中考专项复习名词

课件24张PPT。名词考点直击 名词的种类 名词的数 名词的格名词的分类专有名词普通名词个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)
可数名词(Countable Nouns)名词的种类 从上表可以看出，表示人、事物、地点、江河、国家、机构、组织等特有名称的名词叫做专有名词。
★所有专有名词的第一个字母都必须大写。专有名词人名、国名、地名等名称Kate, Jim, Tom
China, France, London
The Great Wall, the Yellow Riverthe Party, WTO, the Greener China组织、机构等名称Chinese, English, Japanese, French…
January, February, March…
Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday…
Christmas, Teachers’ Day…
Dad, Mum, Mr.,Mrs., Miss…语言、月份、星期、节日、称呼等名称名词的数名词
的数可数名词 不可数名词单数复数a, an…规则变化不规则变化改y为i，
再加-es 1、一般情况apple, plane, student, girl…加-sbaby, body, city, country, century, diary, dictionary, family, factory, lady, library, party, story, study, university2、以辅音字母+y结尾address, bus, class, dress, glass(玻璃杯) box, pencil-box, fax, fox brush, wish, match, watch, sandwich3、以 s,x, sh, ch结尾加-eshalf, leaf, thief, shelf, bookshelf
life, knife, wife,4、以 f 或 fe结尾把f 或fe 改为v，再加-esbamboo, kilo, photo, piano, radio, zoo
tomato, potato5、以o结尾加-s加-es1）规则变化2）不规则变化men children
women feet
Englishmen teeth
Englishwomen Chinese
Frenchmen Japanese
policemen deer
policewomen sheep
snowmen fishExercise 2 单词拼写：
Eating too many sweets is bad for our __________(牙齿).
_________(绵羊) feed on grass.
Are there any ___________(警察) in the room?
Look! The children are making some __________(雪人).
Jack and Tom fell off their bikes and hurt their________(脚).
Ten _________(儿童) were ill in the food accident.
__________(日本人) eat a lot of rice and fish.
We saw several ____________(法国人) when we were shopping .
These _________(德国人) caught some _______(鱼) in the river.teethSheeppolicemensnowmenfeetchildrenJapaneseFrenchmenGerm nfish a s e注：German-- Germanshuman-- humans1）不定冠词a /an (表单数时)修饰
2）one, two…等数词修饰
3）few, a few, some, any, several, many, how many, a lot of, lots of, a number of 等修饰
4）“数词+量词+ of+复数名词”的结构表示数量关系a box of apples
a bag of sweets从以上练习可见，可数名词前可用：two boxes of apples
some bags of sweets注：1、不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名称，因此它不可以用a, an, one, two等数词来修饰。但是，它虽不可计数，却可以计量。表示具体的量时，要用 “数词+量词+of+不可数名词”的结构来表示。a drop of water
four glasses of milksix bags of rice
nine pieces of news2、不可数名词还可用“ little,a little, some, any, much,how much, a lot of, lots of, a bit of ”
等词来修饰饮食：其他：不可数名词材料：自然：初中英语中常见的不可数名词归类drink, water, milk, tea, orange(橙汁), juice, coffee, wine, beer, soup, oil, ice, cream, chocolate, food, meat, beef, pork, mutton, chicken, fish(鱼肉), rice, corn, wheat, bread, salt, porridge, sugar, butter, cheese, pepper, fruit等metal, wood, cotton, wool, silk, paper, glass(玻璃), plasticuniverse, earth（泥土), air, fire, light, sand, sunshine, wind, rain, snow, ice, grass, weather等time, news, work, homework, housework, money, knowledge, business, medicine, music, health, trouble, information, fun, sleep等重点再现a bottle of juice
a glass of milk
a bag of rice a pound of bread
a piece of meat
a kilo of chicken2 bottles of juice
3 glasses of milk
4 bags of rice5 pounds of bread
6 pieces of meat
7 kilos of chicken1.不可数名词以容器来计量 如:2.不可数名词以表示数量的单位来计算 如:复数形式复数形式只把容器变复数只把计量单位变复数Exercise 3 选择填空：1.--Thank you for giving me ________ I wanted.
--You are welcome.
A. the information B. an information C. the informations
2. --Kate, have you read today’s newspaper? There_____ in it.
--Not yet. What is it?
A. is an exciting news B. are some exciting news
C. is a piece of exciting news
3. --Help yourself to ______.
--Thanks, Mum. It tastes good.
A. some chickens B. a chicken C. some chicken有些名词虽以s结尾，但在意义上是单数或不可数形式。如： news, maths, physics （物理）中考典型例题分析：To my surprise, most______students in this class became______ doctors after they had finished school.
A. woman, girls B. woman, girl
C. girl, women D. girls, women答案：C。该题考查的是由名词girl和woman修饰名词时的复数形式。一般来说，名词修饰名词时用单数，如： an apple tree----two apple trees ，a girl student– many girl students
但是，当名词为man和woman修饰名词时，如果后面的名词为复数形式，那么man 和woman也要相应用复数形式。如：
a woman doctor（女医生）——many women doctorsa man teacher（男老师）——two men teachers Summary:1、专有名词和普通名词（名词的种类）
2、可数名词和不可数名词
3、可数名词的复数变化形式名词所有格1.________hat looks like a cat. (Lucy)
2.They are the _______ desks. (twin)
3.This shop sells ___________(child) toys.
4.He is __________________father. (Kate and Jim)
5.___________________mothers are in the same factory. (Kate and Jim)#单数名词一般直接加 ’s
#以 s / es 结尾的复数名词加 ’
#不以 s 结尾的复数名词加 ’s
#表示两个或两个以上的人共同所有的事物时,只在最后一个名词上加 ’s
#表示两个或两个以上的人各自所有的事物时,每个名词后都加 ’s,
后面的名词用复数Lucy’stwins’children’sKate and Jim’sKate’s and Jim’s:名词所有格多数用于有生命的物体后,表示所属关系(…的）
1. March 8th is______________.(妇女节)
2. The children are wearing new clothes. __________________(儿童节那天)
3. This is _______________________.
(莉莉和露西的房间）
4. They are ___________________.（莉莉和露西的房间）
5. This new bike is __________________.（我的朋友汤姆的）
6. The old teacher is ___________________.
（是我的一个朋友）
7. The girl in red is __________________.（是我姐姐的一个好朋友）
Women’s Dayon Children’s DayLily and Lucy’s roomLily’s and Lucy’s roomsmy friend, Tom’s a friend of mine/
one of my friends a good friend of my sister’s /
one of my sister’s good friendsⅠ.将下列词组译成英语?
1.三双鞋 ________________________?
2.二十个女教师 ___________________________?
3.两瓶橘汁 ___________________________?
4.Tom父亲的一个朋友 _____________________?
课时训练three pairs of shoestwenty women teacherstwo bottles of orange juicea friend of Tom's father'sExercises:选择填空( )1. I want three ____ white paper.
A. pieces B. piece of C. pieces of
( )2. Do you want to drink much ____ ?
A. a milk B. milk C. milks
( )3. In autumn, you can see a lot of ____ on the ground.
A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves
( )4. My sister has two ____. One is old, the other is new.
A. a watch B. watchs C. watches
C B C C选择填空( )5. They come from Japan. They’re ____.
A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. a Japanese
( )6. Some ____ are coming to help us.
A. peoples B. people C. the people
( )7. The horse has four ____.
A. feet B. feets C. foots
( ) 8.The boy hurt one of his _____, so he couldn’t walk any longer.
A. teeth B. hands C. feet D. ears
ACBA Thank you.
Goodbye!