阅读理解考情链接
阅读理解是高考英语试卷中的语言运用题，旨在检查高中生在阅读中的语感：特别是在阅读过程中获取和处理信息的能力。
《考试说明》对阅读理解的要求做了明确的规定，阅读理解部分主要测试考生以下能力：
1．掌握所读材料的主旨和大意：
2．了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节：
3．根据上下文判断大纲附表以外的某些词汇和短语的意义：
4．既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的逻辑关系：
5．根据所读材料进行一定的判断，推理和引申：
6．正确领会作者的观点和态度。
阅读理解常考的题材：
发展报告，农业报告，经济报告．环境报告，科学报告，教育报告，健康报告，新闻科学，自然灾害，医学（如瘟疫等疾病），战争，旅游、交通，人物传记、人物特写，故事，探索，语言、语言掌故，音乐、体育与娱乐，文学、艺术，历史、考古、文物出土，英语国家的文化习俗、人口、地理、建设、历史、社会、科技等概况。
一.
近三年高考新课标试卷阅读理解的考点统计
试卷类型考查内容
题目类型
问题类型
总字数
细节
主旨
推断
词义
人物叙述
广告应用
社会文化
科普知识
生态自然
2016
新课标
11
1
2
1
1
1
2
1638
新课标Ⅱ
7
1
5
2
2
1
1
1556
新课标Ⅲ
7
1
5
2
1
1
2
1538
2015
新课标
9
0
5
2
1
1
1
1
新课标Ⅱ
7
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
2014
新课标
8
0
6
1
1
2
1
1629
新课标Ⅱ
8
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1629
分析近三年的额高考试题并结合该题型的命题规律可知，近几年的高考英语试卷仍保持了“稳中有变，变中求新，立足语篇”的基本命题思路。在阅读理解方面主要考查考生理解主旨要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断词义、根据短文判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图与态度等方面的能力。高考阅读理解试题有如下的一些特点：
1.
设题创新化
高考英语阅读理解着重检测考生对语篇的整体把握能力、根据所提供的语境进行语篇分析的能力以及综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力。在近几年的高考中，涉及较低能力要求的事实性和细节性考题的比例虽呈上升趋势，但词义猜测、推理判断和主旨概括等深层次试题仍占很大比重。
体裁多元化
就体裁而言，阅读材料所选择的文段涉及叙述体、论说体和应用体等多种文体；既注重题材的多样化、现代化和生活化，又较为综合地反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面，贴近生活，贴近时代，体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念。
内容地道生活化
阅读材料基本保留了其原有的语言风格，文章的展开不再是平铺直叙，而是兼有倒叙、插叙等多种方式；一词多义、熟词生义、多种时态的混用、结构复杂的长句、省略句以及插入语等语言现象比较常见。阅读材料的文化含量加大，文章的行文风格更具英语语言的特点，文章的遣词造句也更加地道，许多考生通常要反复阅读几遍才能读懂。
二．基本题型
基本题型及题形特征
主旨大意题
主要考察学生对所读材料中心思想的概括。其考察形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想或目的大意等；
细节理解题
主要考察考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有：事实认定题、排序题、图形辨认题、数字运算题；
推理判断题
主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题；
判断词义题
主要考察考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义能力。要求从句子结构、段落、文章中推断或根据构词法推断词义。
三．解题技巧
1.
理解与速度
考生要处理好理解与速度的关系。答题时要力求情绪平稳，不要一味追求速度而影响理解的准确性；不要拘泥于一词一句的理解；不要遇到不懂的地方就反复读，影响阅读速度。比较好的阅读方法是边看边想边理解。遇到生词或看不懂的地方先做个记号，继续看下去，因为一些疑难点往往会在下文中得到解决。
关于阅读速度，难度中等的文章应为每分钟60个单词左右；难度较低、生词不超过总词汇量20％的材料，阅读速度应为每分钟70个单词左右。一般来说，“超纲”而又影响阅读理解的词汇都会用中文标出词义。只有保证了阅读的速度才有可能在规定时间内完成阅读、复读及答题的任务。
2.
阅读训练方式
在训练方式方面要力求多样化。常见的阅读训练方式有：掠读、寻读、精读和泛读等。在掠读、寻读时要掌握查阅的技巧。查阅时考生应迅速找到某一特定信息在短文中的位置，并以这个位置为中心，扩展到上文和下文，寻求正确答案。考生要学会用扫视的方法寻找信息。扫视时，眼睛要纵向而不是横向移动。运用扫视来扩大视觉范围能帮助考生又快又准确地捕捉到想要查找的信息。
考生应根据阅读目的选择阅读方式，调整阅读速度，合理分配阅读时间。
3.
生词处理
考生在阅读时一定会碰上生词或记不清楚的词汇。遇到这种情况时，考生可以通过上下文猜测词义。具体方法如下：
（1）根据生词前后词汇的意思或整个句子的意思来猜测生词。例如：
The
old
man
put
on
his
spectacles
and
began
to
read.
根据句子后部分began
to
read可以猜出spectacle的意思为‘“眼镜”。
（2）根据语法知识和标点符号来猜测生词。例如：
They
will
be
on
the
night
shift---from
midnight
to
6
a.
m.
---next
week.
此句两个破折号之间的部分表明night
shift是“夜班”的意思。
（3）根据说明词义的定语从句来猜测生词。例如：
The
type
of
meter
is
called
multi-meter,
which
is
used
to
measure
electricity.
从上句中的定语从句可以推断出multi-meter是“万能表”的意思。
（4）根据已知事实细节来猜测生词。例如：
The
family
had
just
moved
and
the
young
woman
was
feeling
a
little
melancholy
on
that
Sunday
in
May.
After
all,
it
was
Mother’s
day
and
800
miles
separated
her
from
her
parents
in
another
state
far
away.
根据上下文的陈述，“刚刚搬家，远离父母，正好是星期天，又是母亲节，而两代人却天各一方”等事实，可以推断出年轻妻子当时忧郁、伤感的心情，并由此猜测出生词melancholy的意思。
（5）学会只猜测生词的大概意思，而不必追求其准确含义。例如：
The
Asian
gibbon,
like
other
apes,
is
especially
adapted
for
life
in
trees.
在这句话中，考生只要猜出自gibbon是apes（类人猿）的一种就行了，毋须知道其准确意思。
（6）运用构词法判断生词的词义，也是提高阅读速度的一种技巧。考生可以通过已知的
词缀（包括前缀和后缀）和词根就能猜测生词的含义。例如，单词telescope由前缀tele（意思是far）和scope（意思是instrument
for
seeing
or
observing）构成，整个单词的意思是“望远镜”。为了熟练使用构词法知识猜测生词，考生在平时应多积累词缀以及词根方面的知识。
4.
利用信号词进行预测和推测
在阅读过程中，为了既迅速又准确地理解文章的含义，利用信号词预测非常重要。信号词可以揭示句子内在关系或文章各部分之间的关系（见下表）。特别是在快速阅读时，它能帮助考生预测文章信息，提高阅读速度。
部分信号词及其所预示的信息
however,
on
the
contrary,
although等
信号词引出的内容是与上文相反的论述，或作者不同的观点
similarly,
equally,
also,
besides,
furthermore,
in
other
words等
下文与前面所讲内容相同或相似
for
example,
for
instance等
具体例证，说明上文中的论点
for
one
thing,
on
the
other
hand等
下文还有另外一方面
in
a
word,
in
short等
后面的句子是对上文的总结
actually,
in
fact,
the
point
is
…,
a
study
survey
found/
showed/proved
that
…等
后面的句子往往是作者想要表达和强调的内容或观点
此外，在利用信号词进行预测时，考生还需注意以下三点：
（1）遇到预示前后内容相同或相近，或者补充说明的信号词时，可以适当加快阅读速度，或借此推测生词的词义。
（2）文中出现的频率较高的实词可以帮助考生确定文章的主旨大意。
（3）出现代词I,
we,
my,
our,
转折词but,
however,
yet，情态动词must,
should,
ought
to,
连词although,
though。其后所述内容与刚提到的内容相反，或暗示作者的观点和态度等信号词时，要放慢阅读速度，因为其附近的信息往往是命题和答题的主要线索或依据。
【小试牛刀】
（2017届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟考试英语试卷）One
of
the
strangest
features
of
motherhood
is
that
the
vast
majority
of
mothers
prefer
to
cradle
their
babies
in
the
left
arm.
Why
should
this
be
The
obvious
explanation
is
that
the
majority
of
mothers
are
right
handed
and
they
wish
to
keep
their
right
handed
and
they
wish
to
keep
their
right
hand
free.
Unfortunately,
this
explanation
cannot
apply,
because
left-handed
mothers
also
favor
their
left
arm
for
holding
their
babies.
The
precise
figures
arc
83
percent
for
right-handed
mothers
and
73
percent
for
left-handed
mothers.
The
most
likely
explanation
is
that
the
mother's
heart
is
on
the
left
side
and,
by
holding
the
baby
in
her
left
arm,
she
is
unconsciously
bringing
her
baby
closer
to
the
sound
of
the
heart-beat.
This
is
the
sound
the
baby
heard
when
it
was
inside
the
mother’s
womb
and
which
is
therefore
an
association
with
peace,
comfort
and
security.
Tests
were
carried
out
in
nurseries
where
some
babies
were
played
the
recorded
sound
of
a
human
heart
beat,
and,
sure
enough,
went
to
sleep
twice
as
quickly
as
the
others.
We
also
know
that
the
sound
of
mother's
heart
is
quite
audible
inside
the
womb
and
that
the
unborn
baby
has
a
well-developed
hearing.
It
is
interesting
that
fathers
show
less
of
this
left-side
bias
(偏爱)
than
mothers,
suggesting
that
the
human
female
is
better
programmed
than
her
partner
for
carrying
a
baby.
Alternatively，she
may
unconsciously
adjust
her
holding
behavior
to
make
baby
fell
more
secure.
Some
new
observations
on
our
closest
animals’
relatives,
the
chimpanzees
and
gorillas,
have
revealed
that
they
too
show
a
strong
bias
for
holding
their
babies
on
the
left
side.
The
precise
figures
were
84
percent
for
chimpanzees
and
82
percent
for
gorillas,
remarkably
close
to
the
human
percentages.
Recently
a
possible
additional
value
in
cradling
babies
on
the
left
side
has
been
suggested.
It
has
been
pointed
out
that,
because,
the
two
sides
of
the
brain
are
concerned
with
different
aspects
of
behavior,
it
is
possible
that
the
mother,
in
cradling
the
baby
to
her
left,
is
showing
the
baby
her
“best
side”.
It
is
claimed
that
the
emotions
are
expressed
more
strongly
on
the
left
side
of
the
human
face
and
that
she
therefore
gives
the
baby
a
better
chance
to
read
her
emotional
mood
changes
as
it
gazes
up
at
her.
Furthermore,
the
mother’s
left
eye
and
ear
are
more
tuned
into
emotional
changes
in
her
baby
than
her
right
eye
and
ear
would
be.
So
in
addition
to
the
baby’s
seeing
the
more
expressive
parts
of
its
mother,
there
is
further
advantage
that
the
mother
is
herself
more
sensitive
to
the
left-held
baby.
This
may
sound
far-fetched,
but
just
possibly,
it
could
provide
a
slight
extra
benefit
for
those
mothers
displaying
the
strange
one-sided
bias
when
cradling
their
infants.
How
does
a
bias
occur
Do
the
mothers
have
an
instinctive
preference
for
it,
or
do
they
learn
it
by
trial
and
error,
unconsciously
adjusting
the
position
of
the
babies
until
the
babies
are
calmer
The
surprising
answer
is
that
it
seems
to
be
the
baby
not
the
mother
who
controls
the
bias.
Observation
of
new
born
infants
when
they
were
only
a
few
hours
old
revealed
that
they
come
into
the
world
with
a
pre-programmed
tendency
to
turn
their
head
to
the
right.
If
the
new
born
baby
is
gently
held
in
a
dead
central
position
and
then
released,
it
naturally
swings
to
the
right
far
more
often
than
to
the
left.
This
happens
in
nearly
70
percent
of
babies.
This
may
be
only
a
part
of
explanation,
because
the
holding
bias
is
80
percent
not
70
percent,
but
it
adds
a
further
intriguing
chapter
to
the
story.
1．How
does
the
author
develop
Paragraph
1
A.
By
giving
an
example
as
a
hook.
B.
By
giving
a
general
statement
and
narrowing
it
down.
C.
By
asking
a
question
and
showing
an
answer.
D.
By
explaining
the
importance
of
understanding
a
phenomenon.
2．The
underlined
word
“audible”
in
Paragraph
3
means
________.
A.
soft
B.
clear
C.
weak
D.
distant
3．What’s
the
main
idea
of
Paragraph
5
A.
The
left
side
of
the
human
face
expresses
emotions
more
strongly
than
the
right.
B.
A
mother’s
left
eye
and
ear
are
more
sensitive
to
the
emotional
changes
in
her
baby.
C.
A
baby
may
be
more
able
to
“read”
its
mother’s
emotions
than
was
previously
believed.
D.
Holding
her
baby
in
the
left
arm
may
improve
a
mother’s
emotional
communication
with
it.
4．What
is
the
author’s
tone
when
he
discusses
why
most
mothers
cradle
their
babies
in
the
left
arm
A.
Cautious.
B.
Disapproving.
C.
Subjective.
D.
Favorable.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了大多数母亲都喜欢用左手抱孩子。以一问一答开始进入话题，介绍了目前对于这种现象的一些解释，还举了黑猩猩、大猩猩的例子进一步解释了这种现象。
1．【答案】C
2．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由第三段We
also
know
that
the
sound
of
mother's
heart
is
quite
audible
inside
the
womb
and
that
the
unborn
baby
has
a
well-developed
hearing.可知，胎儿的听力很发达可以推测出在子宫内心跳的声音很清晰。故选B。
3．【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。由第五段It
is
claimed
that
the
emotions
are
expressed
more
strongly
on
the
left
side
of
the
human
face
and
that
she
therefore
gives
the
baby
a
better
chance
to
read
her
emotional
mood
changes
as
it
gazes
up
at
her.（据称，情感更强烈地表达在人脸的左侧，因此，她给了孩子一个更好的机会来阅读她的情绪变化，因为孩子盯着她。）可知，本段主要讲述用左手抱孩子可能可以增进与孩子的情感交流。故选D。
4．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。文中用了很多副词，比如The
most
likely、may、possible、seems等等，说明作者对于这一现象的解释很谨慎。A.
Cautious小心谨慎的；B.
Disapproving反对的；C.
Subjective主观的；D.
Favorable喜欢的，故选A。七选五信息匹配感悟高考
Passage
1
(2016·浙江卷)
Five
Things
Nobody
Told
Me
about
College
As
I
type
this
,
I
am
in
my
university
dorm
room.
A
year
ago,
when
I
was
awaiting
to
hear
the
results
of
my
college
applications,
I
often
went
to
websites
for
some
type
of
insider
look
on
what
college
would
be
like.
However,
there’s
only
so
much
that
prep
books,
websites,
and
older
friends
can
teach.
Here
are
the
top
5things
nobody
told
me
about
college:
61
Nobody
entering
a
university
knows
exactly
what
they
want
to
study.
If
they
tell
you
otherwise,
they’re
lying
and
will
probably
change
what
they
want
to
purse
within
the
first
quarter
of
attendance
.
During
my
first
quarter
at
University
of
California,
Riverside
(UCR),I
thought
that
I
wanted
to
study
Political
Science
with
its
focus
on
International
Affairs,
so
that’s
what
I
applied
for.
However,
once
I
worked
with
statewide
and
local
government,
I
realized
that
a
better
fit
for
me
would
be
Public
Policy,
and
now
I
am
in
the
process
of
changing
my
area.
62
In
college,
there
are
so
many
good
chances
for
you
to
meet
your
expectations.
However,
there
is
a
very
important
difference
between
wanting
to
do
something
and
applying
for
something.
In
order
for
you
to
take
advantage
of
the
conferences,
research,
internships
,and
fellowships
that
your
university
offers,
apply!
Step
into
your
academic
advisor’s
office,
introduce
yourself,
and
begin
making
the
valuable
connections
that
are
necessary
to
help
during
the
rest
of
your
college
career.
Great
things
happen
when
you
step
out
of
your
comfort
zone,
and
you
would
be
surprised
on
how
many
chances
exist
if
you
just
ask.
63
College
is
where
you
meet
your
birdesmaids,
neighbors,
and
potential
bosses.
The
relationships
you
develop
now
will
probably
be
linked
to
the
ones
you
value
later,
so
be
wise
about
the
people
who
you
invest
yourself
in
.
You
are
only
one
person,
and
you
do
not
have
time
to
waste
on
people
who
would
rather
cause
drama
or
mess
up
with
your
purpose.
Surround
yourself
with
uplifting
individuals
who
challenge
you
to
be
better
while
loving
you
for
who
you
are,
and
be
patient
to
the
people
who
are
the
complete
opposite
of
that
description.
64
As
a
first-year,
I
was
afraid
to
make
any
noise
towards
campus
issues
that
I
noticed.
It
was
not
until
I
became
involved
in
student
government
that
I
gained
the
confidence
to
handle
projects
that
I
created
with
the
help
of
ASUCR
Office
of
the
President.
During
my
first
quarter,
I
spoke
directly
to
the
Chancellor,
asking
him
for
support
towards
my
initiavives,
met
with
the
Vive
Chancellors,
and
coorerated
with
my
teaching
assistances
to
begin
my
undergraduate
research
protect.
Nothing
good
will
happen
when
you
are
silent.
65
At
my
high
school,
there
were
about
only
four
active
club
and
organizations
that
students
could
be
a
part
of.
Imagine
my
surprise
when
I
stepped
foot
onto
UCR’s
campus,
where
over
400
organizations
exist,
ranging
from
political
organizations
to
karate
club.
You
are
not
paying
all
or
your
tuition(学费)to
merely
go
to
class,
study,pass
tests
and
graduate.
Make
something
worthy
out
of
your
experience.
Create
that
you
will
want
to
tell
your
grandchildren
one
day.
It
all
begins
here,
by
signing
up
to
join
an
organization.
A.
Get
involved
in
student
activities
B.
Your
voice
is
actually
super
important
C.
There
is
a
significant
increase
of
opportunities
D.
Stay
in
active
communication
with
your
friends
E.
Get
smart
about
the
people
who
you
spend
your
time
with
F.
Your
major
does
not
matter
as
much
in
your
first
of
college
【语篇导读】本文介绍了主要介绍了大学里所不知道的五件事情。
61.
【答案】F
62.
【答案】C
【解析】根据本段的in
college,there
are
so
any
good
chances
for
you
to
meet
your
expecttation可知，这段主要介绍了：机会会不断增加。故选C。
63.
【答案】E
【解析】根据本段的句子The
relationships
you
develop
now
will
probably
be
linked
to
the
ones
you
value
later,
so
be
wise
about
the
people
who
you
invest
yourself
in
.可知，这段主要介绍了：对于在一起的人要理性一些。故选E。
64.
【答案】B
【解析】根据本段的句子Nothing
good
will
happen
when
you
are
silent.可知，这段主要介绍了：你说的话实际上非常重要。故选B。
考点：考查段落大意
65.
【答案】A
Passage2
(2016·四川卷)
Both
men
and
women
are
living
longer
these
days
in
industrialized
countries.
36
In
general,
they
can
expect
to
live
six
or
seven
years
more
than
men.
One
reason
for
this
is
biological.
One
important
biological
factor
that
helps
women
live
longer
is
the
difference
in
hormones
between
men
and
women.
37
Between
the
ages
of
about
12
and
50,
women
produce
hormones
that
are
involved
in
fertility(生育能力).
These
hormones
also
have
a
positive
effect
on
the
heart
and
blood
flow.
In
fact,
women
are
less
likely
to
have
high
blood
pressure
or
to
die
from
heart
attacks.
38 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.39 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 40
A．However, women, on average, live longer.
B .The biological factor plays an important part.
C. Women are also helped by their female genes.
D. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.
E. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.
F. Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.
G. Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control carious body functions.
【语篇导读】女性比男性寿命长的原因。
36.【答案】A
【解析】根据空格下一句：一般说女性比男性多活6导7年可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长，故选A
.
37.【答案】D
【解析】根据空格上句：男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性寿命更长可知磁控的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体生产的控制各种身体功能的化学物质，故选G.
38.【答案】D
【解析】根据下文：他们帮主身体本身抵抗各种感染可知磁控的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另外一种方法保护身体，故选D.
39．【答案】C
40.【答案】
E
【解析】根据空格前两句：一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向可知符合题意，故选E。
Passage3
(2016·北京卷)
The
Science
of
Risk-Seeking
Sometimes
We
decide
that
a
little
unnecessary
danger
is
worth
it
because
when
we
weigh
the
risk
and
the
reward,
the
risk
seems
worth
taking.
71
Some
of
us
enjoy
activities
that
would
surprise
and
scare
the
rest
of
us.
Why
Experts
say
it
may
have
to
do
with
how
our
brains
work.
The
reason
why
any
of
us
take
any
risks
at
all
might
have
to
do
with
early
humans.
Risk-takers
were
better
at
hunting,
fighting,
or
exploring.
72
As
the
quality
of
Risk-taking
was
passed
from
on
ration
to
the
next,
humans
ended
up
with
a
sense
of
adventure
and
a
tolerance
for
risk.
So
why
aren’t
we
all
jumping
out
of
airplanes
then
Well,
even
200,000
years
ago,
too
much
risk-taking
could
get
one
Killed.
A
few
daring
survived,
though,
along
with
a
few
stay-in-the-cave
types.
As
a
result,
humans
developed
a
range
of
character
types
that
still
exists
today.
So
maybe
you
love
car
racing,
or
maybe
you
hate
it.
73
No
matter
where
you
are
on
the
risk-seeking
range,
scientists
say
that
your
willingness
to
take
risks
increases
during
your
teenage
years.
74
To
help
you
do
that,
your
brain
increases
your
hunger
for
new
experiences.
New
experiences
often
mean
taking
some
risks,
so
your
brain
raises
your
tolerance
for
risk
as
well.
Mean
taking
some
risks,
so
your
brain
raisers
your
tolerance
for
risk
as
well.
75
For
the
risk-seekers
a
part
of
the
brain
related
to
pleasure
becomes
active,
while
for
the
rest
of
us,
a
part
of
the
brain
related
to
fear
becomes
active.
As
experts
continue
to
study
the
science
of
risk-seeking,
we’ll
continue
to
hit
the
mountains,
the
waves
or
the
shallow
end
of
the
pool.
A.
It
all
depends
on
your
character.
B.
Those
are
the
risks
you
should
jump
to
take.
C.
Being
better
at
those
things
meant
a
greater
chance
of
survival.
D.
Thus,
these
well-equipped
people
survived
because
they
were
the
fittest.
E.
This
is
when
you
start
to
move
away
from
your
family
and
into
the
bigger
world.
F.
However,
we
are
not
all
using
the
same
reference
standard
to
weigh
risks
and
rewards.
G.
New
brain
research
suggests
our
brains
work
differently
when
we
face
a
nervous
situation.
【语篇导读】文章从科学的角度对冒险和刺激惊醒了解释，冒险行为与大脑的工作有关，当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时，人们就会采取冒险行为。
71.【答案】F
72.【答案】
C
【解析】考察上下文串联。Hunting,fighting
or
exploring狩猎，战斗和探索等活动是神村的必要条件，C
中的those是对这些活动的
指代，故选C。
73.【答案】A
【解析】考察上下文串联。根据human
developed
a
range
of
character
types…可知，人们形成的不同类型性格如今仍然存在，正式不同的性格类型才导致了我们对冒险行为采取不同的态度，故选A.
74.【答案】A
【解析】考察上下文串联。E中when
与your
willingness
to
take
risks
increases
during
your
teenage
years中的teenage
years对应，故选E。
75.【答案】G
【解析】考察上下文串联。根据a
part
of
brain
…while
for
the
rest
of….可知，本段讲的是冒险行为与大脑之间的关系，故选C.
Passage
4
(2016·新课标III卷)
Everyone
knows
that
fish
is
good
for
health.
16
But
it
seems
that
many
people
don’t
cook
fish
at
home.
Americans
eat
only
about
fifteen
pounds
of
fish
per
person
per
year,
but
we
eat
twice
as
much
fish
in
restaurants
as
at
home.
Buying,
storing,
and
cooking
fish
isn’t
difficult.
17
This
text
is
about
how
to
buy
and
cook
fish
in
an
easy
way.
18
Fresh
fish
should
smell
sweet:
you
should
feel
that
you’re
standing
at
the
ocean’s
edge.
Any
fishy
or
strong
smell
means
the
fish
isn’t
fresh.
19
When
you
have
bought
a
fish
and
arrive
home,
you’d
better
store
the
fish
in
the
refrigerator
if
you
don’t
cook
it
immediately,
but
fresh
fish
should
be
stored
in
your
fridge
for
only
a
day
or
two.
Frozen
fish
isn’t
as
tasty
as
the
fresh
one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish.
20
First,lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料).
Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.
(A larger one will take more time.)
Then,
it’s ready to serve.
Do not buy it.
The easiest is to steam it.
This is how you can do it.
It just requires a little knowledge.
The fish will go bad within hours.
When buying fish,
you should first smell it.
The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了一些买鱼和烧鱼的常识，其中最简单的方法是蒸鱼。
16.【答案】G
17.
【答案】D
【解析】考察上下文串联。题目前一句buying,storing
and
cooking
fish
isn’t
difficult可知，购买存放和烧鱼不是难事，再根据后面一句可知文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单知识，D“这仅仅需要一点知识”符合语境，故选D。
18.【答案】F
【解析】考察上下文串联。根据fresh
fish
should
smell
sweet可知，本算讲的是买鱼的时候要问一下鱼的味道，故选F.
19.【答案】A
【解析】考察上下文串联。根据前一句any
fishy
or
strong
smell
means
the
fish
isn’t
fresh
可知，带有强烈味道的鱼都不是新鲜的，不应该买这样的鱼，A
与后米娜的紧密联系，故先A.
20.【答案】
B
Passage
5
(2016·新课标II卷)
A
garden
that’s
just
right
for
you
Have
you
ever
visited
a
garden
that
seemed
just
right
for
you,
where
the
atmosphere
of
the
garden
appeared
to
total
more
than
the
sum(总和)
of
its
parts
16
.
But
it
doesn’t
happen
by
accident.
It
starts
with
looking
inside
yourself
and
understanding
who
you
are
with
respect
to
the
natural
world
and
how
you
approach
the
gardening
process.
●___17
Some
people
may
think
that
a
garden
is
no
more
than
plants,
flowers,
patterns
and
masses
of
color.
Others
are
concerned
about
using
gardening
methods
that
require
less
water
and
fewer
fertilizers(肥料).
18
.
However,
there
are
a
number
of
other
reasons
that
might
explain
why
you
want
to
garden.
One
of
them
comes
from
our
earliest
years.
●Recall(回忆)your
childhood
memories
Our
model
of
what
a
garden
should
be
often
goes
back
to
childhood.
Grandma’s
rose
garden
and
Dad’s
vegetable
garden
might
be
good
or
bad,
but
that’s
not
what’s
important.
19
--how
being
in
those
gardens
made
us
feel.
If
you’d
like
to
build
a
powerful
bond
with
your
garden,
start
by
taking
some
time
to
recall
the
gardens
of
your
youth.
20
then
go
outside
and
work
out
a
plan
to
translate
your
childhood
memories
into
your
grown-up
garden.
Have
fun.
A.
Know
why
you
garden
B.
Find
a
good
place
for
your
own
garden
C.
It’s
our
experience
of
the
garden
that
matters
D.
It’s
delightful
to
see
so
many
beautiful
flowers
E.
Still
others
may
simply
enjoy
being
outdoors
and
close
to
plants
F.
You
can
produce
that
kind
of
magical
quality
in
your
own
garden,
too
G.
For
each
of
those
gardens,
writer
down
the
strongest
memory
you
have
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了装饰花园的具体建议。
16.【答案】F
【解析】根据前两句提出：你是否参观过那些让你非常好的花园？你也可以自己弄一个属于你自己的花园，故F
符合上下文串联。
17.【答案】A
【解析】根据前两段可知不同的园艺有不同的原因，再倒数第二句“然而有很多原因解释了你为何要做园艺”可知我们首先明白为何做园艺，故A
符合逻辑。
18.【答案】E
19.【答案】C
【解析】
根据前句“......那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。
20.
【答案】
G
【解析】本部分介绍自己搞一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故G项与上下文一致。阅读理解各地优秀试题汇编
Passage
1
（广东省汕头市2017届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题）
“You
will
be
in
my
heart
forever.
Without
you,
there
are
only
emptiness
and
desert
in
my
life...”
This
is
a
line
from
a
heartfelt
poem
Feng
Duan
wrote
to
his
fiancee
Chen
Lianfang
in
1955.
Feng
is
now
94
and
Chen
90,
and
they
have
been
married
for
more
than
half
a
century.
Feng,
an
academic
at
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Sciences,
may
not
be
a
professional
poet
but
for
64
years,
Feng
has
written
countless
love
poems
to
his
wife.
On
every
important
anniversary
or
festival,
Feng
would
send
a
poem
to
Chen.
In
1978,
when
Chen’s
cancer
surgery
succeeded,
Feng
created
more
than
ten
poems
to
celebrate
his
wife’s
recovery.
Chen
used
a
red
suitcase
to
store
these
love
poems.
The
academic
has
also
translated
many
English,
French
and
German
poems
into
classical
Chinese.
The
couple
was
introduced
to
each
other
by
a
common
friend
in
1953
and
Feng
sent
two
paper
copies
of
poems
to
Chen
as
a
gift.
“As
long
as
I
think
of
you,
a
beam
of
sunshine
lights
up
my
heart,”
Feng
wrote.
Chen
recalled
the
first
time
Feng
invited
her
to
his
dormitory
to
have
a
cup
of
tea
and
she
thought
the
cup
was
made
of
frosted
glass.
As
the
two
became
closer,
Chen
often
visited
the
academic’s
dorm.
She
realized
that
the
cup
was
the
only
one
poor
Feng
owned.
The
opaque
(不透明的)
cup
was
not
frosted
glass
but
common
glass
stained
with
toothpaste.
Later
she
bought
many
clothes
and
even
a
stove
for
Feng,
making
a
nice
change
from
the
single
man
s
life.
Feng’s
marriage
to
Chen
brought
more
happiness
and
now
Chen
still
looks
after
Feng’s
daily
needs.
1．When
Feng
first
met
Chen,
he
was
.
A.
32
B.
30
C.
28
D.
26
2．What
change
did
Chen
bring
to
Feng
A.
Chen
made
a
great
difference
to
Feng’s
daily
life.
B.
Chen
changed
Feng’s
academic
life
greatly.
C.
Chen
wrote
a
lot
of
poems
to
Feng.
D.
Chen
introduced
a
lot
of
friends
to
Feng.
3．What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage
A.
Chen
and
Feng
happened
to
meet
each
other
on
the
campus.
B.
Feng
wrote
many
poems
in
different
languages.
C.
Chen
cherished
the
poems
Feng
wrote
to
her.
D.
Feng
liked
his
opaque
cup
so
much.
4．The
writer
wrote
the
passage
to
show
.
A.
how
a
famous
poet
writes
love
poems
to
his
wife
B.
how
the
love
poems
join
two
hearts
together
C.
how
important
love
poems
are
in
the
marriage
D.
how
the
love
poems
make
the
couple
famous
2．【答案】A
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段和最后一句and
now
Chen
still
looks
after
Feng’s
daily
needs可知，Chen一直照顾Feng的日常生活。
3．【答案】C
推理判断题。根据第二段Chen
used
a
red
suitcase
to
store
these
love
poems.可知，Chen珍视Feng给她的情诗。
4．【答案】B
推理判断题。推断作者的写作意图，通篇理解，本文主要介绍了两位九旬老人的浪漫爱情故事，而情诗是串联其64年爱情的事物，故答案选B。
Passage
2
（河南省南阳信阳六市2017届高三第二次联考英语试题）Are
you
still
worried
about
overcharging
for
your
luggage
over
the
weight
limit
An
"
Airport
Jacket"
containing
up
to
15kg
luggage
is
designed
to
help
frequent
flyers
bypass(绕过)
airport
baggage
queues,
reduce
baggage
fees
and
really
lower
the
risk
of
lost
luggage.
"
With
airlines
beginning
to
charge
for
carry
-
on
baggage
as
well
as
severely
limiting
10aggage
allowances
for
the
low
fare
economy
traveler,
my
partner
and
I
have
designed
a
jacket
that
can
wear
your
laptop,
tablet,
two
pairs
of
shoes,
a
pair
of
jeans,
five
T
-
shirts,
a
jumper
and
a
camera,"
designer
Claire
Murphy
explains.
"It
totals
14
deep
pockets,
including
8
pockets
at
hip
length,
11
pockets
at
three
-
quarter
length
and
14
pockets
at
full
length.
"
.
Claire
and
Benke
Murphy
came
up
with
the
idea
while
traveling
home
with
their
newborn
child.
They
had
so
much
extra
carry
-
on
luggage
that
the
airline
tried
to
charge
them
$
140
for
it,
more
than
the
cost
of
their
tickets.
So
they
had
to
put
clothes,
chargers,
diapers
and
toys
into
their
pockets,
until
just
over
the
weight
limit.
They
escaped
the
tax,
but
everything
sticking
out
of
their
pocket
saw
a
pretty
uncomfortable
plane
ride.
However,
people
have
been
raising
questions
about
the
usefulness
of
the
Airport
Jacket,
especially
the
trouble
of
going
through
security
checkpoints.
They
are
arguing
that
having
to
take
all
out
and
then
putting
them
back
into
the
pockets
is
not
worth
the
few
tens
of
dollars
you
save
on
a
checked
luggage.
But
Benke
claims
that
walking
through
airport
security
is
not
an
issue
as
long
as
you
follow
guidelines
for
carry
-
on
luggage.
"
It
only
needs
to
be
worn
when
checking
in
and
at
the
boarding
gate.
What'
s
more,
Airport
security
is
not
looking
at
how
you
store
your
luggage
but
checking
its
contents.
"
Its
makers
are
currently
running
a
crowdfunding
campaign
on
Kickstarter,
trying
to
raise
$
AU100,
000.
But
they've
only
raised
$
AU3,
675
so
far,
although
they
still
have
37
days
to
go,
so
it's
still
hopeful
And
even
if
this
fails,
they
may
still
find
a
way
to
get
it
to
market.
5．What's
the
least
possible
benefit
of
using
the
Airport
Jacket
A.
it
may
cut
down
on
the
luggage
fees.
B.
it
may
decrease
the
risk
of
losing
luggage.
C.
it
may
save
the
time
of
passing
long
queues.
D.
it
can
guarantee
you
a
comfortable
flight
service.
.
6．What
does
the
paragraph
3
mainly
discuss
about
A.
how
much
luggage
the
couple
carried
B.
how
luckily
the
couple
avoided
overcharging
C.
how
the
designers
got
their
inspiration
D.
how
painful
the
couple's
flying
experience
was
7．What
can
we
infer
from
this
passage
A.
The
pockets
of
the
'Airport
Jacket
have
28
in
total.
B.
Not
all
regard
the
Airport
Jacket
as
a
perfect
invention.
C.
Crowdfunding
is
the
best
way
to
collect
money
you
need.
D.
Airports
now
begin
to
limit
the
number
of
economy
travelers.
8．What
will
the
author
probably
mention
in
the
next
paragraph
A.
Their
kinds
of
anxiety
and
fear
facing
failure.
B.
Their
possible
measures
to
market
their
product.
C.
Their
sharp
and
powerful
attack
against
those
opposed.
D.
Their
attempts
to
improve
and
enlarge
the
production
capacity.
【语篇解读】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了一款帮助飞机乘客携带行李的“机场夹克”。
5．【答案】D
6．【答案】C
【解析】段落大意题。第三段主要描述了这款机场夹克设计者Claire
and
Benke
Murphy为什么要设计这款夹克的原因。故选C。
7．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的However,
people
have
been
raising
questions
about
the
usefulness
of
the
Airport
Jacket,
especially
the
trouble
of
going
through
security
checkpoints.可推知，并不是所有人都认为这是一个很完美的发明。故选B。
8．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中对让这款机场夹克投入市场存在的困难及And
even
if
this
fails,
they
may
still
find
a
way
to
get
it
to
market.可推知，接下来将讲述他们打算进行的一些营销策略。故选B。
Passage
3
（2017届天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考（二）英语试卷）Hidden
London:
the
city’s
lesser
known
delights
Dulwich
Picture
Gallery
As
much
an
excuse
to
enjoy
the
village
charms
of
Dulwich
Village
as
to
admire
some
delicate
European
masterworks,
this
gallery
is
a
southeast
London
charmer,
which
was
founded
in
1811.
Join
a
free
guided
tour
to
the
permanent
collection(3
pm
Saturday
and
Sunday),catch
the
latest
temporary
exhibition
and
admire
the
lovely
garden(open
1:30
pm
to
3:30
pm
Tuesdays).
Where:
Gallery
RD
SE21
7AD
Train:
West
Dulwich
Temple
Church
Featuring
in
the
novel
The
Da
Vinci
Code
and
dating
back
to
the
late
12th
century,
this
is
one
of
London’s
oldest
and
holiest
medieval
treasures.
Built
by
the
Knights
Templar,
the
church
is
divided
into
the
Round---which
contains
the
statues
of
crusading
knights,
who
tried
to
recover
the
Holy
Land
from
the
Muslims
in
the
Middle
Ages
and
the
Chancel,
where
the
priests
and
singers
performing
in
church
services
sit.
Where:
Temple
EC4Y
7DE
Underground:
Temple
or
Blackfriars
Chelsea
Physic
Garden
Endlessly
satisfying
the
green-fingered,
the
plain
curious
or
those
eager
to
discover
botanical
interests
in
central
London,
this
delightful
walled
garden
was
founded
by
the
Apothecaries’
Society
in
the
17th
century
and
is
one
of
the
oldest
botanical
gardens
in
London.
Where:
66
Royal
Hospital
Rd
SW3
4HS
Underground:
Sloane
Square
Estorick
Collection
of
Modern
Italian
Art
Built
between
1953
and
1958,
the
Estorick
is
Britain’s
only
gallery
devoted
to
Italian
art.
It
draws
together
a
fascinating
collection
of
Futurist
masterpieces
from
Umberto
Boccioni,
Giacomo
Balla,
Carlo
Carra
and
others,
who
emphasized
the
importance
of
modern
things,
especially
technology
and
machines.
Where:
39a
Canonbury
Sq
N1
2AN
Underground:
Highbury
&
Islington
9．When
can
you
follow
a
free
guide
to
visit
Dulwich
Picture
Gallery
A.
3
pm
on
Sunday
B.
3:30
pm
on
Tuesday
C.
1:30
pm
on
Tuesday
D.
1:30
pm
on
Saturday
10．Which
of
the
following
has
the
longest
history
A.
Dulwich
Picture
Garden
B.
Temple
Church
C.
Estorick
Collection
of
Modern
Italian
Art
D.
Chelsea
Physics
Garden
11．Where
should
you
go
if
you
have
an
interest
in
plants
A.
Gallery
Rd
SE21
7AD
B.
Temple
EC4Y
7DE
C.
66
Royal
Hospital
Rd
SW3
4HS
D.
39a
Canonbury
Sq
N1
2AN
12．If
you
want
to
enjoy
Italian
art,
you
may
get
off
at
.
A.
West
Dulwich
B.
Blackfriars
C.
Sloane
Square
D.
Highbury
13．In
which
part
of
a
newspaper
can
you
read
the
text
A.
Nature
B.
Society
C.
Travel
D.
Lifestyle
10．【答案】B考察文章细节理解。根据文章内容Dulwich
Picture
Garden
的历史从1811年开始，Temple
Church的历史可以追溯到12世纪，Estorick
Collection
of
Modern
Italian
Art的历史最早从1953年开始，Chelsea
Physics
Garden可以追溯到17世纪。对比之下可知B历史最久。故选B。
11．【答案】C考察文章细节理解。根据"Endlessly
satisfying
the
green-fingered,
the
plain
curious
or
those
eager
to
discover
botanical
interests
in
central
London,
"可知Chelsea
Physic
Garden这里可以满足人们的植物学兴趣，所以如果你对植物感兴趣，应该去这里。故选C。
12．【答案】D考察文章细节理解。根据"
the
Estorick
is
Britain’s
only
gallery
devoted
to
Italian
art."可知我们想去看意大利艺术应该去Estorick
Collection
of
Modern
Italian
Art，而坐地铁可以在Highbury下车。故选D。
13．【答案】C考察文章主旨理解。由全文内容可知，这是一篇和旅游有关的文章，故选C。
Passage
4
（江西省重点中学盟校2017届高三第二次联考英语试题）Ever
wonder
where
chocolate
chip
cookies
came
from Or
why
we
use
waffles（华夫饼）as
ice
cream
cones
Mistakes
that
Worked,written
by
Charlotte
Foltz
Jones,award-winning
author
of
non-fiction
books
for
children,
offers
forty
of
these
unusual
tales,along
with
many
interesting
drawings
and
strange
and
amazing
facts.
The
book
is
divided
into
six
parts:
food,medicine,toys,accidental
things,names,and
I
find
the
book
great
because
if
not
for
the
book,I
would
never
have
known
that
something
was
actually
accidentally
created.Besides,I
like
to
learn
real
information;I
can't
stand
books
with
stories
that
aren't
real.Although
this
is
a
non-fiction
book
and
is
about
inventions,it
is
not
a
history
of
technology
book;it's
more
of
an
easy
reading
book.This
book
would
be
attractive
to
both
boys
and
girls,and
it
could
actually
be
either
an
adult
book
or
a
children’s
book.
Published
in
1991,the
book
is
a
bit
old
and
is
showing
its
age
now
in
2016.Still,
it
contains
lots
of
great
information,even
though
some
facts
are
not
exact.I
love
the
idea
of
a
mistakes
book,and
I
especially
like
the
format,
which
allows
readers
to
dip
in
and
out
of
the
book
easily.However,the
entries
are
not
all
equally
strong.
Additionally,
if
you
don’t
live
in
the
US,the
book
makes
little
sense,since
it
is
full
of
American
references
both
historically
and
in
terms
of
customs.
Anyway,Mistakes
that
Worked
is
a
reminder
that
failure
is
not
always
the
end.It
is
an
enlightening
book
that
encourages
us
to
realize
that
taking
risks
and
learning
to
experiment
is
often
the
best
way
to
learn,even
if
we
don’t
end
up
creating
something
new
and
wonderful.
14．What
kind
of
book
is
Mistakes
that
Worked
A.
It's
a
picture
book.
B.
It's
a
science
book.
C.
It's
an
adult
book.
D.
It's
a
historical
book.
15．What
can
we
infer
about
the
author
A.
He
reads
too
little.
B.
He
is
a
slow
reader.
C.
He
is
a
great
reader
of
non-fiction.
D.
He
enjoys
reading
books
about
inventions.
16．Which
of
the
following
does
the
author
especially
like
about
the
book
A.
Its
facts.
B.
Its
organization.
C.
Its
entries.
D.
Its
reference.
17．What
is
the
author's
opinion
on
the
book
A.
It's
a
fun
read.
B.
It's
a
perfect
book.
C.
It
makes
little
sense.
D.
It's
full
of
factual
mistake
【语篇解读】文章介绍了一本关于发明的启发性的书籍---《Mistakes
that
Worked》，本书分为六个部分，启发作者：错误的工作，是一个提醒，鼓励我们认识到，冒险和学习实验往往是最好的学习方法。
14．【答案】A
【解析】考察文章细节理解。根据“it
is
not
a
history
of
technology
book”和“it
could
actually
be
either
an
adult
book
or
a
children’s
book.”可排除bcd三个选项，故选A
15．【答案】C
【解析】考察文章细节理解。根据“.Although
this
is
a
non-fiction
book
and
is
about
inventions,”可知作者喜欢非发明累的书。故选C.
16．【答案】B
【解析】考察文章细节推断。根据“I
love
the
idea
of
a
mistakes
book,and
I
especially
like
the
format,”可知作者尤其喜欢书的构思。故选B.
17．【答案】A
Passage
5
I
grew
up
in
a
family
that
ate
dinner
together
every
evening.
Although
my
parents
enjoyed
wine,
they
rarely
drank
during
the
week
and
always
in
moderation
(节制).
As
for
myself,
I
wasn't
interested
in
alcoholic
drinks
and
neither
were
my
high
school
friends.
So
when
I
arrived
on
campus
for
my
first
year
of
university
life,
I
was
a
bit
shocked.
Many
different
events
had
been
organized
for
the
freshmen,
but
they
all
had
one
thing
in
common
—
alcohol,
and
plenty
of
it.
Not
wanting
to
be
left
out,
I
joined
a
few
of
the
events.
But
I
always
returned
home
early,
feeling
disappointed.
Your
personality,
interests
and
experiences
didn't
matter
at
all,
only
how
many
alcoholic
drinks
you
could
absorb
before
passing
out
(喝醉).
It
seemed
shallow
to
me.
I
wanted
to
get
to
know
my
new
coursemates,
not
how
fast
they
could
down
a
pint
of
beer.
Gradually,
however,
I
realized
that
real
friends
don't
judge
you
by
how
much
you
can
drink
and
there
were
other
ways
of
making
friends.
I
joined
a
photography
society,
took
a
first
aid
course,
and
every
weekend
I
went
cycling
with
a
coursemate.
I
found
that
by
engaging
in
these
activities
and
sharing
the
fun
of
learning
new
skills
together
in
a
group,
I
formed
much
stronger
bonds
with
my
new
friends
than
even
the
strongest
alcoholic
drinks
could
encourage.
Another
valuable
lesson
I
learned
is
that
it's
perfectly
okay
to
say
“No”
if
you
don't
want
to
drink.
However,
in
many
Western
societies,
especially
the
UK,
binge
drinking
(狂喝)
has
become
the
norm.
Many
people
who
drink
don't
necessarily
want
to,
but
they
give
in
to
the
peer
pressure
(同伴压力)—
they're
afraid
to
say
“No”．
18．What
shocked
the
author
when
he
entered
university
A．The
strange
campus.
B．The
popularity
of
alcohol.
C．The
drunken
coursemates.
D．The
limited
activities.
19．Why
did
the
author
return
home
early
from
the
events
at
first
A．He
wasn't
good
at
drinking.
B．He
had
no
familiar
coursemates.
C．He
hated
the
way
people
got
along.
D．He
was
left
out
by
the
organizers.
20．How
did
the
author
finally
make
real
friends
at
university
A．By
saying
“No”
to
alcoholic
drinks.
B．By
staying
away
from
group
activities.
C．By
giving
in
to
the
peer
pressure.
D．By
joining
people
with
common
interests.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对大学新生活的体验和感悟。
19．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。结合第二段“But
I
always
returned
home
early
...before
passing
out
(喝醉).
It
seemed
shallow
to
me.”可推知，作者很早就回家的原因是作者不喜欢大学里人们以酒交友的方式。故选C。
20．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“I
found
that
by
engaging
...
drinks
could
encourage.”可推知，作者是通过与志同道合的人一起参加活动来结交挚友的。故选D。
Passage
6
（江苏省南通、扬州、泰州、淮安四市2017届高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题）Carpe
diem—seize
the
day—is
one
of
the
oldest
philosophical
mottos
in
western
history.
First
used
by
the
Roman
poet
Horace
more
than
2,000
years
ago,
it
still
keeps
an
extraordinary
resonance
(共鸣)
in
popular
culture.
It
is
unusual
that
an
expression
from
a
long-dead
language
generates
more
than
25
million
online
search
results.
Yet
just
as
striking
is
the
fact
that
there
is
not
one
carpe
diem,
but
many.
While
usually
translated
as
“seize”
the
day,
the
original
Latin
is
sometimes
interpreted
as
“harvest”,
or
“enjoy”
the
day.
These
variations
(变化)
tell
us
that
carpe
diem
means
different
things
to
different
people.
For
some
it’s
about
taking
a
once-in-a-lifetime
opportunity,
while
for
others
it
is
about
living
calmly
in
the
present
moment.
We
might
casually
use
the
term
carpe
diem
when
chatting
with
a
friend,
but
how
many
of
us
are
aware
of
its
many
personalities
hidden
beneath
the
surface
In
our
age
of
distraction,
where
we
are
checking
our
phones
an
average
of
110
times
a
day, grasping
these
different
meanings
is
more
important
than
ever.
They
are
an
antidote
(解毒药)
to
the
reality
that
we
are,
as
Shakespeare
put
it,
“food
for
worms”.
Life
is
short
and
our
time
is
running
out.
But
here’s
the
problem:
carpe
diem
has
been
hijacked
(绑架).
Who,
or
what,
are
the
hijackers
First,
the
spirit
of
“seize
the
day”
has
been
secretly
hijacked
by
consumer
culture,
which
has
recast
it
as
Black
Friday
shopping
rushes
and
one-click
buying:
Just
Do
It
has
come
to
mean
Just
Buy
It.
Alongside
this
is
the
growing
fashionable
belief
of
efficiency
and
time
management
that
has
driven
us
towards
tight-scheduled
living,
turning
the
spontaneity
(自然发生)
of
Just
Do
It
into
a
culture
of
Just
Plan
It.
A
third
hijacker
is
digital
entertainment
that
is
replacing
energetic
life
experiences
with
screen-based
pleasures.
Rather
than
Just
Do
It,
we
increasingly
Just
Watch
It
instead.
Finally,
carpe
diem
has
been
hijacked
by
the
mindfulness
movement.
While
mindfulness
has
many
proven
benefits,
from
reducing
stress
to
helping
with
depression,
one
of
its
unintended
consequences
has
been
to
encourage
the
narrow
idea
that
seizing
the
day
is
primarily
about
living
in
the
here
and
now.
Just
Do
It
has
become
Just
Breathe.
Challenged
by
these
hijackers,
the
art
of
seizing
the
day
is
disappearing
and
we
urgently
need
to
do
something
about
it,
or
else
risk
losing
touch
with
the
carpe
diem
wisdom
of
humanity
that
has
accumulated
over
the
past
two
thousand
years.
21．What
does
the
author
intend
to
tell
us
in
paragraph
2
A.
People
often
create
different
situations
for
carpe
diem.
B.
Carpe
diem
should
be
better
interpreted
than
before.
C.
People
usually
scratch
the
surface
of
carpe
diem.
D.
Carpe
diem
should
be
replaced
with
new
terms.
22．By
mentioning
Shakespeare
in
Paragraph
3,
the
author
wants
to
emphasize______.
A.
we
should
try
to
expand
the
length
of
our
life
B.
we
should
treasure
every
moment
of
our
life
C.
we
should
use
effective
medicine
to
cure
diseases
D.
we
should
check
our
phones
to
avoid
distraction
23．Which
of
the
following
can
best
prove
carpe
diem
has
been
hijacked
A.
Just
Do
It
has
come
to
mean
online
shopping
rushes.
B.
Just
Do
It
has
come
to
mean
a
casual
way
of
life.
C.
Just
Do
It
has
come
to
mean
workout
in
the
gym.
D.
Just
Do
It
has
come
to
mean
a
really
relieved
mind.
24．What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
this
passage
A.
To
justify
some
different
applications
of
carpe
diem.
B.
To
explain
the
four
hijackers
of
carpe
diem
nowadays.
C.
To
advocate
returning
to
the
original
meaning
of
carpe
diem.
D.
To
compare
people’s
different
interpretations
of
carpe
diem
today.
【语篇解读】文中介绍了及时行乐的本意及随着时代变迁人们对它理解的演变，提倡回归其本意。
21．【答案】C
22．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。第三段提到we
are
checking
our
phones
an
average
of
110
times
a
day可知手机占用了我们很多时间，grasping
these
different
meanings
is
more
important
than
ever.
They
are
an
antidote
(解毒药)
to
the
reality
that
we
are可知告诫我们要珍惜时间，此时引用莎士比亚的话进一步说明珍惜每一刻的重要性，故选B.
23．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文中介绍的四点及时行乐被绑架的现象，第一条Just
Do
It
has
come
to
mean
Just
Buy
It.可知说做就做被现代人演变成了说买就买，故选A.
24．【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。文中介绍了及时行乐的本意及随着时代变迁人们对它的理解演变，根据第二段but
how
many
of
us
are
aware
of
its
many
personalities
hidden
beneath
the
surface 和最后一段the
art
of
seizing
the
day
is
disappearing
and
we
urgently
need
to
do
something
about
it,
or
else
risk
losing
touch
with
the
carpe
diem
wisdom
of
humanity
that
has
accumulated
over
the
past
two
thousand
years.可知作者希望人们回归及时行乐的本意，故选C.
Passage
7
On
a
hot
August
morning,
in
a
classroom
overlooking
New
York's
Hudson
River,
a
teacher
guides
a
group
of
3 year olds
completely
in
Chinese.
This
is
just
a
language
summer
camp
run
by
the
primary
school
Bilingual
Buds,
which
offers
a
year round
course
in
Chinese
as
well
as
Spanish
for
kids
as
young
as
2.
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../SV-20.TIF"
\
MERGEFORMAT
A
lot
of
research
now
shows
the
regular,
high level
use
of
more
than
one
language
may
actually
improve
early
brain
development.
Knowing
two
or
more
languages
can
improve
the
ability
to
focus,
decide
and
deal
with
information
better.
These
important
skills
are
grouped
together,
known
in
brain
terms
as
“executive
function”.
The
research
suggests
they
develop
ahead
of
time
in
bilingual
children,
and
are
already
evident
in
kids
as
young
as
3
or
4.
Bilingual
education,
common
in
many
countries,
is
a
growing
trend
across
the
United
States,
with
440
elementary
schools
offering
the
study
in
Spanish,
Chinese
and
French.
But
Tamar
Gollan,
a
professor
at
the
University
of
California,
has
found
a
vocabulary
gap
between
children
who
speak
only
one
language
and
those
who
grow
up
with
more.
On
average,
the
more
language
spoken,
the
smaller
the
vocabulary
in
each
one.
Gollan's
research
suggests
that
while
that
gap
narrows
as
children
grow,
it
does
not
disappear
completely.
Gollan
says,
“Vocabulary
tests
help
us
find
that
bilinguals
have
the
disadvantage,
where
you
know
the
word
but
you
just
can't
get
it
out.”
In
fact,
some
of
the
values
of
bilingualism
can't
be
measured
at
all,
of
course.
To
speak
more
than
one
language
is
to
open
the
mind
to
more
than
one
culture
or
way
of
life.
Bilinguals
also
appear
to
be
better
at
learning
other
new
languages.
Clarisse
spent
her
early
childhood
in
Switzerland
speaking
French.
At
6,
she
learned
English.
Later
she
learned
Spanish,
German,
and,
during
three
years
living
in
Tokyo,
Japanese.
Now
she
has
easily
mastered
several
languages.
25．Why
should
children
learn
more
than
one
language
according
to
Paragraph
2
A．Because
it
can
do
good
to
children's
brain
development.
B．Because
it's
part
of
a
language
summer
camp.
C．Because
it
is
common
in
many
countries.
D．Because
it
is
popular
with
children.
26．The
underlined
word
“they”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
refers
to
“________”．
A．many
countries
B．bilingual
children
C．these
important
skills
D．two
or
more
languages
27．According
to
Tamar
Gollan,
________.
A．knowing
two
or
more
languages
can
improve
children's
skills
B．the
more
languages
children
know,
the
better
they
will
be
C．children
had
better
not
take
vocabulary
tests
D．bilingual
education
is
not
always
good
to
children
28．From
the
passage
we
can
learn
________.
A．Clarisse
likes
French
best
instead
of
Japanese
B．bilingual
education
is
mainly
loved
by
children
C．bilinguals
can
have
a
disadvantage
in
learning
other
new
languages
D．knowing
more
languages
can
help
children
learn
more
about
foreign
cultures
25．【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Knowing
two
or
more
languages
can
improve
...
evident
in
kids
as
young
as
3
or
4.”可知，多语种学习对儿童大脑的发展有好处。故选A。
26．【答案】C
【解析】代词指代题。根据第二段第三句“These
important
skills
are
grouped
together,
known
in
brain
terms
as
‘executive
function’．”可知，画线词“they”指代的应该是“These
important
skills”，即这些重要的技能。故选C。
27．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“But
Tamar
Gollan,
a
professor
...
the
smaller
the
vocabulary
in
each
one.”可知，Tamar
Gollan教授认为，双语学习对儿童来说并不总是有益的。故选D。
28．【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In
fact,
some
of
the
values
of
bilingualism
...
culture
or
way
of
life.”可推知，多语种学习能够帮助儿童了解更多外国文化。故选D项。
Passage
8
（云南省2017届高三下学期第一次统测英语试题）The
Super
Bowl
is
the
annual
championship
game
of
the
National
Football
League
(NFL).The
game
is
the
culmination（高潮）to
a
season
that
begins
in
the
late
summer
of
the
previous
calendar
year.
Normally,
Roman
numerals
are
used
to
identify
each
game,
rather
than
the
year
in
which
it
is
held.
For
example,
Super
Bowl
I
was
played
on
January
15,
1967,
following
the
1966
regular
season.
The
single
exception
to
this
rule
is
Super
Bowl
50,
which
was
played
on
February
7,
2016,
following
the
2015
regular
season.
The
next
game,
Super
Bowl
LII,
scheduled
for
February
4,
2018,
will
follow
the
2017
regular
season.
The
game
was
created
as
part
of
a
merger(合并)
agreement
between
the
NFL
and
its
then
rival
league,
the
American
Football
League
(AFL).
Currently,
the
Pittsburgh
Steelers
have
the
most
Super
Bowl
victories,
with
six.
The
New
England
Patriots
have
the
most
Super
Bowl
appearances,
with
nine.
The
day
(usually
the
first
Sunday
in
February)
on
which
the
Super
Bowl
is
played,
now
considered
as
an
unofficial
American
national
holiday,
is
called
"Super
Bowl
Sunday".
It
is
the
second-largest
day
for
U.S.
food
consumption,
after
Thanksgiving
Day.
In
addition,
the
seven
most-watched
broadcasts
in
U.S.
television
history
are
Super
Bowls.
In
2015,
Super
Bowl
XLIX
attracted
an
audience
of
114.4
million.
Because
of
the
high
viewership,
commercial
airtime
during
the
Super
Bowl
broadcast
is
the
most
expensive
of
the
year,
leading
to
companies
regularly
developing
their
most
expensive
advertisements
for
this
broadcast.
As
a
result,
watching
and
discussing
the
broadcast's
commercials
has
become
a
significant
aspect
of
the
event.
In
addition,
popular
singers
and
musicians
including
Michael
Jackson,
Madonna,
Prince,
Beyonce,
Paul
McCartney,
The
Rolling
Stones,
The
Who,
Whitney
Houston,
and
Lady
Gaga
have
performed
during
the
event's
pregame
and
halftime
ceremonies.
29．According
to
the
text,
in
the
Super
Bowl
________.
A.
the
New
England
Patriots
have
won
nine
times
B.
the
Pittsburgh
Steelers
have
won
six
titles
C.
Arabic
numerals
are
used
to
refer
to
each
game
D.
winners
of
the
last
season
play
against
each
other
30．On
Super
Bowl
Sunday,
American
people
usually
________.
A.
buy
expensive
Super
Bowl
tickets
B.
consume
the
most
food
of
the
year
C.
avoid
the
Super
Bowl
commercials
D.
enjoy
performances
by
famous
artists
31．In
2015,
the
________
Super
Bowl
was
held.
A.
46th
B.
49th
C.
51st
D.
55th
32．We
can
know
from
the
text
that
the
Super
Bowl
________.
A.
is
a
public
holiday
in
the
United
States
B.
is
the
annual
championship
game
of
AFL
C.
launches
a
new
season
of
the
National
Football
League
every
year
D.
has
frequently
been
the
most
watched
American
television
broadcast
of
the
year
【语篇解读】本文介绍了SuperBowl（超级碗）即美国橄榄球联盟的年度冠军赛。
29．【答案】B
30．【答案】Ｄ
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中In
addition,
popular
singers
and
musicians
including
Michael
Jackson,
Madonna,
Prince,
Beyonce,
Paul
McCartney,
The
Rolling
Stones,
The
Who,
Whitney
Houston,
and
Lady
Gaga
have
performed
during
the
event's
pregame
and
halftime
ceremonies.可知，在"Super
Bowl
Sunday"，美国人通常享受著名艺人的表演。故选Ｄ。
31．【答案】Ｂ
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句In
2015,
Super
Bowl
XLIX
attracted
an
audience
of
114.4
million.
XLIX是罗马数字，对应的阿拉伯数字是49，故2015年举行的是第49届，故选Ｂ。
32．【答案】Ｄ
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Because
of
the
high
viewership,
commercial
airtime
during
the
Super
Bowl
broadcast
is
the
most
expensive
of
the
year,
leading
to
companies
regularly
developing
their
most
expensive
advertisements
for
this
broadcast.可知，超级碗一直是最受关注的美国电视台的播放节目之一。故选Ｄ。七选五信息匹配考情链接
七选五题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把控。这一考查题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，即不仅要有阅读速度，要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次。如果说通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考查，它是语言表达的基本单位，属于语言的组织规律，那么阅读填空题就是章法范围内的考查，是语言使用的范畴，属于言语的组织规律，简单地说，前者侧重语言的结构—语法，而后者侧重语言的使用—章法。
注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。阅读本质就是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、评价文章的思维过程，新题型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等方面的知识，而且要有辨证、综合、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力，是阅读的深层理解，也是阅读的核心和关键。
题材新颖，具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性，与学生的学习经历和生活经历相适应，与新课程理念下的高考改革走向相适应，与高中英语教学实际相适应，遵循了《英语课程标准》的评价理念，保证了试题的效度、信度、真实性和公平性原则
一.
近三年阅读七选五的考点分布情况表
2014
2015
2016
Ⅱ
Ⅱ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
体裁
议论
议论
议论
说明
说明
说明
说明
题材
培养孩子传统能力
做饭建议
培养信任
马拉松训练
密码设置与破解
种植自己的花园
购买与做鱼
字数
282
313
303
240
276
294
258
主旨概括
1
1
2
0
0
1
0
过渡语句
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
逻辑语句
3
4
3
5
5
4
5
二．命题的诀窍
1.
阅读七选五设题的位置可能在段首、段中、段末。
该节分为两个部分：主干部分和选项部分。主干部分的原文约300词，其中有5段空白处，空白处的位置可能在段首、段中、段未，选项部分为7段文字，每段可能是一个句子，可能是两三个短句。其中5段文字分属于主干部分的空白处。要求考生依据自己对文章的理解从选项中选择5段文字放回到文章中相应的5段空白处。
2.
阅读七选五设题的顺序通常是按照文章的发展顺序设置且备选项的设置一般由短到长排列。
新课标卷 和新课标Ⅱ一般遵循这样的设题规律，备选项可能是一个完整的句子或者是短句，这样就要求考生从整体上理解把握文章的结构，及上下文的衔接等。
3.
阅读七选五设题的技巧利用各种衔接手段（词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接）使文章中的关键词或者句子与备选项形成意义或结构上的对接。
词汇衔接又可以具体分为三种：代词、同义词/近义词、上下义词/同一范畴词对应关系；逻辑衔接根据前后句之间的逻辑关系又细分为：解释关系、例证关系、因果关系、顺逆关系；主要看文章结构和出题位置。
4.
阅读七选五设题的备选项包括三类：主旨概括句（文章的整体内容或段落大意），过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）。
主旨概括句包括标题句和主题句，标题句短小精悍，多为名词性短语或祈使句，用以总结文章或某个段落的主旨，主题句用以交代某段的中心思想；过渡性句子可以位于段首或段尾。实现过渡往往有三种途径：一是对核心词汇的重复；二是使用指示代词如this,that,these,those,such,another等；三是使用过度词汇如next,in
addition
to,however等。过渡句起到承上启下的作用，主要用来显示上下文的额逻辑关系，使行文流畅，前后衔接自然；注释性句子往往是通过自身的逻辑意义链接一个完整的段落，较主题句来讲，注释性句子更具体，往往是事实，分析，举例和引用等的一部分。
5.
阅读七选五设题的方法一般是在一篇约250词给出缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，其中2个是多余的干扰选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
阅读七选五一般一篇的字数是300字左右，从2016年的全国卷发现字数较之前减少了，所以这也就导致一段中可以出现两处设题的可能，这样就减少了文章的信息量，增加了选题的难度，所以考生就要学会从整体上把握文章的结构。
三．选项特点
1.
正确选项的特征
①与文中前后句在语义上衔接，逻辑上一致，能够全面概括段落主旨。
②通常与文章中心思想，主旨大意，作者对文中论述事物所持的观点态度有关。
③设置的特点往往利用线索特征词，如原词复现，同义近义词、反义词或表示因果，排比，转折和时间等关系的词。
2.
干扰项的特征
注释性句子与上下文意义不衔接。
过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构。
主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题。
用了与正确选项相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词句,却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词,造成句意的改变。
四．阅读七选五的解题步骤
1.
通读文章,确定文章体裁及空白问题的位置和特点。
不同的文章有不同的结构形式，确定文章体裁有利于我们确定各段之间的关系。一般说来近几年全国卷的阅读七选五的体裁主要以说明文为主，说明文常采用总-分-总的结构形式，第一段说明要说明的主题，下面几段多是从不同的角度来说明问题，最后总结，所以各段之间多是平行关系，经常出现举例说明的现象。空白问题的位置往往可能在段首、段中、段末，往往利用各种衔接手段（词汇衔接、逻辑衔
接、结构衔接）使文章中的关键词或者句子与备选项形成意义或结构上的对接。
2.
通读备选项，找出和文章相对应的线索特征词。
备选项的特点往往是主旨性句子,过渡性句子和注释性句子。线索特征词往往是一些表示并列与递进关系，因果关系，转折让步关系，时间关系的关联词，有时也会出现代词、同义词/近义词等。
3.
用代入法，检查答案是否合理。
将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。
四．解题技巧
1.
浏览选项定全局
快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三个位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。有时有的答案表述上就是错误的，可以直接从备选项中排除，以降低难度。
2.
弄清体裁，理清文章结构
不同的文章有不同的结构形式，确定文章体裁有利于确定各段之间的关系。一般情况下，记叙文的语言是按时间发展顺序或因果关系排列的；说明文常采用总-分-总的结构形式，第一段说明要说明的主题，下面几段多是从不同的角度来说明问题，最后总结，所以各段之间多是平行关系，经常出现举例说明的现象；议论文先抛出议题，然后从正反两个方面进行讨论，最后得出结论。
确定文章体裁对预测文章各段主要内容和结构形式，形成重要的选择依据。
3.
找出句子之间的连接性词语
英语中的句、段之间经常会运用关联词或某些具有关联作用的副词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。常用的连接词有：then,
later,
after
that,
soon,
after
a
while,
in
the
end,
so,
as
a
result,
because
of
that等。
五．解题方法
1.
段首设空类
段首设空类通常分为两种情况：段落主题句，通常情况下段落的中心都会出现在本段的开头部分，因此根据段落一致性原则，推断出该段的主题句；与后文是并列、转折、因果等关系，着重阅读挖空后的第一、二句，确定相关信息词，然后再选项中查找与之相关的内容。
39
This
may
surprise
you,
but
one
of
the
best
tools
for
making
cooking
worth
your
time
is
experimentation.
It
gives
you
the
chance
to
hit
upon
new
ideas
and
recipes
that
can
work
well
with
your
appetite
and
schedule.
The
more
you
learn
and
the
more
you
try,
the
more
ability
you
have
to
take
control
of
your
food
and
your
schedule.
Try
new
things.
Ability
is
easily
improved.
Make
three
or
four
instead.
Understand
your
food
better.
Cooking
is
a
burden
for
many
people.
Let
cooking
and
living
simple
be
a
joy
rather
than
a
burden.
A
little
time
planning
ahead
can
save
a
lot
of
work
later
on.
【答案】A
【触类旁通】
(2015·新课标I卷)38
having
confidence
in
yourself
will
help
you
make
better
choices
because
you
can
see
what
the
best
outcome
would
be
for
your
well-being.
【答案】A
【解析】
根据后句“having
confidence
in
yourself
will
help
you
make
better
choices
because
you
can
see
what
the
best
outcome
would
be
for
your
well-being.”可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自己。可知选A。
2.
段尾设空类
段尾设空类主要三种情况：通常是结论、概括性语句，注意在选项中查找关于结果、结论等的信号词；与前文是转折、对比等关系，在选项中查找关于此关系的关联词；所选答案是引出下一段的内容，如果选项中找不到与前文的关联，可试着考虑是否与下一段开头有联系
Protect
against
UV
rays(紫外线). Long-term
stay
in
the
sun
creates
risk
to
your
eyes.
No
matter
what
the
season
is,
it’s
extremely
important
to
wear
sunglasses.
37
Eat
your
greens.
Eye
care
should
begin
early
in
life.
They
can
properly
protect
your
eyes.
Stay
in
good
shape
by
taking
more
vitamins.
Parents
usually
don’t
care
about
their
own
eyesight.
Always
follow
the
doctor’s
advice
for
appropriate.
This
frequent
eye
activity
increase
the
risk
for
eye
tiredness.
【答案】C
【触类旁通】
(2016·四川卷)
Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 40
【答案】
E
【解析】根据空格前两句：一些人认为女性身体细胞有一个比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性身体细胞有一个老化快的倾向可知符合题意，故选E。
3.
文中设空类
文中设空类题型是常在文章或段落中间挖空，所挖掉的句子通常是语境和逻辑两方面和上下文有密切的关系。所以在解答此类题型时，特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折、让步等逻辑关系的关联词。
True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.
38
There are a dozen different things you
can do with them. Experimenting with
materials to create something new can go a
long way in helping them develop their creativity.
Encourage
kids
to
cook
with
you.
And
we
can’t
forget
science
education.
We
can
give
kids
chances
to
think
about
materials
in
new
ways.
So
how
can
we
help
our
kids
prepare
for
jobs
that
don’t
exist
Gardening
is
another
great
activity
for
helping
kids
develop
this
skill.
We
can
do
this
in
real
life
or
ask
questions
about
characters
in
stories.
Being
able
to
communicate
ideas
in
a
meaningful
way
is
a
valuable
skill.
【答案】C
【触类旁通】
(2015·新课标II卷)When
you
have
found
shoes
that
seem
right,
walk
in
them
for
a
few
days
to
double-check
the
fit.
37
.
As
always,
you
should
stretch(伸展)
at
least
ten
minutes
before
each
run
to
prevent
injuries.
【答案】E
【解析】考查对上下文的理解。上文提到：穿着鞋走走路以确保合适，下文提到跑。所以这里应该说如果穿着的感觉很好，就可以跑了。故选E。
六．考题预测
1.
内容选择：阅读新题型文章选择要注重两个方面的内容：一是选材注重选取贴近考生、贴近生活、新颖的、时代感强的材料，以体现考纲中明确提出的“命题重视‘新材料、新情境’
的创设与运用，测试考生的综合语言运用能力”的指导思想。二是所选文章内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明，便于学生在阅读的基础上，进行综合理解，并对于一些信息进行概括或充分表达。
2.
文章长度：文章的选择不能太短（少于250词）或太长（多于350）。另外，文章的长度还会与整套试题中阅读的总词数有关。
3.
文体的选择：文章的选择以说明、议论、夹叙夹议等为主，单纯以时间或事件为线索的记叙文不宜于考察逻辑思维能力，出现机率不大。
【小试牛刀】
（2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）英语试卷）Community
Service
Nowadays
high
schools
are
faced
with
a
very
controversial
issue
whether
or
not
community
service
hours
are
needed
to
graduate.
High
schools
are
arguing
that
40
hours
of
community
service
are
needed
to
graduate,
but
many
upset
students
are
voicing
protests(反对)
to
this
demand.
Supporters
of
the
community
service
project
argue
that
while
high
school
students
are
participating
in
community
service,
they
will
become
better
aware
of
what
the
real
world
is
like.
Students
will
learn
valuable
life
lesson
by
doing
community
service.
1．
They
feel
that
if
high
school
students
are
forced
to
do
community
service
they
will
begin
to
see
it
as
a
punishment
and
as
something
that
they
have
to
do
because
it
is
required
instead
of
something
that
they
want
to
do.
Students
will
in
the
future
look
back
at
the
community
service
projects
that
they
were
forced
to
do
throughout
high
school.
2．
Another
idea
that
the
protestors
give
about
this
community
service
issue
is
time
restriction.
When
a
student
goes
to
school
full
time,
he
is
involved
in
after-class
activities
and
also
works.
3．
Supporters
argue
back
that
high
school
students
only
need
to
fulfill
40
hours
of
community
service
throughout
4
years.
If
students
well
manage
their
time
and
start
the
community
service
in
their
first
year
in
high
school,
all
they
need
to
do
is
an
hour
every
other
week.
4．
The
protestors
argue
that
high
school
students
do
not
have
their
driver’s
license,
so
how
are
they
expected
to
get
to
their
community
service
site
when
their
parents
or
friends
are
at
work
or
just
too
busy
to
give
them
a
ride.
5．
The
supporters
argue
that
students
can
find
community
service
projects
close
to
home
or
if
they
live
in
the
country
find
another
student
to
car
pool
with.
In
my
opinion,
community
service
is
a
wonderful
thing
that
everyone
should
be
required
to
do
at
some
point
in
their
life,
but
are
high
school
students
mature
and
responsible
enough
to
take
on
community
service
projects
at
this
stage
in
their
life
A.
Protestors
have
struck
back
with
a
very
solid
argument.
B.
A
final
controversial
issue
that
appears
is
transportation.
C.
Students
will
feel
good
about
themselves
for
helping
others
in
need.
D.
They
will
continue
to
carry
a
negative
attitude
towards
community
service
for
their
lifetime.
E.
Both
sides
have
solid
arguments
about
why
community
service
should
or
should
not
be
forced
upon
students.
F.
Unless
the
school
offers
a
means
of
transportation
for
the
students
there
really
is
no
solution
to
this
problem.
G.
The
time
that
is
needed
to
participate
in
a
community
service
project
may
place
quite
a
burden
on
the
student.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要就中学生是否应该参与社区服务这个话题，论述了支持者与抗议者的观点，并给出了作者自己的观点。
1．【答案】A
2．【答案】D
【解析】空格前的句意为“学生以后在回顾自己的社区服务的经历时，会感到自己整个中学阶段做的服务都是被迫的”，而选项D正好与这一句相承接，讲的都是学生对自己的社区服务持一种消极态度，故选D。
3．【答案】G
【解析】空格前的句意“学生全天制去上学时，也会参加课外活动，也会工作”选项G中的内容“花时间参与社区服务可能会给学生带来负担”承接上文内容，故选G。
4．【答案】B
5．【答案】F
【解析】空格以后的内容是支持者的观点，则空格里应是抗议者的观点，又因为此段的主题是交通，所以应该选与交通有关的论点，选项F正是抗议者就交通问题所做的论述，故选F。
【名师点睛】七选五旨在考查学生对全文整体理解和对信息辨析的能力，做此题时需要先了解文章的整体结构，再综合上下文进行判断。其中，重点是：在浏览选项、理解全篇逻辑关系后找出关键词。
例如第4小题，可以明显结合整个段落论述的主题“交通”，在选项中找出关键词transportation，从而迅速找出答案。空格后的一整段支持者和抗议者都在就交通问题进行辩论，而选项B“最后一个有争议的问题是交通。”正好作为本段的中心句，故选B。阅读理解感悟高考
Passage
1（2016·新课标Ⅱ·D)
A
new
collection
of
photos
brings
an
unsuccessful
Antarctic
voyage
back
to
life.Frank
Hurley’s
pictures
would
be
outstanding----undoubtedly
first-rate
photo-journalism---if
they
had
been
made
last
week.
In
fact,
they
were
shot
from
1914
through
1916,
most
of
them
after
a
disastrous
shipwreck(海滩),
by
a
cameraman
who
had
no
reasonable
expectation
of
survival.
Many
of
the
images
were
stored
in
an
ice
chest,
under
freezing
water,
in
the
damaged
wooden
ship.
The
ship
was
the
Endurance,
a
small,
tight,
Norwegian-built
three-master
that
was
intended
to
take
Sir
Ernest
Shackleton
and
a
small
crew
of
seamen
and
scientists,
27
men
in
all,
to
the
southernmost
shore
of
Antarctica’s
Weddell
Sea.
From
that
point
Shackleton
wanted
to
force
a
passage
by
dog
sled(雪橇)
across
the
continent.
The
journey
was
intended
to
achieve
more
than
what
Captain
Robert
Falcon
Scott
had
done.
Captain
Scott
had
reached
the
South
Pole
early
in
1912
but
had
died
with
his
four
companions
on
the
march
back.
As
writer
Caroline
Alexander
makes
clear
in
her
forceful
and
well-researched
story
The
Endurance,
adventuring
was
even
then
a
thoroughly
commercial
effort.
Scott’s
last
journey,
completed
as
be
lay
in
a
tent
dying
of
cold
and
hunger,
caught
the
world’s
imagination,
and
a
film
made
in
his
honor
drew
crowds.
Shackleton,
a
onetime
British
merchant-navy
officer
who
had
got
to
within
100
miles
of
the
South
Pole
in
1908,
started
a
business
before
his
1914
voyage
to
make
money
from
movie
and
still
photography.
Frank
Hurley,
a
confident
and
gifted
Australian
photographer
who
knew
the
Antarctic,
was
hired
to
make
the
images,
most
of
which
have
never
before
been
published.
33.
What
do
we
know
about
the
photos
taken
by
Hurley
A.
They
were
made
last
week
B.
They
showed
undersea
sceneries
C.
They
were
found
by
a
cameraman
D.
They
recorded
a
disastrous
adventure
34.
Who
reached
the
South
Pole
first
according
to
the
text
A.
Frank
Hurley
B.
Ernest
Shackleton
C.
Robert
Falcon
Scott
D.
Caroline
Alexander
35.
What
does
Alexander
think
was
the
purpose
of
the
1914
voyage
A.
Artistic
creation
B.
Scientific
research
C.
Money
making
D.
Treasure
hunting
【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了Frank的图片记录了一次不成功航海的活动，介绍了预支相关的具体内容。
33.
【答案】D
34.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Capatain
Scott
had
reached
the
south
pole….”可知到达南极的是Capatain
Scott，故C
正确。
35.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二句“....start
a
business
before
his
1914
voyage
to
make
money
from
movie
and
still
photography”可知Alexander认为他的这次航行就是为了挣钱。故C项正确。
Passage
2（2016·新课标I卷·C)
I
am
peter
Hodes
,a
volunteer
stem
cell
courier.
Since
March
2012,
I've
done
89
trips
of
those
,
51
have
been
abroad,
I
have
42
hours
to
carry
stem
cells（干细胞）in
my
little
box
because
I've
got
two
ice
packs
and
that's
how
long
they
last,
in
all,
from
the
time
the
stem
cells
are
harvested
from
a
donor(捐献者)
to
the
time
they
can
be
implanted
in
the
patient,
we’ve
got
72
hours
at
most,
So
I
am
always
conscious
of
time.
I
had
one
trip
last
year
where
I
was
caught
by
a
hurricane
in
America.
I
picked
up
the
stem
cells
in
Providence,
Rhode
Island,
and
was
meant
to
fly
to
Washington
then
back
to
London.
But
when
I
arrived
at
the
check-in
desk
at
Providence,
the
lady
on
the
desk
said:”Well,
I’m
really
sorry,
I’ve
got
some
bad
news
for
you-there
are
no
fights
from
Washington.”So
I
took
my
box
and
put
it
on
the
desk
and
I
said:”In
this
box
are
some
stem
cells
that
are
urgently
needed
for
a
patient-please,
please,
you’ve
got
to
get
me
back
to
the
United
Kingdom.”She
just
dropped
everything.
She
arranged
for
a
flight
on
a
small
plane
to
be
held
for
me.re-routed(改道)me
through
Newark
and
got
me
back
to
the
UK
even
earlier
than
originally
scheduled.
For
this
courier
job,
you’re
consciously
aware
than
that
box
you’ve
got
something
that
is
potentially
going
to
save
somebody’s
life.
29.
Which
of
the
following
can
replace
the
underlined
word
“courier”
in
Paragraph1
A
.
provider
B.
delivery
man
C.
collector
D.
medical
doctor
30.
Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42
hours
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that
much
time.
D. The ice won't last any longer.
31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first
A. To London
B. To Newark
C. To Providence
D. To Washington
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。作者Peter
Hodes是一名干细胞快递员。他在文中讲述了遭遇飓风之后的一次非同寻常的投递经历。
29.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由下文及作者在机场的经历可知，他是一名志愿者，从事干细胞递送的工作。所以答案为B。
30.
【答案】D
31.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。
由第二段可知，由于没有飞往华盛顿的航班，航空公司为作者安排了一架小型飞机。根据“…re-routed
me
through
Newark
and
got
me
back
to
the
UK
even
earlier
than
original
scheduled.”一句可知答案B
Passage
3（2016·四川卷·B)
I
know
what
you’re
thinking:
pizza
(比萨饼)
For
breakfast
But
the
truth
is
that
you
can
have
last
night’s
leftovers
in
the
a.
m.
if
you
want
to.
I
know
lots
of
women
who
skip
breakfast(不吃早餐),
and
they
have
a
ton
of
different
excuses
for
doing
it.
Some
say
they
don’t
have
time,
others
think
they’re
saving
calories
(卡路里)
,
still
others
just
don’t
like
breakfast
food.
But
the
bottom
line
is
that
eating
in
the
morning
is
very
important
when
you’re
trying
to
lose
weight.
“Eating
just
about
anything
from
300
to
400
calories
would
be
better
than
nothing
at
all，”
says
Katherine
Brooking,
R.
D.
,
who
developed
the
super-easy
eating
plan
for
this
year’s
“SELF
CHALLENGE”.
And
even
pizza
can
be
healthy
if
it’s
loaded
with
vegetables，and
you
stick
to
one
small
piece.
Breakfast
is
one
meal
I
never
miss,
and
the
same
goes
for
most
weight
loss
success
stories.
Research
shows
that
eating
breakfast
keeps
you
from
overeating
later
in
the
day.
Researchers
at
the
University
of
Southern
California
found
that
breakfast
skippers
have
a
bigger
chance
of
gaining
weight
than
those
who
regularly
have
a
morning
meal.
So
eat
something
in
the
morning,
anything.
I
know
plenty
of
friends
who
end
up
having
no
breakfast
altogether，and
have
just
coffee
or
orange
juice.
I
say，try
heating
up
last
night’s
leftovers—it
may
sound
crazy,
but
if
it
works
for
you,
do
it!
I
find
if
I
tell
myself，“You
can
always
eat
it
tomorrow,
”I
put
away
the
leftovers
instead
of
eating
more
that
night.
Try
it...you
may
save
yourself
some
pre-bed-time
calories.
And
watch
your
body
gain
the
fat-burning
effects.
21.
The
word“
leftovers”
in
Paragraph
1
probably
means________.
A.
food
remaining
after
a
meal
B.
things
left
undone
C.
meals
made
of
vegetables
D.
pizza
topped
with
fruit
22.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
text
A.
Working
women
usually
have
breakfast
in
a
hurry.
B.
Many
people
have
wrong
ideas
about
breakfast.
C.
There
are
some
easy
ways
of
cooking
a
meal.
D.
Eating
vegetables
helps
save
energy.
23.
According
to
the
last
paragraph，it
is
important
to________.
A.
eat
something
for
breakfast
B.
be
careful
about
what
you
eat
C.
heat
up
food
before
eating
it
D.
eat
calorie-controlled
food
24．The
text
is
written
mainly
for
those________.
A.
who
go
to
work
early
B.
who
want
to
lose
weight
C.
who
stay
up
late
D.
who
eat
before
sleep
【语篇导读】随着科技的进步、社会的发展，人们的生活节奏也越来越快。为了节省时间或者是为了保持苗条身材，很多人不吃早餐。然而这样做是绝对不科学的，尤其对于那些想要减肥的人是极其不利的。
21.
【答案】A
【解析】猜测词义题。从第一段last
night可以猜测出leftovers的含义为“剩饭”。
22.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。第二段告诉我们很多人有种种借口不吃早餐，第三段开始“but”一词告诉我们这样做是不对的。
23.
【答案】A
24.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。第三段第一句以及第四段第一句都提示我们：本文主要写给那些想减肥的人。
Passage
4（2016·新课标I卷·A)
You
probably
know
who
Marie
Curie
was,
but
you
may
not
have
heard
of
Rachel
Carson.
Of
the
outstanding
ladies
listed
below,
who
do
you
think
was
the
most
important
woman
of
the
past
100
years
Jane
Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone
who
has
ever
been
helped
by
a
social
worker
has
Jane
Addams
to
thank
Addans
helped
the
poor
and
worked
for
peace.
She
encouraged
a
sense
of
community(社区)by
creating
shelters
and
promoting
education
and
services
for
people
in
need
In
1931,Addams
became
the
first
American
woman
to
win
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize.
Rachel
Carson(1907-1964)
If
it
weren’t
for
Rachel
Carson,
the
environmental
movement
might
not
exist
today.
Her
popular
1962
book
Silent
Spring
raised
awareness
of
the
dangers
of
pollution
and
the
harmful
effects
of
chemicals
on
humans
and
on
the
world’s
lakes
and
oceans.
Sandra
Day
O’Connor(1930-present)
When
Sandra
Day
O’Connor
finished
third
in
her
class
at
Stanford
Law
School,
in
1952,
she
could
not
find
work
at
a
law
firm
because
she
was
a
woman.
She
became
an
Arizona
state
senator(参议员)
and
,in
1981,
the
first
woman
to
join
the
U.S.
Supreme
Court.
O’Connor
gave
the
deciding
vote
in
many
important
cases
during
her
24
years
on
the
top
court.
Rosa
Parks
(1913-2005)
On
December
1,1955,
in
Montgomery,
Alabama,
Rosa
Parks
would
not
give
up
her
seat
on
a
bus
to
a
white
passenger.
Her
simple
act
landed
Parks
in
prison.
But
it
also
set
off
the
Montgomery
bus
boycott.
It
lasted
for
more
than
a
year,
and
kicked
off
the
civil-rights
movement.
“The
only
tired
I
was,
was
tired
of
giving
in,”
said
Parks.
21.
What
is
Jane
Addams
noted
for
in
history
A.
Her
social
work.
B.
Her
teaching
skills.
C.
Her
efforts
to
win
a
prize.
D.
Her
community
background.
22.
What
is
the
reason
for
O’Connor’s
being
rejected
by
the
law
firm
A.
Her
lack
of
proper
training
in
law.
B.
Her
little
work
experience
in
court.
C.
The
discrimination
against
women.
D.
The
poor
financial
conditions.
23.
Who
made
a
great
contribution
to
the
civil-rights
movement
in
the
US
A.
Jane
Addams.
B.
Rachel
Carson.
C.
Sandra
Day
O’Connor.
D.
Rosa
Parks.
24.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
women
mentioned
in
the
text
A.
They
are
highly
educated.
B.
They
are
truly
creative.
C.
They
are
pioneers.
D.
They
are
peace-lovers.
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，属于人物传记。介绍了近一百年来涌现出来的四位杰出的女性。
21.
【答案】A
22.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“…she
could
not
find
work
at
law
firm
because
she
was
a
woman.”可知，由于O’Connor是女性，而未能在法律事务所找到工作。由此可以推断这是对妇女的歧视。因此答案只能选C。
23.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由题干可以迅速将答案锁定在文章最后一段，根据“Her
simple
act
landed
Parks
in
prison…and
kicked
off
the
civil
rights
movement.”所提供的信息可知，Parks为国内的人权运动做出了极大贡献。故选D项。
24.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据短文对四位妇女的介绍可知，她们在各自的领域所做出的贡献开创了历史的新局面，起着带头人的作用。因此答案为C。此外，由文中出现两次的the
first
woman也可推断答案。
Passage
5（2016·新课标Ⅱ卷·A)
What’s
On
Electric
Underground
7.30pm－1.00am
Free
at
the
Cyclops
Theatre
Do
you
know
who’s
playing
in
your
area
We’re
bringing
you
an
evening
of
live
rock
and
pop
music
from
the
best
local
bands.
Are
you
interested
in
becoming
a
musician
and
getting
a
recording
contract(合同)
If
so,
come
early
to
the
talk
at
7.30pm
by
Jules
Skye,
a
successful
record
producer.
He’s
going
to
talk
about
how
you
can
find
the
right
person
to
produce
you
music.
Gee
Whizz
8.30pm-10.30pm
Comedy
at
Kaleidoscope
Come
and
see
Gee
Whizz
perform.
He’s
the
funniest
stand-up
comedian
on
the
comedy
scene.
This
joyful
show
will
please
everyone,
from
the
youngest
to
the
oldest.
Gee
Whizz
really
knows
how
to
make
you
laugh!
Our
bar
is
open
from
7.00pm
for
drinks
and
snacks(快餐).
Simon’s
Workshop
5.00pm-7.30pm
Wednesdays
at
Victoria
Stage
This
is
a
good
chance
for
anyone
who
wants
to
learn
how
to
do
comedy.
The
workshop
looks
at
every
kind
of
comedy,
and
practices
many
different
ways
of
making
people
laugh.
Simon
is
a
comedian
and
actor
who
has
10
years’
experience
of
teaching
comedy.
His
workshops
are
exciting
and
fun.
An
evening
with
Simon
will
give
you
the
confidence
to
be
funny.
Charlotte
Stone
8.00pm-11.00pm
Pizza
World
Fine
food
with
beautiful
jazz
music;
this
is
a
great
evening
out.
Charlotte
Stone
will
perform
songs
from
her
new
best-selling
CD,
with
James
Pickering
on
the
piano.
The
menu
is
Italian,
with
excellent
meat
and
fresh
fish,
pizzas
and
pasta(面食).
Book
early
to
get
a
table.
Our
bar
is
open
all
day,
and
serves
cocktails,
coffee,
beer,
and
white
wine.
1.
Who
can
help
you
if
you
want
to
have
your
music
produced
A.
Jules
Skye.
B.
Gee
Whizz.
C.
Charlotte
Stone.
D.
James
Pickering.
2.
At
which
place
can
people
of
different
ages
enjoy
a
good
laugh
A.
The
Cyclops
Theatre
B.
Kaleidoscope
C.
Victoria
Stage
D.
Pizza
World
3.
What
do
we
know
about
Simon’s
Workshop
A.
It
requires
membership
status.
B.
It
lasts
three
hours
each
time.
C.
It
is
run
by
a
comedy
club.
D.
It
is
held
every
Wednesday.
4.
When
will
Charlotte
Stone
perform
her
songs
A.
5.00pm-7.30pm.
B.
7.30pm－1.00am.
C.
8.00pm-11.
00pm.
D.
8.30pm-10.30pm.
【语篇导读】本文属于广告类阅读，介绍了四则广告。
1.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一则广告最后一句he
is
going
to
talk
about
how
you
can
find
right
person
to
produce
your
music可知jules
skye可以教你如何人制作音乐，那么如果你想做自己的音乐，你就可以去找他，故A
正确。
2.
【答案】B
3.
【答案】D
【解析】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告第二行中“5.00
pm-
7.30pm
Wednesdays
at
Victoria
Stage”可知Simon's
Workshop的表演是在每周三下午5点至7点30之间进行。故D项正确。
4.
【答案】C
【解析】
细节理解题。根据第四则广告第二行“8.00pm-11.00pm
Pizza
World”可知Charlotte
Stone将在晚上8.00至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲。故C项正确。
