2018届高考英语一轮复习课件（人教版）：必修5 Unit 1 Great Scientists

课件58张PPT。话题词汇
1.creative adj.富有创造力的
2.determination n.决心
3.humorous adj.幽默的
4.independent adj.独立的
5.profession n.职业
6.qualification n.资格；学历
7.be honored as被誉为……
8.be active in积极从事于
9.be admitted into a key university考上重点大学
10.think highly/well of对……高度评价晨背佳作 积累素材 话题佳作
请你结合下面要点提供的信息，给某英语晚报写一篇新闻报道，简单介绍研究油菜花的父子农民科学家。要点如下：
1.沈克泉、沈昌健是湖南一对普通的农民父子；
2.40年前，沈克泉立志培育出优质杂交油菜(hybrid rape)；
3.父子二人靠自学、肉眼观察、记录和总结规律，经1 000多次实验后培育出优质品种；
4.“油菜花父子”用实际行动证明农民也能变成科学家。佳作欣赏
Shen Kequan and his son Shen Changjian who used to be two common farmers in Hunan Province have become famous because they developed hybrid rape with good quality.40 years ago Shen Kequan made up his mind to cultivate a kind of good hybrid rape.To reach his goal，the farmer together with his son taught themselves agriculture knowledge，observed the rape with their eyes，kept records and drew conclusions themselves.Although they hadn’t got professional education，they used their way to find out how to solve the problems they met.Finally，they produced a kind of hybrid rape with excellent quality after more than 1,000 experiments.The father and his son’s achievement tells us that farmers can also become scientists.名师点睛
文章结构如下：(1)指出文章要介绍的人物及事件——农民父子(沈克泉、沈昌健)培育出优质杂交油菜。(2)围绕要点进行细节报道：①40年前立志要培育出优质油菜；②自学、观察、记录、总结；③1 000多次实验后终于成功。(3)总结性评价——农民也能成为科学家。文中出现了定语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、宾语从句等复杂句式和used to be，make up one’s mind，teach oneself，draw conclusions等高级词汇，增强了文章的说服力。自主排查　语境提升直击重点　突破考点内容索引教材升华　综合运用自主排查　语境提升Ⅰ.写作必记单词
1. vt.& vi.结束；推断出
n.结论；结束
2. vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
3. vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的
4. vt.治疗；治愈
n.治愈；痊愈；疗法concludeconclusionattendexposeexposedcure15. n.挑战
vt.向……挑战
adj.挑战性的
6. vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
adj.专心致志的
7. vt.认为；怀疑
n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
8. vt.责备；谴责
n.过失；责备challengechallengingabsorbabsorbedsuspectblame9. vt.污染；弄脏
adj.被污染的
n.污染
10. vt.宣布；通告
n.宣布；通告
11. vt.命令；指示；教导
n.命令；指示
12. vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
n.贡献；捐助pollutepollutedpollutionannounceannouncementinstructinstructioncontributecontributionⅡ.阅读识记单词
13.characteristic n.___________
14.scientific adj.________
n.科学家
15.analyse vt.______
16.defeat vt.
n._____
17.expert n.
adj._________________________
18.physician n._______________特征；特性科学的scientist分析打败；战胜；使受挫失败专家；行家熟练的；经验或知识丰富的医生；内科医师19.enquiry n._____
vt.询问
20.severe adj._________________________
21.foresee vt.____________
22.handle n. __________
vt.__________
23.link vt.& n.__________
24.certainty n.___________
25.responsible adj._________________
n.责任询问enquire严重的；剧烈的；严厉的预见；预知柄；把手处理；操纵连接；联系确信；确实有责任的；负责的responsibility26.construct vt.建设；修建
n.建设；建筑物
27.positive adj._______________________
28.spin vt.&vi.____________________
29.enthusiastic adj.______________
n.热情，热心
30.cautious adj._______________
adv.小心地
n.谨慎
31.reject vt.__________________
32.universe n.___________construction积极的；肯定的；确实的(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)热情的；热心的enthusiasm小心的；谨慎的cautiouslycaution拒绝；不接受；抛弃宇宙；世界语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]
1.To return to the problem of water (pollute)，I’d like you to
look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江)
2.Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and
jumping to false (conclude).(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
3.Group exercise is (challenge)，yet fun and empowering！
(2015·福建)
4.Individuals can reduce their (contribute) by creating less
waste at the start—for instance，buying reusable products and
recycling.(2015·江苏)pollutionconclusionschallengingcontribution5.It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the
clear and supervision(监管) of a fitness_________.
(instruct) (2015·福建)
6.It is a truth finally and (universe) acknowledged that a
single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to
men.instructioninstructoruniversally1. 提出
2. 得出结论
3. 使显露；暴露
4. 该为……受责备；应为……承担责任
5. 将……和……联系或连接起来
6. 对……作出贡献
7. 除……之外；此外
8. 对……严格的
9. 导致
10. 讲得通；有意义2put forwarddraw a conclusionexpose...tobe to blame forlink...to...make contributions toapart from(be) strict with...lead tomake sense语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]
Madame Curie and Pierre Curie were absorbed in the research into radioactive matter，which 1. (导致) the discovery of radium and polonium.Meanwhile，they 2. (提出) some new theories about radioactivity.In 1903，they were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.Madame Curie 3. (对……作出巨大贡献) the development of science，but money and reputation 4. (没意义) to her.She died of leukemia because she 5. (暴露于)radioactive substance.led toput forwardmade great contributions tomade no sensewas exposed to1.neither...nor...
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
遛狗时，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。
仿写　我们和动物一样离不开水，农业和工业也离不开水。
We，as well as animals，cannot live without water and ________________ can go without it.3neither agriculturenor industry2.every time引导时间状语从句
So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。
仿写　每当他结束一天(工作)到家时，我们都在门口迎接他。(2016·浙江)
，we’d greet him at the door.Every time he arrived home at the end of the day3.suggest后跟从句用虚拟语气
To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
仿写　一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。(2016·全国Ⅱ)
Some classmates suggest nearby. we (should) go to places of interest直击重点　突破考点边讲边练　突破核心词汇自主训练　突破常考词汇点拨规律　突破经典句型(1)Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full.
研究者推断出当法国人感到吃饱的时候往往会不再吃了。(2014·陕西)
(2)What do you from the evidence you’ve heard?
从你听到的证据中你得出什么结论？conclude v.断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止conclusionsdraw突破核心词汇边讲
边练(1)conclude sth. with...就某事与某人达成协议；以……结束
conclude sth. from...从……推断出……
(2)conclusion n.结论；推论
arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论
in conclusion总之；最后基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)He concluded his speech a famous saying.
(2)What can we conclude Stafford’s research?
(3) conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
写作能力提升——[一句多译]
(4)从以上讨论可以得出两个结论。
①Two conclusions the above discussion.
②There are two conclusions the above discussion.withfromIncan be drawn fromto be drawn from 层级训练(1)His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab，it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.
他的研究表明，当知更鸟晚上暴露在实验室里的光下时，会导致一些基因在一天中错误的时刻活跃。(2015·四川)
(2)These units children many viewpoints of a given issue.
这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。expose v.使置身于危险中；暴露；揭露；使曝光exposedtoexpose sth./sb./oneself to...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……
be exposed to暴露于；经受……基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)The newspaper exposed his secret the public.
(2) (expose) to advertisements is annoying，but it can be pleasant sometimes.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(3)Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.
① will be harmful to your skin.(用动名词短语作主语改写)
② ，you will get your skin harmed.
(用if省略句改写)toBeing exposedExposing yourself to the sunlight for too longIf exposed to the sunlight for too long 层级训练(4)He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.
(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)
，he was ill.Exposed to the rain and wind last night(1)When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead，they absorb large quantities of lead.
当秃鹰吃了其他含铅动物的尸体时，它们吸收了很多铅。(2016·北京)
(2)Plants absorb carbon dioxide the air and moisture the soil.
植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；
使并入，吞并fromfromabsorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
be absorbed in全神贯注于
be absorbed by/into被……吞并(吸引)表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus one’s attention on，devote...to，concentrate one’s mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)When deeply (absorb) in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
(2)Most little shops have been absorbed big businesses.
(3)After (absorb) enough water，the plants grow well.
(4) (absorb) in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.(2015·天津)absorbedinto/byabsorbingAbsorbed 层级训练写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(5)He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.
(用形容词短语作状语改写)
Absorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep. (1)If you fail the exam，you’ll only have yourself to blame.
你若考试不及格，只能怪自己。(牛津词典)
(2)Everybody knows that he this.
人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。blame v.把……归咎于，责怪，指责
n.过失；责任；责备，指责is to blame forblame sb. for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
accept/bear/take the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上(1)blame责备，谴责；归咎于，归罪于(on)。常用于blame sb.for sth.因某事指责某人；blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人。
(2)charge控告；谴责。常用于charge sb. with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。
(3)accuse控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accuse sb. of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。blame，charge，accuse基础知识训练——[用blame，charge，accuse的正确形式填空]
(1)She was said to have been with drunk driving.
(2)I was told that he was of murder.
(3)It is obvious that you are to for the accident.
写作能力提升——[一句多译]
(4)他把考试失败归咎于老师。
① (blame...on)
② (blame...for)
③ (blame n.)charged accusedblameHe blamed the failure of his exam on the teacher.He blamed the teacher for the failure of his exam.He put/laid the blame for the failure of his exam on the teacher. 层级训练(1)We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.
我们并不是说每个人都要把一生用来帮助穷人。(2016·四川)
(2)Would you like to the hospital building fund?
你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？contribute v.捐献；捐助；是……的原因之一；贡献；投稿make contributions/a contribution to(1)contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to有助于；导致；把(时间)投入到……；捐款；投稿
(2)make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献；捐款基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)We hope your suggestion will contribute to (solve) the problem.
(2)I suggest that you develop the daily habit of acknowledging others and praising them for any (contribute) that they make to your life.
(3)Her family have contributed 50,000 the fund.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(4)Various factors contributed to his downfall.
Various factors
his downfall.solvingcontributiontoresulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused/broughtabout 层级训练(1) Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant’s stomach，the forest was silent.
除了偶尔来自大象胃里的噪音外，森林里寂静无声。(2014·重庆)
(2) a severe fright，Mr. White was uninjured.apart/aside from除……之外；此外Aside from除了(受到了)严重惊吓之外，怀特先生并没有受伤。
表示“除……之外”的短语还有：
(1)besides＝in addition to除……之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。
(2)except除……外(都)……，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体、肯定或否定意义的词连用。
(3)except for除……以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。apart/aside from 作“除……之外”，既等于but，except，也可和besides。基础知识训练——[用besides，except，except for，apart from填空]
(1)All the students took part in the sports meeting Tom.
(2)We need three more chairs these two.
(3) the ending，it’s a really good film.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(4)No one apart from her husband knew about her job.
No one her husband knew about her job.
(5)Apart from French，he also has to study Japanese.
French，he also has to study Japanese.except/apart frombesides/apart fromApart from/Except forbut/exceptIn addition to/Besides 层级训练(1)It just doesn’t make sense—why would she do a thing like that?
这真是无法解释——她为什么会做出这样的事情？(朗文词典)
(2)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly
any them at all.
这篇文章有那么多生词，我根本不理解它们的意义。make sense 讲得通；有意义makesense ofmake sense of弄懂……的意思；理解,
make no sense没道理；没意义
in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上
in no sense决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)
There’s no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1) makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
(2)There is no sense in (force) yourself to get what you don’t want.
(3)It is necessary to explain your theory at length，otherwise the audience won’t make sense what you are trying to get across.
(4)What you say is true in sense.
写作能力提升——[句式升级]
(5)I in no sense agree with this suggestion.(改为倒装句)
ItforcingofaIn no sense do I agree with this suggestion. 层级训练[写出下列句子中attend to的汉语意思]
(1)Attend to your work and stop talking. _____
(2)The nurses were attending to the injured man. ___________
(3)He took a short leave of absence to attend to personal business.____
(4)Mind you，face forward and attend to the teacher！ ____attend v.出席，参加；照料，护理；处理，对付专心照顾，护理处理倾听突破常考词汇自主训练　[单句语法填空]
(5)—Would you like to join us in the game?
—I’m afraid not，for I have something important (attend) to.
(6)You must attend your work.
(7)You have missed several (attend) this term.to attendtoattendances在attend school/class/church短语中，名词school/class/church前不带冠词。基础知识训练——[写出下列句子中put forward的汉语意思]
(1)Put your watch forward；it’s five minutes slow. ____
(2)I think he is fit for the position；therefore，I’ll put him forward as a candidate. ____
(3)They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. __________
(4)Over the years several similar theories have been put forward. ____put forward提议，提出；拿出；推荐；将……提前；拨快(钟表)拨快推荐将……提前提出写作能力提升——[一句多译]
(5)我们的英语老师提出了学英语的一些好的建议。
①Our English teacher some good suggestions on English learning.
②Our English teacher some good suggestions on English learning.
③Our English teacher some good suggestions on English learning.put forwardcame up withraisedput forward提议，提出，相当于come up with，raise。(1)In autumn，it’s neither too hot nor too cold.
在秋天，气温既不太热也不太冷。(2014·天津)(2) the meeting that is due tomorrow.
或者你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。Either you or one of your students is to attend句型：neither...nor...突破经典句型点拨规律　基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]
(1)Neither I nor Jane and Mary (be) tired of having one examination after another.We really don’t want to go to school.
(2)Not his words but the expression in his eyes (hurt) my feelings.
写作能力提升——[同义句改写]
(3)Henry won’t see a film tonight.His girlfriend Helen won’t，either.
Henry his girlfriend Helen will see a film tonight.arehurtsNeithernor 层级训练(4)The nurses are very kind to the patients; the doctor is very kind to the patients，too.
the nurses the doctor is very kind to the patients. Not onlybut also教材升华　综合运用Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
John Snow，a well-known doctor in London，became 1.________
(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2.______
(expose) to cholera，a 3. (dead) disease of his day.
Thousands of people died every time there was an outbreak 4. no one knew the cause of it.John wanted to help solve 5. problem.inspiredwere exposeddeadlybecausetheHe got interested in two theories 6. (explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory that suggested that people 7. (absorb) the disease with their meals.In 1854,8. another outbreak hit London，he was ready to test the two theories.9. the help of the map he made，he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10. (blame).explainingabsorbedwhenWithto blameⅡ.教材与短文改错
There was time when the powerful Christian Church believed God had made the world.It was because that reason that the earth was thought to be the centre of the solar system.Copernicus had thought long and hardly about it and tried to find an answer. But ，all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion what the earth was not the centre of the solar system.∧
a∧
ofhardHoweverthatWhen he placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system，the movement of the other planets made the sense.The Christian Church rejects his theory.But her theory is now the basis on that all our ideas of the universe are built.movementsrejectedhiswhichⅢ.教材与微写作
写作素材 (关于医学)
1.布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。
2.专家用一切办法企图治愈他。
3.最后他们宣布病毒被打败了。
4.但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。
5.人们说这种病毒该受责备。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词短语作状语，宾语从句等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Being exposed to a deadly virus，Black was severely ill.Experts used all the ways to cure him.Finally they announced that the virus was defeated but he needed attending before he was fully recovered.People said that the virus was to blame.