表达；
（3）阅读理解能力和逻辑推理、判断能力。
近年来，完形填空题单纯考语法的题目很少，越来越侧重对综合语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。其中，词汇运用能力的考查表现为要求考生在一定的语境下表达词汇的语义、词汇的搭配，特别关注上下文的行文逻辑和相互照应。Skill 1：context（上下文、语境） In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _16_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual. 16. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sax√violinviolinSkill 1：context（上下文、语境） Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of 41 are there in the pool?” …. as big as the pool, there is one basket of water…41. A. fish B. flowers C. water D. applesbasket of waterwater√baskets of When we talked, I discovered（发现） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little __44__ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. 44. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later√fiftySkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）forty-fiveSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理） My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said．“My 17 ，Mommy．”
She said，“No．Many people are deaf（聋的）…17. A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head√sounddeaf When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention 48 what he or she is speaking…48. A. for B. of C. with D. to√pay attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）Skill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配） In the morning, the king went to visit the pond. To his surprise, the pond was only filled with water! What happened? Yes! Everyone had the same idea 48 that man. 48. A. with B. to C. as D. of√the sameasSkill 4：grammar analysis（语法分析） As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of people and I should be friendly to them. I think I'll also make many good 25 and live with them, because I don't like living alone. 25. A. friend B. friends C. friends’ D. friends’√manysSkill 5：background knowledge（背景知识） All over the world people swim for fun. Swimming is enjoyed by people of 32 ages, from the very young to the very old. There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools. 32. A. all B. none C. some D. both√完形填空试题的一般解题思路 1．跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。
先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，即了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构，以及情节发展的前因后果 ；通读全文时，尽量避免文章空格的影响，初步搞清文章的大概意思即可。不要纠缠于一句话、一个空，否则会断章取义，进入误区。（时间：3分钟）完形填空试题的一般解题思路2．结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。
在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。 完形填空试题的一般解题思路3．瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。
动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易
后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。 完形填空试题的一般解题思路4．复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。
完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。 Steps of Cloze Tests(完形填空的解题步骤)1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破历届升中考试《完形填空》试题解析☆ 根据 生活常识 进行判断☆ 通过 逻辑推理 进行判断☆ 通过 词义辨异 进行判断☆ 通过 上下文暗示 进行判断☆ 根据句子结构或固定搭配 进行判断Tips to Close Test: 1．注重首、尾句。
2．克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。
3．切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答
案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4．动笔时先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或
类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
5．如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从
语篇(前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。